SCENARIO

Waterfront Cinema is located on a busy leisure park and has eight projection screens. The Cinema’s

workforce is made up of a manager, two team leaders and 20 other workers. Many of the workers are

young people who work on a temporary contract during evenings and weekends.

Waterfront Cinema was previously independently owned and run. However, it has just been purchased

by Future Cinema Corporation (FCC) - a large nationwide cinema chain. Their corporate headquarters

has a central health and safety department; this department has:

• A group health and safety director who is responsible for developing the cinema chain’s health

and safety strategy

• three regional health and safety managers (RHSMs) who are each responsible for ensuring the

health and safety strategy is rolled out across all cinemas and managing a team of 5 health and

safety advisers;

• 15 health and safety advisers who travel around the country checking on health and safety

arrangements in all FCC’s cinemas. You are one of FCC’s health and safety advisers.

Everyone in the department has a combination of at least three years’ experience of working in health

and safety and hold qualifications at appropriate levels.

FCC are also very proud of their certification against the ISO 45001:2015 health and safety

management standard. They have also helped the management at other local cinemas to gain

certification against the same standard.

Your RHSM has asked you to go to Waterfront Cinema to carry out a thorough initial health and safety

audit that will take you approximately five days to complete. The Cinema manager has been told to

expect you.

Audit visit
You arrive at the Cinema at 11.00 as they are opening for the day. As you walk through the glass

entrance doors you notice that the doors are dirty, the entrance hall has waste bins that are overflowing,

and there are tickets from the previous week littering the floor. A worker behind the ticket purchase

counter is speaking very loudly on their mobile phone. You walk up to the counter and try to speak to

the worker. They ignore you and continue their conversation. You try to get their attention. The
worker sighs and says that they need to end the call because an annoying customer is waiting. The

worker switches their attention to you and rudely says “What do you want?”. You introduce yourself

and ask to be shown to the Cinema manager’s office. The worker points you in the direction of the

office and then makes another call on their phone.

You knock on the manager’s door and hear someone say, “Go away! I’ve told you I’m not interested

in your problems and I’ve more important things to do!”. You open the door, enter the office, and see

the manager lounging behind their desk, smoking a cigarette, and watching a movie on their laptop.

They hastily extinguish the cigarette, shut the lid of the laptop, and stand up so that they can greet you.

You outline your objectives for your visit, say that you want to start immediately, and ask for a suitable

space to work in. You are told that there is no spare office space so you will have to use a table in the

small break room used by workers.

You give the manager a list of health and safety documents that you will need to review. The manager

leaves the office muttering to themselves, with occasional audible words like ‘burden’ and

‘bureaucracy’. In the meantime, you go to the break room and find a quiet corner away from where

dirty dishes are piled on the work surface above a dishwasher.

The manager comes to see you an hour later and drops a single, thick, file of documents onto the table

you are working at. They found the file on a shelf in their office (having forgotten that it was there).

The manager tells you that this is all the health and safety information that they have and asks you to

kindly not disturb them again today as they are very busy. You ask where the health and safety policy

is displayed and the manager indicates that it is in the folder. You inform the manager that, at some

stage, you will need to interview them, as well as a few of the other workers. The manager replies that

they doubt that they will have time for this and then leaves the room.

You start to look through the file and note that the contents page shows that the health and safety

policy is dated January 2018 and that the only risk assessment was carried out in January 2020. You

notice the front page of the risk assessment has a different cinema name and address. You carry on

reviewing the documents for the next few days.

An accident
It is 16:00 on the third day of your audit. From your desk in the break room, you hear screaming coming
from the entrance hall. You go through to the entrance hall and see a small group of people standing

in a circle around something on the floor. Some of them are simply staring at the floor in silence and

some are screaming and crying. You push through the circle to find a young worker lying unconscious

on the floor. An old wooden stepladder is lying beside them. There is a banner (advertising the next

film to be shown at the Cinema) hanging down from the ceiling. You take charge of the situation and

ask for the bystanders to stand back and give you some room. You seek the assistance of the Cinema

manager or a team leader, but you are told that both the manager and team leader on duty walked out

of the Cinema just after the accident.

