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Control Flow and Loops

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Hung Nguyen Vo Khac
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25 views

Control Flow and Loops

Uploaded by

Hung Nguyen Vo Khac
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Control Flow and Loops

Control flow statements and loops are fundamental concepts in Python that allow
developers to dictate the order in which code is executed. These constructs enable the
creation of dynamic and responsive programs, making it possible to perform different
actions based on conditions and iterate over data collections.

Control Flow Statements


Python uses several control flow statements, primarily if, elif, and else, to execute
different blocks of code based on certain conditions. The if statement evaluates a
condition, and if it is true, the associated block of code is executed. The elif (short for
"else if") allows for additional conditions to be checked if the previous if condition was
false. Finally, the else statement provides a default block of code that runs if none of the
preceding conditions are met.
Here’s an example of how these statements work together:
temperature = 30

if temperature > 35:


print("It's really hot outside.")
elif temperature > 20:
print("The weather is nice.")
else:
print("It's a bit chilly.")

In this example, the program checks the temperature and prints a message based on its
value.

Looping Constructs
Loops are used to execute a block of code multiple times. Python provides two primary
types of loops: for and while.
The for loop iterates over a sequence (like a list, tuple, or string). It allows you to
execute a block of code for each item in the sequence. Here’s a simple example:
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]

for fruit in fruits:


print(fruit)

This code snippet will print each fruit in the list.


On the other hand, the while loop continues to execute as long as a specified condition
remains true. An example of a while loop is shown below:
count = 0

while count < 5:


print(count)
count += 1

In this case, the loop will print the numbers 0 to 4. It’s crucial to ensure that the
condition eventually becomes false; otherwise, you risk creating an infinite loop.

Conclusion
Control flow statements and loops are essential for building robust and flexible Python
applications. By mastering these constructs, programmers can create applications that
respond to various inputs and perform repetitive tasks efficiently.

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