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Lecture 1 - Introduction To Scratch

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54 views

Lecture 1 - Introduction To Scratch

Uploaded by

raleena2077
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Scratch

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What is Scratch?
• Scratch is a free programmable toolkit that enables
us to create our own
– Games
– Animated stories and
– Interactive art

• We can share our creations with one another over


the internet

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Games

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Animated stories

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Using the Scratch screen

Block pallet
Adding sounds Stage
Start and
Stop buttons

Scripts area

Resource Area:

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Main components in the Scratch window

Stage:
A large white rectangle in the top-left corner where all the animation appears.

Resource area:
Area where you can choose which sprite or background to work on.

Block Palette:
Contains all the programming blocks that you can use in your programs. They are arranged
into categories including motion, looks, control and so on.

Scripts area
Area on the right-hand side that contains your scripts
Blocks are dragged from the Block Palette into the Scripts Area to build your script.
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Sprites
▪ A sprite is any object that can take the form of shapes and
characters, animals and even a clickable button etc.

▪ A sprite is a small graphic that can be moved independently


around the screen, producing animated effects.

▪ Sprites are controlled by the code blocks.

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Adding sprites to your project

• We can add different sprites to our project from


– the library in scratch (default sprites)
– by drawing our own sprites

• Let’s see how we choose a default sprite from the


sprite library.

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Costumes
• Costumes are alternate appearances of sprites.

• You can see the sprite’s different costumes by clicking on the Costumes tab
just above the Block Palette to the left of your Code Area.

• You’ll see that the different costumes are named and categorized by letters.

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Make sprites walk around
• To make a sprite move around the Stage, you need to use
coordinates. Coordinates are numbers that represent an exact
location.

• The x-coordinate (also called x position) is a number that


represents how far left or right a sprite is on the Stage.

• The y-coordinate (also called y position) is a number that


represents how far up or down a sprite is on the Stage.

Scratch Programming Playground, 2nd Edition (Sample Chapter) © 9/14/20 by Al Sweigart 16


Coordinates

Used together, x and coordinates


indicate the sprite’s precise
location on the Stage.

Scratch Programming Playground, 2nd Edition (Sample Chapter) © 9/14/20 by Al Sweigart 17


Motion blocks
• Many of the blocks in the dark blue Motion category will
change a sprite’s x and y position.

Scratch Programming Playground, 2nd Edition (Sample Chapter) © 9/14/20 by Al Sweigart 18


Events
• Events in computer science are the triggers for making action happen,
like selecting the play button on any screen.

• Events in Scratch are represented by the yellow codes including:


when flag clicked, when sprite clicked, when key pressed and
broadcast etc.

• Broadcasting is the most advanced event in Scratch and helps with


interactions between sprites.

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https://goopenva.org/courseware/lesson/1221/overview
Activity 1- Creating an animation
1. Open the scratch program.
2. Add a suitable background.
3. Add any two sprites that you like and make a small animation.
4. Your sprites should move and change the costumes.
• Hint : Can use the given blocks below to make your animation.

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Activity 2 –Build a band

• Build your own music-inspired Scratch project by pairing sprites with


sounds to design interactive instruments.

• You can choose instruments from the sprite library or create on your
own.

• Use sound blocks and try to make them play more than once using
repeat blocks

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