None of the Cinema workers have been trained to carry out first aid. However, you are a certified firstaider, so
you ask one of the nearby workers to bring you a first-aid box. While you wait, you examine

the injured young worker and note that they are breathing and have an abrasion on their right arm.

You also call the emergency services. A worker appears with a first-aid box a few minutes later. You

open it but there are just two plasters and a bandage inside. You ask if there are any other first-aid

supplies, but the worker tells you that this box is all there is.

The injured worker is made as comfortable as possible, and they regain consciousness a few minutes

later. You try to keep them calm by reassuring them that an ambulance is on the way. You ask another

worker to clear the entrance hall and to close the Cinema. Members of the public are directed to exit

the building using the fire exits in each auditorium. The ambulance arrives and the paramedics provide

treatment, before taking the injured worker to the hospital. You find out later that the injured worker

had suffered concussion, a broken leg and other minor injuries such as abrasions and bruising.

You try to telephone the Cinema manager, but they do not answer. After multiple attempts you decide

to leave a voicemail message. You then speak to the workers, who are in a state of shock, allowing

them to go home if they want to. However, before they leave, you ask them to write down anything

they can remember about the accident because it will help you investigate it.

The witness
You start talking to one of the workers who directly witnessed the accident. They express their surprise

that anyone will be investigating the accident. They add that the Cinema manager never usually wants

to know when accidents happen and thinks that investigating them is a waste of time.
This witness outlines to you how the accident happened:

Shortly before the accident, they recall the team leader telling the young worker to get the stepladder

and hang the banner from the ceiling. The young worker initially told the team leader that they were

already busy doing a job for the Cinema manager. However, the team leader told the young worker

that the banner hanging task was more urgent.

The young worker had also said that they did not want to use the stepladder. They reminded the team

leader that, two months earlier, another worker had broken their arm falling from the stepladder, while

they had been trying to replace a light bulb. After the accident, everyone knew that the stepladder did

not open fully and wobbled if anyone climbed on to it. Rather than spend money to replace or repair

the stepladder, the team leader made workers use a wedge under one of the feet of the stepladder to

stabilize it and stop it wobbling when climbing onto it.

The young worker had also told the team leader that they were afraid of heights. The team leader had

laughed and told them to stop complaining and to get on with the task. The young worker then asked

the team leader if there would be someone to help them to keep the ladder steady, but were told that

everyone else was too busy to help. The team leader threatened to report the young worker to the

Cinema manager if they did not get on with the job immediately. After this comment, the young worker

anxiously assured the team leader that they would get the job done quickly and efficiently. This seemed

to please the team leader, who then left the scene.

You ask the witness why the threat of being reported to the manager would have made the young

worker change their mind about using the stepladder. The witness tells you that the Cinema manager

has a reputation for dismissing workers from their jobs for the most trivial things.

The witness goes on to say that they saw the stepladder wobble as the young worker was stretching

to attach the loops on the banner to the hooks in the ceiling. At the same time, a child bumped into

the stepladder while running towards an accompanying adult. This caused the stepladder to topple

over as the wooden wedge under the foot of the stepladder was dislodged.

As the witness starts to walk away you ask them one final question about the health and safety

training that they have received. They just say “None” and walk away.
Solutions Task 1 to Task 7
Task 1: Emergency response
Question 1
Answer According to the scenario

As per information presented in the scenario about waterfront cinema, following

steps were taken by the health & safety advisor of ‘FCC’ to effectively managing the
emergency related situations.

