UACE MATHEMATICS PAPER 2 2010 and marking guides

Section A

1. Two events M and N are such that P(M) = 0.7, P(M∩N) = 0.45 and P(M∩N’) = 0.18. find
(a) P(N’)
(b) P(M or N but not both M and N)
2. P. Q and R are points on a straight road such that PQ = 20m and QR = 55m. A cyclist moving with
uniform acceleration passes P and then notices that it takes him 10s and 15s to travel between
(P and Q) and (Q and R) respectively. Find the uniform acceleration.
3. Find the approximate value to one decimal place of∫ , using the trapezium rule with five
strips.
4. The probability mass function of a discrete random variable X is given by

( ) {

Find the
(a) mean of X
(b) variance of x
5. A carton of mass 3kg rests on a rough plane inclined at an angle 300 to the horizontal. The
coefficient of friction between the carton and the plane is 1/3. Find a a horizontal force that
should be applied to make the carton just about to move up the plane.
6. The table below shows the values of continuous function f with respect to t.
t 0 0.3 0.6 1.2 1.8
f(t) 2.72 3.00 3.32 4.06 4.95
Using linear interpolation
(a) f(t) when t = 0.9
(b) t when f(t) = 4.48
7. The table below shows the expenditure (in Ug. Shs) of a student during the first and second
term.
Item Expenditure weight
1st term 2nd term
Clothing 46,500 49,350 5
Pocket
money 55,200 57,500 3
books 80,000 97,500 8
Using first term expenditure as the base, calculate the average weighted price index to one
d ecimal place.

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8. A particle moving with simple harmonic motion (SHM) travels from a point xm from the centre O
to a point on the opposite side of O and xm from O in 3s. The particle takes a further 2s to reach
the extreme point of motion. Find the period of the motion.

SECTION B

9. (a) If a is the first approximation to the root of the equation x5 – b = 0, show that the second

approximation is given by
(b) Show that the positive real root of the equation x5 – 17 = 0 lies between 1.5and 1.8. Hence
use the formulas in (a) above to determine the root to 3 decimal places.

10. The table below shows the marks obtained by students in a physics test.
Marks frequency
25 – 29 9
30 – 34 12
35 – 39 10
40 – 44 17
45 – 49 13
50 – 54 25
55 – 59 18
60 – 64 14
65 – 69 8
70 - 74 8
(a) Draw a histogram and use it to estimate the modal mark.
(b) Find the
(i) mean
(ii) standard deviation

11. Two equal particles of mass, m are attached to the ends of an inelastic string of length a and are
placed close together on horizontal plane. If one of the particles is projected vertically upwards
with a velocity √ where h >a
(a) show that the other particle will rise a distance (h – a) before coming to rest.
(b) Determine the loss in kinetic energy when the string become taut if a = 20m, h = 54m and m
= 4.8kg
12. (a) The probabilities that player A, B and C score in a netball game are and respectively. If
they play in a game, what is the probability that:
(i) only C scores
(ii) at least one player scores
(iii) two and only two players score
(b) There are 100 students taking principal mathematics in a certain school. 56 of the students
are boys and the remainder are girls. The probability that a student takes principal
mathematics given that a student is a boy is The probability that a student takes principal
mathematics given that a student is a girl is . If a student is chosen at random from the
school, find the probability that the student:
(i) is a boy given that the student takes principal mathematics.
(ii) Does not take principal mathematics.

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13. The centre of a regular hexagon ABCDEF of side 2a is O. Forces of magnitude 4N, sN, tN, 1N, 7N
and 3N act along the sides AB, BC, CD, DE, EF and FA respectively. Their directions are in the
order of the letters.
(a) Given that the resultant of the six forces is of magnitude 2√ acting in a direction
perpendicular to BC, determine the values of s and t.
(b) (i) Show that the sum of moments of the forces about O is 27a√ Nm.
(ii) If the midpoint of BC is M, find the equation of the line of action of the resultant; refer
to OM as x-axis and OD as y-axis.
14. (a) The positive real numbers N1, and N2 are rounded off to give n1 and n2 respectively.
Determine the maximum relative error in using n1n2 for N1N2. State any assumptions made.
(b) If N1 = 2.765, N2 = 0.72, determine the range within which the exact values of
(i) N1N2(N1 – N2)
(ii)
15. Two aircrafts P and Q are flying at the same height. P is flying due north 500kmh-1 while is flying
due west at 600kh-1. When the aircrafts are 100km apart, the pilots realized that they are about
to collide. The Pilot of P then changes course to 3450 and maintain the speed of 500kmh-1. The
pilot of Q maintains his course but increases speed. Determine the
(a) Distance each aircraft would have travelled if the pilots had not realized that they were
about to collide.
(b) New speed beyond which the aircraft Q must fly in order to avoid collision.
16. (a) The chance that a cow recovers from a certain mouth disease when treated is 0.72. If 100
cows are treated by the same vaccine, find the 95% confidence limits for the mean number of
covers that recover.
(b) The ages of taxis on a route are normally distributed with standard deviation of 1.5 years; a
sample of 100 taxis inspected on a particular day gave a mean age of 5.6years. Determine
(i) A 99% confidence interval for the mean age of all taxis that operate on the route
(ii) The probability that the taxis were ages between 5.4 and 5.8 years.

