@ bot i 1 : 1 The theosu of compudabion it Dy broach thad Aeoha WH whith & how effPcically problem wan be golued OF a model of compu lation ; coo an algorithm X Computer Lerentist work wate > mathe ematical abetracti on of compustur catud a model of compuiahion » Pelomata theesuy t dhe ae) of abebact madtburealey mathine 6 tbe’ computadional Grablemt tha tar be Sold usrlagy the machine x Thue absback machina are cabled aeborrata hutomatn jy card to dehyentne the behaviour of arte malic maching mathemati cally Featte autameta axe cacfel modded) for mont Emportent kfade of bly & gle Some of the moct Smpoxrteot kinds! 4. Softiaxe Yor dertgning & checking the behavPowk o4 digrtad exwatresg 2. the Joxical arnecly zn” Yat a ‘yee Compiler . Tt breaks the Tp tat toto tog *ea untty. such ag J Pdentt{ros kay evo nde and punctuation 3, Software for earn ong Lovge boclies a Tent, cuth ag colleckions of web poget do fod of works, pha or othen patterns 4. Softioare for wea lytoy systeons of att tyes thot have a froth Aumbr of Aietocdt stakes, 2, each od communscakion protools od Protewl or cocue exchdye of Yo formalion. OCCU—_—_—— -—we Q ; yeork antematen maclaling an on [off er leb burke x §eitth hac 2 stats | oo and of y the dau ?ce semembert voluthan the suttth uv te Ht. oo State on of steate ‘ x Avra allows the wea to PU fhe bubton x olen dhe user prune plu button the Yfrck duper, on Hu Stety of the cwtteb ‘ Tq {he cioeteh ts oO off clade, thin pring th buh. chaegu tH Lo the on state 4 Tt the cueteh em the on sake thin pruing the Same bukton turn OL to the off otek. : Push, + - \y geay » =a ra : ~ push x Fox abt {ent antordia the stetes cate Seep rue! by ah ches * To the abo\re exceeng\e the etets coe 09 and eff x fra bution the stetes ce labeled by oles. © Ta tha above example both ares cre tnbeted by ts Topud push . that Pa dicorkes User pushing dh butt oo * Si of thes elatr 2c designated ar the eft ak I eherke Uc plaud Tonia eo, the egetem.fxample 9 (3) a A {lotle auteemaben mnadaltag meropaitin oF 4 { then ’ : VT trample fe pant 0} daviea) analyn a a , ' ¥ Te Tob of thus cutemnten ut ia Ketrpron.rd then x Tt aed 5 lates <, the + bach checte Supiaents o different paition i wed then % there Pos" Lions Corduspond to th prelerg t th Woad Aanging from em ply ering do the tom pits Woad. 9 b siete Lw- —— eo @ O + Stee 6) —y Fes +) aa —_yThese Or , 1 Smonatant notations Chal as ool aut c ttematen [ler bub play Tenpoatant aol © 10 (he ¢ tuedy of attomata & thors Appl coDions € Vammnay ee tadul moclols wlio deePqnitng sli we date with a decease chruckun Evample y parser Parra 2s compount of cemprlr tad deals seth the suaivedly ad, Acoctur 4 of the typical Po gramming language For trample: A gramenaticl we (the Eaete Thi Go be forenedl b tala g go aprusios & conneching thes a f& plus 8199- 2. Reguler Expsussioo Tt dunoty he etruc dat Sthogt. Style of thse ¢Xpr ations differs {roo that of grammars €x4- UNIX Style pagel exp session fazicadetd [a23 Caz) rus exp 049109 Su pdusen tould be city & ctate by Thhoca WY [a-z] + Sepa fa2d 4 4 Gath tetlay fore Ae (3 y u Blank charac alone xy > fay aot of proce ding expseenrod tide ot Data, ecpect ally tL patty to tut that alt capital Loftus from AL = ex psuntior Pedraathyis axe usd to gree tomponenil © Hee| Automata au entential fo Bus study of the (Pm tte of computal: on Thou ade a Pmposcaat Totus A tohed cn a Compile do ad all? The etude bs caltd cechdla bel tty. wthe probteh g tha Coo be sblucd og computer ane cabled de Relable 9. poke Can a compulr do efi cient” tthu chudly 2. cabled ©. Lractabel® Y- rThe probleme golucd by & Compubh using ©? mere {me thas some Slow rowing function 94 Owe of She Cp cde cotded bractable”.