1. In order to effectively manage emergency situation, health

& safety advisor instructed the workers to stand-back as workers
were blocking the access of injured young worker at waterfront
cinema.
2. Team-leaders & cinema-managers of waterfront cinema
were reporting authorities and they leave the accident place,
health & safety advisor contacted with them many times to
effective manage emergency related situation of young worker,
but no response come from cinema manager side.
3. As there was no availability of the trained first-aider in
waterfront cinema, so health & safety advisor (as certified first-
aider) was asking the working employees to bring the first-box
in young worker accident location.
4. Health & Safety advisor was doing examination of the
young injured worker and find-out that injured young worker
was breathing and also find-out that injured worker had bruises
on his right arm location.
5. Emergency service was being called from the side of health
& safety advisor so that effectively management of emergency
situation of young worker accident would be possible.
6. Young injured worker was comforted by the designated
health & safety advisor when become consciousness and also
young worker was assured by advisor that ambulance was called
& on his way of coming.
7. Health & Safety Advisor was giving instructions to
another worker of waterfront cinema to close the cinema on
urgent basis and also clear the entrance hall location with
objective that paramedic can able to reach there with ease.
8. with the help of usage of fire-exits, public was provided
with facility to do escaping from the building of cinema in each
of the auditorium.
9. Young injured worker was giving treatment by the
paramedic and also young injured worker was taken to the
hospital location for extensive treatment.
10. Health & Safety Advisor was making calls to the to the
designated cinema manager many times, but no response comes
from side of cinema manager, so, health & safety advisor was
leaving voice-note for cinema manager of waterfront cinema.
11. Health & Safety advisor was asking to the witnessed
workers to write down all the detailed of the young worker
accident which they know and also advisor was giving
permission to workers to go home as workers were in shocked
state too.
12. Health & Safety advisor was talked to the witnessed
workers to get maximum information from them about the
accident of the young worker and also it assisting in
investigation of the accident.
Task 2: Culture
Question 2
Answer According to the scenario
Following below given points are showing negative health & safety indicators in under consideration
waterfront cinema workplace
1. No health & safety training was received to workers of waterfront cinema, which is showing negative
health & safety culture.

2. Poor housekeeping arrangements were observed at the waterfront cinema which depicted from dirty
glass entrance doors, overflowing waste bins of entrance hall and last week tickets were scattering to floor area
premises.

3. Lack of resources provision highlighted at the waterfront cinema which evident from fact that no
suitable work-space provided to do work for health & safety advisor and even stepladder was not
changed/replaced.

4. An emphasis given to the work rather than health & safety execution which depicting from the
response of cinema manager as he asked health & safety advisor not to disturb him further as he is engaged in
his work and even not willing to give interview.

5. Waterfront cinema health & safety policy was not displayed and only present in the folder, which is
indicator of negative health & safety culture.

6. Waterfront cinema poor management system/procedures observed as health & safety policy was
outdated (January 2018) and risk assessment was carried out in January 2020.

7. Risk assessment document which was using in the waterfront cinema was made for another cinema
and thus, not showing real hazards, which is showing negative health & safety culture.

8. In waterfront cinema, no one was available to take charge of the situation when accident taking place
with the worker while doing job of hanging the banner advertisement.

9. Unavailability of trained first-aider in waterfront cinema to carry the first-aid to the injured/affected
worker, is negative indicator of health & safety.

10. Inadequate things first-aid box available in the waterfront cinema, which was only having bandages &
plasters and other mandatory things were missing such as ‘disposable gloves & safety pins etc.’

11. Observing lack of commitment from the top management towards execution of health & safety as both
cinema manager & team-leader walked out after occurrence of accident with the worker and even cinema
manager not answering upon call of health & safety advisor.

12. Cinema manager never wants to find-out reason of accident at waterfront cinema and considering
investigation of the accident to be waste of time only, which is negative indicator of health & safety.

13. Workload was observed as young worker was already engaged in his work, but he was forced by
team-leader to do hanging job of banner with the ceilings.