END

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Marking guide (b) Solution
P(M or N but not both M and N)
Section A
= P(M or N) only
1. Two events M and N are such that P(M) = Now P(M or N) only = P(MUN) only
0.7, P(M∩N) = 0.45 ans P(M∩N’) = 0.18. P(MUN) only
find = P(M) + P(N) – P(M∩N) - P(M∩N)
(a) P(N’) = 0.7 + 0.57 - 0.45 - 0.45
(b) P(M or N but not both M and N) = 0.37
OR: Using Venn diagram
Solution
N
(a) Using a contingency table: M

I N N’ I 0.25 0.45 0.12

M M∩N M∩N’ M 0.18
M’ M’∩N M’∩N’ M’
I N N’ I P(MUN) only = P(M) only + P(N) only
From the table above = 0.25 + 0.12
P(M) = P(M∩N) + P(M∩N’) = 0.37

0.7 = 0.45 + P(M∩N’) 2. P. Q and R are points on a straight road

P(M∩N’) = 0.25 such that PQ = 20m and QR = 55m. A
cyclist moving with uniform acceleration
P(N’) = P(M∩N’) + P(N’∩M’) passes P and then notices that it takes
him 10s and 15s to travel between
= 0.25 + 0.18
(P and Q) and (Q and R) respectively. Find
= 0.43 the uniform acceleration.
Alternatively; from Demorgan’s rule Solution
P(M’∩N’) = P(MUN)’ Method 1
= 1 – P(MUN) Using equations of motion
P(NUM) = 1- P(M’∩N’) 20m 55m
P Q R
= 1 – 0.18

=0.82 Let u = to velocity at P

But P(MUN) = P(M) + P(N) – P(M∩N) Using s = ut + ½ at2
0.82 = 0.7 + P(N) – 0.45 20= 10u + ½ a x 100
20 = 10u + 50a
P(N)= 0.82 + 0.45 – 0.7
2 = u + 5a ………………………..(i)
= 0.57
Considering PR
P(N’) = 1 – P(N)
75= 25u + ½ a x 625
= 1 – 0.57 73 = 25u + 312.5a
3 = u + 12.5a ………………………..(ii)
= 0.43
Eqn.(ii) – eqn. (i)
7.5a = 1

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 a= 5. A carton of mass 3kg rests on a rough
plane inclined at an angle 300 to the
Hence uniform acceleration =
horizontal. The coefficient of friction
3. Find the approximate value to one between the carton and the plane is 1/3.
decimal place of ∫ , using the Find a a horizontal force that should be
trapezium rule with five strips. applied to make the carton just about to
move up the plane.
Solution
Solution
∫ [y0 + yn + 2(y1, y2 +….yn-1)]
Let the horizontal force be P
R