\ ( | hitomal er @ 1. Cue bal 2s Alphabet 3. St 8g ei. oo L. Language 5 Pswblems Symbol x Syumbals axe end eucerble ob cole 0% entity at cannot be dofPned 3 ¥ Symbols ate aloo of Ql wossd of danguages : J » A sy otal tS Single obj eels such of Gone, o,1,2.,e& . Alpha bet & Ao Alphabed wa fio? be, nen. em@ly od of Suen bals Xloe ue ze Csigena) symbal for ao alphabet J eq'- a> Ethos}, te frat alphabet 2. Fe fob. 2} the sf of alt fowu cage Uttis St segs mbalg Chosen x A gtoeng ts @ fe sequin. of % from cose alghal at J x= ollol 8 ce St ocng + a fos oll, Aa, aba, eke rE om tla broek alphabet Ex- ool, Emely ste a Tle em@ty elsda 0 syenbols. ‘ Eeely stony 4, zero OCCLALNce 4 is the stotey se oc donated ai é Cbpstleo)Pere eee ge ese er renee ree meen reeves rere reeset er geese reenter gfe) eee ) “on ve of a ebuing @ y eagth of a shuing can be atusn bY ntimber o par boas \. eyembolt fo thydet nto i eye ae aambu 4 pac? Lions nol Sa nuenber of By robe Ly &x- oltel qt has Leagll of 5. ating The Gardard cotalior 4 Ying th of Ww Cs (vol oe ecules Conca nation of stocengs xdib we and be etodage x WU deoots the woacakenalir of x and y a , formed by maki + The fhetag Ts forme ing copy o4 % ballot a by a ory 4 a 4 74 % 25 wmpocd of i symbols & y 4 Compoced of § gymbels 4 7 = a, A -Ae 4b [Sy iy thio ny ts Sha Stoui9g of Lecgth eH My = Ar Ar ai b, by BF Ext bak x= Hol y=ooll Te [lolool | yas oell (0! ou glove WO) Sh equation . a : ‘3 -w hale) é Pdeotity feo concalraallionQE IEIIISE!TT Power of ao alplabel \\ 414 2 is an alphabet, ; the cel of abl po Ober af n Page rues 0 alphabet 2 tr warrllteo ad =. vs k le dtounat of doagths Y Tl define ot of 4 16° ong 4 Alete thal ¢ ex 14 g ja bch reer b. cy s faa, aby ac, ba, bbe, © chy 10h x3 faaa anb,aac , 2bO, abb, akc, Aca, Ach, AC, baa, bab, bac, bba, bbe, bbe, bea , beb bec, b cock caa, Cab, cac, tba, chb, cbc, Coa“ aad S0 09 The seb of all stecings own a9 alphabet = 43 duaoled by a po Bxcemple— foly- £E 0,1, 00, 01,(0,U1, 09 9! we can work Pt as ; Coestoai pao) 2a Some mu th we waat to exclude empty sig from sd of Songs then 2t a denote d by zt t. rlys?uz’d Pes Une) ze va | ¥ and EF aa 9g cif foent things ZATt wu alphabet with no® q,b&C as Symbols. a \ ES - a ots with mem ber os a,b &C of Linglh 4 3 feb(SL a =ee.. \ language @ ! A-set-of all of -tolrtelrane chow for Soo F tolane #06 a alphabet STL Cs seh of ghoeragg over [favh afiphabd Janguage r loaguage _ . Yr na Longer D for ont calphobel 7 + > {he comply Panguage Sc}, tte fanguage Cons CCH of onl ita enol calplnbet stag Sur also a language ou acy pot & #4e4 _y Thun Ts ne oka gs {ey “This hal ore stated €x of Bang uragy _ Athe Language of alt 4oengs conristing of nos followed by 1's 4e2 Some H%.0 en thy {é.0!, coll, Cooltl--- § a asd ot Leanaey not hore Value tc. prime tio, ", tor, TH, loll, ay 3. 6¢ o¢ gtouings of of B14 wth qual oot of earl, {€, 01,10, cath ties, olol, (09, tol, § “+4 “Tyee of Looguages AG Rogertor fanguage -j2 aceepled by fenrte etatr machrow. ay 2 Context fro donguay e - Acc 3. Decidable Jang ‘ ng oo 2 Dabl js |e aceeptal by SFr ear dau dable Langudye is machene op tack b pushdiowen AutomatePanbleow A porcoblemy ce the question o la . { derbi. Ie parkeceelor Langerage en ae I Ets an alphabed L ws Sanguaye over f then the pouoble on pts +ttuen a Seng wte Zt, dactde pobdic, ex nck w ts fab L > The fintte etate machine ts aro cabled fark Automate if @ compuhing device ngohech aceoptt a gtsu ag toput and poco Leer the Oufpat accept o4 seep ect ~-Y Automaton % a goutk wooxd polech ay Machina + eg of foarte auto mata A. Betrrentarste 4eorh acute mete (DEAT 2. Non Aekerenfnt otic feorte a