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 THE D-AND F-BLOCK ELEMENTS
1. On strongly heating AgNO3 we get:
a) AgNO2 b) Silver nitride c) Ag d) Ag 2 O
2. Transition metals in their compounds show:
a) Ionic bonds
b) Covalent bonds
c) Ionic and covalent bonds
d) Ionic and coordinate bonds
3. Heat
4K 2 Cr2 O7 → 4K 2 CrO4 + 3O2 + 𝑋 In the above reaction, X is
a) CrO3 b) Cr2 O7 c) Cr2 O3 d) CrO5
4. Cynaide process is used for the extraction of
a) Au b) Ag c) Cu d) Both (a) and (b)
5. The colour of zinc sulphide is:
a) Yellow b) White c) Brown d) Black
6. The metal extracted by cyanide process is
a) Silver b) Copper c) Iron d) Sodium
7. Which metal gives hydrogen gas on heating with hot concentrated alkali?
a) Ag b) Ni c) Zn d) Cu
8. Which of the following metal ions is not coloured?
a) Ti3+ b) Fe3+ c) V 2+ d) Zn2+
9. The process of extraction of Au and Ag ores is based on their solubility in:
a) NH3 b) HCl c) HNO3 d) KCN
10. In the process of extraction of gold,
Roasted gold ore
O2
+CN − + H2 O → [𝑋] + OH −
[𝑋] + Zn ⟶ [𝑌] + Au
Identify the complexes [𝑋] and [𝑌]
a) 𝑋 = [Au(CN)2 ]− , 𝑌 = [Zn(CN)4 ]2− b) 𝑋 = [Au(CN)4 ]3− , 𝑌 = [Zn(CN)4 ]2−
c) 𝑋 = [Au(CN)2 ] , 𝑌 = [Zn(CN)6 ]
− 4− d) 𝑋 = [Au(CN)4 ]− , 𝑌 = [Zn(CN)4 ]2−
11. To dissolve argentite ore which of the following is used?
a) Na[Ag(CN)2 ] b) NaCN c) NaCl d) HCl
12. The magnetic moment μ, of transition metals is related to the number of unpaired elelctrnos n as
𝑛
a) μ = 𝑛(𝑛 + 2)2 b) μ = 𝑛2 (𝑛 + 2) c) μ = d) μ = √𝑛(𝑛 + 2)
(𝑛 + 2)
13. Melting of Zn metal and then pouring it into cold water gives:
a) Zn dust b) Granulated Zn c) Hard Zn metal d) Soft Zn metal
14. Percentage of gold in Fool’s gold is
a) Zero b) 8 c) 16 d) 30
15. Copper sulphate is commercially made from copper scrap by:
a) Dissolving in hot concentrated sulphuric acid
b) Action of dilute sulphuric acid and air
c) Heating with sodium sulphate
d) Heating with sulphur
16. Which of the following compounds has colour but no unpaired electrons?
a) KMnO4
b) K 2 MnO4
c) MnSO4
d) MnCl2
17. Mercury forms amalgams with all except:
 a) Al b) Zn c) Ni d) Fe
18. Granulated Zn is obtained by:
a) Suddenly cooling molten Zn
b) Adding molten Zn to water
c) Heating Zn 100 to 150C
d) Dropping molten Zn drop by drop
19. In the first transition series, the differentiating electron enters:
a) 5𝑑-orbital b) 4𝑑-orbital c) 3𝑑-orbital d) 2𝑑-orbital
20. Identity the ore not containing iron.
a) Limonite b) Siderite c) Carnallite d) Chalcopyrites
21. Purest form of iron is
a) Cast iron b) Pig form c) Wrought iron d) Steel
22. Which metal adsorbs hydrogen?
a) Pd b) K c) Al d) Zn
23. The most abundant ore of iron is:
a) Haematite b) Limonite c) Magnetite d) Siderite
24. Metallic silver may be obtained from AgCl by
a) Heating it in the current of H2 b) Fusing it with sand
c) Treating with carbon monoxide d) Fusing it with Na2 CO3
25. Choose the correct statement.
a) Transition elements have low melting points.
b) Transition elements do not have catalytic activity.
c) Transition elements exhibit variable oxidation states.
d) Transition elements show inert pair effect.
26. Bessemer’s converter is used in the manufacture of:
a) Cast iron b) Pig iron c) Steel d) Wrought iron
27. Number of electrons present in the outermost orbit of Fe atom is:
a) 3 b) 1 c) 2 d) 4
28. Which will reduce acidified potassium dichromate solution?
a) Potash alum b) Mohr’s salt c) Chile saltpetre d) White vitriol
29. The lanthanoids contraction relates to
a) Atomic radii b) Atomic as well as 𝑀3+ radii
c) Valence electrons d) Oxidation states
30. Transition metals show paramagnetism due to
a) High lattice energy b) Characteristics configuration
c) Variable oxidation states d) Unpaired electrons
31. ‘Mercury’ tree can be prepared:
a) By mixing up mercuric thiocyanate and gum
b) By adding Nessler’s reagent to a ammonium salt solution
c) By pouring little mercury into AgNO3 solution
d) By heating mercuric chloride
32. When excess of SnCl2 is added to a solution of HgCl2 , a white ppt. turning to grey is obtained. This grey
colour is due to the formation of:
a) Hg 2 Cl2 b) SnCl4 c) Sn d) Hg 2
33. Among the following, the compound that is both paramagnetic and coloured is
a) (NH4 )2 (TiCl6 ) b) K 2 Cr2 O7 c) K 3 [Cu(CN)4 ] d) VOSO4
34. All the metals form oxides of the type MO except
a) Copper b) Barium c) Silver d) Lead
35. Cinnabar is an ore of:
a) Lead b) Zinc c) Silver d) Mercury
36. Heating mixture of Cu2 O and Cu2 S will give
a) Cu2 SO3 b) CuO + CuS c) Cu + SO3 d) Cu + SO2
37. The substance that sublimes on heating is:
a) MgCl2 b) AgCl c) HgCl2 d) NaCl
38. Actinides
a) Have variable valency b) Include element 12
c) Are all synthetic elements d) Have only short lived isotopes
39. The 3𝑑-transition series contains elements from atomic number:
a) 22 to 30 b) 21 to 30 c) 21 to 31 d) 21 to 29
40. Which of the following is not a characteristic of transition elements?
a) Variable oxidation states b) Formation of coloured compounds
c) Formation of interstitial compounds d) Natural radioactivity
41. An element which is highly toxic for plants and animals is:
a) Au b) Mn c) Hg d) Ca
42. Native silver metal forms a water soluble complex with a dilute aqueous solution of NaCN in presence of:
a) Nitrogen b) Oxygen c) CO2 d) Ar
43. Calamine is
a) CaCO3 b) MgCO3 c) ZnCO3 d) CaCO3 + CaO
44. Which series of elements have nearly the same atomic radii?
a) F, Cl, Br, I b) Na, K, Rb, Cs c) Li, Be, B, C d) Fe, Co, Ni, Cu
45. Which transition elements exhibit +8 oxidation states?
a) Cu, Zn b) Ru, Os c) Ag, Au d) Cu, Cr
−
− −
46. When I is oxidized by MnO4 in alkaline medium, I convets into
a) IO−3 b) I2 c) IO−4 d) IO−
47. Which of the following compounds is used as the starting material for the preparation of potassium
dichromate?
a) K 2 SO4 . Cr2 (SO4 )3 . 24H2 O (Chrome alum)
b) PbCrO4 (Chrome yellow)
c) FeCr2 O4 (Chromite)
d) PbCrO4 . PbO (Chrome red)
48. Which metal makes steel suitable for cutting purposes by maintaining the cutting edge of the blade?
a) Mn b) Al c) W d) C
49. Which form of iron is least ductile?
a) Hard steel b) Cast iron c) Mild steel d) Wrought steel
50. Amalgams are:
a) Always solid
b) Highly coloured alloys
c) Alloys which contain mercury as one of the contents
d) Compounds of mercury
51. Which of the following is a poison?
a) Hg 2 Cl2 b) BaSO4 c) HgCl2 d) NaHCO3
52. Addition of high proportions of manganese makes steel useful in making rails of rail roads because
manganese ;
a) Gives hardness to steel and can remove oxygen and sulphur
b) Helps the formation of oxides of iron
c) Can show highest oxidation state of +7
d) None of the above
53. Pick out the correct statements from the following.
I. Cobalt (III) is more stable in octahedral complexes.
II. Zinc forms coloured ions or complexes.
III. Most of the 𝑑-block elements and their compounds are ferromagnetic.
 IV. Osmium shows (VIII) oxidation state.
V. Cobalt (II) is more stable in octahedral complexes.
a) 1 and 2 b) 1 and 3 c) 2 and 4 d) 1 and 4
54. Ferrous sulphate on heating gives:
a) SO3 b) SO2 c) Fe2 O3 d) All of these
55. Hydrometallurgy is based on
a) Calcination b) Roasting c) Oxidation d) Reduction
56. In context with the transition elements, which of the following statements is incorrect?
a) In addition to the normal oxidation state, the zero oxidation state is also shown by these elements in
complexes.
b) In the highest oxidation state, the transition metal shows basic character and form cationic complexes.
In the highest oxidation state of the first five transition elements (Sc to Mn), all the 4𝑠and4𝑑 electrons
c)
are used for bonding.
d) Once the 𝑑5 configuration is exceeded, the tendency to involve all the 3𝑑 electrons in bonding decreases.
57. Which one of the following pairs of elements is called ‘chemical twins’ because of their very similar
chemical properties?
a) Mn and W b) Mo and Tc c) Fe and Re d) Hf and Zr
58. Which one of the following exist in the oxidation state other than +3?
a) B b) Al c) Ce d) Ga
59. Excess of KI reacts with CuSO4 solution and then Na2 S2 O3 solution is added to it. Which of the statement is
incorrect for this reaction?
a) CuI2 is formed b) Na2 S2 O3 is oxidised c) Cu2 I2 is formed d) Evolved I2 is reduced
60. Which is formed when iron reacts with carbon?
a) FeC2 b) Fe3 C c) FeC3 d) Fe2 C
61. ( )
From sodium agrentocyanide Na[Ag CN 2 ], silver is precipitated by adding a powder of:
a) Tin b) Zinc c) Mercury d) Calcium
62. Which is used for electrical purposes?
a) German silver b) Beryllium bronze c) Constantan d) Fool’s gold
63. Monel metal is an alloy of?
a) Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn b) Cu, Sn, Zn c) Cu, Sn, P d) Cu, Zn
64. Which metal is not used for making coins?
a) Gold b) Silver c) Nickel d) Tungsten
65. Which is not true?
a) ZnS is white solid which turns yellow on exposure to light
b) ZnS is precipitated on passing H2 S to aqueous Na2 ZnO2
c) Basic zinc carbonate is ZnCO3 . 3Zn(OH)2
d) HgCl2 reacts with NH3 (g) to give [Hg(NH3 )4 ]Cl2
66. Gold is extracted by hydrometallurgical process, based on its property
a) Of being electropositive b) Of being less reactive
c) To form complexes which are water soluble d) To form salts which are water soluble
67. Which is less reactive?
a) Fe b) Ni c) Pt d) Co
68. Thermal decomposition of zinc nitrate gives:
a) Zn b) ZnO c) Zn(NO2 )2 d) NO
69. Copper nitrate on strongly heating gives:
a) Cu b) Cupric oxide c) Cuprous oxide d) cupric nitrate
70. Which compound is used as a purgative in medicine?
a) HgCl2 b) Hg 2 Cl2 c) CuCl d) CuCl2
71. Correct formula of calomel is
a) HgCl2 b) HgCl2 . H2 O c) Hg 2 Cl2 d) HgSO4
72. The reaction of K 2 Cr2 O7 with NaCl and conc H2 SO4 gives
a) CrO2 Cl2 b) Cr2 O3 c) CrCl3 d) CroCl2
73. A compound in which a metal ion M (Z=25) has a spin only magnetic moment of √24BM. The number of
𝑥+

unpaired electrons in the compound and the oxidation state of the metal ion are respectively.
a) 4 and 2 b) 5 and 3 c) 3 and 2 d) 4 and 3
74. From an aqueous solution of zinc sulphate, normal zinc carbonate may be precipitated by:
a) Passing CO2
b) Warming with NaHCO3
c) Adding Na2 CO3
d) Boiling with CaCO3
75. The catalyst used for the hydrogenation of vegetable oils for making margarine is:
a) Cu b) Na c) Ni d) Zn
76. Which of the following compound is expected to be coloured?
a) Ag 2 SO4 b) CuF2 c) MgF2 d) CuCl
77. Copper can be extracted from:
a) Kupfer-nickel b) Dolomite c) Malachite d) Galena
78. Refining of impure copper with zinc impurity is to be done by electrolysis using electrodes as
Cathode Anode
a) Pure copper Pure zinc b) Pure zinc Pure copper
c) Pure copper Impure copper d) Pure zinc Impure zinc
79. Molten Ag absorbs about ……… times of O2 :
a) 10 b) 20 c) 40 d) 80
80. Which of the following ion is diamagnetic?
a) Nd3+ b) La3+ c) Tb3+ d) Er 3+
81. A red solid is insoluble in water. However, it becomes soluble if some KI is added to water. Heating the red
solid in a test tube results in liberation of some violet coloured fumes and droplets of a metal appear on
the cooler parts of the test tube. The red solid is
a) (NH4 )2 Cr2 O7 b) HgI2 c) HgO d) Pb3 O4
82. Of the following outer electronic configurations of atoms, the highest oxidation state is achieved by which
one of them?
a) (𝑛 −)𝑑8 , 𝑛𝑠 2 b) (𝑛 − 1)𝑑5 , 𝑛𝑠1 c) (𝑛 − 1)𝑑3 , 𝑛𝑠 2 d) (𝑛 − 1)𝑑5 , 𝑛𝑠 2
83. The oxidation number of Mn in the product of alkaline oxidative fusion of MnO2 is
a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 6
84. Iron sheets are galvanized mainly to:
a) Harden the surface
b) Increase lustre
c) Prevent action of water
d) Prevent action of oxygen and water
85. Copper metal is not used:
a) In taps and water connections
b) As an alloy in high speed drills
c) In electric motor coils
d) In brass utensils
86. In the equation,
4𝑀 + 8CN− + 2H2 O + O2 ⟶ 4[𝑀(CN)2 ]− + 4OH −
Identify the metal M
a) Copper b) Iron c) Silver d) Zinc
87. Vapour phase refining of nickel is carried out by using
a) I2 b) Cl2 c) HCl d) CO
88. Lanthanide contraction is due to increase in
 a) Shielding by 4𝑓-electrons b) Atomic number
c) Effective nuclear charge d) Size of 4𝑓-orbitals
89. Which of the following ions is coloured?
a) Cu+ b) Cu2+ c) V 5+ d) Ti4+
90. Pig iron:
a) Contains carbon and other impurities
b) Is pure form of iron
c) Is same as wrought iron
d) Is same as steel
91. In aqueous solution Eu2+ ion acts as
a) An oxidizing agent b) A reducing agent c) An acid d) All of these
92. Transition elements form complexes because of:
a) Small cation size b) Vacant 𝑑-orbitals c) Large ionic charge d) All are correct
93. Philosopher’s wool on heating with BaO at 1100° C produce
a) Ba + ZnCl2 b) BaCdO2 c) BaZnO2 d) BaO2 + Zn
94. Which of the following trivalent ion has the largest atomic radii in the lanthanide series?
a) Ce b) Pm c) La d) Lu
95. Ferrous ion changes to X ion, on reacting with acidified hydrogen peroxide. The number of 𝑑-electrons
present in X and its magnetic moment (in BM) are, respectively
a) 6 and 6.93 b) 5 and 5.92 c) 5 and 4.9 d) 4 and 5.92
96. Which of the following is amphoteric oxide?
a) SO2 b) B2 O3 c) ZnO d) Na2 O
97. The valence shell electronic configuration ofCr 2+ ion is
a) 4𝑠 0 3𝑑4 b) 3𝑝 6 4𝑠 2 c) 4𝑠 2 3𝑑2 d) 4𝑠 2 3𝑑0
98. Which of the following ore is an ore of copper?
a) Argentite b) Haematite c) Malachite d) Calamine
99. Chinese white is:
a) ZnS b) ZnCO3 c) ZnS + BaSO4 d) ZnO
100. Cerium (𝑍 = 58) is an important member of the lanthanides. Which of the following statement about
cerium is incorrect?
a) The common oxidation states of cerium are +3 and +4
b) Cerium (IV) acts as an oxidizing agent
c) The +4 oxidation state of cerium is not known in solutions
d) The +3 oxidation state of cerium is more stable than the +4 oxidation state
101. If orange-red colour is absorbed from white light, the observed colour is:
a) Yellow b) Orange c) Blue d) Violet
102. Which forms interstitial compounds?
a) Fe b) Ni c) Co d) All of these
103. Steel that is resistant to acids is:
a) Carbon steel b) Molybdenum steel c) Stainless steel d) Nickel alloy steel
104. Hardness of transition elements is due to:
a) Large atomic size
b) Metallic bonding
c) Covalent bonds
d) High ionization energy
105. Which does not possess allotropic forms?
a) C b) Sn c) Fe d) P
106. When hydrogen peroxide is added to acidified potassium dichromate, a blue colour is produced due to
formation of
a) CrO3 b) Cr2 O3 c) CrO5 d) CrO2−4
107. In the extraction of Ag, Ag 2 S is dissolved in:
a) HCl b) HNO3 c) KCN d) H2 SO4
108. The meniscus of mercury in a glass tube is:
a) Convex upwards b) Concave c) Plane d) Convex inwards
109. The iron obtained from the blast furnace is called:
a) Pig iron b) Cast iron c) Wrought iron d) Steel
110. Which one of the following has strongest metallic bonding?
a) Fe b) Sc c) V d) Cr
111. The alloy which contains nickel is:
a) Brass b) Bell metal c) Bronze d) German silver
112. A hard and resistant alloy generally used in tip of nib of pen is:
a) Os, Ir b) Pt, Cr c) V, Fe d) Fe, Cr
113. The extraction of which of the following metals involves bessemerization?
a) Fe b) Ag c) Al d) Cu
114. CuCl absorbs
a) CO2 b) SO2 c) H2 SO4 d) CO
115. CrO3 dissolves in aqueous NaOH to give
a) CrO2−4 b) Cr(OH)− 3 c) CrO2−7 d) Cr(OH)2
116. One of the following metals is obtained by leaching its ore with dilute cyanide solution. Identify it.
a) Titanium b) Vanadium c) Silver d) Zinc
117. German silver alloy contains
a) Zinc, silver and copper b) Nickel ,silver and copper
c) Germanium ,silver and copper d) Zinc, nickel and copper
118. Copper metal of high purity is obtained by:
a) Carbon reduction b) Hydrogen reduction c) Electrolytic method d) Thermite process
119. The solubility of silver bromide in hypo solution is due to the formation of :
a) Ag 2 SO3 b) Ag 2 S2 O3 c) [Ag(S2 O3 )] d) [Ag(S2 O3 )2 ]3
120. Which of the following is a ferrous alloy?
a) Invar b) Solder c) Magnalium d) Type metal
121. Consider the following statements.
(I)La(OH)3 is the least basic among hydroxides of lanthanides
(II) Zr 4+ and Hf 4+ possess almost the same ionic radii
(III) Ce4+ can act as an oxidizing agent
Which of the above is/are true?
a) (I) and (III) b) (II) and (III) c) (II) only d) (I) only
122. Iodide of Millon’s base is:

a) K 2 [Hgl4 ] b) c) [Hg 2 O. NH2 OH]. H2 O d) Hg(NH2 )I + Hg

123. The alloy of steel that is used for making automobile parts and utensils is:
a) Stainless steel b) Nickel steel c) Tungsten steel d) Chromium steel
124. Which is used as substitute for platinum in jewellery?
a) Rolled gold b) White gold c) Purple of Cassius d) Faraday’s gold
125. The highest oxidation state exhibited by transition metals is
a) +7 b) +8 c) +6 d) +5
126. Cl2 + HgO ⟶?
a) Cl2 O + HgCl b) Cl2 O + HgCl2 c) ClO + HgCl d) ClO + HgCl2
127. The following two reactions HNO3 with Zn are given as (equations are not balanced) Zn + conc. HNO3 ⟶
Zn(NO3 )2 + 𝑋 + H2 O(𝐴)
Zn + dil . HNO3 ⟶ Zn(NO3 )2 + 𝑌 + H2 O(𝐵)
In reactions 𝐴 and 𝐵, the compounds 𝑋and 𝑌 respectively, are
 a) NO2 and NO b) NO2 and NO2 c) NO and NO2 d) NO2 and NH4 NO3
128. Which of the following electronic configurations belong to transition elements?
a) KL 3𝑠 2 𝑝6 𝑑5 , 4𝑠1
b) KL 3𝑠 2 𝑝6 𝑑10 , 4𝑠 2 𝑝3
c) KL 3𝑠 2 𝑝6 𝑑10 , 4𝑠 2 4𝑝1
d) KLM 4𝑠 2 𝑝6 𝑑10 , 5𝑠 2 5𝑝1
129. The magnetic moment of a transition metal ion is √15 BM. Therefore, the number of unpaired electrons
present in it, is
a) 3 b) 4 c) 1 d) 2
130. Which is not true in case of transition metals?
a) They are malleable and ductile
b) They have high melting and boiling points
c) They crystallise with body centred cubic and hexagonal close packed structure only
d) They show variable oxidation states although not always
131. Formation of coloured solution is possible when metal ion in the compound contains
a) Paired electrons b) Lone pair of electrons
c) Unpaired electrons d) None of these
132. Carbon in wrought iron is present as
a) Silicon carbide b) Iron carbide
c) Graphite d) Partly iron carbide and partly as graphite
133. An element is in 𝑀3+ form. Its electronic configuration is [Ar]3𝑑1 , the ion is
a) Ca2+ b) Sc + c) Ti4+ d) Ti3+
134. Each transition series contains:
a) 12 elements b) 10 elements c) 14 elements d) 8 elements
135. Lanthanide contraction is caused due to
a) The appreciable shielding on outer electrons by 4𝑓-electrons from the nuclear charge.
b) The appreciable shielding on outer electrons by 5𝑑-electrons from the nuclear charge.
c) The same effective nuclear charge from Ce to Lu.
d) The imperfect shielding on outer electrons by 4𝑓-electrons from the nuclear charge.
136. The properties of Zr and Hf are similar because
a) Both belong to 𝑑-block b) Both belong to same group of Periodic Table
c) Both have similar radii d) Both have same number of electrons
137. In nitroprusside ion, the iron and NO exist as Fe and NO+ rather than FeIII and NO. These forms can be
11

differentiated by :
a) Estimating the concentration of iron
b) Measuring the concentration of CN− .
c) Measuring the solid state magnetic moment
d) Thermally decomposing the compound
138. Railway wagon axles are made by heating rods of iron embedded in charcoal powder. The process is
known as
a) Case hardening b) Tempering c) Sheradizing d) Annealing
139. A substance which is not paramagnetic is:
a) Cr(ClO4 )3 b) KMnO4 c) TiCl3 d) VOBr2
140. Which pair of compounds is expected to show similar colour in aqueous medium?
a) FeCl3 and CuCl2 b) VOCl2 and CuCl2 c) VOCl2 and FeCl2 d) FeCl2 and MnCl2
141. Lunar caustic is chemically:
a) Silver chloride b) Silver nitrate c) Sodium hydroxide d) Potassium nitrate
142. Lanthanoids and actinoids resembles in:
a) Electronic configuration
b) Oxidation state
 c) Ionisation energy
d) Formation of complex
143. Horn silver is:
a) AgCl b) Ag 2 S c) SnS d) AgNO3
144. Silver nitrate solution gives a red precipitate with:
a) Sodium iodide b) Potassium chloride c) Calcium nitrate d) Sodium chromate
145. Of the following outer electronic configurations of atoms, the highest oxidation state is achieved by which
one of them?
a) (𝑛 − 1)𝑑8 𝑛𝑠 2 b) (𝑛 − 1)𝑑5 𝑛𝑠1 c) (𝑛 − 1)𝑑3 𝑛𝑠 2 d) (𝑛 − 1)𝑑5 𝑛𝑠 2
146. Powdered silver ore is treated with NaCN solution and air is bubbled through the mixture to give:
a) AgCN b) Ag c) Ag(CN)2 d) Na[Ag(CN)2 ]
147. Chromium has most stable oxidation state of:
a) +5 b) +3 c) +2 d) +4
148. Cuprous salts are generally colourless while cuprous oxide is:
a) Green b) Blue c) Red d) Yellow
149. Which of the following manganese oxide is amphoteric?
a) MnO2 b) Mn2 O3 c) Mn2 O7 d) MnO
150. Impurities of Cu and Ag from gold are removed by
a) Boiling impure gold with dil.H2 SO4 b) Boiling impure gold with conc.H2 SO4
c) Electrolytically d) Both (b) and (c)
151. Identify the incorrect statement among the following
𝑑-block elements show irregular and erratic La and Lu have partially filled 𝑑-orbitals and no
a) b)
chemical properties among themselves. other partially filled orbital.
c) The chemistry of various lanthanoids is very
d) 4𝑓and5𝑓-orbitals are equally shielded.
similar.
152. Which of the following ions form most stable complex compound?
a) Mn2+ b) Ni2+ c) Fe2+ d) Cu2+
153. Silver halides are used in photography because they are:
a) Photosensitive
b) Soluble in hyposolution
c) Soluble in NH4 OH
d) Insoluble in acids
154. (NH4 )2 Cr2 O7 on heating gives a gas which is also given by
a) Heating NH4 NO2 b) Heating NH4 NO3 c) Mg 3 N2 + H2 O d) Na(Comp.)+ H2 O2
155. Gold dissolves in aqua regia forming:
a) Auric chloride b) Aurous chloride c) Chloroauric acid d) Aurous nitrate
156. Essential constituent of an amalgam is:
a) Fe b) An alkali metal c) Silver d) Mercury
157. In blast furnace, iron oxide is reduced by
a) Hot blast of air b) Carbon monoxide c) Carbon d) Silica
158. In 𝑀 is element of actinoids series, the degree of complex formation decreases in the order
a) 𝑀4+ > 𝑀3+ > 𝑀O2+ 2 > 𝑀O2
+
b) 𝑀O+ 2+
2 > 𝑀O2 > 𝑀
3+
> 𝑀4+
c) 𝑀4+ > 𝑀O2+ 2 >𝑀
3+
> 𝑀O+ 2 d) 𝑀O2+ +
2 > 𝑀O2 > 𝑀
4+
> 𝑀3+
159. Stainless steel has iron and
a) Cr b) Cu c) Co d) Zn
160. The correct statement(s) among the following is/are;
(i) All the 𝑑 and 𝑓-block elements are metals
(ii) All 𝑑 and 𝑓-block elements form coloured ions
(iii) All 𝑑 and 𝑓-block elements are paramagnetic
a) (i) only b) (i) and (ii) c) (ii) and (ii) d) All of these
161. Which of the following pair will have effective magnetic moment equal?
a) Ti2+ and V 2+ b) Cr 2+ and Fe2+ c) Cr 3+ and Mn2+ d) V 2+ and Sc 3+
162. Which of the following compounds volatises on heating?
a) FeCl3 b) HgCl2 c) CaCl2 d) MgCl2
163. Aufbau law is not valid for:
a) Cu and Ar b) Cu and Cr c) Cr and Ar d) Fe and Ag
164. Which of the following statements is not true for Mohr’s salt?
a) It decolourises KMnO4 solution
b) It is a double salt
c) Oxidation state of iron is +3
d) It is a primary standard
165. The 3𝑑-block element that exhibits maximum number of oxidation states is
a) Sc b) Ti c) Mn d) Zn
166. Number of electrons in 3𝑑-orbital of V , Cr , Mn , and Fe are 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively. Which of the
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+

following ions will have largest value of magnetic moment (μ)?

a) V 2+ b) Cr 2+ c) Mn2+ d) Fe2+
167. Identify the reaction that does not take place during the smelting process of copper extraction
a) 2FeS + 3O2 ⟶ 2FeO + 2SO2 ↑ b) Cu2 O + FeS ⟶ Cu2 S + FeO
c) 2Cu2 S + 3O2 ⟶ 2Cu2 O + 2SO2 ↑ d) FeO + SiO2 ⟶ FeSiO3
168. Which of the following is most stable?
a) V 3+ b) Ti3+ c) Mn3+ d) Cr 3+
169. The white anhydrous copper sulphate on heating decomposes to give:
a) CuSO4 . 5H2 O b) CuSO4 . H2 O c) CuO + SO3 d) SO3
170. NH3 does not form complex with:
a) AgI b) AgBr c) AgCl d) None of these
171. Which sulphide has a yellow colour?
a) CuS b) PbS c) ZnS d) CdS
172. Which of the following is not a property of transition elements?
a) Fixed valency b) Catalytic property c) Paramagnetism d) Colour
173. Fe2+ ion can be distinguished by Fe3+ ion by:
a) BaCl2 b) AgNO3 c) NH4 SCN d) None of these
174. Which one of the following transition metal ions is diamagnetic?
a) Co2+ b) Ni2+ c) Cu2+ d) Zn2+
175. Elements of group 11 and 12 are:
a) Normal elements b) Transition elements c) Alkaline earth metals d) Alkali metals
176. Hard steel contains:
a) No carbon b) 0.6-1.5% carbon c) 5% carbon d) 0.5-0.2% carbon
177. Iron, once dipped in concentrated H2 SO4 , does not displace copper from sulphate solution, because:
a) It is less reactive than copper
b) A layer of sulphate is deposited on it
c) A layer of oxide is deposited on it
d) None of the above
178. Which shows a jump in second ionization potential?
a) Co b) Ni c) Zn d) Cu
179. Manganese steel contains:
a) Fe + C + Mn b) Fe + C + Al c) Fe + Mn d) Fe + Mn+ Cr
180. Which sets are the transition elements?
a) Ti, Zr, Hf b) V, Nb, Ta c) Rh, Rb, Pd d) All of these
181. The extraction of nickel involves:
a) The formation of Ni(CO)4
 b) The decomposition of Ni(CO)4
c) The formation and thermal decomposition of Ni(CO)4
d) The formation and catalytic decomposition of Ni(CO)4
182. Cu2 O is:
a) Black oxide of copper b) Copper(II) oxide c) Red oxide of copper d) Cupric oxide
183. Number of electrons transferred in each case when KMnO4 acts as an oxidising agent to give
MnO2 , Mn2+ , Mn(OH)3and MnO2− 4 , are respectively :
a) 3, 5, 4 and 1 b) 4, 3, 1 and 5 c) 1, 3, 4 and 5 d) 5, 4, 3 and 1
184. When metallic copper comes in contact with moisture, a green power/pasty coating can be seen over it.
This is chemically known as
a) Copper carbonate-copper sulphate b) Copper carbonate-copper hydroxide
c) Copper sulphate-copper sulphide d) Copper sulphide-copper carbonate
185. German silver is an alloy of:
a) Copper, zinc and nickel
b) Copper and silver
c) Copper and tin
d) Copper, zinc and silver
186. Incorrect statement is
a) Atomic radii of Zr and Hf are same because of lanthanide contraction
b) Zn and Hg do not show variable valency
c) Across the lanthanides series, the basicity of lanthanide hydroxides decreases
d) Protactinium is transuranic element
187. ------is the best conductor of electricity among coinage metals:
a) Ag b) Cu c) Au d) All of these
188. Cu ions give precipitate with K 4 Fe(CN)6 . The colour of precipitate is:
2+

a) Blue b) Green c) Red d) Brown

189. Across the lanthanide series, the basicity of lanthanide hydroxides
a) Increases b) Decreases
c) First increases and then decreases d) First decreases and then increases
190. A blue colouration is not obtained when:
a) Ammonium hydroxide dissolves in copper sulphate
b) Copper sulphate solution reacts with K 4 [Fe(CN)6 ]
c) Ferric chloride reacts with sodium ferrocyanide
d) Anhydrous white CuSO4 is dissolved in water
191. Useful lanthanoid member is:
a) Cerium b) Lanthanum c) Neodymium d) Lutetium
192. Which of the following has got incompletely filled 𝑓-subshell?
a) Gadolinium b) Lutetium c) Lawrencium d) Tantalum
193. Silver nitrate is usually supplied in coloured bottles because it is:
a) Oxidized in air
b) Decomposed in sunlight
c) Explodes in sunlight
d) Reactive towards air in sunlight
194. Mercury is purified by:
a) Solidifying
b) Distillation in vacuum
c) Treatment with dil. HNO3
d) Electrolytic method
195. Pt black is
a) Pt metal mixed with MnO2
 b) Velvety black power obtained by reduction of PtCl4 with glucose or sodium formate
c) Pt metal coated with black colour
d) None of the above
196. ‘Hydride gap’ is referred to which region of the Periodic Table?
a) Groups 3, 4 and 5 b) Groups 5, 6 and 7 c) Groups 4, 5 and 6 d) Groups 7, 8 and 9
197. Which of the following electronic configuration represents the maximum magnetic moment?
a) 𝑑3 b) 𝑑2 c) 𝑑 8 d) 𝑑6
198. Volatile metals Zn, Cd and Hg are purified by:
a) Liquation b) Distillation c) Cupellation d) Electrolysis
199. Zinc, cadmium and mercury are:
a) 𝑑-block elements b) 𝑝-block elements c) 𝑠-block elements d) 𝑓-block elements
200. Select the incorrect statement about transition elements
a) The last electron enters in the 𝑑-orbital
b) Their properties are in between 𝑠 and 𝑝-block ellements
c) Scandium is the transition element with smallest atomic radii
d) Their common oxidation state is +3
201. Which of the following types of metals form the most efficient catalysts?
a) Alkali metals b) Alkaline earth metals
c) Transition metals d) All of these
202. In the reaction SnCl2 + 2HgCl2 ⟶ 𝐴 + SnCl4 , 𝐴 is:
a) Hg 2 Cl2 b) Hg c) HgCl d) HgCl3
203. Mohr salt is made up of which combination of salt?
a) Ammonium sulphate and potash. b) Ammonium sulphate and ferrous sulphate.
c) Ammonium sulphate and copper sulphate. d) Ammonium sulphate and magnesium sulphate.
204. Maximum oxidation state is presented by:
a) CrO2 Cl2 and MnO− 4 b) MnO2 c) [Fe(CN)6 ]3− and [Co(CN)d) 3−
6 ]MnO
205. Lanthanides are
a) 14 elements in the sixth period (atomic no. = 90 to 103) that are filling 4𝑓sub level.
b) 14 elements in the seventh period (atomic no. = 90 to 103) that are filling 5𝑓 sub level.
c) 14 elements in the sixth period (atomic no. = 58 to 71) that are filling 4𝑓 sub-level.
d) 14 elements in the seventh period (atomic no. = 58 to 71) that are filling 4𝑓 sub-level.
206. By annealing, steel
a) Becomes soft b) Becomes liquid
c) Becomes hard and brittle d) Is covered with a thin film of Fe3 O4
207. Which chromium compound is widely used in tanning of leather?
a) Cr2 O3 b) CrO2 Cl2 c) CrCl3 d) K 2 SO4 . Cr2 (SO4 )3 . 24H2 O
208. Purple of cassius is
a) Copper solution b) Platinum solution c) Gold solution d) Copper solution
209. Which is obtained when SO2 is bubbled through a solution of CuCl2 ?
a) Cu b) Cu2 Cl2 c) CuSO4 d) CuS
210. Substance which do not react with cold water but react with steam are:
a) C , Ca , SO2 b) Fe, Al, Cl2 c) CO2 , Na, Mg d) C, Fe, Mg
211. Which metal has the highest melting point?
a) Pt b) W c) Pd d) Au
212. Choose the correct reaction to prepare mercurous chloride (calomel)
a) HgCl + Hg →
∆
b) Hg + Cl2 ⟶ c) HgCl2 + SnCl2 ⟶ d) Both (a) and (c)
2
213. Density, malleability and ductility in coinage metals increase in the order:
a) Cu, Ag, Au b) Au, Ag, Cu c) Ag, Au, Cu d) Ag, Cu, Au
214. An acidified solution of KMnO4 oxidizes:
a) Sulphates b) Sulphites c) Nitrates d) Ferric salts
215. Magnetite is:
a) 2Fe2 O3 . 3H2 O b) FeS2 c) Fe3 O4 d) Fe2 O3
216. Least paramagnetic property is shown by
a) Fe b) Mn c) Ni d) Cu
217. Platinum, Palladium, irridium, etc., are called noble metals because:
a) Alfred Nobel discovered them
b) They are inert towards many common reagents
c) They are shining, lustrous and pleasing to look
d) They are found in native state
218. Silver obtained from argentiferous lead is purified by:
a) Distillation b) Froth floatation c) Cupellation d) Reaction with KCN
219. Paris green is:
a) Cu(CH3 COO)2 b) Cu3 (AsO3 )2 . 2H2 O c) Cu(CH3 COO)2 . 3Cu(AsO2d)
)2Co(AlO2 )2
220. Variable valency is shown by
a) Normal elements b) Transition elements c) Typical elements d) None of these
221. Which statement about Hg is correct?
a) Hg is the only liquid metal
b) Hg 2+ salts are more stable than Hg 2+2 salts
c) Hg forms no amalgam with iron and platinum
d) All of the above
222. Most abundant transition element is:
a) Fe b) Sc c) Os d) None of these
223. Which one of the following acts as an oxidizing agent?
a) Np4+ b) Sm2+ c) Eu2+ d) Yb2+
224. Which of the oxide of manganese is amphoteric?
a) MnO2 b) Mn2 O3 c) Mn2 O7 d) MnO
225. Which one of the following reactions will occur on heating AgNO3 above its melting point?
a) 2AgNO3 ⟶ 2Ag + 2NO2 + O2 b) 2AgNO3 ⟶ 2Ag + N2 + 3O2
c) 2AgNO 3 ⟶ 2AgNO 2 + O 2 d) 2AgNO3 ⟶ 2Ag + 2NO + 2O2
226. Which of the following is paramagnetic?
a) CuCl2 b) CaCl2 c) CdCl2 d) None of these
227. Which does not give a precipitate with excess of NaOH?
a) HgCl2 b) HgNO3 c) FeSO4 d) ZnSO4
228. Thermite is a mixture of iron oxide and:
a) Zn powder b) K metal c) Na Hg d) Al powder
229. Ruby copper is:
a) Cu2 O b) Cu(OH)2 c) CuCl2 d) Cu2 Cl2
230. The actinoids showing +7 oxidation state are
a) U, Np b) Pu, Am c) Np, Pu d) Am, Cm
231. Which match is incorrect?
a) Ammonia soda process manufacture of potassium carbonate
b) Bessemer’s process manufacture of steel
c) Mac Arthur and Forest process extraction of silver
d) Dow’s process manufacture of phenol
232. Carbon content of
a) Steel is in between those of cast iron and wrought iron.
b) Cast iron is in between those of steel and wrought iron.
c) Wrought iron is in between those of steel and cast iron.
d) Steel is higher than that of pig iron.
233. Which of the following pair is coloured in aqueous solution?
 a) Sc 3+ , Co2+ b) Ni2+ , Cu+ c) Ni2+ , Ti3+ d) Sc 3+ , Ti3+
234. ZnSO4 on heating to 800C gives:
a) ZnO + SO2 + O2 b) Zn + SO2 c) ZnS + O2 d) Zn + SO2 + O2
235. The ionization potential of transition metals is …. than 𝑝-block elements.
a) Less b) More c) Equal d) None of these
236. Spiegeleisn is an alloy of
a) Fe, Co and Cr b) Fe, Co and Mg c) Fe, Mg and C d) Fe, C and Mn
237. Which of the following group of transition metals is called coinage metals?
a) Cu, Ag, Au b) Ru, Rh, Pd c) Fe, CO, Ni d) Os, Ir, Pt
238. Cadmipone is a mixture of:
a) CdS and BaSO4 b) CaSO4 and BaS c) CaS and ZnSO4 d) CaSO4 and ZnS
239. Which one of the following does not correctly represent the correct order of the property indicated against
it?
a) Ti < V < Cr < Mn : increasing number of oxidation states
b) Ti3+ < V 3+ < 𝐶r 3+ < 𝑀n3+ : increasing magnetic moment
c) Ti < V < Cr < Mn : increasing melting points
d) Ti < V < Mn < Cr : increasing 2nd ionization enthalpy
240. In chromite ore, the oxidation number of iron and chromium are respectively.
a) +3,+2 b) +3,+6 c) +2,+6 d) +2,+3
241. The compound which gives oxygen on moderate heating is:
a) Zinc oxide b) Mercuric oxide c) Aluminium oxide d) Ferric oxide
242. The form of iron having the highest carbon content is
a) Cast iron b) Wrought iron c) Stainless steel d) Mild steel
243. An ore of silver is:
a) Argentite b) Stibnite c) Haematite d) Bauxite
244. Roasting of HgS in air produces:
a) HgO b) HgSO3 c) HgSO4 d) Hg
245. Transuranic elements begins with
a) Np b) Cm c) Pu d) U
246. A solution when diluted with H2 O and boiled gives a white ppt. On addition of excess NH4 Cl/NH4 OH, the
volume of precipitate decreases due to dissolution leaving behind a white gelatinous precipitate. The
precipitate which dissolves in NH4 OH/NH4 Cl is:
a) Zn(OH)2 b) Al(OH)3 c) Mg(OH)2 d) Ca(OH)2
247. Which of the following is not correct about transition metals?
a) Their compounds are generally coloured. b) They can form ionic or covalent compounds.
c) Their melting and boiling points are high. d) They do not exhibit variable valency.
248. Which one of the following does not decolourise an acidified KMnO4 solution?
a) SO2 b) FeCl3 c) H2 O2 d) FeSO4
249. Which of the following pairs of elements cannot form an alloy?
a) Zn, Cu b) Fe, Hg c) Fe, C d) Hg, Na
250. Which is known as purple of Cassius?
a) Colloidal silver solution
b) Colloidal gold solution
c) Aqueous solution of soap
d) As2 S3 colloidal solution
251. Which of the following ionic species will impart colour to an aqueous solution?
a) Cu+ b) Zn2+ c) Cr 3+ d) Ti4+
252. The outer electronic configuration of Gd (At. No 64) is
a) 4𝑓 3 5𝑑5 6𝑠 2 b) 4𝑓 8 5𝑑0 6𝑠 2 c) 4𝑓 4 5𝑑4 6𝑠 2 d) 4𝑓 7 5𝑑1 𝑠 2
253. Mercury is a liquid metal because
 a) It has a completely filled 𝑠-orbital.
b) It has a small atomic size.
c) It has a completely filled 𝑑-orbital that prevents 𝑑 − 𝑑 overlapping of orbitals.
d) It has a completely filled 𝑑- orbital that causes 𝑑 − 𝑑 overlapping.
254. Composition of azurite mineral is
a) CuCO3 . CuO b) Cu(HCO3 )2 . Cu(OH)2 c) 2CuCO3 . Cu(OH)2 d) CuCO3 . 2Cu(OH)2
255. What would happen when a solution of potassium chromate is treated with an excess of dilute nitric acid?
a) Cr 3+ and Cr2 O2− 7 are formed
2−
b) Cr2 O7 and H2 O are formed
c) CrO2−4 is reduced to + 3 state of Cr
d) None of the above
256. Zn gives H2 gas with H2 SO4 and HCl but not with HNO3 because:
a) Zn acts as an oxidising agent when react with HNO3
b) HNO3 is weaker acid than H2 SO4 and HCl
c) In electrochemical series Zn is above hydrogen
d) NO− 3 ion is reduced in preference to hydronium ion
257. Which of the following is also known as “Fools gold”?
a) Wurtzite b) Iron pyrites c) Chalcocite d) Silver glance
258. When steam is passed over heated iron, one of the products is:
a) FeO b) Fe2 O3 c) Fe3 O4 d) FeSO4
259. In the electrolytic refining of zinc
a) Graphite is at the anode. b) The impure metal is at the cathode.
c) The metal ion get reduced at the anode. d) Acidified zinc sulphate is the electrolyte.
260. Which pair of lanthanides is used in glass, blowers, goggles?
a) Np, Pu b) Pu, Gd c) Fm, Ho d) Pr, Ho
261. One of the following metals forms a volatile compound and this property is taken advantage for its
extraction. This metal is
a) Iron b) Nickel c) Cobalt d) Tungsten
262. Pig iron is converted into steel by reducing the amount of carbon contained in it, in a:
a) Blast furnace b) Pyrite burner c) Bessemer’s converter d) None of these
263. Which one of the following forms a complex of coordination number 2 with excess of CN− ions?
a) Cu+ b) Ag + c) Ni2+ d) Fe2+
264. The radius of La3+ (Atomic number of La = 57) is 1.06 Å. Which one of the following given values will be
closest to the radius of Lu3+?
(Atomic number of Lu=71)
a) 1.60 Å b) 1.40 Å c) 1.06 Å d) 0.85 Å
265. When oxyhaemoglobin changes to deoxyhaemoglobin, Fe ion changes from
2+