14. Peer-group pressure being observed in waterfront cinema because young worker was not willing to
make use of unstable poor condition stepladder but he was enforced by the team-leader to do job on immediate
basis and even ignored young worker of phobia about working at height.

15. Team-leader threatens the young worker to complete the work of advertisement banner hanging as
soon as possible, otherwise he will report to the cinema manager, which is indicator of poor health & safety
culture.

16. Cinema manager is not taking any interest in the problems of working employees of waterfront
cinema and he was heard that cinema manager was scolding the worker when advisor was entered to the office
premises.
17. Young worker workplace was not barricaded which highlighted from fact that child was child was
bumped into stepladder during his running there, which leads to topple-over of the step-ladder ultimately.

18. Safe system of work was not ensured during the work execution of young worker who was hanging
the banner advertisement, which highlighted from the use of unstable poor work condition stepladder usage.

19. Health & Safety was receiving lower priority than work as cinema manager was considering health &
safety audit to be a burden only, as he was observed in muttering words related to it e.g. bureaucracy &
burden.

20. Observed lack of leadership in waterfront cinema location which highlighted from fact that cinema
manager was not know that where health & safety documents being present and taking almost one-hour of time
frame to find these documents for the health & safety advisor.

21. Safety measures related to healthy meal were not taken as dirty dishes were seen to be pile-up in the
break room premises of waterfront cinema.

22. Cinema manager was not willing to give interview to the health & safety advisor and giving excuse of
busy schedule, which highlighting poor health & safety culture.

23. It is considered as negative indicator of health & safety that cinema manager of waterfront cinema was
having repute of dismissing the working employees over trivial things such as complaints about health &
safety associated issues of the workplace.

24. Complaints/requests of the young worker was not addressed by the team-leader like fear of working at
height and force to do work, which is indicator of negative health & safety culture.

25. No assistance provided to the young worker as he was asking about it, thus, he has do work alone in
making use of stepladder, which highlighting poor health & safety culture.

26. Active monitoring system was not ensured during the working of young worker as he was performing
duty as lone-worker in making use of ladder.

Task 3: Health and safety management systems – awareness

and communication
Question 3
Answer According to the scenario
Below given are the evidences which indicating that waterfront cinema has failed to
communicate about the outputs & about requirements of health & safety management systems to
working employees of organizations:

1. Waterfront cinema workers were not provided with health & safety training session is
considered as evidence for failure.

2. No communication provided to workers about faulty stepladders issues and workers

know about faults of considering stepladder from the accident.

3. No verbal communication given to the young workers of the waterfront cinema from the
side of team-leaders & cinema managers about risks of the daily-basis on-going activities & also
including high-risk activities associated hazards in cinema.
4. By considering the poor response of the employees of waterfront cinema right after
accident with the young worker, no toolbox-talks session given to the workers about health &
safety awareness.

5. Written form health & safety policy of waterfront cinema was not given to the working
employees as health & safety policy was only available/present in the folder section.

6. Likewise, risk assessment document was not given to the working employees and risk
assessment document was only present in the folder section.

7. Work related safety procedures written manuals were not given to the working employees
which evident from fact that young worker was doing his job without barricading the area and
also making use of unsafe stepladder to do banner hanging job.

8. Specific work description document was not provided to the workers of waterfront
cinema which highlighted from fact that young worker was not showing willingness to do
working at height job.

9. No displaying of barricade signs in young worker area premises to avoid entry of

unauthorized persons during young worker banner hanging task execution, as child was bumped
into step-ladder which result in topple-over of this step-ladder.

10. There was no displaying of the caution signs in the vicinity banner hanging work by
young worker.

11. Health & Safety Policy as well Risk Assessment document of waterfront cinema was not
being displayed on notice-board of cinema organization in brief manner for awareness of
workers.

12. There were seeing no displaying of the posters of health & safety in waterfront cinema
e.g. no display of the posters about emergency procedure for awareness purpose, which evidence
from the response of workers when accident take place with the young worker.