deoodta CU 3. Non Retr miniche feorte cretomala & more CE-nicA] A em@oretic Pentti. ceecte matte eee TL t 5 tufle o% quirtifle Pnetieating 6 comport M- (Oe, bd qo.F) Q> Set of all states Z -Copud Alphabote Saat 3] . xt sto § =s Tr anattios uo ction from OnE > Q. Jot Awd state (Pottial ctate boy Feaal etate4 BIN a mathematical madd oF ae wohdely used comp ule ecu re and olbe fields for secoga ing patinn to 13% he mato advaclage od pra 48 thal et euy Nealon Pople meal as [he traactio9 function ay feeble deleoed b Ale audomafen's behavtour BS Comeletely dalryn?aed by oty Current stoke pplicatrons of DEA aa J Language secogn® ioo C cybo Securit 2 Compiler Surg > Paflon eran 3 Terk prowating 8. Bidony val fo UY. Velwosk protocols 5 foxical Analysis ioe on He ta chs +e came BFA emuge ans? tion 4, Detexen®atsHe — tev exactly oe t i et te doa evo @[p Symbol fon sha state $2 at ©. She “le syne 9. Feat 1 Tt has feat, 107 o fede and dye determin siic aod feavte aceept o¥ suyed! Rhee sf xing fiead etate mac lene td ) bo tt es Automata Tt may 3 hep the delerendarshe -~ Hew a AFA process sieings x le Languagé of BEA deeds poh By the sef of ash ohsPogs taf tle SFA aceepte ¥ Suppase % % Qn Ua Sequin of Pp spenbols + Bema Shoots yeeth elat stale do.et SCF oo (13) Vion pol oud nolabioas Then tue CRY ance 4, function f : Nae ag lion d @ Tey Clad (Pedi af cat, a. + fret lp Ty 9d crete Toe : feeling woth mert Pp Sambo a re dC dia ae Cont tae, 2 Oo two a. Ro the manne. Swe ge Se of etaker oq + TrangHos OC4e4,a2)-9> fos coke? <4 do 48 member QE ie fend cteate eh Ce ee ane theoa, M2. ag ade Hu t(p actepied Leas Root 2k ee xepected) 4 Examéles & DEA that acegls ave & Only Bla Strings of o's & a's thet have the Sequin of Boens Wola 7 7. stoary . li + hoe cao ww x2te the Pang rage i ag {role 25 of the form xoly fas ony x by consisting of os & ANS onty Naot wo fo ose thin st Using padacn cles % ay ty tha Aeft a the verrtical bar vs 2 f noly {> & { eek ane Sf dags of o's EASYx ay Ba ha got Elmmpleo Mela bon jr Or Als oO - ' Thar are tion pir urd an labioas 1. Transition Brag.rany 9 Transition Table Trntbion Aiagsany The transition Avago 0 Ara has 2 sale I. &4, ¥ Thae ane og eps Symbols O and 4 x S4atd ghacks 2% nop xu cated Wing ao arreo mark not originating from ant Stale ad Aabeted start % The [tral shecler re Hep sageted by 2 cincker wif Gyo ¥ The Jrccansitio> from state g.on fle syeakol 2 (0 Si supose sted by a die - od) edge onsgractio) fro stale d ard enclny iy ciate p voit Jobel o QO) Transetion Table Represented using 2 Hovsk Zo &4, flu 2 ¢[p fgmbola 0 61 Cordttpord to five Coltecnng Tle Gort etede is Pdantifred by putting as avo with diode towods 2% 9h The final sect okt seuepdeseded by putlig raat (25) by the Hat of stocks foo 4 4p, 0 "4 4, 4 ee equutualint Lraasitiod iy Supsatentid | by waiting pain Xow | ond 4 > lian 6 8 +4 P xp ¢T Xap 6 lab ° A & take fo. polreck PLL oS “i a 2 Rye n't TTP Shemp. | M brace? lion So clself $2 alt £h 4 therm °S no ed to 44 1 on Chooses {oom Z anc coulted Bap shee Re {eral coher ke Ext- aie t / b NS) & ~eta 5 (40) —* (4) Ad » )ab 4, \ 4,4, vb fa 4.\4, 1 (13) , t, da 1. Cab 15 t, 1, Hoe Fs bap otecke Aes acduantey on o-} BER wo Const suncling Some of Pe ALA UV Ver idle 4 bt fh e the BEA cannot why abouk ht ef HW ¥ BER es not very powurd » AL any portnt tiene Pe ALA 44 19 onby onc Slat go a AEA docrnst have Bu powwr de be % Several eteds af once The Language of BEA mM: [email protected] 4s, fF) Ths Langragts Denoted by LOM), and defiand by £Om)= 40 (§ C40, ts tok) ~H L & £m) fox Sone AFAA, then we say 4 ta seg cables Jarguage -y The Jang sg e of M w sd the gicad gral Jo to Om © accephy etaky of arDT | a ¥ DEA stead an “Ip gt Sting ont segembol ala time ee rele lo the Ct areas of te 0 Computation ® $e Dee tas only one path fo epecific alp from : fe cusuot stake to the mext dake ® BEA Bou not cecopt the null move it BEA cannel change ¢tecte without any i[— herad + BEA can contain muthiple firal tle fis * BEA 48 und to Bor? col Aealyass °, comptlen Ex'

