Book 1A Lesson Worksheet 1C (Refer to §1.

3)

1.3A Multiplication of Directed Numbers

For positive numbers +a, +b and negative numbers −a, −b,

(+a) × (+b) = +(a × b) (+a) × (−b) = −(a × b)
The product of two numbers is
positive if their signs are the
(−a) × (−b) = +(a × b) (−a) × (+b) = −(a × b) same, and negative if their
signs are different.

Example 1 Instant Drill 1

Evaluate the following expressions. Evaluate the following expressions.
(a) (+4) × (+5) (a) (−2) × (−3)
(b) (−2) × (+8) Positive for (b) (+7) × (−4)
the same sign
Sol (a) (+4) × (+5) = +(4 × 5) Sol (a) (−2) × (−3) = (+ / −) [2 × ( )]
= 20 Negative for =
different signs
(b) (−2) × (+8) = −(2 × 8) (b) (+7) × (−4) = (+ / −) [( )×( )]
= −16 =

1. Evaluate the following expressions. 2. Evaluate the following expressions.

(a) (+5) × (+9) (a) (−2) × (−12)
(b) (−8) × (+4) (b) (+30) × (−6)
(c) (−10) × (−1) (c) (−4) × (+15)

○→ Ex 1C 1

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  2
3. Evaluate (−10) ×  −  . 4. Evaluate (+0.3) × (−0.1).
 5

○→ Ex 1C 3

Example 2 Instant Drill 2

Evaluate (−3) × (−10) × (−7). Evaluate (−5) × (+2) × (+9).
Sol (−3) × (−10) × (−7) Sol (−5) × (+2) × (+9)
= +(3 × 10) × (−7) = (+ / −) [( )×( )] × (+9)
= (+30) × (−7) =
= −(30 × 7)
= −210

5. Evaluate (−3) × (+2) × (−7). 6. Evaluate (+25)(−4)(−1).

(+25)(−4)(−1) means
(+25) × (−4) × (−1).

○→ Ex 1C 2

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1.3B Division of Directed Numbers

For positive numbers +a, +b and negative numbers −a, −b,

(+ a) a (+ a) a
= +  = − 
The product of two numbers is
( +b) b ( −b ) b positive if their signs are the
same, and negative if their
(−a ) a (−a ) a
= +  = −  signs are different.
( −b ) b ( +b ) b

Example 3 Instant Drill 3

Evaluate the following expressions. Evaluate the following expressions.
(+24) (+14)
(a) (a)
( − 4) ( +7 )
(b) (−36) ÷ (−9) Negative for (b) (−40) ÷ (+2)
(+24)  24  different signs (+14)  14 
Sol (a) = −  Sol (a) = (+ / −)  
( − 4)  4  ( +7 ) ( )
= −6 Positive for
=
the same sign
(b) (−36) ÷ (−9) = +(36 ÷ 9) (b) (−40) ÷ (+2) = (+ / −) [( ) ÷ ( )]
=4 =

7. Evaluate the following expressions. 8. Evaluate the following expressions.

(a) (−27) ÷ (−3) (a) (+42) ÷ (−6)
(b) (+56) ÷ (−7) (b) (−90) ÷ (+5)
(c) (+88) ÷ (+8) (c) (−144) ÷ (−12)

○→ Ex 1C 4, 5(a)–(b)

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Example 4 Instant Drill 4
 4  2  1  1
Evaluate  −  ÷  +  . Evaluate  −  ÷  −  .
 9  3  4  2
 4  2  1  1
Sol −  ÷ +  Sol −  ÷ − 
 9  3  4  2
4 2 1 ( )
= − ÷  = (+ / −)  ÷
9 3 Change ‘÷’ to ‘×’, and 4 2 
4 3 2
= − ×  turn the fraction =
9 2 3
upside down.
2
=−
3

 1   3  3  1
9. Evaluate  + 2  ÷  −  . 10. Evaluate  − 1  ÷  − 2  .
 4  8  4  2

1 4×( )+( ) ( )
2 = =
4 4 4

○→ Ex 1C 5(c)

11. Evaluate (−7) ÷ (+0.1). 12. Evaluate (−3.2) ÷ (−0.4).

○→ Ex 1C 6

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1 Directed Numbers

Consolidation Exercise 1C 
Level 1
Evaluate the following expressions. [Nos. 1–11]
1. (a) (+7) × (−4) (b) (−2) × (−3) (c) (−6) × 0

2. (a) (−2) × (+3) × (+4) (b) (+8) × (−1) × (−7) (c) (+2)(−4)(−5)

 4  5
3. (a) (+18) ×  −  (b)  +  × (−24) (c) (−2.5) × (−0.4)
 9  6

(+42)
4. (a) (−35) ÷ (+5) (b) (c) (−6) ÷ (−66)
( −7 )

(−84)  5  2
5. (a) (+96) ÷ (−3) (b) (c)  + 2  ÷  − 5 
( − 4)  6  3

(+3.5)
6. (a) (−5.4) ÷ (+6) (b) (−12) ÷ (−0.4) (c)
(−0.5)

(−24)
7. (a) (+32) × (+5) ÷ (−8) (b) (+12) ÷ (−6) × 9 (c) ×8
( − 4)

8. (a) (−2) + (−14) × (+7) (b) 4 × (−8) − (−25) (c) (−3)(−5) − (−2)(+7)

9. (a) (−63) ÷ 7 + 8 (b) (+16) ÷ (−4) − (−16) (c) (+23) − (−39) ÷ (+3)

10. (a) (−4)(+5) + (−9) ÷ 3 (b) (+8) − (−2)(+7) − 20 (c) (−15) + (−35) ÷ (−7) − (−10)

11. (a) (−13 + 8) × (−6) (b) [(−15) + (+3)] ÷ 4 (c) 72 ÷ [(−9 + 3) × (−2)]

12. Represent each of the following word phrases by an expression and evaluate the expression.
(a) Multiply −3 by +8.
(b) Add −3 to the product of −2 and +5.
(c) Divide −14 by −2.
(d) Divide +6 by the sum of +1 and −4.