x 0 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 P

1+ x 1 1.20 1.40 1.60 1.80 2.00 300
1 0.833 0.714 0.625 0.556 0.5 3g
300

∫ By resolving forces;
Along the plane
x 0.2[1 +0.5+2(0.833+0.714+0.625+0.556)] pcos300 =3gsin30 + ………………………(i)
= 0.1 x 6.956 Perpendicular to the plane
R – psin300 = 3g cos300
= 0.7 (1d.p) R =3gcos300 + psin300 …………..…………(ii)
Substituting eqn. (ii) into eqn. (i)
∫ = 0.7 (1d.p)
pcos300 =3gsin30 + (3gcos300 + psin300)
4. The probability mass function of a p(cos300 - sin300) = 3gsin300 +gcos300
discrete random variable X is given by
p=
( ) {
=
Find the = 33.1547N (4d.p)
(a) mean of X 6. The table below shows the values of
(b) variance of x continuous function f with respect to t.
Solution t 0 0.3 0.6 1.2 1.8
f(t) 2.72 3.00 3.32 4.06 4.95
x 1 2 3 4 Using linear interpolation
F(x)= 0.5333 0.2667 0.1333 0.0667
(a) f(t) when t = 0.9
xf(x) 0.5333 0.5334 0.3999 0.2668
x2f(x) 0.5333 1.0668 1.1997 1.0672 Solution
(a) E(x) = ∑ ( )
Extract
= 0.5333+ 0.5334 + 0.3999 + 0.2668
= 1.7334 t 0.6 0.9 1.2
(b) Ver(x) = E(x2) - (E(x))2 f(t) 3.32 y 4.06
E(x2) = ∑ ( ) A B C
= 0.5333+ 1.0668 + 1.1997 + 1.0672 Gradient of AB = gradient of AC
= 3.867
ver(x) = 3.867 – (1.7334)2
= 0.8623 (4d.p) y = 3.69

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 Hence t = 0.9, f(t) = 3.39 By symmetry, time from P to O = time
from O to A = 1.5s
(b) t when f(t) = 4.48
The time from O to B = ( )
Solution

Extract Period = 3.5 x 4 = 14s

t 1.2 x 1.8 SECTION B

f(t) 4.06 4.48 4.95
A B C
9. (a) If a is the first approximation to the
Gradient of AB = gradient of AC
root of the equation x5 – b = 0, show that
the second approximation is given by

x = 1.48
Solution
Hence when f(t) = 4.48, t = 1.48 Let f(x) = x5 – b
7. The table below shows the expenditure f'(x) = 5xn4
(in Ug. Shs) of a student during the first Using Newton-Raphson method
( )
and second term. ( )
Item Expenditure weight
st nd
1 term 2 term
Clothing 46,500 49,350 5
Pocket
money 55,200 57,500 3
books 80,000 97,500 8 Dividing numerator and denominator on
Using first term expenditure as the base, RHS by
calculate the average weighted price
index to one decimal place.
Solution Substituting for x0 = a
Average weighted price index
∑( )
= ∑
(b) Show that the positive real root of the
=( ) equation x5 – 17 = 0 lies between
1.5and 1.8. Hence use the formulas in
= (a) above to determine the root to 3
=113.6 (d.p) decimal places.
8. A particle moving with simple harmonic Solution
motion (SHM) travels from a point xm Using the sign change method
from the centre O to a point on the Let f(x) = x5 – 17
opposite side of O and xm from O in 3s. f(1.5) = (1.5)5 – 17 = -9.4025
The particle takes a further 2s to reach f(1.8) = (1.8)5 – 17 = 1889567
the extreme point of motion. Find the since f(1.5) x f(1.8)<0; the root lies
period of the motion. between 1.5 and 1.8
Solution Since f(1.5) is nearer to zero than
1.5 1.5 2s f(1.8), we take x0 = 1.5
xs sx B
( )
( )
P O A = 1.8716
m m

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Error = | | = 0.3716>0.0005 Marks x f fx fx2
25 – 29 27 9 243 6561
( )
( )
30 – 34 32 12 384 12288
= 1.7744 35 – 39 37 10 370 13690
Error = | | = 0.0.0972>0.0005 40 – 44 42 17 714 29988
( ) 45 – 49 47 13 611 28717
( )
= 1.7625 50 – 54 52 25 1300 67600
Error = | | = 0.0119>0.0005 55 – 59 57 18 1026 58482
( ) 60 – 64 62 14 868 53816
( )
= 1.7623 65 – 69 67 8 536 35912
Error = | | = 0.0002<0.0005 70 - 74 72 8 576 41472
sum 134 6628 348526
Hence the root = 1.762(3d.p) (a)
∑
∑
(b) S.D =√ ( )
10. The table below shows the marks
obtained by students in a physics test. =√ ( )
Marks frequency = 12.424
25 – 29 9 11. Two equal particles of mass, m are
30 – 34 12 attached to the ends of an inelastic string
35 – 39 10 of length a and are placed close together
40 – 44 17
on horizontal plane. If one of the particles
45 – 49 13
is projected vertically upwards with a
50 – 54 25
55 – 59 18 velocity √ where h >a
60 – 64 14 (a) Show that the other particle will rise a
65 – 69 8 distance (h – a) before coming to
70 - 74 8
rest.
(a) Draw a histogram and use it to
Solution
estimate the modal mark.