Not acugtd if not secclaing the feral ted ey’ 4-{o47 XD) (no shay) p-4ey + @® t tal =-y AED) pre ro 0% eS 1-46 a, Aa, 294 y _ GSe* MoT “- elateys Sepercls on ding t of staing no* of gteles = jrcostusy| tt Orn | Lo acup!ene eettta nes Probleme oo DLA ae , 1 oon tw PLA to acapl ‘long of ale & ble tnd Cog wet abb \ Lad k L Io“ ¥4, ig, 44, ) * 7 \e \ ° ; . b de or eb boxe} 0% +44, { cai bPab 4 4, V2 Pu 4s Is 1, do Shoo He cequuen eu of move mols by Ara for the stating aabb. ,aaba 9+ Brow o DEA to accept ch 3Xing of ok 6 bls lel. do ant end wtb the otatrg oabl oO fa 6 3) 4. 4, te “4 4, do - “to 4, 43 a 13 0 do ay Poow a PEA 4o ceceepl — o's & EIS heuiay aubel boy ac a b ae ah a a on A, 12 o 49 “Y » 4. 42 ly 43 4%¢ & "10 4 Lo “4, 4, ‘to ‘tL i 13 13 q; 13 { ey? -5 ee Sek 4 na © Braw a BEA fo aceept staiy o4 omen ~~ shee cowed ve Of \ t S 4, 4 to Ye: te a 12 do s 13 4% ) Brow o PEA fo acuph stouy °4 eau Heat }. fawal we Cre) gi Ae 262g 4 é (Ag) Teett Us oo PEA Fo acuel iri? ©) © ehue 07,0} fos &bS _ a with ab 0 Fa = Ape os joctosy'a () l 2) é u la ab ht AY 4s dey Ae BY fo Yo 4, 4, 4, KO / : b (G5 (4 y 4 Vy 1: a WAY 12 U » q _— 7 y aa & obfaco a AEA to acups Gh afoae of als & pls having four als yolure ; (ae a by gost ’ Bes Yo ct fede ED) obteko a AEA +o acupt hin sof s ce el odd not of & 2's begipnty witha 'd 4 Jaltocd u's ond endir wtith a 2. ont x Ae SDHOYG wi \ tL Le oN ™ diad |brap stadt Ole (@ obla?o o OF jo acupt t¥4 of as bbls with ad mort two a dis | OD éi g “ C ( @ oblate a Orn 40 aceeel Fring of do & 4% ° 0 {wo os & ¢a Din weeth Cheating with al beagl _ 4 al Leovt Jw 1's 0 at ( / | i ~ j i : A Aon \ Oo, \ oO 4 \ 1{/q~ + 4p) «A } fy) 12) X(Ly) ACU pe \ A 5 —K O 1, ) p-fulweé colt } TD) AeA to aceept Phe Language Ce “y L={wbably etaby 7 ae @ arth to aceeg! shsing of nol mort than 30'S b b b b ob BGO Vee { wena) fs. we fa by” as GEIS havingcc Dales ee BEA!” h bh Y Oma a OFA to aceepl atring consishog of ALtasl one ‘a! z 1 on Obral Slats Ma {oy i Y tinal stecte ca Rf ety ‘ 4, 4, #7 \ a (4 { )o a “Fy 1, 4 d Lo fa, aacac bon f Aarinrsyor PfLinaxt, we fay f 2 Brow a AEA Lo ceeael ehsung orf a's & b's witth atharl one a’ b @ mo )O,b : {46+ a )¥ je fab Z~ fay 7p % Vo R= {40.49 ad ce qo-r faPtiad etal q,-1 Penal stot £- 4095 ral wd pe te 3+ Brow aPea to actept strings of a's & bs having exactly ore a ’ oe T)Y Tap stoke ab 5 oy Z- {a,b 49, 4, I Q- £40494 *d 4% 4 Jo enetiad etedke oe 17 feaa) stat J {Vial I, 0 cowl haoEOr--UmUmUmUm uy oblarn a BEA orth Bhs ah mings of o's Bale teat 4 wrth ring ab = ab a3) +4) >(4,\¥ ) y (ok Cy arrest 2 pt z-Laby 7q 4, 4% QU, 454 % 4 th Gov eehied gtate dQ 4, Oh 4, 45 rz) a4 Fond) steke 4 obteus BA with stoung o's and U5 ending ith ab b ae ion _- : 6. b re fo, by + Jo 4 Io Gy te Q= {4.4 44 *% 4d, to oo tothe) steth ! “7 Cra) ohedte ch gat pea be Q= 101 bY Ex dort go | ya a b b C & *c bc Construd REA using above Alotf ela / « {at y Soilia o onl r (pate ¢ elals Oo OR te Ab) HC 1 0 : @ puiqn Den witb & Loay accept those ot Sui ogs hich elerks woth 4 and encls wrth oO L-{ie, toc, Jolo, 44100 .- \ Monin Liev Hy 05 of suing io 2 prod} taker = mia Langth 1 ( = atl 3 oo OQ @r ! a /Q~ () Yb £ % E-{o ly 42 o R= 496,414. t q 45 2, q, <1 SP tial sta 7 h 4, Ig7 Final ste Low 4 4121 Bead! Trapsteck 13 q, 5 @ Borgo BEA with Zado,c} acti ever no? of ols & buen no™ of 4'$ t-{ooll, too, (oie, olel. . ¥. 