a) Diamagnetic to paramagnetic b) Paramagnetic to diamagnetic

c) Diamagnetic to ferromagnetic d) Paramagnetic to ferromagnetic
266. Which statement is incorrect?
a) Silver glance mainly contains silver sulphide
b) Gold is found in native state
c) Zinc blende mainly contains zinc chloride
d) Copper pyrites also contain Fe2 S3
267. Amongst TiF62− , CoF63− , Cu2 Cl2 and NiCl2− 4
(atomic no Ti=22, Co=27, Cu=29,Ni=28) the colourless species are
a) CoF63− and NiCl2− 4 b) TiF62− and CoF63− , c) Cu2 Cl2 and NiCl2−
4 d) TiF62− and Cu2 Cl2
268. Among the following series of transition metal ions, the one where all metal ions have 3𝑑2 electronic
configuration is:
a) Ti3+ , V 2+ , Cr 3+ , Mn4+
 b) Ti+ , V 4+ , Cr 6+ , Mn7+
c) Ti4+ , V 3+ , Cr 2+ , Mn3+
d) Ti2+ , V 3+ , Cr 4+ , Mn5+
269. Calomel (Hg 2 Cl2 ) on reaction with ammonium hydroxide gives
a) HgO b) Hg 2 O
c) NH2 — Hg— Hg— Cl d) HgNH2 Cl
270. Steel resistant to acid is:
a) Carbon steel b) Molybdenum steel c) Stainless steel d) Nickel steel
271. Non-stoichiometric compounds are formed by:
a) Alkali metals
b) Transition elements
c) Noble gases
d) More than one of the above elements
272. 𝑑-block elements generally form:
a) Covalent hydrides b) Metallic hydrides c) Interstitial hydrides d) Salt-like hydrides
273. The element present in red blood cells of human blood is:
a) Fe b) Ra c) Co d) All of these
274. The element which exhibit both vertical and horizontal similarities are:
a) Inert gas elements
b) Representative elements
c) Rare elements
d) Transition elements
275. Which occurs in nature in free state?
a) Fe b) Co c) Ni d) Pt
276. H2 S is passed in aqueous solution of ….. to give a white precipitate of ZnS.
a) ZnCl2 b) Zn(NO3 )2 c) (CH3 COO)2 Zn d) None of these
277. Which of the following are 𝑑-block elements but not regarded as transition elements?
a) Cu, Ag, Au b) Zn, Cd, Hg c) Fe, Co, Ni d) Ru, Rh, Pd
278. Which is the least soluble in water?
a) AgCl b) Ag 2 S c) AgI d) AgBr
279. Which of the following elements is alloyed with copper to form brass?
a) Bismuth b) Zinc c) Lead d) Antimony
280. When KMnO4 reacts with acidified FeSO4 :
a) Only FeSO4 is oxidized
b) Only KMnO4is oxidized
c) FeSO4 is oxidized and KMnO4 is reduced
d) None of the above
281. The nitrate of which metal leaves metallic globule on heating strongly?
a) Cu(NO3 )2 b) AgNO3 c) NaNO3 d) Pb(NO3 )2
282. Mond process is used in the extraction of:
a) Co b) Ni c) Mo d) Zn
283. Blue colour/precipitate will be obtained when K 4 [Fe(CN)6 ] reacts with:
a) Fe(II) ions b) Cu(II) ions c) Fe(III) ions d) Cu(I) ions
284. Two of the constituents of German silver are
a) Ag + Cu b) Ag + Zn c) Cu + Zn d) Cu + Sn
285. A metal is left exposed to air for sometime. It becomes coated with basic green carbonate. The metal is:
a) K b) Cu c) Zn d) Al
286. Zn and Cd do not show variable valency, because:
a) They have only two electrons in outermost subshells
b) Their 𝑑-subshells are complete
 c) Their 𝑑-subshells are incomplete
d) They are relatively soft metals
287. One of the important uses of ferrous sulphate is in the:
a) Manufacture of blue-black ink
b) Manufacture of chalks
c) Preparation of hydrogen sulphide
d) Preparation of sulphur dioxide
288. Blue vitriol is:
a) CuSO4 . 7H2 O b) ZnSO4 . 7H2 O c) CuSO4 . 5H2 O d) FeSO4 . 7H2 O
289. Zn does not show variable valency because of
a) Complete 𝑑-subshell b) Inert pair effect c) 4𝑠 2 -subshell d) None of these
290. Which of the following statement (s) is/are correct with reference to the ferrous and ferric ions?
a) Fe3+ given brown colour with ammonium thiocyanate
b) Fe3+ gives brown colour with potassium ferricyanide
c) Fe3+ gives red colour with potassium thiocyanate
d) Fe2+ gives red precipitate with potassium ferricyanide
291. In vapour state Cu(NO3 )2 and Cu2 (CH3 COO)4 . 2H2 O exist as:
a) Dimer, monomer b) Monomer, dimer c) Monomer, monomer d) Dimer, dimer
292. Which oxide is least stable at room temperature?
a) CuO b) Ag 2 O c) ZnO d) Sb2 O3
293. Which of the following metal is correctly matched with its ore?
Metal Ore
a) Zinc Calamine b) Silver Ilmenite
c) Magnesium Cassiterite d) Tin Azurite
294. Iron is obtained on large scale from haematite(Fe2 O3 ):
a) By reduction
b) By oxidation
c) By reduction followed by oxidation
d) By oxidation followed by reduction
295. Which oxide of manganese is amphoteric?
a) MnO b) MnO2 c) Mn2 O7 d) Mn2 O3
296. Which among the following metals does not dissolve in aqua regia?
a) Pt b) Pd c) Au d) Ir
297. The one which has lowest ox. no. of Hg:
a) Hg(NO2 )2 b) HgCl2 c) Hg(NO3 )2 d) Hg 2 Cl2
298. The fraction of chlorine precipitated by AgNO3 solution from [Co(NH )
3 5 Cl]Cl2 is:
a) 1/2 b) 2/3 c) 1/3 d) 1/4
299. Which statement is correct?
a) Cd rods are used in atomic reactors to slow down nuclear reaction
b) Cd is a good absorber of neutrons
c) CdS is used as pigment
d) All of the above
300. Acidified solution of chromic acid on treatment with hydrogen peroxide yields
a) CrO5 + H2 O b) H2 Cr2 O7 + H2 O + O2
c) Cr2 O3 + H2 O + O2 d) CrO3 + H2 O + O2
301. Substance used in glazing pottery is:
a) ZnO b) ZnCl2 c) Alum d) Calome
302. The brown ring complex compound is formulated as [Fe(H2 O)5 (NO)]SO4 . The oxidation state of iron is:
a) +1 b) +2 c) +3 d) +4
303. For the four successive transition elements (Cr, Mn, Fe and Co), the stability of +2 oxidation state will be
 there in which of the following order?
a) Cr > Mn > Co > Fe
b) Mn > Fe > Cr > Co
c) Fe > Mn > Co > Cr
d) Co > Mn > Fe > Cr
(At. Nos. Cr = 24, Mn = 25, Fe = 26, Co = 27)
304. Which of the following methods can’t be used to prepare anhydrous zinc chloride?
a) Passing dry chlorine over heated zinc
b) Passing dry hydrogen chloride over heated zinc
c) Heating the crystal of ZnCl2 ∙ 2H2 O
d) Distilling metallic zinc with mercury (II) chloride
305. Prussian blue is due to formation of
a) Fe[Fe(CN)6 ]3 b) Fe2 [Fe(CN)6 ] c) Fe4 [Fe(CN)6 ]3 d) Fe3 [Fe(CN)6 ]
306. For which one of the following ions, the colour is not due to a 𝑑 − 𝑑 transition?
a) CrO2−4 b) Cu(NH3 )2+
4 c) Ti(H2 O)3+
6 d) CoF63−
307. Which of the following statement is not correct?
a) La(OH)3 is less basic than Lu(OH)3
b) In lanthanide series ionic radius of Ln3+ ions decrease
c) Zn, Cd, Hg are colourless and are diamagnetic
d) Mn shows maximum oxidation state is +7
308. Which of the following lanthanide is commonly used?
a) Lanthanum b) Nobelium c) Thorium d) Cerium
309. Blueprint papers have a coating of:
a) Mixture of potassium ferricyanide and ammonium ferric citrate or ferric oxalate
b) Sodium nitroprusside
c) Prussian blue
d) None of the above
310. Colour in transition metal compounds is attributed to:
a) Small sized metal ions
b) Absorption of light in the UV region
c) Complete 𝑛𝑠-subshell
d) 𝑑 − 𝑑 transition
311. Which is not ferromagnetic?
a) Fe b) Co c) Ni d) V
312. Various methods have been employed for protecting iron from rusting. Which of the following is
incorrect?
a) Zinc plating is more permanent than chrome plating
b) Zinc protects iron but gets corroded itself
c) Tin plating is cheap but unreliable
d) None of the above
313. A clock spring is heated to a high temperature and then suddenly plunged into cold water. This treatment
will cause the metal to become:
a) Soft and ductile
b) More springy than before
c) Hard and brittle (case hardening)
d) Strongly magnetic
314. Which has the lowest melting point?
a) Cs b) Na c) Hg d) Sn
315. The temperature of the slag zone in the metallurgy of iron using blast furnace is
a) 1200-1500°c b) 1500-1600°c c) 400-700°c d) 800-1000°c
316. Oxygen is absorbed by molten Ag, which is evolved on cooling and the silver particles are scattered; the
phenomenon is known as:
a) Silvering of mirror b) Spitting of silver c) Frosting of silver d) Hairing of silver
317. Which of the following statements regarding copper salts is not true?
a) Copper(I) Disproportionates into Cu and Cu(II) in aqueous solution
Copper(I) can be stabilised by the formation of insoluble complex compounds such as CuCl− 2 and
b) −
Cu(CN)2
c) Copper(I) oxide is red powder
d) Hydrated CuSO4 is Cu(H2 O)4 ]SO4 . H2 O
318. Which compound cannot be prepared?
a) Zn(OH)2 b) Cd(OH)2 c) Hg(OH)2 d) HgCl2
319. The colour of solution obtained by adding excess of KI in the solution of HgCl2 is:
a) Orange b) Brown c) Red d) Colourless
320. Which of the following is the correct sequence of atomic weights of given elements?
a) Co > 𝑁𝑖 > 𝐹𝑒 b) Fe > 𝐶𝑜 > 𝑁𝐼 c) Fe > 𝑁𝑖 > 𝐶𝑜 d) Ni > 𝐶𝑜 > 𝐹𝑒
321. Which of the following is known as lunar caustic when in the fused state?
a) Silver nitrate b) Silver sulphate c) Silver chloride d) Sodium sulphate
322. Silver chloride dissolves in a solution of ammonia but not in water because:
a) Ammonia is a better solvent than water
b) Silver ion forms a complex ion with ammonia
c) Ammonia is a stronger base than water
d) The dipole moment of water molecule is higher than that of ammonia molecule
323. Which metal is ferromagnetic?
a) Cr b) Fe c) Zn d) Al
324. Which of the following is called white vitriol?
a) ZnCl2 b) MgSO4 ∙ 7H2 O c) Al2 (SO4 )3 d) ZnSO4 ∙ 7H2 O
325. The process of heating of steel to temperature much below redness and then slowly cooling is called:
a) Annealing b) Hardening c) Tempering d) Case hardening
326. “925 fine silver” means an alloy of
a) 7.5 % of Ag and 92.5 % Cu b) 92.5 % Ag and 7.5% Cu
c) 80% Ag and 20% Cu d) 90% Ag and 10% Cu
327. The compound used in preservation of wood is:
a) NaCl b) HgCl2 c) ZnCl2 d) CaCl2
328. In photography we use
a) AgI b) NH3 c) AgCl d) AgBr
329. Brass, bronze and German silver have one common metal. This is
a) Zn b) Fe c) Al d) Cu
330. Transition metal used for making joins in jewellery is
a) Zn b) Cu c) Ag d) Cd
331. Which of the following elements has the maximum first ionization potential?
a) V b) Ti c) Mn d) Cr
332. Fulminating gold is:
a) CuFeS2
b) FeS2
c) Au(NH2 ) = NH or AuN2 H3
d) AuCl3
333. The transition metal present in vitamin B12 is:
a) Fe b) Co c) Ni d) Na
334. The most convenient method to protect bottom of ship made of iron is
a) Coating with red lead oxide b) Connecting with ‘Pb’ block
c) Connecting with ‘Mg’ block d) White tin plating
335. The reaction MnO− 2−
4 + 𝑒 ⟶ MnO4 takes place in:
a) Basic medium
b) Acidic medium
c) Neutral medium
d) Both acidic and basic medium
336. Which metal is used in making cathode containers of dry cell?
a) Zn b) Bi c) Cr d) Fe
337. Railway wagon axles are made by heating iron rods embedded in charcoal powder. This process is known
as
a) Tempering b) Case hardening c) Sherardising d) Annealing
338. The methods chiefly used for the extraction of lead and tin from their ores are respectively
a) Self reduction and carbon reduction b) Self reduction and electrolytic reduction
c) carbon reduction and self reduction d) Cyanide process and carbon reduction
339. The most stable oxidation state of lanthanides is
a) +2 b) +4 c) 0 d) +3
340. In context of the lanthanoids, which of the following statements is not correct?
a) There is a gradual decrease in the radii of the members with increasing atomic number in the series.
b) All the members exhibit +3 oxidation state.
c) Because of similar properties the separation of lanthanoids is not easy.
A vailability of 4𝑓-electrons results in the formation of compounds in +4 state for all members of the
d)
series.
341. The matte obtained in the extraction of copper contains:
a) FeSiO2 b) SiO2 + FeS c) FeS + Cu2 S d) CuS + SiO2 + FeO
342. The electronic configuration of actinoids can to be assigned with degree of certainty because of
a) Overlapping of inner orbitals
b) Free movement of electrons over all the orbitals
c) Small energy difference between 5𝑓 and 6𝑑 levels
d) None of the above
343. In Mac Arthur forrest method, silver is extracted from the solution of Na[Ag(CN)2 ] by the use of
a) Fe b) Mg c) Cu d) Zn
344. Transition elements are coloured
a) Due to unpaired 𝑑-ellectrons b) Due to small size
c) Due to metallic nature d) All of the above
345. Which one of the elements with the following outer orbital configurations may exhibit the largest number
of oxidation states?
a) 3𝑑2 4𝑠 2 b) 3𝑑 3 4𝑠 2 c) 3𝑑5 4𝑠1 d) 3𝑑5 4𝑠 2
346. Lanthanide contraction occurs because
a) 𝑓-orbitals are incompletely filled
b) 𝑓-orbital electrons are easily lost
c) 𝑓-orbital do not come out on the surface of atom and are buried inside
d) 𝑓-orbital electron are poor shielders of nuclear charge
347. Silver nitrate produces a black stain on skin due to:
a) Its corrosive action
b) Its reduction to metallic silver
c) Its strong reducing action
d) The formation of a complex compound
348. The most stable ion is:
a) Mn2+ b) Sc 4+ c) Fe2+ d) Mn3+
349. The +3 ion of which one of the following has half-filled 4𝑓 sunshell?
a) La b) Lu c) Gd d) Ce
350. Calomel may be freed from traces of metallic mercury by washing with:
a) dil. HNO3 b) dil. H2 SO4 c) Water d) Aqua regia
351. One of the following is false for Hg:
a) It can evolve hydrogen from H2 S
b) It is metal
c) It has high specific heat
d) It is less reactive than H2
352. Brass is an alloy of:
a) Zn and Cu b) Cu and Sn c) Zn and Sn d) Cu, Zn and sn
353. Maximum paramagnetism in 3𝑑-series is shown by:
a) Mn b) Co c) Ni d) Fe
354. The metal used for making armoured steel for tanks and domestic safes is:
a) Manganese b) Aluminium c) Lead d) Chromium
355. Which of the following metals has been used in making boats because it has resistance to corrosion by
seawater?
a) W b) Cu c) Ni d) Ti
356. Which ore contains both iron and copper?
a) Cuprite b) Chalcocite c) Chalcopyrite d) Malachite
357. K Cr O → ∆
K CrO + O + 𝑋. In the above reaction 𝑋 is
2 2 7 2 4 2
a) CrO3 b) Cr2 O7 c) Cr2 O3 d) CrO5
358. Blood red colour solution is produced when ferric chloride solution is treated with:
a) KCN b) KSCN c) KCNO d) K 3 [Fe(CN)6 ]
359. The group of metals which is known as ferrous metals is:
a) Fe, Co, Ni b) Ru, Rh, Pd c) Os, Ir, Pt d) Cr, Mn, Cu
360. In the chemical reaction;
Ag 2 O + H2 O + 2𝑒 − ⟶2Ag + 2OH −
a) Water is oxidised b) Electrons are reduced c) Silver is oxidised d) Silver is reduced
361. Which is not correct for transition metals?
a) Variable oxidation states
b) Complex formation
c) Partially filled 𝑑-orbitals
d) All the ions are colourless
362. Magnetic moment of [Ag(CN)2 ]− is zero. How many unpaired electrons are there?
a) Zero b) 4 c) 3 d) 1
363. The first man-made atom is:
a) Os b) Na c) Zr d) Tc
364. Amongst the following, the lowest degree of paramagnetism per mole of the compound at 298 K will be
shown by
a) MnSO4 .4H2 O b) NiSO4 .6H2 O c) FeSO4 .6H2 O d) CuSO4 .5H2 O
365. Which compound does not dissolve in hot, dil. HNO3 ?
a) HgS b) PbS c) CuS d) CdS
366. Heteropoly acids are formed by:
a) Be b) Fe c) Mo d) Cr
367. When mercury (I) chloride is heated and the vapour so evolved are cooled, the substance on sublimation
thus collected consists of
a) Mercury and mercury (II) chloride b) Mercury (II) chloride
c) Mercury (I) and mercury (II) chloride d) Mercury
368. Steel contains:
a) 2.5 4.5%C b) 0.5 1.5%C c) 0.12 0.25%C d) 1 2%C
369. Silver halides are used in photography because they are:
 a) Photosensitive
b) Soluble in hypo solution
c) Soluble in NH4 OH
d) Insoluble in acids
370. A lady’s 18 carat gold wedding ring has become discoloured with some minute drops of mercury from a
broken thermometer. Which of the following treatments would restore it to its original condition?
a) Place it in hot strong nitric acid
b) Place it in cold dilute hydrochloric acid
c) Heat it gently in a sand-bath
d) Heat it in chlorine
371. Oxidation state of Hg in amalgam is:
a) Zero b) One c) Two d) Three
372. In the manufacture of iron from an iron oxide ore, limestone is added because it acts as:
a) An oxidizing agent b) A reducing agent c) A flux d) A precipitating agent
373. The coordination number of copper in the complex formed by adding excess of NH3 to CuSO4 solution is:
a) 4 b) 2 c) 6 d) 5
374. In order to refine “blister copper” it is melted in a furnace and is stirred with green logs of wood. The
purpose is:
a) To expel the dissolved gases in the blister copper
b) To bring the impurities to surfaces and oxidise them
c) To increase the carbon content of copper
d) To reduce the metallic oxide impurities with hydrocarbon gases liberated from the wood
375. Permanent magnets are generally made of alloys of
a) Mn b) Co c) Pb d) Zn
376. Which metal sulphide is not black?
a) NiS b) CoS c) CuS d) ZnS
377. The white solid that turns black on addition of NH4 OH is:
a) AgCl b) PbCl2 c) Hg 2 Cl2 d) Hg 2 I2
378. Which of the following represents ammonium molybdate?
a) (NH4 )2 MoO4 b) (NH4 )MoO2 c) (NH4 )2 MoO3 d) NH4 . 12MoO3
379. Gold and silver are called noble metals, because:
a) They do not normally react
b) Even acids cannot dissolve them
c) They are used in jewellery
d) They are worn by noble men
380. The colour of 62 Sm3+ is yellow. The expected colour of 66 Dy 3+ is
a) Yellow b) Red c) Blue d) Green
381. Which is not an ore of iron?
a) Haematite b) Magnetite c) Cassiterite d) Limonite
382. On adding excess of NH3 solution to CuSO4 solution, the dark blue colour is due to
a) [Cu(NH3 )]+ b) [Cu(NH3 )4 ]2+ c) [Cu(NH3 )2 ]2+ d) None of these
383. Other forms of iron can be produced from:
a) Cast iron b) Wrought iron c) Pig iron d) Steel
384. The variety of iron having highest melting point is:
a) Pig iron b) Cast iron c) Wrought iron d) Steel
385. Most of the transition metals are paramagnetic due to the presence of:
a) Completed 𝑑-orbitals b) Completed 𝑓-orbitals c) Unpaired electrons d) None of these
386. Spelter is:
a) Impure Cu b) Impure zinc c) ZnO d) CuO
387. Which of the following is philosopher’s wool?
 a) ZnO b) HgO c) Ag 2 O d) CuO
388. The density of transition metals….in a series.
a) Gradually increases b) Gradually decreases c) Remains constant d) None of these
389. Silver containing lead as impurity is purified by
a) Poling b) Cupellation c) Lavigation d) Distillation
390. Which of the following elements is present as the impurity to the maximum extent in the pig iron?
a) Phosphorus b) Manganese c) Carbon d) Silicon
391. The magnetic moment of Cu2+ ion is
a) 2.73 b) Zero c) 1.93 d) 1.73
392. Percentage of nickel in nickel steel is:
a) 1.5% b) 3.5% c) 6.5% d) 8.5%
393. The formula of mercurous ion is:
a) Hg + b) Hg +2 c) Hg 2+
2 d) None of these
394. Which pair consists only acidic oxides?
a) CrO3 , Mn2 O7 b) ZnO2 , Al2 O3 c) CaO, ZnO d) Na2 O, Al2 O3
395. The extraction of which of the following metals involves bessemerization?
a) Fe b) Ag c) Al d) Cu
396. Nessler’s reagent is:
a) KHgI4 b) K 2 HgI4 c) K 2 HgI4 + NaOH d) KHgI4 + NaOH
397. Mac Arthur and Forest cyanide process is used in the extraction of:
a) Cu b) Ag and Au c) Fe d) Cr
398. Which is the chief ore of copper?
a) Galena b) Copper pyrites c) Sphalerite d) Siderite
399. Spiegeleisen is an alloy of:
a) Fe and Mn b) Fe, Mn and C c) Fe, Mn and Cr d) Fe and Cr
400. Among the following ions (hydrated), the colourless metal ion is
a) Cu+ b) Cu2+ c) Fe2+ d) Mn2+
401. Transition elements exhibit positive oxidation states only. This is because of:
a) Their large size of the atoms
b) Their electropositive nature
c) Their electronegative nature
d) Their paramagnetic nature
402. Transition metal with low oxidation number will act as
a) An oxidizing agent b) A base c) An acid d) None of these
403. The composition of bell metal is
a) Cu + Sn b) Cu + Ni c) Cu + Zn d) Cu + Ag
404. The most correct statement for transition metals is:
a) They possess low b.p.
b) They exhibit inert pair effect
c) They exhibit variable oxidation states
d) They do not possess catalytic property
405. During the process of electrolytic refining of copper, some metals present as impurity settle as ‘anode
mud’.
These are
a) Fe and Ni b) Ag and Au c) Pb and Zn d) Se and Ag
406. A compound of a metal ion 𝑀 (Z = 24) has a spin only magnetic moment of √15 Bohr Magnetons. The
𝑥+