13. Reporting system about incidents of the waterfront cinema were not communicated to the
workers.

14. Needs of housekeeping in the waterfront cinema was not communicating to the workers
which depicting from presence of dirty doors, overflowing waste-bin and tickets spreading to
floor.

15. First-aid provision related arrangements were not communicated to workers, which
highlighting just after accident through use of communication medium.

Task 4: Top management commitment

Question 4 (a)
Answer According to the scenario
Top management commitment effectiveness towards health & safety of Future Cinema Corporation (FCC) is
evident from below given comments:

1. Future Cinema Corporation (FCC) corporate headquarter was containing central health
& safety department which consisting of three regional health & safety managers, head & safety
director’s group & fifteen health & safety advisors, all are performing their role related to health
& safety there.

2. Group of health & safety directors of Future Cinema Corporation (FCC) responsible to
develop cinemas chain health & safety strategy. Moreover, this strategy of health & safety
cinemas chain effectiveness indicating from the presence of ISO 45001:2015 management
system certificate.

3. Regional health & safety managers of Future Cinema Corporation (FCC) are responsible
for implementing health & safety strategy in effective manner and also ask the health & safety
advisor to do audit of considering waterfront cinema, all these steps evident commitment level of
regional health & safety managers.

4. Regional health & safety managers of Future Cinema Corporation (FCC) are showing
their commitment by managing health & safety advisors team in successful manner.

5. Health & Safety Advisors of Future Cinema Corporation (FCC) shown commitment of
them by travelling in the country to verify presence of all required health & safety arrangements
in cinemas of FCC’s chain.
6. All the working representatives in Future Cinema Corporation (FCC) were possessing at-
least three years of working experience, which indicating competency of them in terms of
experience.

7. In Future Cinema Corporation (FCC), all working representatives were having

appropriate qualifications as per demand of their duty.

8. Health & safety commitment is shown as Future Cinema Corporation (FCC) was holding
health & safety management system certification ISO 45001:2015.

9. Future Cinema Corporation (FCC) also helping other cinemas management

representatives how to achieve certifications of this standard (ISO 45001:2015), which shows
commitment of organization and also organization is setting as bench-mark for other local
cinemas,

10. Future Cinema Corporation (FCC) management has sent health & safety advisor in
considering waterfront cinemas in order to perform initial audit there, which is highlighting
commitment of corporation.

11. Designated health & safety advisor in Future Cinema Corporation (FCC) was fulfilling
his duties with dedication & professionally when visited waterfront cinema for audit, and even
he was not welcomed during audit task, shows his commitment level.

12. Health & Safety advisor was trained/certified to handle the situations of emergencies, and
he was sent in waterfront cinema to find-out flaws through conducting audit there, so that safe
system of work would be ensured there by addressing these risks/hazards.
13. As accident occur with the young worker during banner hanging work, designated health
& safety advisor follow all mandatory steps to ensure effective investigation such as taking
interviews of witnesses & taking written statements of witnessed workers.

14. Health & Safety Advisor was seeing the documents of waterfront cinema to evaluate
these and finding out that both policy & risk assessment document was outdated. Thus,
improvement be made by revising these documents.

Task 4: Top management commitment

Question 4 (b)

Possible actions which labor inspector may take after accident

happening with the young worker during banner hanging task, are
followings:

1. Prohibition letter may be issued by the labor inspector against the

cinemas organization after accident happenings with the young worker.

2. Waterfront cinema management may face prosecution upon advice

of labor inspector due to non-compliance with health & safety standards.

3. Notice may be get issued against waterfront cinema due to non-

compliance's which have been found at the workplace.

4. Fines may be get imposed upon management of waterfront cinema

after prosecution which have been imposed by the
designated labor inspector.

5. As consequence, responsible management representative of

waterfront cinema may even go to imprisonment or jail after prosecution
imposing by concerned labor inspector.