0 5 a oO Us + 10 ( { 4, \ \ es sft (BY : Uh, L 7 oO 1, 106 45 41 Yo 4 élati of yea eet a o's & bvten net of 1's 5 qa + Stock of odd nef of 4.4 etek o odd act of qry ged o's & Een 07 of iy ols & odd not 44S of CVI mot of oS & odd arf of 45' Evam@e 4: Oblate a REA 4o actopl af af og of even aumbel of ag Slen, 2 dio Wy hae ¢ven no% of a's} ¢ atertes od odd no” a dent ity the no% of the ¢ sing W may have even no* of als, of als & Herater 9 follorotng five casts XCoue 0% Shstings that acaps Cven no* of ols fe denoted by: €) Shotage that acpi: odd nox of a's es dunetid by © Ident ]y the staat sto 6 {nal set any of the te eq mbols, no™ of as x Case f% Before seadling Lefl{ be Zero that supraent Even als. > Bo, the stake E wshth even 90” of a eert state. ig Pe the ud to atupt even nor of alg the > Is suqut etek & wolich acupl even aot of ols % the final eet Burge: f [inal gterfu ore edentified one the ehoah Stele dhe ransrHon Cao Fron a etek E, 00 searching a X20) als & hinte change do odd atate 0. the pantiton 28! GCE, a)z O° be early obtained rerlts % odict mot ofa 6 “Trem a shalt 0, On reacting a nerettr SO even mnt of ate & hence charge fo oGon otatel ihe Lrancttron we Fla. -E athe BFA H:COES, oF) Q- {b.e4 5 {at f a ° ° P- thewn 29 bane? Hon diagsam P a. oe steite F=Xey Ata 40 obtain odd aot of a's tan be ob tatsed by makeing O state w finab atate & © fate apthe Sioad stab teat ~ g i =Q_ © a Bat obtaro a DFA to cceepd the fangeuage L-fu: lol mod S208 bobste z= fat. ped lol mod 52 0¥ , this Sade cos the Langevag € Bln: eu Ct Eddings OY multiple of 3a's Tduntify the _oo* of stale | LUC Jul mod 3 Kebulls to three carer: Coge O -. Resabts Po sumatadir oO. | the stake tS edonti fied U fo: Go) case As Retutty To Xemeebrcler 1. the ctate Ps Pdintifed of 4). @ cade 2° Regebts CO Aemaincla 2. The stebs 0c Paeotrfied we, @)° eee Tcbeottfy We sort late & feval deta Beet reading anu lp cst of i Co ommd 3° O. this To fle Cate ao aad the alls qo 2 the chart state Sil Ts nequired fo Accept fing 030! Wlered 3:0, Cate, ond cine 7, ffl final shel © Ceateo) durotid by 4 tndin Vccutes) . dinotod by 4). VE i: vem @ Sete softy Aemaindis 1. denoted by 41. oO i ° 7 dead QA Sortts Pq dteraindd | dirated *y _ &, P41 ,,a)=9, TP From a stat worth Simandx 2. Quast by a / ©9 dead a 7 4 ao deel a Simard 6, denoted by Lo Le, F424, Sethe DEA [email protected],8.9,,6) % aefined as Q= {0a a,4 z~ fay £1 the panittes ale chowe wieg Bagram below. bea a na OQ) OM e- cteat ef eck f a F-X4o4 4, | Y q | te da) 7ne pocklen pra Glas fa) 1 pole 4 (rx 4d)medk ee ye the radix of *[¢ { © © fa ie: Fe the Nemaindenr obtained alt diviag k Aw deparctent At ti 4 qi for benaty A fo, 1k Kas Ps the Suter ‘ Stepe fo b reps pe followed | Using \hee ype of problems Seep ds Tato Hye adi 4 ive { aadrx, le alplabels the dived Q: compute the pocrsble emaradeu. Thee sumiadvs supactent the ated of BFA 31 Find the Lranti tions using 47, OY woh j= (x xtta) modk ens (patvud BEA slg transitions abtaiaed fo ops ra yolich acupu stung of string 26 paprsent | Example Coaciuect a A awerty 2er0 erode os & slg whee tly value ot 2a! binary aot. on’ shodegs SO as a utd be acecptt j ele ghourd je acerged | govt he {= example! 