number of unpaired electrons in the compound are:

a) 2 b) 4 c) 5 d) 3
407. Lightest transition element is:
a) Fe b) Sc c) Os d) Co
408. AuCl3 when heated in air gives:
a) Gold oxide b) Gold perchlorate c) Gold nitride d) AuCl
409. White vitriol is:
a) CuSO4 . 5H2 O b) FeSO4 . 7H2 O c) ZnSO4 . 7H2 O d) NiSO4 . 5H2 O
410. The metal which liberates hydrogen from hot NaOH solution is:
a) Zn b) Cu c) Ag d) Fe
411. A yellow precipitate will be obtained if AgNO3 is added to a solution of:
a) KIO3 b) KI c) CHI3 d) CH2 I2
412. Which form of iron has lowest percentage of carbon?
a) Cast iron
b) Wrought iron
c) Steel
d) All have same percentage
413. The element that does not form a nitride is:
a) Al b) Mg c) Ag d) Ca
414. When dil. H2 SO4 is added to aqueous solution of potassium chromate, yellow colour of solution turns to
orange colour. It indicates
a) Chromate ions are reduced.
b) Chromate ions are oxidised.
c) Mono centric complex is converted into dicentric complex.
d) Oxygen gets removed from chromate ions.
415. Copper exhibits only +2 oxidation state in its stable compounds. Why?
a) Copper is transition metal in +2 state.
b) +2 state compounds of copper are formed by exothermic reactions.
c) Electron configuration of copper in +2 state is [Ar]3𝑑9 4𝑠 0 .
d) Copper gives coloured compounds in +2 state.
416. In blast furnace the highest temperature is in:
a) Reduction zone b) Slag zone c) Combustion zone d) Fusion zone
417. Anhydrous ferric chloride is prepared by
a) Dissolving Fe(OH)3 in concentrated HCl. b) Dissolving Fe(OH)3 in dilute HCl.
c) Passing dry HCl over heated iron scrap. d) Passing dry Cl2 gas over heated iron scrap.
418. Green vitriol is
1
a) FeSO4 . 7H2 O b) ZnSO4 . 7H2 O c) CuSO4 . 5H2 O d) CaSO4 . H2 O
2
419. Photographic films or plates have …. as an essential ingredient.
a) Silver bromide b) Silver oxide c) Silver thiosulphate d) Silver nitrate
420. During the extraction of gold the following reactions take place
O2
Au + CN − + H2 O → [𝑋]
[𝑋] + Zn ⟶ [𝑌] + Au
𝑋and 𝑌 are respectively
a) [Au(CN)2 ]− and [Zn(CN)6 ]4− b) [Au(CN)4 ]2− and [Zn(CN)4 ]2−
c) [Au(CN)4 ] and [Zn(CN)4 ]
3− 2− d) [Au(CN)2 ]− and [Zn(CN)4 ]2−
421. Second series of transition elements starts with:
a) Yttrium b) Chromium c) Zinc d) Scandium
422. The electronic configuration of chromium is
a) [Ne]3𝑠 2 3𝑝6 3𝑑4 4𝑠 2 b) [Ne]3𝑠 2 3𝑝6 3𝑑 5 4𝑠1
c) [Ne]3𝑠 2 3𝑝5 3𝑑5 4𝑠 2 d) [Ne]3𝑠 2 3𝑝5 3𝑑 6 4𝑠1
423. Which of the following belongs to the actinoid series of elements?
a) Y b) Ta c) U d) Lu
424. Which of the following statements is not true in regard to transition elements?
 a) All their ions are colourless
b) They show variable valency
c) They readily form complex compounds
d) Their ions contain partially filled 𝑑-elelctron levels
425. Sterling silver:
a) Is an alloy of Ag + Cu
b) Contains 80% Ag + 20% Cu
c) Is used in jewellery
d) All of the above
426. The impurity of sulphur makes the iron:
a) Fibrous b) Red short c) Cold short d) Malleable
427. In Cu (Z = 29):
a) 13 electrons have spin in one direction and 16 electrons in other direction
b) 14 electrons have spin in one direction and 15 electrons in other direction
c) All the electrons have spin in one direction
d) None of the above
428. Which of the following has the maximum number of unpaired 𝑑-elelments?
a) Fe2+ b) Cu+ c) Zn d) Ni3+
429. Zn cannot displace the following ions from their aqueous solutions:
a) Ag + b) Cu2+ c) Fe2+ d) Na+
430. The lanthanide contraction is responsible for the fact that
a) Zr and Zn have the same oxidation state b) Zr and Hf have about the same radius
c) Zr and Nb have similar oxidation state d) Zr and Y have about the same radius
431. Prussian blue is formed when:
a) Ferrous sulphate reacts with FeCl3
b) Ferric sulphate reacts with K 4 [Fe(CN)6 ]
c) Ferrous ammonium sulphate reacts with FeCl3
d) Ammonium sulphate reacts with FeCl3
432. On the extraction of iron, the slag produced is
a) CO b) FeSiO3 c) MgSiO3 d) CaSiO3
433. In the purification of copper by electrolysis, which is incorrect?
a) Acidic solution of Cu(II) sulphate is used
b) H3 O+ ion is discharged at cathode
c) Anode is made of Impure copper
d) OH − is discharged at anode
434. HgCl2 is reduced to Hg 2 Cl2 by:
a) CH3 COOH b) CCl4 c) HCOOH d) NH3
435. Among the following the compound that is both paramagnetic and coloured is
a) K 2 Cr2 O7 b) (NH4 )2 [TiCl6 ] c) VOSO4 d) K 3 [Cu(CN)4 ]
436. Ferrous sulphate(FeSO4 . 7H2 O)is known as
a) Vermillion b) Glauber’s salt c) Green vitriol d) Mohr’s salt
437. Identify the reaction that does not take place in a blast furnace.
a) CaCO3 ⟶ CaO + CO2 b) CaO + SiO2 ⟶ CaSiO3
c) 2Fe2 O3 + 3C ⟶ 4Fe + 3CO2 d) CO2 + C ⟶ 2CO
438. The number of incomplete orbitals in inner transition elements is:
a) 3 b) 4 c) 2 d) 1
439. The final step in the metallurgical extraction of Cu metal from Cu pyrites takes place in a Bessemer
converter. The reaction taking place is:
a) Cu2 S + O2 ⟶ 2Cu + SO2
b) 4Cu2 O + FeS ⟶ 8Cu + FeSO4
 c) 2Cu2 O + Cu2 S ⟶ 6Cu + SO2
d) Cu2 S + 2FeO ⟶ 2CuO + 2Fe + SO2
440. The smelting of iron in a blast furnace involves the following processes:
a) Combustion b) Reduction c) Slag formation d) All of these
441. The flux used in the smelting of copper is:
a) Limestone b) Magnesia c) Silica d) Coke
442. The magnetic moment of a salt containing Zn ion is
2+

a) 0 b) 1.87 c) 5.92 d) 2
443. The common metal in brass, bronze and german silver is:
a) Cu b) Mg c) Al d) Zn
444. Which of the following is not a member of 3𝑑-transition series?
a) Fe b) Co c) Au d) Cu
445. The formula of azurite is
a) CuCO3 . Cu(OH)2 b) 2CuCO3 . Cu(OH)2 c) CuCO3 . 2Cu(OH)2 d) CuSO4 . Cu(OH)2
446. The formula of haematite is :
a) Fe3 O4 b) Fe2 O3 c) FeCO3 d) FeS2
447. A substance which turns blue when treated with water is:
a) CuSO4 b) CuSO4 . 5H2 O c) CoSO4 d) Au2 (SO4 )3
448. Which metal does not form amalgam?
a) Fe b) Cu c) Ag d) Zn
449. Which of the following is correct?
a) Calomel is mercuric chloride
b) Calomel is widely used as an antiseptic
c) Calomel is used medically as purgative
d) Calomel is freely soluble in water
450. The process used in obtaining metallic silver from argentite is:
a) Fused mixture of Ag 2 S and KCl is electrolysed
b) Ag 2 S is reduced with CO
c) Ag 2 S is roasted to Ag 2 O which is reduced with C
d) Treating with NaCN solution followed by metal displacement with zinc
451. Which one of the following pairs of substances on reaction will not evolve H2 gas?
a) Iron and H2 SO4 (𝑎𝑞)
b) Iron and steam
c) Copper and HCl(g)
d) Sodium and ethyl alcohol
452. Which statement about group 12 elements is wrong?
a) Zinc forms an alloy with copper
b) Zn2+
2 is stable
c) Mercury gives compounds with +1 and +2 valencies
d) Hg is a liquid element
453. Which of the following is coated over iron articles to protect iron from corrosion?
a) Paint b) Zinc metal c) Tin metal d) All of these
454. The gas obtained by reactions of K 4 Fe(CN)6 with conc. H2 SO4 is
a) H2 S b) CO c) NO2 d) CO2
455. Blister copper is
a) Impure Cu b) Cu alloy
c) Pure Cu d) Cu having 1% impurity
456. Effective magnetic moment of Sc ion is
3+

a) 1.73 b) 0 c) 5.92 d) 2.83

457. ZnS containing minute traces of MnS becomes:
 a) Deliquescent b) Phosphorescent c) Hygroscopic d) None of these
458. Platinum metal can be dissolved in:
a) Hot concentrated hydrochloric acid
b) Hot concentrated nitric acid
c) Hot dilute sulphuric acid
d) A mixture of hydrochloric and nitric acids
459. Ruthenium carbonyl is:
a) Ru(CO)4 b) Ru(CO)5 c) Ru(CO)8 d) Ru(CO)6
460. Preparation of looking mirrors involves the use of:
a) Red lead
b) Ammoniacal silver nitrate
c) Ammoniacal AgNO3 +red lead
d) Ammoniacal AgNO3 +red lead + HCHO
461. In the dichromate dianion :
a) 4 Cr—O bonds are equivalent
b) 6 Cr—O bonds are equivalent
c) all Cr—O bonds are equivalent
d) all Cr—O bonds are non-equivalent
462. In the electrolytic purification of copper some gold is found in the:
a) Cathode b) Cathode mud c) Anode mud d) None of these
463. Percentage of gold in 21.6 carat gold is:
a) 21.6 b) 90 c) 10 d) 70
464. An explosion takes place when conc. H2 SO4 is added to KMnO4.Which of the following is formed?
a) Mn2 O7 b) MnO2 c) MnSO4 d) Mn2 O3
465. Which statement is not correct?
a) Fe(CO)5 reacts with Br2 Cl4
b) Carbonyl complexes are usually formed with transition metals
c) All transition metals form mono metallic carbonyls
d) The decomposition of Ni(CO)4 to give Ni is used in the extraction of Ni by Mond’s process
466. Which is the common oxidation state of the first transition series of elements?
a) +2 b) +6 c) +8 d) +4
467. Which of the following is correct?
a) Duralumin : Al + Cu + Mg + Ag b) German silver: Cu + Zn + C
c) Gun metal: Cu + Zn + Sn d) Solder : Pb + Al
468. As percentage of carbon increase in iron, its hardness:
a) Decreases b) Increases c) Remains same d) None of these
469. Which oxide of Mn is acidic in nature?
a) MnO b) Mn2 O7 c) Mn2 O3 d) MnO2
470. Corrosive sublimate (HgCI2 ) can be used to distinguish between
a) Formic acid and acetic acid b) Acetaldehyde and butanone
c) Formaldehyde and propanone d) All of the above
471. KMnO4 in basic medium is used as
a) Strong oxidising agent b) Strong reducing agent
c) Strong hydrogenating agent d) Poor reducing agent
472. 𝑑-block elements are arranged in ….of periodic table.
a) Three series b) Six series c) Two series d) Four series
473. Which one of the following metals is extracted by a carbon reduction process?
a) Copper b) Iron c) Aluminium d) Magnesium
474. The spin only magnetic moment of Mn ion is nearly
4+