6. Labor inspector may ask for submission of their action-plans to get

compliance with health & safety standards in considering waterfront
cinema workplace.
7. In waterfront cinema, labor inspector may writing comprehensive
report to the concerned authorities, which highlighting all the observed
non-compliance's.

Task 5: Administrative control measures

Question 5

In order to prevent the happening of accident again, following

administration controls should be applied in waterfront cinemas
workplace on priority basis:

1. Update and review of waterfront cinema health & safety policy on

priority basis.

2. Revise & reviewing of risk assessment document of under

consideration waterfront cinema.

3. In clear manner, there should be displaying of the health & safety

policy & risk assessment document in cinema workplace for the working
employees and also for the public coming to cinema.

4. Preparation of specific job safety document for high-risk activities

like working at height work execution in the waterfront cinema.

5. Update and prepare all the corresponding procedures for waterfront

cinema in order to get safe system of work there.

6. Performing investigation of the accident which take place with the

young worker while doing banner hanging activity and also doing
investigation of previous accidents, so that underlying/root causes
highlighted & addressed.

7. Introducing effective accidents/incidents/near-misses reporting

system in under discussion waterfront cinema so that all of these
unforeseeable events recorded & addressed properly.

8. Introduction of regular toolbox-talks (TBT) in waterfront cinemas

workplace especially for high-risk activities (like banner hanging
activity) so that risks & safety measures of these communicated to the
workers.

9. Placement of safety signs as well as ensuring area barricade while

performing high risks works in waterfront cinemas such as
advertisement banner hanging activity.

10. Having introduction of strict supervision system in under

consideration waterfront cinemas so that it can be ensured that all the
working employees doing their duty in safe manner.

11. System of health & safety committee meetings in regular manner

needs to be conducted in waterfront cinemas in which issues of workers
highlighted and management take safety measures to resolve these
issues.

12. General health & safety training should be provided to the workers
of waterfront cinemas which enables them to create awareness about
safety measures implementation.

13. Conducting emergency drills in workplace of waterfront cinema

which enabling working employees of cinemas to do situation
management in case of an emergency.

14. In waterfront cinemas, lone working should be prohibited for the

high-risk activities such as working at height activity as accident take
place with the young worker when he was doing duty as lone worker and
even he ask for ‘buddy system’ but team-leader refused.

15. In waterfront cinemas, team-leaders, cinema manager & worker at

the ticket counter should be given with empathy training session.

16. In making use of CCTV cameras, ensuring continuous manner

monitoring in waterfront-cinema.

Task 6: Individual and job factors

Question 6 (a)
Below given are the individual factors which influencing the behavior of
affected injured young worker in waterfront cinema:

1. Competency of Injured Worker: Consideration of following points

while defining competency:

• No provision of training to affected injured young worker.

• Under consideration worker was inexperienced, as he was young

and having fear to do working at height due to less experience factor.

• Affected injured young worker was found to be hesitant in

performing advertisement banner hanging activity and thus demanding
buddy system provision from the team-leader, which highlighting poor
ability of him.

• Affected injured young worker having some knowledge about

faulty unsafe step-ladder but not having knowledge related to system of
work execution as he didn’t barricade the banner hanging area & even
not placing safety signs.

2. Risk Perception of Injured Worker: As accident take place in the

past by making use of this step-ladder, and knowing this has increased
the risk perception of affected injured young worker and he was
considering that same unforeseeable event will occur with him.

3. Attitude of Injured Worker: Attitude of affected injured young

worker towards health & safety is considered as positive as he was
constantly raising his concerns about health & safety measures & unsafe
condition of stepladder.

4. Skills of Injured Worker: Considering skills of affected injured

young worker, it was observed that young worker was unable to handle
the situation of wobbling stepladder. Moreover, wooden wedge placing
done below ladder but injured worker unable to manage it, showing
less skillfulness of young-worker.