V=?
V1

a T=1

V=0 V1
(i) (ii) (iii)
(i) Shows particles resting on
horizontal plane close to each
other.
(ii) In diagram (ii) one of the particles
is lurched into motion within the
distance =a above the ground and
is experiencing acceleration due
Modal mark = 49.5 + 3 = 52.5 ± 0.5 to gravity.
(b) Find the From v2 = u2 + 2as
(iii) mean Velocity (v) attained by the first
(iv) standard deviation moving first moving particle at a
distance a above ground is
Solution

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 v2 = (√ )2 – 2ga =
v2 = 2gh - 2ga = 2g(h – a) (ii) at least one player scores
v=√ ( ) P(at least one player scores)
Let v1 be the velocity common 1 - P(A’∩B’∩C)
velocity of the two particles 1-
immediately above a distance a above (iii) two and only two players score
the ground. By the principle of
P(two and only two players score)
conservation of momentum P(A’∩B∩C) + P(A∩B’∩C) + P(A∩B∩C’)
√ ( ) = 2mv1 =
= = =
v1= √ ( )
(c) There are 100 students taking
nd
When the 2 particle comes to rest principal mathematics in a certain
v1 = 0, school. 56 of the students are boys
and the remainder are girls. The
let the distance travelled by the 2nd probability that a student takes
particle be x principal mathematics given that a
From v2 = u2 + 2as student is a boy is The probability
that a student takes principal
0=( √ ( )) mathematics given that a student is a
girl is . If a student is chosen at
2gx = ( ( )
random from the school, find the
x = (h – a) probability that the student:
(i) is a boy given that the student
Hence the second particle will rise a takes principal mathematics.
distance (h – a) Solution
Let B = boys. G= girls, and
(b) Determine the loss in kinetic energy M = principal math
when the string become taut if a = P(B) =
20m, h = 54m and m = 4.8kg
P(G) = 0.44
Solution
The loss in kinetic energy is due to the P(M/B) =
first particle P(M/G) =
The loss in kinetic energy
= K.E before – K.E after M
= B∩M

= ( ( )) G∩M
=
=940.8J P(M) = P(B∩M) + P(G∩M)
12. (a) The probabilities that player A, B and C = P(B).P(M/B) + P(G).P(M/G)
score in a netball game are and = 0.56 x
respectively. If they play in a game, what = 0.112 + 0.04
is the probability that: = 0.152
(i) only C scores P(B/M) =
( )
( )
P(ONLY C scores) = P(A’∩B’∩C)
Alternatively

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 √
( )
√
P(B/M) = ( ) ( √ √ √
)
( ) √
( ) ( )
=
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) For i : -3 =
=
-4 =
= 0.7368
-8 = s – t
(ii) Does not take principal mathematics.
P(M’) = 1- P(M’) s = t – 8 ………………………………...(i)
= 1 – 0.152
√ √ √
= 0.848 For j: √ =
13. The centre of a regular hexagon ABCDEF
of side 2a is O. Forces of magnitude 4N, 2 = s + t – 10 ……………………… (ii)
sN, tN, 1N, 7N and 3N act along the sides Substituting (i) into (ii)
AB, BC, CD, DE, EF and FA respectively.
Their directions are in the order of the 2 = t – 8 + t – 10
letters.
2t = 20
(a) Given that the resultant of the six
forces is of magnitude 2√ acting in t = 10
a direction perpendicular to BC,
From (i) s = 10 -8 = 2
determine the values of s and t.
(b) (i) Show that the sum of moments of Hence s = 2 and t = 10
the forces about O is 27a√ Nm.
(b)(i)
(iii) If the midpoint of BC is M, find O
the equation of the line of action
of the resultant; refer to OM as x- 2a
axis and OD as y-axis.

Solution 600
B a M a

OM2 = (2a)2 –a2

=3a2

OM = a√

O =4x a√ +2x a√ + 10x a√ +1x a√ +7x

a√ + 3x a√

=4a√ +2a√ + 10a√ +1a√ +7√ + 3a√

=27a√
R=( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
√ (ii) Since the magnitude of the resultant
( ) ( ) ( ) acts in the direction of OM, this implies
√
that X = √ and Y = 0
( √ ) ( ) Equation of the line of action of the
√ resultant is given by
G – xY + yX = 0