000° oat, (olOutl! beet z deotty te madih Ale akpeabt pathy aivionk Jo tht cose 07% defend ao beep” como 1° possible pee a te Living by k Ahe poceible geemainds alt oo Lt . ep 3° compkt (yang How’ cae ) 4% vine eee yodh qin (e25 ep dy mod 5simofodinty 1 (4) 0 WwW ad Seu St f+ fa ciase HOD diagran & 8 Ie 4 Y 43 1y A getiddened 6 aD (2x01 0) me! (a. 01%) mods (2x! {.0) ened 6 (oxtil) mods (2x2 Lo)mods (2x24 Dood 6 (BX3 10) mods (2x3 th) mods Caxute) enol 5 C2xuto mod 6 j Klar d) ty (40:9) Io J Ca > 64,0) 1, : 64,19" 4 4 6(4,,0- ty 0 F(I) 19> to A 604519) Vy > 2 ©: 4 3 £ (4yi = 43 a S 4y q, Orn ts defined assy Qo, >) Rx {4.4% tay tyh gz doth Jy ‘ut shot gtecke 6 4p% vrmal cheek oO A qo 4, %3 dy | to 1d | 7 | 4, | ty rans, { uv 40)! qo A Joh otros beable ty ghten Klee 9 a iia OF +L, } u (, st Oo ke/ fe é fee 6 x]4 ¢ . t Spy thority the Naoliy Y= to dd A002, 4,66, 18,7, mw} 4 calplabite b +t, dive, Ske 2+ cp tp 2s Ce mpuke 4bhe Pots ble ' 1011, 2% ~ Mtemain dey Ve WV, £4, Strnby 2 OFA Sip 3° Compute Gane? one flay, a) 1p toler | (RPA) mad k velo R&B So JC aa ttd) mod 3 Mole For te sake of Convintene Sebusgoeup the digit from otot bated onl semainclel use qa oft aay by 3. d + £0, 3,6.44 we qt O al Stmainds. So 8 fom {013,64} > Ofom(o} YY LluiF} we qh tag Stmaincter ob rom {isu ads d font} A {2.683 we gd Q ag MEmaincl Lod fom Lzmzy> Morr} Simakader A x21) mod 32} O43,4)> 9; (@ ° Clox0 fo) mad 3> 0 O (4,0) >To ie (toro £1) mod 3 = [ F4orD- 4, Cloxtot 2) mad 3 = 2 PU %o2)2 82 we - ey oO C (0X f10) noel 3> 4 FF ).0° 4, I CtoA (+O mol s= 2 FQ Ney 2 Ctr] 12) med 3-0 Mito de foo 5 Clorrto) med 3-2 JF Cqy.O)> Co ' Ctor24) mod 3= 0 £(%11 Ve to 2 Cloke 242) med 3 = | SB.) =F, yx —_—- _Crd, =e OMG, f0 3641) To Paget 4, =o P40 Atay)? GC|..2 9 =y 6046, L925 RE) Ye €04,10)° 4, 3s E45, 103, 6.94)> By GOV WDA my PEFo, Kump’ ta C4 =. Nae eae to CGR oe tn yee Ce ters cape ats PD Vo =9 dG, Kaw: to Flatt, eed Ch, Levey >t eee Ui Bra %& de fined a6 mF, Otek) > £46, 4, %29 EZ fovlits 3, wih HEI To the gat Stake 4° Betts C= £0 os ghowo below - O34 Z 1. ges n, ’ <4 eI? Wt(om @ t ad one { edt Coven 1,2 on A ial YODA has tly pore to be thus can be lo 0 X To NEA fos cork checks 0 cr OF more Lxani fone cmseepor ding £uym bol \ rf Mra gt lo atecke wth mose Har oot to dl “(Pe segrr trans ction corres PON | f aa branched port pot! ble bol we £04 cat f ¥ Conctruct ng mock of tle NEA *S voy ‘ery RTE hay Hae ab CTY to gusts something about 1 tnn4 % TL uw mode powo ud Ahan BFA v Tt has the pow to be to eevual tote af ont |? TE UE an (ickent marvecrarasen to desernshe Some com plicated a wages XS Thee existe ' ‘ macs pots ax 40,4, 4045 G2 by GA Gite tg LSGHO@® tetera DY@SGQE@® tw lyyattiel j a bedb ; Ff titre) 4. 14 Ayr ¢ F= Gransi tion 7 2 io i p d table 1 ¢ $ q, ?° xq, ¢ t o> ¢ Is p o ? Le “4% > 6 ¢ ¢ sag, ¢ b $ Ww ¢ 4 ’ yl o 6 a Uo I «Ooh 0) ¢ 6S\ .; . : Tov bebew draneitian diagram oy ATA Ae haan dion lable 1" te ® }° ) re | Xo "y i) 7 i \ \ a o | Q- 140,49, 44 a {414 4 r 4 Pte) oy To Ay ry Tevbial Stk t, funy Fe day —y rtnal-siab OY Transitien fable YY Constocead MEA tala ft { Stacts wilh tay Ee {aiby 8G" R14, a} i a : To Hel Htathial slok ow T= {4,Ja F eonal state ood Oy trangiton taste a) Auigo NEA for trantition table é of Cf ta ga ae Is é ty 4345 4, *4d5 a oO-_---—Ucrlt~—S— cy Coaelruet NEN L {sel of ULL hinge oven fod p thal ttends wrth oy 2 Jo 4 +O OO L> fort . Q (4, Ut . for {fo} YToP tied elects E -{4,) -y benal tects O- TraeaiHon Tasle o od 4 ¢ 1, 4 TY Conshuct NEA that acupts cet of all atrings es te 4 of Length 2 (G4 yF\__ 94 GY (do AC 4 : a t) Z-Lo,th Q@~ {964,44 f Jo-4 Qn} Iotbrad stake + "e : t I F~ 449, Final ofects ot oy Transition Tasle gh Construct (EA tthe acept ge of ove Lott thad study with to a Van toe Loy OOO Z- {oy q, QL 40,4, 4s4 4, Jo doy yPottial shake Tyr dqy arenas tele os Taransites table o 4 4, 4%, Ts ty ¢ ¢ all Strings o 1 ¢ 4 1, ¢ 1 tr: 7 by ' rl {Ty wr - | ¢ | Isp—2 XP ¥@) ey fe Ok bron table ere” " Skpr: Th atf{y sort clets of BFA ° a a . A clots of AIA Lao head a Ara dep 2s Tdtotif alphab& of OF abel of BFA tele atbhabet of wea oe e(p