a) 3 BM b) 6 BM c) 4 BM d) 5 BM
475. Coinage alloy has the composition of:
a) Ag + Cu + Ni b) Au + Ag + Cu c) Au + Zn + Ag d) Ag + Fe + Cu
476. Which of the following is used for sterilization of surgical instruments?
a) HgCl2 b) ZnCl2 c) Hg 2 Cl2 d) ZnO
477. Rusting of iron in moist air involves:
a) Loss of electrons by Fe
b) Gain of electrons by Fe
c) Neither gain nor loss of electrons
d) Hydration of Fe
478. A chocolate brown coloured compound with acetic acid and potassium ferrocyanide is obtained from a salt
solution containing:
a) Cu b) Cd c) Sn d) Hg
479. What is the oxidation state of iron in Mohr’s salt?
a) +3 b) 0 c) +2 d) +1
480. Chrome green is
a) Chromium nitrate b) Chromium sulphate c) Chromium oxide d) Chromium chloride
481. Which lanthanoid compound is used as a most powerful liquid lasers after dissolving it in selenium
oxychloride?
a) Cerium oxide b) Neodymium oxide c) Promethium sulphate d) Cericsulphate
482. A transition metal ion exists in its highest oxidation state. It is expected to behave as
a) A chelating agent b) A central metal in a coordination compound
c) An oxidising agent d) A reducing agent
483. For 𝑑-block elements the first ionisation potential is of the order
a) Zn > 𝐹𝑒 > 𝐶𝑢 > 𝐶𝑟 b) Sc = Ti < 𝑉 = 𝐶𝑟
c) Zn < 𝐶𝑢 < 𝑁𝑖 < 𝐶𝑜 d) V > 𝐶𝑟 > 𝑀𝑛 > 𝐹𝑒
484. Metallic bond is stronger in transition metals than alkali and alkaline earth metals because of:
a) More number of electrons including 𝑑-electrons
b) Large size of the atoms
c) Paramagnetism
d) Diamagnetism
485. Automobile engine blocks are made up of:
a) Stainless steel
b) Nickel-chromium steel
c) Cast iron
d) Wrought iron
486. Silver amalgam is used in:
a) Silvering of mirror b) Filling of teeth c) Both (a) and (b) d) None of these
487. Which statement is not correct?
a) Potassium dichromate oxidises a secondary alcohol into a ketone
b) Potassium permanagnate is a weaker oxidising substance than potassium dichromate
c) Potassium permanganate is a stronger oxidizing substance
d) All of the above statement are correct
488. The pair of metals which dissolve in NaOH(𝑎𝑞.) is:
a) Al, Cu b) Zn, Cd c) Pb, Sn d) Zn, Al
489. The catalytic activity of the transition metals and their compounds is ascribed to their
a) Magnetic behavior
b) Chemical reactivity
c) Ability to adopt multiple oxidation states and their complexing ability
d) Unfilled 𝑑-orbitals
490. Acidified potassium dichromate is treated with hydrogen sulphide. In the reaction the oxidation number of
chromium :
 a) Increases from +3 to +6
b) Decreases from +6 to +3
c) Remains unchanged
d) Decreases from +6 to +2
491. Zinc reacts with conc. H2 SO4 to produce:
a) ZnSO4 b) ZnCO3 c) Zn d) None of these
492. In which metal’s metallurgical process carbon is used for reduction of metal oxides?
a) Na b) Ag c) Fe d) Hg
493. A metal which is ‘not’ affected by conc. H2 SO4 , HNO3 or alkalies forms a compound 𝑋. This compound 𝑋
can be used to give a complex which finds its application for toning in photography. The metal is:
a) Au b) Ag c) Hg d) Cu
494. Lithopone, a white pigment, consists of:
a) Al2 O3 and CaCO3 b) BaS and PbSO4 c) ZnS and BaSO4 d) PbS and MgO
495. The aqueous solution containing which one of the following ions will be colourless?
a) Ti3+ b) Mn2+ c) Sc 3+ d) Fe2+
496. Among the lanthanoids which was obtained by synthetic methods?
a) Lu b) Pm c) Pr d) Gd
497. The tendency to show complex formation is maximum in:
a) 𝑠-block elements b) 𝑝-block elements c) 𝑑-block elements d) 𝑓-block elements
498. 5𝑓-level is successively filled up in:
a) Lanthanoids b) Actinoids c) Rare gases d) Transition elements
499. Potassium manganate (K 2 MnO4 ) is formed when:
a) Cl2 is passed into an aqueous KMnO4 solution
b) MnO2 is fused with KOH in air
c) Formaldehyde reacts with KMnO4 in presence of strong alkali
d) KMnO4 reacts with concentrated H2 SO4
500. The sandstone in some iron ores is removed by:
a) Carbon filters b) Compressed air c) Limestone d) Sulphuric acid
501. Copper sulphate solution reacts with KCN and gives
a) K 3 [Cu(CN)4 ] b) CuCN c) Cu(CN)2 d) K 2 [Cu(CN)4 ]
502. Which of the following ions has the highest magnetic moment?
a) Ti3+ b) Sc 3+ c) Mn2+ d) Zn2+
503. The colour of Mohr’s salt, (NH4 )2 SO4 Fe(SO4 ). 6H2 O is:
a) White b) Green c) Violet d) Blue
504. Of the ions Zn , Ni and Cr , (atomic number of Zn=30, Ni=28, Cr=24)
2+ 2+ 3+

a) All three are coloured

b) All three are colourless
c) Only Zn2+ is colourless and Ni2+ and Cr 3+ are coloured
d) Only Ni2+ is coloured and Zn2+ and Cr 3+ are colourless
505. A reagent that can separate Fe from Zn is:
a) NaOH b) HCl c) H2 S d) NaNO2
506. KMnO4 in basic medium is reduced to
a) K 2 MnO4 b) MnO2 c) Mn(OH)2 d) Mn2+
507. Which of the following elements does not belong to the first transition series?
a) Ag b) Fe c) Cu d) V
508. Transition metals form complexes in their zero oxidation state. The example of the above fact is:
a) Mn2 (CO)10 b) [Cu(NH3 )4 ]Cl2 c) Zn2 [Fe(CN)6 ] d) [Ag(NH3 )2 ]OH
509. Which one of the following properties would you not expect copper to exhibit?
a) Malleability
b) High thermal conductivity
 c) Low electrical conductivity
d) Ductility
510. Calomel is:
a) Hg 2 Cl2 and Hg b) HgCl2 c) Hg + HgCl2 d) Hg 2 Cl2
511. Which of the following reactions represents developing in photography?
a) AgNO3 + NaBr ⟶ AgBr + NaNO3
b) AgBr + 2NH3 ⟶ [Ag(NH3 )2 ]Br
c) AgBr + 2Na2 S2 O3 ⟶ Na3 [Ag(S2 O3 )2 ] + NaBr
d) C6 H4 (OH)2 + 2AgBr x ⟶ C6 H4 O2 + 2HBr + 2Ag
512. Extraction for zinc from zinc blende is achieved by
a) Electrolytic reduction
b) Roasting followed by reduction with carbon
c) Roasting followed by reduction with another metal
d) Roasting followed by self reduction
513. Chromium compound used in tanning of leather is:
a) Cr2 O3 b) CrO2 Cl2 c) CrCl3 d) K 2 SO4 . Cr2 (SO4 )3 . 24H2 O
514. FeSO4 . (NH4 )2 SO4 . 6H2 O is called
a) Green salt b) Glauber’s salt c) Mohr’s salt d) Alum
515. When MnO2 is fused with KOH, a coloured compound formed, the product and its colour is
a) K 2 MnO4 , purple colour b) KMnO4 , purple c) Mn2 O3 , brown d) Mn3 O4 , black
516. Anhydrous CuCl2 and CuBr2 exist as:
a) Monomer b) Dimer c) Trimer d) polymer
517. From a solution of CuSO4 , the metal used to recover copper is :
a) Na b) Ag c) Hg d) Fe
518. When MnO4 is fused with KOH, a coloured compound is formed. The product and its colour is
a) K 2 MnO4, purple colour b) Mn2 O3, brown
c) Mn2 O4, black d) KMnO4, purple
519. Cerium (Z = 58) is an important member of the lanthanides. Which of the following statements about
cerium is incorrect?
a) The common oxidation state of cerium are +3 and +4.
b) The +3 oxidation state of cerium is more stable than the +4 oxidation state.
c) The +4 oxidation state of cerium is not known in solutions.
d) Cerium (IV) acts as an oxidizing agent.
520. Which metal is used for filament of electric bulb?
a) Pt b) Fe c) W d) Cu
521. Zinc does not show variable valency like 𝑑-block elements because
a) It is low melting
b) 𝑑-orbital is complete
c) It is a soft metal
d) Two electrons are present in the outermost orbit
522. In haemoglobin the iron shows oxidation state :
a) +2 b) +3 c) +1 d) +4
523. The term ‘fool’s gold’ is used for a mineral which shines like gold. It is:
a) Iron pyrite b) Copper glance c) Cinnabar d) Cadmium sulphide
524. An aqueous solution of CuSO4 and NH4 OH gives a deep blue complex of:
a) Cuprammonium sulphate
b) Cuprammonium hydroxide
c) Sodium hexametaphosphate
d) None of the above
525. Blow holes of steel are removed by adding:
a) C b) Ni c) Sand d) Spiegeleisen
526. A mixture of TiO2 and BaSO4 is called
a) Titanox b) Lithopone c) White pigment d) None of these
527. Which of the following has highest b.p.?
a) Cr b) Ti c) Fe d) Co
528. Which group of metals is known as Pt-metals?
a) Fe, Co, Ni b) Ag, Au, Cu c) Zn, Cd, Hg d) Ru, Rh, Pd
529. The compound ZnFe2 O4 is
a) A normal spinel compound b) Interstitial compound
c) Coordination compound d) Double salt compound
530. Iron exhibits +2 and +3 oxidation states. Which of the following statements about iron is incorrect?
a) Ferrous compounds are relatively more ionic than the corresponding ferric compounds.
b) Ferrous compounds are less volatile than the corresponding ferric compounds.
c) Ferrous compounds are more easily hydrolysed than the corresponding ferric compounds.
d) Ferrous oxide is more basic in nature than the ferric oxide.
531. Iron is manufactured from the ore
a) Haematite b) Cryolite c) Bauxite d) Chalcopyrite
532. After partial roasting the sulphide ore of copper is reduced by:
a) Reduction by carbon b) Electrolysis c) Self reduction d) Cyanide process
533. The bonds presents in the structure of dichromate ion are
a) Four equivalent Cr— O bonds only.
b) Six equivalent Cr — O bonds and one O— O bond.
c) Six equivalent Cr — O bonds and one Cr— Cr bond.
d) Six equivalent Cr — O bonds and one Cr— O — Cr bond.
534. Cu2+ ions would be reduced to cuprous ion if their solutions are mixed with an aqueous:
a) KI solution b) KCl solution c) K 2 CO3 solution d) K 2 SO4 solution
535. Which one of the following elements constitutes a major impurity in pig iron?
a) Silicon b) Oxygen c) Sulphur d) Graphite
536. Percentage of silver in German silver is:
a) 1.5% b) 2.5% c) 10% d) Zero percent
537. Oxford process is used in extraction of:
a) Fe b) Co c) Pt d) Ni
538. One of the product formed when K 2 Cr2 O7 reacts with conc H2 SO4 in cold is
a) CrO3 b) Cr2 (SO4 )3 c) Cr2 O3 d) CrO4 Cl2
539. Addition of K 4 [Fe(CN)6 ] solution to FeCl3 solution gives:
a) Ferro-ferricyanide b) Ferri – ferrocyanide c) Ferri-ferricyanide d) None of these
540. The reaction between copper and hot concentrated sulphuric acid produces:
a) SO2 b) SO3 c) H2 d) Cu+ ions
541. Red hot steel rod on suddenly immersing in water becomes:
a) Soft and malleable b) Hard and brittle c) Tough and ductile d) Fibrous
542. Which of the following is obtained when auric chloride reacts with sodium chloride?
a) Na[AuCl] b) Na[AuCl2 ] c) Na[AuCl3 ] d) Na[AuCl4 ]
543. Lanthanum is grouped with 𝑓-block elements because
a) It has partially filled 𝑓-orbitals
b) It has both partially filled 𝑓 and 𝑑-orbitals
c) The properties of lanthanum are very similar to the elements of 4𝑓-block
d) It is just before Ce in the Periodic Table
544. The point of dissimilarity between lanthanides and actinides is
a) Three outermost shells are partially filled b) They show oxidation state of +3 (common)
c) They are called inner transition elements d) They are radioactive in nature
545. Which of the following is called white vitriol?
 a) ZnCl2 b) MgSO4 .7H2 O c) Al2 (SO4 )3 d) ZnSO4 . 7H2 O
546. Which metal is purified by Pattinson’s process?
a) Ag b) Au c) Fe d) Sb
547. Which of the following have highest melting points?
a) 𝑝-block elements b) 𝑠- block elements c) 𝑑- block elements d) None of the above
548. Ferric oxide in furnace is reduced by:
a) C b) H2 c) CO d) CO2
549. Which statement is incorrect?
a) Iron belongs to 3𝑑-transition series of the periodic table
b) Iron belongs to 𝑓-block of the periodic table
c) Iron belongs to first transition series
d) Iron belongs to group VIII of the periodic table
550. In India, iron is obtained from the ore:
a) Cassiterite b) Azurite c) Haematite d) Cryolite
551. The Fe2+ ion is:
a) Blue b) Light green c) Very dark green d) Yellow
552. Which ion in aqueous medium has orange colour?
a) Cr2 O2−7 b) Cr 3+ c) MnO− 4 d) MnO2−4
553. The compound widely used in making reference electrode is:
a) ZnCl2 b) CuSO4 c) Hg 2 Cl2 d) HgCl2
554. Which statement is incorrect about transition elements
a) All elements form complexes
b) All are paramagnetic
c) All show variable valency
d) All are not coloured ions
555. The magnetic moment of a transition metal ion is 3.87 BM. The number of unpaired electrons present in it
is
a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 5
556. Which of the following is a lanthanoid?
a) Ta b) Rh c) Th d) Lu
557. The flux used in soldering is:
a) HgO b) ZnO c) CdO d) None of these
558. Ferric sulphate on heating gives:
a) SO2 and SO3 b) SO2 only c) SO3 only d) S only
559. The raw materials fed into the blast furnace for making iron are:
a) FeO, CaCO3 and coke
b) Fe2 O3 , CaO and coke
c) Fe2 O3 , CaCO3 and coke
d) Fe3 O4 , Ca(OH)2 and coke
560. Which statement about corrosive sublimate is incorrect?
a) It is prepared by heating mercury in chlorine
b) It reduces stannic chloride
c) It oxidizes stannous chloride
d) It sublimes readily
561. Chalcopyrites is an ore of
a) Gallium b) Copper c) Calcium d) Magnesium
562. Siderite is an ore of
a) Cu b) Al c) Ag d) Fe
563. Which one of the following metals, is extracted on smelting of its ore in blast furnace?
a) Iron b) Sodium c) Potassium d) Magnesium
564. Chromium is used in making:
a) Bronze b) Brass c) Stainless steel d) Electrodes
565. Which lanthanide compound is used as a pigment?
a) CeO2 b) Ce(OH)3 c) Lu(OH)3 d) Tb(OH)3
566. In the extraction of Zn, the formation of blue flame is due to the burning of:
a) ZnO b) C c) Zn d) CO
567. Among the following the coloured compound is
a) CuCl b) K 3 [Cu(CN)4 ] c) CuF2 d) [Cu(CH3 CN)4 ]BF4
568. What is the correct order of spin only magnetic moment (in BM) of Mn , Cr and V 2+ ?
2+ 2+

a) Mn2+ > V 2+ > Cr 2+ b) V 2+ > Cr 2+ > Mn2+ c) Mn2+>Cr 2+ > V 2+ d) Cr 2+ > V 2+ > Mn2+
569. Stainless steel contains:
a) 50%Cr b) 2.5%Cr c) 14%Cr d) 2%Cr
570. KMnO4 (acidic/alkaline) is not decolourized by
a) Mohr salt b) Oxalic acid c) Benzene d) Propene
571. A solution of Cr NO3 2 slowly turns green when concentrated HCl is added to it. It is due to the formation
( )
of:
a) CrCl3 b) Cr2 O3 c) CrO2−
4 d) Chloro complexes
572. Which is not an ore of gold?
a) Syvanite b) Calaverite c) Covellite d) Bismuth aurite
573. Silver iodide is used to produce artificial rain because:
a) It is easily prepared
b) Its structure is ice-like
c) It can easily be sprayed at high altitude
d) It is insoluble in rain water
574. The chemical formula of azurite is:
a) Cu(OH)2 . 2CuCO3 b) CuSO4 . 3Cu(OH)2 c) Cu(OH)2 . CuCO3 d) CuFeS2
575. The magnetic moment (in BM) of Zn ion according to spin-only formula is
2+

a) Zero b) 1.73 c) 2.84 d) 3.87

576. Zinc reacts with very dilute nitric acid to produce:
a) NO b) NH4 NO3 c) NO2 d) H2
577. Which of the following may be colourless?
a) Fe3+ b) Cr 3+ c) Cu2+ d) Cu+
578. Fe ore is concentrated by:
a) Magnetic treatment b) Froth floatation c) Electrolysis d) Roasting
579. In the extraction of copper, the metal formed in the Bessemer’s converter is due to the reaction:
a) Cu2 S ⟶ 2Cu + S
b) 2Cu2 O ⟶ 4Cu + O2
c) 2Cu2 S + 3O2 ⟶ 2Cu2 O + 2SO2
d) 2Cu2 O + Cu2 S ⟶ 6Cu + SO2
580. In the case of 𝑑-block elements:
a) Outermost and penultimate shells are incomplete
b) Both penultimate and prepenultimate shells are incomplete
c) Outermost shell is incomplete
d) Innermost shell is incomplete
581. In electrorefining of copper, some gold is deposited as
a) Cathode b) Electrode c) Cathode mud d) Anode mud
582. What effect is noticed on shaking dilute sulphuric acid with a small quantity of anhydrous copper
sulphate?
a) The white solid dissolves to form a colourless solution
b) The white solid dissolves to form a green solution
 c) The white solid turns blue but does not dissolve
d) The white solid dissolves to form a blue solution
583. A magnetic moment of 1.73 BM will be shown by one among the following compounds:
a) [Cu(NH3 )4 ]2+ b) [Ni(CN)4 ]2− c) TiCl4 d) [CoCl6 ]4−
584. In general, the transition elements exhibit their highest oxidation states in their compounds with elements
like:
a) C b) S c) S and P d) F and O
585. Silver, mercury and lead have been placed in same group of qualitative analysis, because they form:
a) Carbonates soluble in dilute HNO3
b) Nitrates
c) Insoluble chlorides
d) Same type of coloured compounds
586. K 2 Cr2 O7 on strong heating gives:
a) K 2 CrO4 b) Cr2 O3 c) O2 d) All of these
587. KMnO4 on heating above 200C gives:
a) K 2 MnO3 + O2 + MnO2 b) K 2 MnO4 + MnO2 + O2 c) MnO2 + O2 d) None of the above
588. The number of ions formed on dissolving one molecule of FeSO4 (NH4 )2 SO4 . 6H2 O is:
a) 4 b) 5 c) 3 d) 6
589. Acidic nature of Zn(OH)2 is shown from the formation of the following compound with the formula:
a) Na2 ZnO2 b) Na2 CO3 c) NaZnO2 d) None of these
590. The reason for the stability of Gd ion is
3+