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 Substituting for G = 27a√ , Y = 0 and (ii)
X = 2√
27a√ – x(0) + y(2√ ) = 0 Maximum value =( )( )
y(2√ )= 27a√
√
= -1.0172
y=
√ )
14. (a) The positive real numbers N1, and N2 Maximum value =( )( )
are rounded off to give n1 and n2
= -1.037
respectively. Determine the maximum
relative error in using n1n2 for N1N2. State Range of values
any assumptions made.
Solution -1.037≤ N1N2(N1 – N2)≤ -1.017
Let z = n1n2 15. Two aircrafts P and Q are flying at the
Z = N1N2 same height. P is flying due north
= (n1+∆n1)(n2 + ∆n2) 500kmh-1 while is flying due west at
∆z = Z – z 600kh-1. When the aircrafts are 100km
=(n1+∆n1)(n2 + ∆n2) –n1n2 apart, the pilots realized that they are
= n1n2 +∆n1n2+ ∆n1n2 + ∆n1∆n2 – n1n2 about to collide. The Pilot of P then
=∆n1n2+ ∆n1n2 + ∆n1∆n2 changes course to 3450 and maintain the
As ∆n1→0 and ∆n2 →0, ∆n1∆n2 → 0 speed of 500kmh-1. The pilot of Q
 ∆z =∆n1n2+ ∆n1n2 maintains his course but increases speed.
Relative error = Determine the
= (a) distance each aircraft would have
travelled if the pilots had not realized
= that they were about to collide.
| | =| | O
≤| | | | √

√ √
(b) If N1 = 2.765, N2 = 0.72, determine the
range within which the exact values of √ √

(i) N1N2(N1 – N2)

√ √
Solution
At point of collision, O, rP = rQ
N1N2(N1 – N2) = (2.765)(0.72)(2.765 – 0.72)

Maximum value  ( ) ( ) (√ ) ( )
√
=(2.7655)(0.725)(2.7655 – 0.715)
Equating corresponding unit vectors; for i
=4.111(3dp) 0=
√
Minimum value t=
√
=(2.7645)(0.715)(2.7645 – 0.725) Distance moved by P = VP.t
= 500 x
=4.031(3dp) √
= 64km
Range of values = 4.031≤ N1N2(N1 – N2)≤ 4.111 Distance moved by Q= VQ.t

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 = 600 x
√ √ √
= 76.82km
(b) New speed beyond which the aircraft √ √
Q must fly in order to avoid collision.
For collision to occur at point O, when OQ and
Solution OP are perpendicular.

Let vo = critical value of the speed of Q for Distance covered by P = OP

collision to take place
=100sinθ

=100x = 64km
√

Distance covered by Q = OQ

=100cosθ

=100x = 76.822km
√

At point of collision, N; rP = rQ (b) Let v0 = critical value of speed of Q

( ) ( ) (√ ) ( )
√

Equating corresponding unit vectors

For i; ……………(i)
√

For j; Considering triangle OPQ

√

t=
√

Substituting t in equation (i)

( ) ( )
√ √ √

v0 = 708.965kmh-1

Hence the speed of Q must be 708.965kmh-1

Method II: Geometric approach

tanα = => α = = 50.19440
O
Considering triangle NPQ

√ √

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Using sine rule; = 0.005
( )

( )
( )

( )
=

Hence the speed of Q must be 708.965kmh-1 P(0< z < ) = 0.495

16. (a) The chance that a cow recovers from a =2.576
certain mouth disease when treated is
Confidence interval =
0.72.If 100 cows are treated by the same √

vaccine, find the 95% confidence limits for Lower limit = 5.6 -2.576x =5.2136
√
the mean number of covers that recover.
Upper limit = 5.6 + 2.576x
Solution √
=5.9864
=np = 100 x 0.72 = 72
Hence 99% confidence interval is
√ √ = 4.49
5.2136≤μ≤ 5.9864
The(1 – α)% confidence interval is given (ii) The probability that the taxis were
by ages between 5.4 and 5.8 years.
√
1 – α = 0.95
Solution
α = 0.05
f Let x = ages of taxis
v
P(0< z < ) = 0.475 P5.4<x< 5.8)= P( )
=1.96 =P(-0.133<z<0.133)
Since the sample mean is not given, we
use z =
 -1.96 =
x1 = 63.2
1.96 =
x2 = 80.8 P(-0.133<z<0.133)=2P(0<z<0.133)
= 3 x 0.0529
Hence the confidence limits are (63.2, 80.8)
= 0.1058
Hence the probability that the taxis
(b) The ages of taxis on a route are were of ages between 5.4 and
normally distributed with standard 5.8years is 0.1058
deviation of 1.5 years; a sample of
100 taxis inspected on a particular day
gave a mean age of 5.6years.
Determine
(i) A 99% confidence interval for the
mean age of all taxis that operate on
the route
Solution
1 – α = 0.99
Thank you
α = 0.01
Dr. Bbosa Science

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