olpha” £-{a.b} S13 Tarotity Qo, je gtaku of a Hoe au =ft0.4:40)- ru cubscls om an a 4 Btr- ep cats of BEA axe Oy 4G. faeb. 14h Mth, (tod 190.40 (44h (404,03) Brey, Tduntify Te final state of OFA. Bence Jy cs the final hed of NA, whereve 9a 6 prevent ag an clement the ware oncing £ef po the fenal stab o Ora ° 4 ‘ 4 Fo Ht) Cte tah tat, Monts AY} T duntfy Abe dreint tions Ci-0.652 94 Orn obtare the bransitiont {o2 cach of fu paroed to Step. Bees gia tes of QD ob fos clase ¢: Toeub tymbol a 604,29 ¢ pC 4 for state fot! Taput sgmtel a Fy (40,0= 14, US by C4, 5) > 4th a opal sy tal 6 T lp Symbol 6ee eee ae \r rv dat £9,) We 4 mbol a ilp ty mbol 6 SyClait.ad = > bo(ta4.6)~ 45 for ctects tat TIp cymbal “0 I\p cqmbel -b FC tasy,a) = ¢ Sy ( (yt, b2 =P fea start {4%e,4,} THe Sipenbel =O Alp spenbol “6 I5C 440, t),0)- dull 40,40 f(A te Wh) Oy te 43, - Fr(qo, a) U Fy Cd.) = Su (qo.b) U bu l4,,4) ~ hae.a,3 U > = X40) U L4} = Xaad ~ teas} fe Sat {40454 I[p symbel=b Sp (t40,424,0) = Fy ertnt, OD Sy@roat b= Fu 446,41.) = GuCqo,a) 0 Ful 42,9 =F a Cqo, SO Fulas,s) = {443 Ub = {toy 0 $ = {40,414 ' ~ {Foy Ie Symbol =O Fox stok (4,454 Te ey mbel =e bn (14) nt, 0° Jul £4) 414, Oy (14:49 4,6) Dy C84, th6) 7 JuCa,,a) Odulds, o) = dul a,6) U DUC 6) = oud ~ hug = ¢ =i 2} fox sfete 1 40,4 (ay Tp semnbol 2a Fp Chaean ark) = nef, th ® ~ Dylaecad UP yCr 2) Udy Ca,,c) = {44,40 tH ud [ {Jot} Ile sy mbel =bee 1 ( 0 Stpmbol -b SC L604 .4.4, 6) OW Chet, 4s} b> Pucqe.b) U dy (4,6) UF wld b) {Wh (4, tug {46.4 Loo Lh at bee bulld Gancition table deans ition’ above & | a |b $ ¢ \4 B yenaenfag the melts fon ee an, tu | > | fay oe y RID | > > fac. ie tet} Led | Loar | Lav eluay | > | Cat 6 45% | Cetit| Cott —Ko3 oe ye — B ) cy the Using wn)kOblelo pra for balru MEA Ab b Mat MA ¢ . : Io \\ acepl oa te a8 Pen transitios fable for aboue MEA Ck ten & below § | a b do | {dong ttt a ¢ th * Ch b ¢ Sep 4: Tdentity the shoal Stock of AFA : . é Bence Jo ts stead stoke of NPA LI0h par gteuel Sfed oft BFA : Shep 23 Tdevhty the alphabets of DFA The ‘Le alphabet of NEA ade flu ?[p alphabeu of Ora, So, L= {arb} Step 3° Tdooly the traasttios Ci-¢ Pyeg ACA Loy bake £F0¥% Te eagenboal a fp (440.2): {20.44 don shecte {Io ¥ Ip Symbol =o Py (440:04,0) Spit tern) Splerecadb)=dy Claeahb) = On(4o,t) VD det, 0 «by Cderb) Urea, 5) =490,9,50 {Doh ULUY ~ (tert) = (autr} Alp sy mbel =b PpCt{ad.6) = {0} Tp symbol b¥ tr f Ot ok Mae Wy Sho ie le Symbol» a te symbol SEMA) dul Cteadad — Agen) 8) <8 (te44,6) _ GU daca) “ONC 10,6) duct yl x teats - {4} Ub ” “tea ~ ny © Skee 4s Tdentify the {oral slate of ben Since 1 7 the final ofeaty Of NEA. toh eva 4, 25 prurat FO the above ctete had tt final elate ob BEA Final ctete TS {@ag,} Mow cebove hancPHonw ate Sepsupentiol ting ban tios Aable Co Ff ab gary pl ab ~ {405 | teas — {Io} the gr 3 +A |) BoP {14d | {gery {40%} ~~? a) oe {40d | Geay tel “C | Bo& &. pra & Ee uen by M1(QIE dy de.) Ce Q= (A.B. b oo ? D-day ; a bE C Tox A — ja @) Fz {c} NO a) 6-7 teans?tion table 6EE @&) (\4 ¥ The brand tion from a » The Lranae lion fon * | Stake ca toa elagle par Bieu | etabe cao be to mnt laa wexl hake bod each “(Pp | cexk stectes fo cath [Pp , Symbol Hen eb %e catted cymbal menu tt *S calls Bote ren? avette rien- Madero’ nvctre oo Emply etafng transitions yer peemel empty an mot Seen to BEA Staing bya necbions i Red to convert NEA 40 x AtTA Wa cubcet of : DEA @o tbe ddrignof, MFA Com prler x cn ? we BEA Us dif colt bo . WER TS casey fo Pmpliemnt enplement e 6: Qxr+@ s Pr Qxz 72% Eq 5 (4,0) - {1} & 4 F(a) ~ C444 x Requisus note space jk Requires Los space © A etsting Ve aceepud by + A gtying 28 aceeptd by Bra, ?