a) Half-filled 4𝑓 sunshell
b) Completely filled 4𝑓 subshell
c) Possesses the general electronic configuration of noble gases
d) Empty 4𝑓 subshell
591. Rio Tinto process is used for extraction of:
a) Cu b) Ag c) Al d) Au
592. An alloy of Co, Ni and Fe used in permanent magnets is:
a) Invar b) Nichrome c) Alnico d) None of these
593. Bordeaux mixture consists of lime and:
a) FeSO4 b) CuSO4 c) Cu(NO3 )2 d) AgNO3
594. Larger number of oxidation states are exhibited by the actinoides than those by the lanthanoides, the main
reason being
a) 4𝑓- orbitals more diffused than the 5𝑓-orbitals
b) Lesser energy difference between 5𝑓 and 6𝑑 than between 4𝑓 and 5𝑑-orbitals
c) More energy difference between 5𝑓 and 6𝑑 than between 4𝑓 and 5𝑑-orbitals.
d) More reactive nature of the actinoides than the lanthanoides
595. F2 is formed by reacting K 2 MnF6 with
a) MnF4 b) SbF5 c) KSbF6 d) MnF3
596. A reducing in atomic size with increase in atomic number is a characteristic of elements of
a) 𝑓-block b) 𝑑-block c) High atomic masses d) Radioactive series
597. Which method is based on distribution law?
a) Mond’s process b) Parkes process c) Cupellation process d) Poling process
598. Schweitzer’s reagent used for dissolving cellulose in the manufacture of artificial silk is:
a) CuSO4 . 5H2 O b) CuI c) Cu(NH3 )4 SO4 d) Cu(CH3 COO)2 . Cu(OH)2
599. Formation of coloured ions by transition metals signifies
a) Absorption of light from UV range
b) Emission of light
c) Presence of unpaired electrons in 𝑠and 𝑝 orbitals
d) Complimentary colours to the absorbed light
600. Invar steel, which is very little affected by temperature changes, contains 36%:
a) Co b) Ni c) Cu d) Al
601. Which of the following pair of transition metal ions, have the same calculated values
of magnetic moment?
a) Ti2+ and V 2+ b) Fe2+ and Cu2+ c) Cr 2+ and Fe2+ d) Co2+ and Ti2+
602. Which of the following is not an actinide?
a) Curium b) Californium c) Erbium d) Americium
603. Philosopher’s wool when heated with BaO at 1100°C gives the compound :
a) BaZnO2 b) Ba + ZnO2 c) BaCdO2 d) BaO2 + Zn
604. Brass is an alloy of Cu with
a) Al b) Sn c) Ag d) Zn
605. Actinides and lanthanides resemble in
a) Formation of complexes b) Oxidation state
c) Ionization energy d) Electronic configuration
606. Cuprous chloride is obtained from cupric chloride:
a) By heating cupric chloride with chlorine
b) By the electrolysis of cupric chloride containing HCl
c) By heating cupric chloride with conc. HCl and copper turnings
d) By passing H2 over CuCl2
607. The properties of cast iron, wrought iron and steel are different because they have:
a) Different contents of sulphur
b) Different contents of carbon
c) Traces of different elements
d) Traces of different iron oxides
608. Variable valency is a general feature of …..elements.
a) 𝑠-block b) 𝑝-block c) 𝑑-block d) All of these
609. The inner transition elements are the elements in which the added electrons go to:
a) (𝑛 − 1) 𝑑 −orbitals
b) (𝑛 − 2) 𝑓-orbitals
c) (𝑛 − 1) 𝑑-orbitals and (𝑛 −1) 𝑓-orbitals
d) (𝑛 − 1) 𝑑-orbitals and 𝑛𝑠 −orbitals
610. The compound insoluable in water is
a) Mercurous nitrate b) Mercurous chloride
c) Mercuric nitrate d) Mercurousperchlorate
611. A carbonate ore is
a) Carnallite b) Limonite c) Siderite d) Horn silver
612. Near the top of a blast furnace employed for the extraction of iron the metal oxides are reduced to spongy
iron by:
a) Carbon b) CO c) CO2 d) Limestone
613. Black Jack is an ore of
a) Cr b) Sn c) Zn d) Ni
614. Which of the following statements is correct?
a) Manganese salt gives violet borax bead test in the reducing flame
b) Ferric ions give a deep green precipitate on adding potassium ferricyanide solution
c) On boiling a solution having K + , Ca2+ , HCO−3 ions, we get a precipitate of K 2 Ca(CO3 )2
d) From a mixed precipitate of AgCl and AgI, ammonia solution dissolves only AgCl
615. The element showing oxidation states of +2, +3, +4, +6 and +7 is:
a) Cr b) Mn c) Co d) V
616. When H2 S is passed through HgCl2 we get:
a) HgS b) HgS + Hg 2 S c) Hg 2 S + Hg d) Hg 2 S
617. Which gas is absorbed by CuCl?
a) CO2 b) CO c) SO2 d) SO3
618. Standard reduction potential of most of the transition elements is generally:
a) Negative b) Positive c) Zero d) None of these
619. Auric chloride on reaction with ferrous sulphate changes to:
a) Au b) AuCl c) Au2 SO4 d) Au3 (SO4 )2
620. Which of the following is deliquescent?
a) ZnCl2 b) Hg 2 Cl2 c) HgCl2 d) CdCl2
621. Which of the following is correct?
a) Duralumin : Al + Cu + Mg + Ag b) German silver : Cu + Zn + C
c) Gun metal : CU + Zn + Sn d) Solder : Pb + Al
622. A certain metal will liberate hydrogen from dilute acids. It will react with water to form hydrogen only
when the metal is heated and water is in the form of steam. The metal is probably
a) Iron b) Potassium c) Copper d) Mercury
623. Calomel reacts with ammonium hydroxide to form:
a) Hg(NH2 )Cl b) H2 N— Hg— Hg— Cl c) Hg 2 O d) HgO
624. An example of double salt is:
a) Bleaching powder b) K 4 [Fe(CN)6 ] c) Hypo d) Potash alum
625. Bronze is a mixture of
a) Pb + Sn b) Cu + Sn c) Cu + Zn d) Pb + Zn
626. The element present in gun metal is
a) Co b) Cu c) Sc d) Ti
627. Pure conc. HNO3 makes iron passive as the surface is covered with protective layer of:
a) Fe(NO3 )3 b) Fe3 O4 c) FeO d) Fe2 O3
628. Thermite process is used in reduction of
a) Cr2 O3 b) Al2 O3 c) PbO2 d) CuO
629. The slag obtained during the smelting process in the extraction of copper from copper pyrites is composed
mainly of:
a) Cu2 S b) FeSiO3 c) CuSiO3 d) SiO2
630. The mineral from which copper is manufactured is:
a) Galena b) Pyrite c) Malachite d) Chalcopyrite
631. Metal oxides which decomposes on heating is
a) ZnO b) CuO c) Al2 O3 d) HgO
632. The correct formula for diammine silver (I) chloride is:
a) [Ag, (NH3 ) ]Cl b) [Ag, (NH3 )2 ]Cl c) [Ag, (NH2 )2 ]Cl d) [Ag, (NH4 )2 ]Cl
633. Which metal is used to add to gold to make it hard?
a) Cu b) Ag c) Ni d) Zn
634. On igniting Fe2 O3 at 14000°C, the product obtained is
a) Fe2 O3 melt b) FeO c) Fe2 O3 d) Metallic iron
635. Cosmetic powders and zinc ointments contain:
a) ZnCl2 b) ZnO c) ZnCO3 d) ZnSO4
636. An aqueous solution of FeSO4 , Al2 SO4 3 and chrome alum is heated with excess of Na2 O2 and filtered. The
( )
materials obtained are:
a) A colourless filtrate and a green residue
b) A yellow filtrate and a green residue
c) A yellow filtrate and a brown residue
d) A green filtrate and a brown residue
637. A transition element X has the configuration [Ar]𝑑4 in its +3 oxidation state. Its atomic number is
a) 25 b) 26 c) 22 d) 19
638. The carbon content of:
 a) Cast iron is in between that of steel and wrought iron
b) Pig iron is in between that of steel and wrought iron
c) Steel is in between that of cast iron and wrought iron
d) Wrought iron is in between that of steel and cast iron
639. If a compound absorbs violet colour from light, it will be :
a) Yellow b) Orange c) Blue d) Green
640. Which of the two have almost similar size?
a) 22 Ti and 40 Zr b) 41 Nb and 73 Ta c) 39 Y and 57 La d) 20 Ca and 31 Ir
641. A white precipitate is formed on adding KI to CuSO4 solution. It is of
a) Cu2 I2 b) CuI2 c) Cu2 S d) Cu2 SO4
642. Which of the following is coloured compound?
a) CuF2 b) CuI c) NaCl d) MgCl2
643. Addition of NaOH on Zn ion gives a white ppt. which on adding excess of NaOH dissolves. In this solution
2+

Zn exists in:
a) Cationic part b) Anionic part c) Both (a) and (b) d) None of these
−
644. MnO4 reacts with bromide ion in alkaline medium to give
a) MnBr4 b) MnOBr2 c) MnO2 , BrO−3 d) MnO, BrO
645. Cyanide process is used to extraction of
a) Ag b) Ni c) Pt d) Zn
646. Which of the following weights less when weighted in magnetic field?
a) ScCl3 b) FeCl3 c) TiCl3 d) VCl3
647. The process of nitriding used in the treatment of steel is:
a) Heating steel in an atmosphere of ammonia
b) Heating steel to a bright redness and then cooling
c) Heating steel to bright redness and then cooling by plunging in air
d) None of the above
648. Duraluminium is an alloy contains:
a) Mg + Al
b) Mg + Cu + Al + Mn + Si
c) Mg + Cu
d) Cu + Al
649. Gun metal is
a) Cu + Zn b) Cu + Sn + Zn c) Cu + Sn d) Zn + Sn
650. The tempering of steel makes it:
a) Hard b) Soft c) Heavy d) Brittle
651. Copper sulphate solution reacts with KCN to give
a) CuCN b) Cu(CN)2 c) K 3 [Cu(CN)4 ] d) K 2 [Cu(CN)4 ]
652. The metallic oxide which impart purple colour to pottery is
a) Copper oxide b) Chromium oxide c) Lead oxide d) Manganese oxide
653. Formation of interstitial compounds makes the transition metal:
a) More soft b) More ductile c) More metallic d) More brittle
654. The purest zinc is made by
a) Electrolytic refining b) Zone refining
c) The van- Arkel method d) The Mond process
655. Which of the following ions has a magnetic moment of 5.93 BM?
(At. no. V=23, Cr=24, Mn=25, Fe=26)
a) Mn2+ b) Fe2+ c) Cr 2+ d) V 3+
656. K Cr O → ∆
K CrO + O + 𝑋
2 2 7 2 4 2
In the above reaction 𝑋 is
a) CrO3 b) Cr2 O7 c) Cr2 O3 d) CrO5
657. Soft and pliable steel is obtained by:
a) Tempering b) Nitriding c) Annealing d) None of these
658. The highest magnetic moment is shown by the transition metal ion with the outer electronic configuration
a) 3𝑑2 b) 3𝑑 7 c) 3𝑑5 d) 3𝑑9
659. Which substance can be used in the preparation of making ink?
a) Ag b) AgNO3 c) AgBr d) PbCO3 . Pb(OH)2
660. Which of the following compounds volatilises on heating?
a) MgCl2 b) HgCl2 c) CaCl2 d) FeCl3
661. Identify the statement which is not correct regarding copper sulphate
a) It reacts with NaOH and glucose to give Cu2 O b) It gives CuO on strong heating in air
c) It reacts with KCl to give Cu2 Cl2 d) It reacts with KI to give iodine
662. In solid CuSO4 . 5H2 O, copper is coordinated to:
a) 4 water molecules b) 5 water molecules c) 1 sulphate molecule d) 1 water molecule
663. The grey cast iron contains:
a) Iron carbide b) Silicon carbide c) Silicon dioxide d) Graphite
664. When excess of sodium thiosulphate is added to dil.AgNO3 solution a soluble compound 𝑋 is formed.
However, when dil. Na2 S2 O3 solution is added to cone. AgNO3 solution a white ppt. turning yellow and
finally blac ppt. of 𝑌 is obtained. Which is correct pair?
a) 𝑋 is Ag 2 S and 𝑌 is Na3 [Ag(S2 O3 )2 ]
b) 𝑋 is Na3 [Ag(S2 O3 )2 ] and 𝑌 is Ag 2 S
c) 𝑋 is Ag 2 S2 O3 and 𝑌 is Ag 2 S
d) 𝑋 is Ag 2 S2 O3 and 𝑌 is Na3 [(S2 O3 )2 ]
665. Which of the following is an acidic oxide?
a) Mn2 O3 b) MnO2 c) Mn2 O7 d) MnO
666. A developer used in photography is:
a) A weak acid b) A weak base c) A mild reducing agent d) An oxidizing agent
667. Potassium permanganate acts as an oxidant in alkaline and acidic media. The final products formed from
KMnO4 in the two conditions are respectively
a) MnO2− and Mn3+ b) Mn3+ and Mn2+ c) Mn2+ and Mn3+ d) MnO2 and Mn2+
668. The general electronic configuration of transition element is :
a) (𝑛 − 1)𝑑1−5 b) (𝑛 − 1)𝑑1−10 𝑛𝑠1 c) (𝑛 − 1)𝑑1−10 𝑛𝑠 0−2 d) None of these
669. Mohr’s salt is a:
a) Normal salt b) Acid salt c) Basic salt d) Double salt
670. Gun metal is an alloy of:
a) Cu and Al b) Cu, Sn and Zn c) Cu, Zn and Ni d) Cu and Sn
671. A metal gives two chlorides ‘𝐴 and ‘𝐵’. ‘𝐴’ gives black precipitate with NH4 OH and ‘𝐵’ gives white. With KI
‘𝐵’ gives a red precipitate soluble in excess of KI. ‘𝐴’ and ‘𝐵’ are respectively:
a) HgCl2 and Hg2 Cl2 b) Hg 2 Cl2 and HgCl2 c) HgCl2 and ZnCl2 d) ZnCl2 and HgCl2
672. Which of the following transition metal ions will have definite value of magnetic moment?
a) Sc 3+ b) Ti3+ c) Cu3+ d) Zn2+
673. In comparison to ferrous salts, ferric salts are:
a) More stable b) Less stable c) Equally stable d) None of these
674. Fool’s gold is
a) CuFeS2 b) FeS2 c) CuS2 d) Cu2 O
675. The material used for the lining of Bessemer’s converter in the extraction of copper is:
a) Silica b) Lime c) Iron d) Cu
676. Articles made of copper and bronze slowly tarnish in air and turn green. The green colour is due to the
formation of:
a) Copper oxide
b) Copper sulphide
 c) Copper oxalate
d) Basic copper carbonate
677. Which of the following statements concerning transition elements is false?
a) They are all metals.
b) They easily form complex coordination compounds.
c) Compounds containing their ions are mostly coloured.
d) They show multiple oxidation states always differing by units of two.
678. Among Sc(III), Ti(IV), Pd(II) and Cu(II) ions
a) All are paramagnetic
b) All are diamagnetic
c) Sc (III), Ti (IV) are paramagnetic and Pd(II), Cu(II) are diamagnetic
d) Sc (III), Ti (IV) are diamagnetic and Pd(II), Cu(II) are paramagnetic
679. Nessler’s reagent is
a) K 2 HgI4 b) K 2 HgI4 + KOH c) K 2 HgI4 + Hg d) K 2 HgI2 + KOH
680. The spin only magnetic moment of Fe2+ ion (in BM) is approximately.
a) 4 b) 7 c) 5 d) 6
681. Which of the following is not correct about transition metals?
a) Their compounds are generally coloured b) They can form ionic or covalent compounds
c) Their melting and boiling points are high d) They do not exhibit variable valency
682. In the metallurgy of iron, when limestone is added to the blast furnace, the calcium ion ends up as :
a) Slag b) Gangue c) Metallic calcium d) Calcium carbonate
683. KI and CuSO4 solutions on mixing produce
a) Cu2 I2 + K 2 SO4 b) Cu2 I2 + I2 + K 2 SO4 c) CuI2 + K 2 SO4 d) CuI2 + I2 + K 2 SO4
684. Which one of the following statements is false?
a) During roasting, moisture is removed from the ore.
b) The ore is freed from almost all nonmetallic impurities.
c) Calcination of ore is carried out in the absence of any blast of air.
d) The concentrated zince blend is subjected to calcination during its extraction by pyrometallurgy.
685. Knowing that the chemistry of lanthanoids (Ln) is dominated by its +3 oxidation state, which of the
following statements is incorrect?
a) Because of the large size of the Ln (III) ions the bonding in its compounds is predominantly ionic in
character.
b) The ionic sizes of Ln (III) decrease in general with increasing atomic number.
c) Ln (III) compounds are generally colourless.
d) Ln(III) hydroxide are mainly basic in character.
686. Bell metal is an alloy of:
a) Zinc and copper b) Copper and nickel c) Zinc and lead d) Copper and tin
687. Chemical name of vermilion is:
a) Mercuric sulphide b) Mercurous sulphide c) Zinc sulphide d) Cadmium sulphide
688. The stainless steel developed in India contains the following special components:
a) Vanadium and cobalt
b) Nickel and magnesium
c) Manganese and chromium
d) Aluminium and zinc
689. Maximum number of oxidation states of the transition metals is derived from the following configuration:
a) 𝑛𝑠-electrons
b) (𝑛 − 1)𝑑-electrons
c) (𝑛 + 1)𝑑-electrons
d) 𝑛𝑠 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑-electrons
690. It is always advisable not to cover egg yolk or mustard with silver cutlery because:
 a) Silver reacts with water of egg yolk to form AgOH
b) Silver reacts with sulphur of egg yolk forming black Ag 2 S
c) Silver reacts with egg yolk forming Ag 2 SO4 which is a poisonous substance
d) Silver attracts UV light of the atmosphere, thereby spoiling the food
691. Which of the following is not oxidized by O3 ?
a) FeSO4 b) KMnO4 c) KI d) K 2 MnO4
692. Mercury is transported in metal containers made of:
a) Silver b) Lead c) Iron d) Aluminium
693. Which may be consumed in the elemental form by human beings?
a) Zn b) Cu c) Ag and Cu d) Fe
694. Which one of the elements is a 𝑑-block element?
a) As b) Pt c) Pb d) Ra
695. Which metal does not react with CuSO4 solution?
a) Fe b) Zn c) Mg d) Ag
696. Transition metal ions show colour because
a) They absorb light b) They emit light
c) They are paramagnetic d) They exhibit 𝑑— 𝑑 transition
697. Rinnmann’s green is:
a) ZnO.CoO b) A green pigment c) Both (a) and (b) d) None of these
698. Which of the following ions is colourless in solution?
a) V 3+ b) Cr 3+ c) Co2+ d) Sc 3+
699. Pig iron is manufactured using:
a) An electric furnace
b) A blast furnace
c) An open hearth furnace
d) None of the above
700. Blue vitriol is
a) CuSO4 b) CuSO4 ∙ 5H2 O c) Cu2 SO4 d) CuSO4 ∙ H2 O
701. Each coinage metal has:
a) 18 electrons in their penultimate shell
b) 8 electrons in the outermost shell
c) 2 electrons in the outermost shell
d) 8 electrons in penultimate shell
702. Gold exhibits the variable oxidation states of:
a) +2, +3 b) +1, +3 c) +2, +4 d) +1, +2
703. Transition metals and their oxides are used in industrial processes as:
a) Detergents b) Insecticides c) Catalysis d) None of these
704. Gravity separation process is used for the concentration of
a) Calamine b) Haematite c) Chalcopyrite d) Bauxite
705. The composition of malachite is
a) CuFeS2 b) CuCO3 c) CuCO3 . Cu(OH)2 d) Cu(OH)2
706. The atomic numbers of vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese(Mn), and iron (Fe) are respectively 23,
24, 25 and 26 . Which one of these may be expected to have the highest second ionisation enthalpy?
a) V b) Cr c) Mn d) Fe
707. Zinc white is a better white pigment than lead white because it:
a) Has more covering power than lead white
b) Is not blackened by the action of H2 S
c) Is soluble in water
d) Becomes yellow when heated
708. A yellow ppt. is formed when H2 S is passed through an acidified solution of:
 a) Co2+ ions b) Cd2+ ions c) Cu2+ ions d) Ni2+ ions
709. Which metal does not react with water or steam?
a) K b) Na c) Ca d) Cu
710. Verdigris is
a) Basic lead b) Basic copper acetate c) Basic lead acetate d) None of the above
711. The percentage of carbon is same in:
a) Cast iron and pig iron
b) Cast iron and steel
c) Pig iron and steel
d) Pig iron and wrought iron
712. FeSO4 ∙ (NH4 )2 SO4 ∙ 6H2 O is called:
a) Green salt b) Glauber’s salt c) Mohr’s salt d) Alum
713. Which do not decolouriseKMnO4 aqueous solution?
a) C2 O2−
4 b) HSO− 3 c) CO2−
3 d) SO2−
3
714. Among the following pair of ions, the lower oxidation state in aqueous solution is more stable in
a) V 2+ , VO2+ b) Cr 2+ , Cr 3+ c) Ti+ , Ti3+ d) Cu+ , Cu2+
715. Green vitriol is formed by
a) FeS2 + H2 O + O2 b) FeS2 + H2 O + CO2 c) FeS2 + CO + CO2 d) FeS2 + CO
716. Densities of transition metals are:
a) Low b) Very low c) High d) Very high
717. Mercury sulphide on heating with aquaregia yields:
a) Hg(NO3 )2 b) HgCl2 c) Hg(NO2 )2 d) Hg 2 Cl2
718. All metal chlorides are soluble in water except those of:
a) Ag, Pb, Hg b) Na, K, Ca c) Zn, Cu, Cd d) Ba, Sr, Li
719. K 3 [Co(NO2 )6 ] is:
a) Fischer’s salt b) Thenard’s blue c) Rinnmann’s green d) Blue vitriol
720. Group 11 or IB elements are commonly known as:
a) Coinage metals
b) Transition metals
c) Typical elements
d) Representative elements
721. Most common oxidation states of Ce (cerium) are
a) +3, +4 b) +2, +3 c) +2, +4 d) +3, +5
722. The metal present in insulin is:
a) Cu b) Fe c) Zn d) Mg
723. Transition elements form alloys easily because they have:
a) Same atomic number
b) Same electronic configuration
c) Nearly same atomic size
d) None of the above
724. Muntz metal is an alloy of:
a) Cu and Sn b) Cu and Zn c) Ag and Zn d) Zn and Mn
725. A metal forms a volatile carbonyl compound and this property is taken advantages of its extraction. The
metal is:
a) Iron b) Nickel c) Cobalt d) Titanium
726. The temperature of blast furnace to produce iron from its ore Fe2 O3 varies from 500C at the top of the
furnace to about 1900C at the bottom of the furnace. The reaction between the ore Fe2 O3 and CO at the
lowest temperature (~ 500C) is:
a) 3Fe2 O3 + CO ⟶ 2Fe3 O4 + CO2
b) Fe2 O3 + CO ⟶ 2FeO + CO2
 c) Fe2 O3 + 3CO ⟶ 2Fe + 3CO2
1
d) Fe2 O3 + CO ⟶ 2Fe + CO2 + O2
2
727. Adam’s catalyst is:
a) Pt and PtO b) Pt c) Pt and PtO2 d) Pt 2 O and PtO
728. Which one of the following statement is not true with regard to transition elements?
a) They readily form complex compounds. b) They show variable oxidation states.
c) All their ions are colourless. d) Their ions contain partially filled 𝑑-electrons.
729. The element which forms a coloured chloride is:
a) Sb b) Na c) Zn d) Cr
730. In which of the following metallic bond is strongest?
a) V b) Fe c) Cr d) Sc
731. Which metal cation forms stronger complex salt?
a) Zn2+ b) Cd2+ c) Hg 2+ d) All of same strength
732. The equilibrium Cr2 O7 + 2𝑒 ⇌ 2CrO4 :
2− 2−