13. Mr Lee loses $12 in selling a basketball and gains $19 in selling a football. One day he sells
20 basketballs and 10 footballs. What is his overall gain or loss?

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14. City B is 150 km to the west of city A. Philip travels 24 km due west each day from city A. Suppose a
positive number represents travelling due east. Use a directed number to represent Philip’s position
(a) from city A after 5 days,
(b) from city B after 5 days.

15. Donald uses his Octopus card to pay for three boxes of chocolate. Each box costs $7. If the remaining
stored value in his Octopus card after the payment is −$6, what is the remaining stored value in his
Octopus card before the payment?

Level 2
Evaluate the following expressions. [Nos. 16–24]
 1  2  5   9
16. (a) (−15) ×  −  × (+16) (b)  +  × (−21) × (−15) (c)  −  × (−6) ×  − 
 3  7  54   10 

 7   3  2
17. (a) (+256) ÷ (−32) ÷ (+24) (b)  −  ÷  +  ÷  − 1  (c) (+4.2) ÷ (−0.7) ÷ (−4)
 10   4   5 

(+4)(−14) (−35)
18. (a) (+55) ÷ (−11) × (−3) (b) (c)
(−168) (−5)(−4)

19. (a) (+2.3) × (−3) ÷ (−69) (b) [(−12) + 7] × (−1.4) (c) (−8 − 7) × 0.6 ÷ 4.5

 1     2  2  5
20. (a)  −  + 2 × (−8) (b) 10 ÷ (−1) −  −  (c) (−7) + 2 ×  − 
 4     3  5  6

(−7 − 5) × (−3) 4 − 13 (+2.5) × (−6)

21. (a) (b) (c)
9 − 19 − 8 −5

23 − (−25) − 22 − 26 − 21 + 66
22. (a) 2 + (b) − 5 − (c) 3 +
(−2)(+3) − 7 + 19 −6−9

23. (a) (−4) × [0.25 + (−3)] (b) [(−23) − 1 ÷ 10] ÷ (−7) (c) 4.5 ÷ [(−1.2) + 3 ÷ 10]

(+4.5) (−4)  1  6 1  5
24 (a) × (b)  − 4  ÷  + 1  − (c) 6 − (−1.5) + (+9) ×  − 
(−3.2) (−9)  3  7 3  6

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25. In a quiz, each candidate has to answer 15 questions and the marks obtained from each question are
shown below:
Unanswered
Correct answer Incorrect answer
question
Marks 4 −3 0
(a) John answers 5 questions correctly and answers 8 questions incorrectly. What is his final score?
(b) Paul obtains 16 marks from questions answered correctly and his final score is −8 marks.
(i) How many questions does he answer incorrectly?
(ii) How many unanswered questions does he have?

26. In a game, each player has to draw 10 balls from a box, and the points awarded are shown below:
Red ball White ball Green ball
Points −1 0 3
Tracy draws 5 red balls, 3 white balls and 2 green balls.
(a) (i) How many points does Tracy get from the red balls?
(ii) How many points does Tracy get finally?
(b) Walter plays the game and he draws 7 red balls from the box. Is it possible that Walter gets
higher points than Tracy? Explain your answer.

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Consolidation Exercise 1C (Answer)
1. (a) −28 (b) 6 (c) 0 15. $15
2. (a) −24 (b) 56 (c) 40 1
16. (a) 80 (b) 90 (c) −
3. (a) −8 (b) −20 (c) 1 2
1 2
1 17. (a) − (b) (c) 1.5
4. (a) −7 (b) −6 (c) 3 3
11
1 7
1 18. (a) 15 (b) (c) −
5. (a) −32 (b) 21 (c) − 3 4
2
19. (a) 0.1 (b) 7 (c) −2
6. (a) −0.9 (b) 30 (c) −7
20. (a) −14 (b) −30 (c) −9
7. (a) −20 (b) −18 (c) 48
1
8. (a) −100 (b) −7 (c) 29 21. (a) 4 (b) (c) 3
3
9. (a) −1 (b) 12 (c) 36 22. (a) −6 (b) −1 (c) 0
10. (a) −23 (b) 2 (c) 0 23. (a) 11 (b) 3.3 (c) −5
11. (a) 30 (b) −3 (c) 6 5 2
24. (a) − (b) − 2 (c) 0
12. (a) (−3) × (+8), −24 8 3
(b) (−2) × (+5) + (−3), −13 25. (a) −4 marks
(c) (−14) ÷ (−2), 7 (b) (i) 8 (ii) 3
(d) (+6) ÷ [(+1) + (−4)], −2 26. (a) (i) −5 points (ii) 1 point
(b) yes
13. He loses $50.
14. (a) −120 km (b) +30 km

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