5. Personality of Injured Worker: Affected injured young worker was

afraid of height work and not willing to take the risk of use of faulty
ladder, showing positive aspect of his personality.
6. Motivation of Injured Worker: Under consideration affected
injured young worker was negatively motivated by team-leader who
threatens him, due to which he agree to take risk.

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Question 6 (b)

Below highlighted are job-factors which negatively influencing

behaviour of affected injured young worker in waterfront cinema:

1. Task: Task was involving stretching of affected injured young

worker when doing hanging of banner in ceiling with help of hooks and
step-ladder was not considered to be safe option to do so as
top-rugs/steps of it used for working.

2. Workload: Overall, workload on affected injured young worker

was rated as ‘HIGH’ because young worker was already engaged in
some other work, but team-leader force him to do banner hanging
activity as soon as possible.

3. Environment: Banner hanging work-space was congested due to

continuous mobility of public in cinema and also a child bump to
considering step-ladder.

4. Display: There was no displaying of the safety signs like barricade-

sign & on-going work-sign, during the execution of banner hang work,
and considering the continuous mobility of public in step-ladder work
area.

5. Controls: Usage of the wooden wedge to considering step-ladder

was inadequate control to stop wobbling and not ensuring enough safety
during work.

6. Working Procedures: No sharing of task-specific procedures done

related to banner hanging work/activity.
7. Timing of task: Banner hanging work happening in busy work-
hours of cinemas where continuous mobility of public/people observed,
which negatively influencing young-worker to accomplish activity on
immediate basis.

8. Ergonomics: Poor ergonomics observed as affected injured young

worker was making use of top-steps of step-ladder (over-reaching) to
access to ceiling area.
Task 7: Risk evaluation
Question 7 (a)
As per given matrix, risk-level between 6-9 rating wouldn’t be acceptable, so will be proving it with
calculation by defining severity & likelihood during use of step-ladder:

1. Likelihood:

Rating likelihood as ‘3’ i.e. ‘Very-Likely’:

Reason:

Considering step-ladder was wobbling, not fully open in most of the cases, working area was not barricaded in
proper way due to which child pump to ladder & wooden wedge was not sufficient to make ladder stable.

2. Severity:

Rating Severity as ‘3’ i.e. ‘Major-Injury’:

Reasons:

In worst case scenario, falling from height while doing banner hanging activity by affected injured young
worker may even fatal i.e. may leads to permanent-disability or may be fatality in worst cases.

Risk Level:

Risk Level = Likelihood*Severity

Risk Level = Very Likely*Major Injury = 3 * 3 = 9 (HIGH RISK)

Result:

Risk level found as ‘9’ in making use of ladder for banner hanging work, which making it ‘unacceptable’ &
‘high-risk work’.

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Question 7 (b)
As per given matrix, risk-level between 1-3 rating would be acceptable, so will be proving it with calculation
by defining severity & likelihood during use of mobile scaffolding:

• Likelihood:
Rating likelihood as ‘1’ i.e. ‘Very-Unlikely’.
Reason: Considering mobile-scaffolding as stable-platform to do banner hang work, easy mobility during wok
possible, guard-railings will be protecting from falling hazard and young worker easily access the assigned
place without stretching.

• Severity:
Rating Severity as ‘3’ i.e. ‘Major-Injury’.
Reason: Catastrophic nature injuries (including permanent disability or fatality) may happen when fall from
mobile-scaffolding when doing banner hanging work to ceilings.

Risk Level = Likelihood*Severity

Risk Level = Very-Unlikely*Major-Injury = 1*3 = 3 (MEDIUM RISK)

Result:
Risk-level is providing indication that ‘Medium Risk’ will relatively control the risk during application of
banner hanging work with help of mobile-scaffolding. Additionally, by making use of ‘safety harness’ during
work, severity will get reduced. So, ‘Low Risk’ will be obtained ultimately. Hence, ‘acceptable’.