a) Exists in acidic medium

b) Exists in basic medium
c) Exists in neutral medium
d) Does not exist
733. Atomic radii of Ti, Zrand Hf vary
a) Ti > 𝑍𝑟 > 𝐻𝑓 b) Ti < 𝑍𝑟 < 𝐻𝑓 c) Ti < 𝐻𝑓 < 𝑍𝑟 d) Ti < 𝑍𝑟 = 𝐻𝐹
734. The basic character of the transition metal monoxide follows the order
(At. no of Ti =22, V=23, Cr=24, Fe=26)
a) TiO > 𝑉𝑂 > 𝐶𝑟𝑂 > 𝐹𝑒𝑂 b) VO > 𝐶𝑟𝑂 > 𝑇𝑖𝑂 > 𝐹𝑒𝑂
c) CrO > 𝑉𝑂 > 𝐹𝑒𝑂 > 𝑇𝑖𝑂 d) TiO > 𝐹𝑒𝑂 > 𝑉𝑂 > 𝐶𝑟𝑂
735. MnO2dissolves in water to give an acid. The colour of the acid is
a) Green b) Blue c) Violet d) Red
736. Which of the following is used as indelible ink?
a) Aqueous CuSO4 solution b) Aqueous AgNO3 solution
c) Aqueous NaCl solution d) Aqueous NaOH solution
737. Which belongs to the actinides series?
a) Ce b) Cf c) Ca d) Cs
738. Pudding process is used in the manufacture of:
a) Steel b) Cast iron c) Wrought iron d) Pig iron
739. Which method is used to remove lead impurities from silver?
a) Leaching with dilute NaCN solution
b) Parkes process
c) Leaching with dilute NaCN in presence of air
d) Electrolytic purification using AgNO3
740. Which of the following is the green coloured powder produced when ammonium dichromate is used in fire
works?
a) Cr b) CrO3 c) Cr2 O3 d) CrO(O2 )
741. Which of the following is amphoteric?
a) V2 O3 b) CuO c) V2 O5 d) NiO
742. NH3 forms complex with:
a) CuSO4 b) CdSO4 c) AgCl d) All of these
743. Transition metals are less reactive because of their:
a) High ionization potential and low melting point
b) High ionization potential and high melting point
c) Low ionization potential and low melting point
d) Low ionization potential and high melting point
744. The metal that does not displace hydrogen from an acid is:
a) Hg b) Zn c) Al d) Ca
745. Percentage of gold in 18 carat gold is
a) 75.0% b) 20.0% c) 80.0% d) 38.67%
746. The correct order of ionic radii of Y 3+ , La3+ , Eu3+ and Lu3+ is
a) Y 3+ < La3+ < Eu3+ < Lu3+ b) Lu3+ < Eu3+ < La3+ < 𝑌 3+
c) La3+ < Eu3+ < Lu3+ < Y 3+ d) Y 3+ < Lu3+ < Eu3+ < La3+
747. Coinage metals show the properties of
a) Inert elements b) Normal elements c) Typical elements d) Transitional elements
748. When steel is heated red hot and then slowly cooled, the process is known as:
a) Annealing b) Hardening c) Tempering d) Nitriding
749. Which form contains the maximum percentage of carbon?
a) Wrought iron b) Cast iron c) Malleable iron d) Steel
750. During the extraction of copper, the impurity (FeS) is removed as slag by mixing the contaminated copper
ore with silica and coke. The molecular formula of slag is
a) FeSiO3 b) Fe2 O3 c) FeSi (solid) d) FeSi (vapour)
751. The correct order of 𝐸°𝑀2+/𝑀 values with negative sign for the four successive elements Cr, Mn, Fe and Co
is
a) Mn > 𝐶𝑟 > 𝐹𝑒 > 𝐶𝑜 b) Cr > 𝐹𝑒 > 𝑀𝑛 > 𝐶𝑜
c) Fe > 𝑀𝑛 > 𝐶𝑟 > 𝐶𝑜 d) Cr > 𝑀𝑛 > 𝐹𝑒 > 𝐶𝑜
752. Which of the following is the chief ore of copper?
a) Cu2 S b) Cu2 O c) CuFeS2 d) CuCO3 . Cu(OH)2
753. The catalytic activity of transition metals and their compounds is ascribed mainly to:
a) Their magnetic behavior
b) Their unfilled 𝑑-orbitals
c) Their ability to adopt variable oxidation states
d) Their chemical reactivity
754. Which is used for stopping bleeding?
a) Ferric chloride b) Mohr’s salt c) Green vitriol d) Sodium nitroprusside
755. On heating ZnCl2 . H2 O the compound obtained is:
a) ZnCl2 b) Zn(OH)Cl c) Zn(OH)2 d) ZnO
756. Yellow mercury (II) oxide is obtained when
a) Hg is heated in excess of air at 623 K b) HgCl2 is treated with NaOH solution
c) HgS is roasted in air d) Hg(NO3 )2 is heated in presence of Hg
757. From gold aurocyanide Na[Au(CN)2 ], gold can be precipitated by adding powder of:
a) Zn b) Hg c) Ag d) None of these
758. Arrange Ce , La , Pm and Yb in increasing order of their ionic radii
3+ 3+ 3+ 3+

a) Yb3+ < 𝑃m3+ < 𝐶e3+ < 𝐿a3+ b) Ce3+ < 𝑌b3+ < 𝑃m3+ < 𝐿a3+
c) Yb < 𝑃m < 𝐿a < 𝐶e
3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ d) Pm3+ < 𝐿a3+ < 𝐶e3+ < 𝑌b3+
759. Black HgS:
a) Dissolves in conc. HCl on boiling
b) Dissolves in boiling HCl + a crystal of KClO3
c) Dissolves in NaOH
d) None of the above
760. The actinoids exhibit more number of oxidation states in general than the lanthanoids. This is because
a) The 5𝑓-orbitals are more buried than the 4𝑓-orbitals.
b) There is a similarity between 4𝑓 and 5𝑓-orbitals in their angular part of the wave function.
c) The actinoids are more reactive than the lanthanoids.
d) The 5𝑓-orbitals extend further from the nucleus than the 4𝑓 -orbitals.
761. Hair dyes contain
 a) Copper nitrate b) Gold chloride c) Silver nitrate d) Copper sulphate
762. A scarlet red precipitate is obtained on treating mercuric chloride solution with:
a) H2 S b) KI c) NaOH d) NH4 OH
763. Which of the following statements is wrong?
a) An acidified solution of K 2 Cr2 O7 liberates iodine from iodides
b) In acidic solution dichromate ions are converted to chromate ions
c) Ammonium dichromate on heating undergoes exothermic decomposition to give Cr2 O3
d) Potassium dichromate is used as a titrant for Fe2+ ions
764. In the electroplating of gold the electrolyte used is:
a) Gold chloride
b) Gold nitrate
c) Gold sulphate
d) Potassium aurocyanide
765. Silver is extracted from argentiferous lead by:
a) Mond’s process b) Parkes process c) Haber’s process d) Bergius process
766. Aqua regia reacts with Pt to yield:
a) Pt(NO3 )4 b) H2 PtCl6 c) PtCl4 d) PtCl2
767. Agrentite is an ore of
a) Fe b) Al c) Cu d) Ag
768. Transition elements exhibits variable valencies because they release electrons from the following orbits
a) 𝑛𝑠 b) 𝑛𝑠 and 𝑛𝑝 c) (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 and 𝑛𝑠 d) (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
769. For making good quality mirrors, plates of float glasses are used. These are obtained by floating molten
glass over a liquid metal which does not solidify before glass. The metal can be:
a) Na b) Mg c) Hg d) Sn
770. How is limestone used in Fe extraction?
a) Oxidation of Fe ore b) Reduction of Fe ore
c) Formation of slag d) Purification of Fe formed
771. When copper pyrites is roasted in excess of air, a mixture of CuO + FeO is formed. FeOis present as
impurities. This can be removed as slag during reduction of CuO. The flux added to form slag is
a) SiO2 which is an acid flux b) Lime stone, which is a basic flux
c) SiO2 , which is a basic flux d) CaO, which is a basic flux
772. The ‘spin –only’ magnetic moment [in units of Bohr magneton, (μβ ) ]of Ni2+ in aqueous solution would be
(Atomic number of Ni=28)
a) 2.84 b) 4.90 c) 0 d) 1.73
773. Which of the following is used as purgative?
a) HgS b) Hg 2 Cl2 c) HgCl2 d) ZnSO4
774. The formula of sodium nitroprusside is:
a) Na4 [Fe(CN)5 NOS] b) Na2 [Fe(CN)5 NO] c) NaFe[Fe(CN)6 ] d) Na2 [Fe(CN)6 NO2 ]
775. Which set represents an example of non typical transition elements?
a) Zn, Cd, Hg b) Sc, Ti, V c) Cu, Ag, Au d) Cr, Fe, Mn
776. When calomel reacts with NH4 OH solution, the compound formed is
a) NH2 — Hg— Cl b) Hg 2 Cl2 NH3 c) Hg(NH3 )2 Cl2 d) HgCl2 NH3
777. The highest magnetic moment is shown by the transition metal ion with the configuration
a) 3𝑑2 b) 3𝑑 5 c) 3𝑑7 d) 3𝑑9
778. Identify the alloy containing a non-metal as a constituent in it:
a) Bell metal b) Bronze c) Invar d) Steel
779. Chemical name of corrosive sublimate is:
a) Mercurous chloride b) Zinc chloride c) Mercuric chloride d) Aluminium chloride
780. Excess of KI reacts with CuSO4 solution and then Na2 S2 O3 solution is added to it. Which of the statements
is incorrect for this reaction?
 a) Cu2 I2 formed b) Cul2 is formed
c) Na2 S2 O3 is oxidised d) Evolved I2 is reduced
781. Cuprous ion is colourless, while cupric ion is coloured because
a) Both have half-filled 𝑝 and 𝑑-orbiatls
b) Cuprous ion has a completed 𝑑-orbital and cupric ion has incomplete 𝑑-orbital
c) Cuprous ion has incomplete 𝑑-orbital and cupric ion has a complete 𝑑-orbital
d) Both have unpaired electrons in 𝑑-orbital
782. Which one of the following is a diamagnetic ion?
a) Co2+ b) Cu2+ c) Mn2+ d) Sc 3+
783. Which of the following oxides of chromium is amphoteric in nature?
a) CrO b) Cr2 O3 c) CrO3 d) CrO5
784. Cast iron is manufactured by remelting:
a) Pig iron and pouring into moulds
b) Steel and pouring into moulds
c) Wrought iron and pouring into moulds
d) Iron ore and pouring into moulds
785. The number of 3𝑑-electrons in Cu+ ion is:
a) 8 b) 10 c) 6 d) 12
786. In the extraction of Fe from Fe2 O3 , the reducing agent used is
a) C b) Al c) Electrolytic reduction d) Cu
787. Transition elements are good conductors of current because:
a) They are metals
b) They are all solids
c) They have free electrons in outer energy orbits
d) All of the above
788. A compound is yellow when hot and white when cold. The compound is :
a) Al2 O3 b) PbO c) CaO d) ZnO
789. A solid (A) which has photographic effect reacts with the solution of a sodium salt (B) to give a pale yellow
ppt. (C). Sodium salt on heating gives brown vapours.
Identify A,Band C .
a) AgNO3 , NaBr, AgBr b) AgNO3 , NaCl, AgCl2 c) AgNO3 , NaBr, AgCl2 d) AgCl, NaBr, AgBr2
790. Silver possesses metallic lustre because:
a) It is a noble metal
b) It is coated with the oxide of silver
c) Valency electrons absorb white light completely
d) Valency electrons absorb and eject white light
791. Magnetic moment of manganese in (NH4 )2 MnBr2is
a) 3.87 BM b) 5.91 BM c) 4.89 BM d) 2.82 BM
792. Which transition metal is used for the reduction of steam to hydrogen?
a) Mg b) Fe c) Sc d) Pt
793. The transition elements are more metallic than the representative elements because they have
a) Electron pairs in 𝑑-orbitals b) Availability of 𝑑-orbitals for bonding
c) The electron in 𝑑-orbitals d) Unpaired electron in metallic orbitals
794. Cerium can show the oxidation state of +4 because:
a) It resembles alkali metals
b) It has very low value of 𝐼𝐸
c) Of its tendency to attain noble gas configuration of xenon
d) Of its tendency to attain 𝑓 configuration
 THE D-AND F-BLOCK ELEMENTS