{ brangicts fo o ach, Tf af dear one f2acl otek. of and possible £ raasi tion’ « eadé La a final Ste kesee A lo DM Condlrack MEA ccth 6 tolach accept ol ef rings over Alphabed isla ,b,Cf woloure et ring Con tratag mcltple A's followed by om ul lips b's {ollousd by 2 multe ple c's F ) Ye ( = } b 10%. cyt s b c & . LY)” - “(Yo & GRE (OY . . Ef arbepep ve ta. ; é a b Cc é€ , ado 4g 6 4 4, 4 ¢ 4 & 2, 7 L b.6.4 ¢ ®D obtaio ao MFA to aceept the Janguage : oo fw wetfaby® & wo es made up of an anti a felowl by aay aes se) sa} (Dp ye “yes oplieal " a mateLe ayton @ Cooskruk MEA ueth © toluch aceepl WD etrngs Over al phabef x) {a,b toluse st ny Con barns meilleple b's followed by multipy b's follousd by 1 Pruleple c's 7. an yp / eee A 4p } 1 an C Kh \§ & C-NCEA ' ee b )¢c SQ WP ¢ Jo (GV -& “Gay Ef abcd ey ya ha} i 6 a 6b Tt eee “ee 74, 4g 6 oO * 4 ¢ 4 @ } +4, Ca) . o aS )¢ € 1 to os ¢. ‘@D cbta’o “ao MEA to aceapt the fongesage L=4{w we! farby® oo ts made up of an aes a & (lowed by aay yb 1 2? * Aa ae “Dy a i YR a ut oan no” “ i optional a OLPotiocse ben eR tin N | cae Bra teas tuple NM NEA Ra GAuple BAER Seb deple Me (QE. A Jo) M CREA GO (05,09, 6) + Qassel {fc Wheve ‘ : ¢ earl. 74 %e cet od dene ‘[paldabetr 40 is 2d of fen eit get of Hath 11 Qxz to R Sree eet of i[p Uphabhy roe cad of Tp Xo Us edad cles 3 QE 1or® alphabets re final cheats to ve chart choke EL OKTE VE) 408 ry es fincd shite Se stad ety ve Ce final thet yz wsede y there can be Zero oF NThere can be 2070, one |4 There Cam be Lem, cae trantllon froma | 6% more tranviou | ome oi move ban, éteki on an El psy ot from atte: on AN }-citiong from ax ze Sqombel Stohe python wo thoud ving cae (3. & Move cumbu O + 118 aumber of & Rebativ more. Anans? {Pon trans stions transition! when | vomparcd unith UFA & Ot AE dt to ‘ Fas 4o lonstruck * Easy So coutrut construct : (hong ear Cx preHrons » dose powerdud eince + More powerful thas 4 More pouxr {ul any pein’ e BEA atacecda dan UEFA etace heme tt usill be Gotnt Of time PE | abany petot of Ra oly one ctede will be 25 more than tome CE us? be | one Stake Sta more than Jone chete with | ox wHthout giary Ani c(p.HY ooved MEA dre below to DEA t ABC } t ] teens Chak M a 7) bye ! a . is Z @) “(6)- 5 ATY ; é & Seeprctet dhe transition feo ¢ NEA Shep as Taeatfy atert chats of OFA Kea o fs stot cteats Of COREA, EcLac(o) & He gta ¢tette of BFA fe cchoG (Otel ® Coatdua ste A ip ts @ dle eo b €C Aa) = ecloceC he CAD) FC Ar) * ectertC deen) = eclort Cd, Co, 0) ~ ecLore C06) ~{0 ma. -1® Constdon seus 6 4p ec bs ele as Oe B p= € close (8,5) eB, @- cctose (C8. re ) fe B= EcloseC de CE bY = rere COA siete ta) = ECLOSE( Hy (1 3.Mbe 2,9 Hb) - eclost (8) . recbece C47p) LEB HCY = £724 365 £3 Gekgy ® {3 UG 74S _ Baw He ce ne m0 etaky wean Baw tras toy table fab +p 8B Ff Brae Cc xo | DE *D D e rE D G eames coun 18 fila Foca ei d© suseot go CDC. 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Fa example, ao &ranvad analyst might Secu fF Cerbetn Stock A Ck ey Syn Oy Noues Compares ba * Hopping Robot" prauts to geooeb -Px, the Cutter Prices Chowged x He fhems that sts Wale Dea uest The Acloet wil Redvieve custent debeo Pages fron the web and then Seach those pages 4g wbde thal Suggest a pyrite 6. a pebadar thew: 2) The detumenls ty be Searched canned: be cabaloged dg Zromple , -AmaZon.com does nob mate tt easy Ax Cscuulees tp find alt -the Pages Aa ale the Books thet the Company Sells + Rather , these Pege ate Jenuobed "on dhe fey" fn Response fo prues. => Nondekerministic fentte Automaba AK Henk Seocelys- A seb of W&ds a6 call he Keyusdds ana tte tuank—+to find eccurrences af any of these tuads » Tn applications Such as these, a weful tay to proceed °, to desan a rondebeemtnistic nate automaton,