1 (c) μ=√𝑛(𝑛 + 2)
1 13 (b)
AgNO3 ⟶ Ag + NO2 + O2
2 It is a fact.
2 (c)
14 (a)
Transition elements show covalency as well as
Fool’s gold is CuFeS2 which does not contain Au at
ionic valency, 𝑒. g. , Mn2+ ionic, Mn7+ covalent.
all
3 (c)
15 (b)
Potassium dichromate on heating gives oxygen 1
and chromic oxide (Cr2 O3 ). Cu + H2 SO4 + O2 ⟶ CuSO4 + H2 O
2
∆
4K 2 Cr2 O7 → 4K 2 CrO4 + 3O2 + 2Cr2 O3 17 (d)
4 (d) Hg does not form amalgam with iron.
Cyanide process is used for the extraction of silver 18 (b)
and gold. It is a process to get Zn granules.
5 (b) 19 (c)
ZnS is white in colour. Filling of differentiating electrons takes place in
6 (a) 3𝑑 in first transition series.
Silver metal is extracted by cyanide process. 20 (c)
Ag 2 S + 4NaCN ⇌ 2Na[Ag(CN)2 ] + Na2 S Limonite Fe2 O3 . 3H2 O
Argentite sodium argentocyanide Siderite FeCO3
2Na[Ag(CN)2 ] + Zn ⟶ Na2 [Zn(CN)4 ] + 2Ag ↓ Carnallite KCl. MgCl2 . 6H2 O
Sodium tetracyano ppt. Chalcopyrites CuFeS2
Zincate (II) 21 (c)
7 (c) Wrought iron is the purest form of iron and
Zn + 2NaOH ⟶ Na2 ZnO2 + H2 contains carbon and other impurities from 0.2%
∴ Zn liberates hydrogen with hot conc. alkali. to 0.5%.
8 (d) 22 (a)
Zn2+ ion possess (𝑛 − 1)𝑑10 configuration. There Pd, Pt absorb H2 in considerable amount.
are no unpaired electrons in (𝑛 − 1) 𝑑- subshell 23 (a)
due to which 𝑑 − 𝑑 transitions are not possible. It is a fact.
Hence, Zn2+ ions are colourless. 24 (d)
9 (d) On fusing AgClwith Na2 CO3 , metallic silver is
Au and Ag salts are soluble in KCN due to complex obtained.
Fuse
formation others not. 2AgCl + Na2 CO3 → 2Ag
10 (a) 1
1 ↓ + 2NaCl + CO2 + O
Au + 4CN− + H2 O + O2 2 2
2 metallic
⟶ 2[Au(CN2 )]− + 2OH − silver
𝐅𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐠𝐨𝐥𝐝 ore (𝑿) 25 (c)
2[Au(CN)2 ]− + Zn ⟶ [Zn(CN)2 ]− + 2Au Transition metals exhibit variable oxidation states
(𝑋) due to particitpation of (𝑛 − 1)𝑑-electron in bond
Hence, [𝑋] = [ Au(CN)2 ]− , 𝑌 = [Zn(CN)4 ]2− formation.
11 (b) 26 (c)
Argentite is an ore of Ag having composition Ag 2 S. In Bessemer’s converter impurities of C, Mn, Si, P
It dissolves in NaCN due to formation of soluble in pig iron are oxidized to produce steel.
complex. 27 (c)
Ag 2 S + 4NaCN ⟶ 2Na[Ag(CN)2 ] + NaCl 26 Fe has the configuration
∴ NaCN is used to dissolve argentite. 1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 3𝑝6 3𝑑6 , 4𝑠 2 .
12 (d) 28 (b)
Magnetic moment of transition metal is
 Fe2+ gets oxidized to Fe3+ and Cr26+ gets reduced white of an egg which is coagulated by the salt in
to Cr 3+ . the system and is eliminated by the system with
29 (b) salts absorbed in it, also Hg itself is very
Lanthanide contraction relates to decrease in poisonous.
atomic as well as ionic size of M 3+ ions 42 (b)
31 (c) 4Ag + 8NaCN + 2H2 O + O2
It is a fact. The idea is used in chemical ⟶ 4Na[Ag(CN)2 ] + 4NaOH
exhibitions. 43 (c)
32 (d) Calamine is the carbonate ore of zinc (ZnCO3).
SnCl2 + 2HgCl2 ⟶ SnCl4 + Hg 2 Cl2 44 (d)
White
Due to shielding effect.
Hg 2 Cl2 + SnCl2 ⟶ SnCl4 + Hg 2
Gray 45 (b)
33 (d) Both show +8 oxidation states.
V 4+ → 3𝑑1 , 4𝑠 0 46 (a)
One unpaired electron, therefore, it is When I− is oxidised by MnO− 4 in alkaline medium
− −
paramagnetic and coloured compound I converts into IO3 .
34 (c)
All bivalent metal cations form oxide of type MO.
Copper forms two types of oxides 𝑖. 𝑒., Cu2 O, CuO
Barium forms BaO
Silver forms Ag 2 O
Lead forms PbO, PbO2
Hence, silver cannot form MO type of oxide 47 (c)
because it forms monovalentcation (Ag +). 4Fe(CrO2 )2 + 8K 2 CO3 + 7O2 ⟶ 8K 2 CrO4 +
35 (d) 2Fe2 O3 + 8CO2 .
Cinnabar is HgS. 2K 2 CrO4 + H2 SO4 ⟶ K 2 Cr2 O7 + K 2 SO4 + H2 O
36 (d) 48 (c)
Following reaction takes place during Tungsten steel contains 14 20% W, 3 8% Cr;
bessemerisation used for high speed tools as well as for cutting
2Cu2 O + Cu2 S ⟶ 6Cu + SO2 purposes and maintain the cutting edge of the
37 (c) blade.
Corrosive sublimate is HgCl2 because it has 49 (b)
corrosion nature and sublimation nature. Cast iron or pig iron contains 2 to 4.5% of carbon.
38 (a) It is least ductile and least pure form of iron. It is
Actinides have variable valency due to very small brittle and cannot be welded.
difference in energies of 5𝑓, 6𝑑 and 7𝑠 orbitals 50 (c)
39 (b) Hg-alloys with other metals are called amalgams.
3𝑑-series contains 21 Sc to 30 Znin all 10 51 (c)
elements. HgCl2 is dangerous poison, the antidote being
40 (d) white of an egg which is coagulated by the salt in
Natural radioactivity is not a characteristic of the system and is eliminated by the system with
transition elements. salts absorbed in it, also Hg itself is very
General properties of transition elements are poisonous.
(i) Formation of coloured salts 52 (a)
(ii) Formation of complex salts It is characteristic of Mn steel.
(iii) Magnetic properties 53 (d)
(iv) Formation of interstitial compounds CO3+ have higher charge density than CO2+ , so
(v) Formation of alloys etc. CO3+ is more stable in octahedral complexes.
41 (c) (ii) Zn exhibits only +2 oxidation state. So,
HgCl2 is dangerous poison; the antidote being Zn2+ =[Ar]3𝑑10 , 4𝑠 0
 Since, it does not contain any unpaired electron, 66 (b)
its compounds are colourless. Hydrometallurgy is the process of dissolving the
(iii) 𝑑-block elements are generally paramagnetic metal or its ore by the action of a suitable
and sometimes diamagnetic, but not chemical reagent followed by recovery of the
ferromagnetic. metal either by electrolysis or by the use of a
(iv) Osmium and ruthenium are VIII group suitable precipitating agent.
elements, so can exhibit the highest oxidation 4Au + 8KCN + 2H2 O + O2
state +8 in their oxides, e.g., OsO4 . ⟶ 4K[Au(CN)2 ] + 4KOH
Hence, statement 1 and 4 are correct. air
54 (d) 2K[Au(CN)2 + Zn ⟶ 2Au + K 2 [Zn(CN)4 ]
∆
2FeSO4 → Fe2 O3 + SO2 + SO3 . 67 (c)
55 (d) Pt is noble metal.
Hydrometallurgy is based on reduction. In this 68 (b)
1
process, more electropositive Zn metal is used to Zn(NO3 )2 ⟶ ZnO + 2NO2 + O2
2
precipitate gold, silver etc. from their complex salt
69 (b)
solutions. 1
2K Au(CN)2 + Zn ⟶ K 2 Zn(CN)4 + 2Au Cu(NO3 )2 ⟶ CuO + 2NO2 + O2
2
2Na Ag(CN)2 + Zn ⟶ Na2 Zn(CN)4 + 2Ag 70 (b)
Alkali metals or aluminium can also reduce It is a property of calomel.
complex salts. 72 (a)
K 2 TiF6 + 4K ⟶ 6KF + Ti NaCl + H2 SO4 + K 2 Cr2 O7
K 2 ZrF6 + 2Al ⟶ 2AlF3 + 2K + Zr → CrO2 Cl2 + K 2 SO4 + Na2 SO4
56 (b) chromyl chloride
As oxidation state increases, electronegativity 73 (d)
increases thus acidic characteristic increases not Spin only magnetic moment.
basic.
μ=√𝑛(𝑛 + 2) = √24
57 (d)
⇒ 𝑛2+2𝑛 −24=0
ZrandHf possess similar atomic size and hence are
(𝑛+6)(𝑛 −4)=0
called twins of Periodic Table. It is due to
∴ 𝑛 =4
lanthanide contraction.
[∵ 𝑛 =−6not possible.]
58 (c)
Here, 𝑛 is the number of unpaired electrons.
Boron(B), aluminium(Al) and gallium, (Ga) are
The electronic configuration of the metal ion 𝑀 𝑥+
present in IIIA group. They show +3 oxidation
is
state. While cerium(Ce) is a lanthanoid. It is
Z(25) =1𝑠 2 ,2𝑠 2 ,2𝑝6 ,3𝑠 2 ,3𝑝6 , 4𝑠 2 ,3𝑑5
present in lanthanide series. It shows +3 and +4
Since, four unpaired electrons are present, the
oxidation states.
oxidation state must be +3.
60 (b)
∴ 𝑍 3+ (25)= 1𝑠 2 ,2𝑠 2 ,2𝑝6 ,3𝑠 2 ,3𝑝6 , 3𝑑 4
Iron carbide or Fe3 C.
74 (b)
61 (b)
ZnSO4 + 2NaHCO3
2Na[Ag(CN)2 ] + Zn ⟶ Na2 Zn(CN)4 + 2Ag
⟶ ZnCO3 + CO2 + H2 O + Na2 SO4
This is extraction of Ag by cyanide process.
75 (c)
62 (c) Ni
Constantan is an alloy of Cu and Ni. Oil + H2 → Ghee
(Unsaturated) (Saturated)
63 (a) 76 (b)
Monel metal or constantan is an alloy of Cu, Ni, Ag 2 SO4containsAg +(4𝑑10 ) and is colourless.
Fe, Mn. CuF2 containsCu2+ (3𝑑9 ) and is coloured due to
64 (d) the presence of one unpaired electron in 𝑑-orbital
It is a fact. Rest all are coinage metals. of Cu2+ .
65 (d) MgF2containsMg 2+ and is colourless 𝑛/2 CuCl
HgCl2 + 2NH3 ⟶ Hg(NH3 )2 Cl2.
contains Cu+ (3𝑑10 ) and is colourless.
77 (c) subshell.”
Malachite is an ore of Cu containing 90 (a)
CuCO3 . Cu(OH)2 (green colour) In Bessemer’s converter impurities of C, Mn, Si, P
78 (c) in pig iron are oxidized to produce steel.
Pure copper as a cathode and impure copper as 92 (d)
anode is used in refining of impure copper. These are reasons for the given fact.
79 (b) 93 (c)
It is a fact. Philosopher’s wool on heating with BaO at 1100°
80 (b) C produce BaZnO2 .
Paramagnetism is shown by the positive ions of 1100℃
BaO + ZnO → Ba ZnO2
lanthanides except La3+ (4f 0 )and Lu3+ (4𝑓14 ). 95 (b)
These ions are diamagnetic Ferrous ion (Fe2+ ) changes to ferric ion Fe3+ on
81 (b) reacting with acidified H2 O2 as.
HgI2 + 2KI ⟶ K 2 HgI4 2K 4 [Fe(CN)6 ] + H2 SO4 H2 O2 ⟶
soluble 2K 3 [Fe(CN)6 ] + K 2 SO4 + 2H2 O
∆
HgI2 → Hg + I2 Electronic configuration of Fe3+ =
82 (d) 1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 , 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 , 3𝑝6 , 3𝑑5
Maximum oxidation state exhibited by 𝑑-block Number of 𝑑-electrons =5
elements (O.S.) =no of 𝑛𝑠 electrons + no. of (𝑛 − Magnetic moment=√𝑛(𝑛 + 2)
1)𝑑 electrons.
=√5(5 + 2)=5.92BM
(a) O.S.=2+2=4 (b) O.S.=5+1=6
96 (c)
(c) O.S.=3+2=5 (d) O.S=5+2=7
5 2
It reacts with alkalies and acids both.
(𝑛 − 1) 𝑑 𝑛𝑠 configuration will achieve the
98 (c)
highest oxidation state.
Argentite Ag 2 S
83 (d)
Haematite Fe2 O3
2MnO2 + 4 KOH + O2
Malachite Cu (OH)2 . CuCO3
Fusion
→ 2K 2 MnO4 + 2H2 O Calamine ZnCO3
Oxidation number of Mn in K 2 MnO4 is 99 (d)
2 × (1) + 𝑥 + 4(−2) = 0 ZnO is also called Chinese white.
𝑥 = +6 101 (c)
84 (d) —do—
The process is called galvanisation and it protects 102 (d)
iron from corrosion against the action of water The transition metals form a large number of
and O2 . interstitial compounds in which small atoms like
85 (b) hydrogen, carbon, boron and nitrogen occupy
Rest all are uses of Cu and its alloys. interstitial sites in their lattices
86 (c) 103 (b)
4Ag + 8CN− + 2H2 O + O2 It is a fact.
⟶ 4[Ag(CN)2 ]− + 4OH − 104 (c)
This process is called cyanide process. It is used The presence of unfilled 𝑑-orbitals favours
in the extraction of silver from argentite (Ag 2 S). covalent bonding.
87 (d) 105 (c)
The refining of nickel is carried out by using CO. Fe does not show allotropy.
This process is called Mond’s process. 106 (c)
88 (c) Acidified potassium dichromate is oxidized to
Lanthanide contraction is due to the imperfect unstable blue chromium peroxide, which is
shielding of 𝑓-electrons due to the diffused shape soluble in ether and produces blue coloured
of 𝑓-orbitals. Therefore, as the atomic number solution.
increases effective nuclear charge increases and K 2 Cr2 O7 + H2 SO4 + 4H2 O2
this results in contraction of size of the 4𝑓- ⟶ 2CrO5 + K 2 SO4 + 5H2 O
 blue colour AgBr + 2Na2 S2 O3 ⟶ Na3 [Ag(S2 O3 )2 ] + NaBr.
Soluble
107 (c)
120 (a)
Ag 2 S + 4KCN(𝑎𝑞. )
Invar is Ni-Fe alloy used in clock pendulum.
⟶ 2K[Ag(CN)2 ](𝑎𝑞. ) + K 2 S(𝑎𝑞. )
121 (d)
108 (a)
The basic character of hydroxides decreases from
It is a fact.
La(OH)3 to Lu(OH)3 . Due to smaller size of Lu, the
109 (a)
Lu— OH bond attains more covalent character.
It is a fact.
122 (b)
110 (d)
It is called iodide of Millon’s base.
Strength of metallic bond depends upon number
123 (a)
of unpaired electrons. As number of unpaired
It is a fact.
electrons increase, the bond strength also
124 (a)
increases. So, Cr, Mo, show stronger bonding due
It is a fact.
to maximum number of unpaired electrons.
125 (b)
111 (d)
Maximum oxidation state of transition metals
German silver contains Cu, Zn and Ni.
=number of electrons in (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 orbitals +
112 (b)
number of electrons in 𝑛𝑠 orbital.
It is a fact.
The electronic configuration of
113 (d)
Os=[xe]4𝑓14 , 5𝑑6 . 6𝑠 2
The extraction to Cu metal involves
∴ Maximum oxidation state 6+2=8
bessemerisation. In this process, copper matte
∴The highest oxidation state exhibited by
obtained from smelting transfered to a Bessemer
transition metal is +8 𝑒. 𝑔. , OsO4.
converter (lined with silica) and a hot air blast is
126 (b)
brown to obtain blister copper.
2Cl2 + HgO ⟶ Cl2 O + HgCl2
114 (d)
mercuricmercuric
CuCl + CO → CuClCO
oxide chloride
115 (a)
128 (a)
CrO3 dissolves in aqueous NaOH to give sodium
3𝑑 is partially filled.
chromate.
129 (a)
CrO3 + 2NaOH ⟶ Na2 CrO4 + H2 O
μ = √𝑛(𝑛 + 2)
Sodium chromate
116 (c) ⇒ √15 = √𝑛(𝑛 + 2)
Silver metal is obtained by Mac-Arthur Forrest ∴ 𝑛 =3
process which is called cyanide process. The 130 (c)
concentrated ore of argentite is treated with These show fcc, hep and bcc structures.
dilute NaCN solution and a current of O2 is 131 (c)
continuously passed. Silver sulphide goes into Formation of coloured solution is possible when
solution in the form of soluble complex sodium metal ion in the compound contains unpaired
argentocyanide. electrons 𝑒. 𝑔.,
2Ag 2 S + 8NaCN + O2 + 2H2 O ⟶ Cu+ :3𝑑10 4𝑠 0 colourless
4Na[Ag(CN)2 ] + 4NaOH + 2S Cu2+ :3𝑑9 4𝑠 0 blue
The soluble complex is treated with zinc dust, 132 (d)
when silver gets precipitated. In wrought iron, carbon is present as Fe3 C
2Na[Ag(CN)2 ] + Zn ⟶ Na2 [Zn(CN)4 + 2Ag ↓ (cementite) 𝑖𝑒, iron carbide and graphite
117 (d) 133 (d)
German silver alloy contains zinc, copper and [Ar]3𝑠1 + 3 = Ti, it means 𝑀3+ from Ti3+ ion
nickel. 134 (b)
118 (c) From (𝑛 − 1)𝑑1 𝑡𝑜 (𝑛 − 1)𝑑10 .
Follow electrorefining of Cu to get 100% pure Cu. 135 (d)
119 (d) Lanthanoid contraction is due to ineffective
shielding produced by larger 𝑓-subshell.
136 (c) (𝑛 − 1)𝑑5 𝑛𝑠1 ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿
Zr and Hf have similar radii, therefore they show
similar properties (𝑛 − 1)𝑑5 𝑛𝑠1 6(as in Cr)
137 (c)
Fe2+ (3𝑑6 ) and Fe3+ (3𝑑5 ) will show different (𝑛 − 1)𝑑3 𝑛𝑠 2 ↿ ↿ ↿ ⥮
magnetic moment.
138 (a) (𝑛 − 1)𝑑3 𝑛𝑠 2 5(as in V)
The process of hardening the surface of wrought
iron by depositing a surface layer of steel on it is (𝑛 − 1)𝑑5 𝑛𝑠 2 ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ ⥮
called case-hardening. It is done by heating
wrought iron in contact with potassium (𝑛 − 1)𝑑3 𝑛𝑠 2 7(as in Mn)
ferricyanide 146 (d)
Alternatively, case hardening can also be done by 4NaCN + Ag 2 S ⟶ 2NaAg(CN)2 + Na2 S
heating wrought iron with charcoal and then 147 (b)
plunging it in a suitable oil Cr 3+ is a more stable state (3𝑑3 -configuration).
139 (b) 148 (c)
KMnO4 has no unpaired electron. Rest all have Cu2 O is red oxide.
unpaired electrons. 149 (a)
140 (b) MnO and Mn2 O3 are basic, MnO2 is amphoteric,
Colour of transition metal ion salt is due to 𝑑 − Mn2 O7 basic.
𝑑 transition of unpaired electrons of 𝑑 -orbital. 150 (d)
Metal ion salt having similar number of unpaired Impurities of Cu and Ag from gold are removed by
electrons in 𝑑-orbitals shows similar colour in boiling impure gold with conc. H2 SO4 and also by
aqueous medium. electrolytic method.
In VOCl2 vanadium is present as V 4+ and in CuCl2 Heat
Cu + 2H2 SO4 → CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2 O
, copper is present as Cu2+ . Heat
So, 23V=1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 2𝑝 6 , 3𝑠 2 3𝑝6 3𝑑3 , 4𝑠 2 2Ag + 2H2 SO4 → Ag 2 SO4 + SO2 + 2H2 O
V 4+ = 1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 3𝑝6 3𝑑1 This method is called parting. Conc. HNO3 can also
3𝑑1 be used for this purpose.
↿ 151 (d)
Number of unpaired electrons =1 4𝑓and5𝑓-belongs to different shell, experience
and 29Cu =1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 3𝑝6 3𝑑10 , 4𝑠1 different amount of shielding.
Cu2+ = 1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 3𝑝6 3𝑑9 152 (d)
3𝑑9 The magnitude of stability constants for some
⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ↿ divalent metal ions of the first transition series
Number of unpaired electron =1 with oxygen or nitrogen donor ligands increases
Hence, VOCI2andCuCI2 show similar colour. in the order
141 (b) Mn2+ < 𝐹e2+ < 𝐶o2+ < 𝑁i2+ < 𝐶u2+ < 𝑍n2+
Ag + + 𝑒 ⟶ Ag ; finely divided Ag is black in 153 (a)
colour and thus.AgNO3 causes black stain on skin. Silver halides are photosensitive and are easily
It is therefore, called lunar caustic. reduced to Ag by mild reducing agent
142 (a) (hydroquinone, ferrous oxalate, etc.)
Rest all properties are different. 154 (a)
143 (a) Ammounium dichromate on heating gives N2 gas
AgCl is called in ore form as horn silver. which is also given by heating of NH4 NO2 .
∆
144 (d) (NH4 )2 Cr2 O7 → Cr2 O3 + 4H2 O + N2 ↑
Na2 CrO4 + 2AgNO3 ⟶ Ag 2 CrO4 + 2NaNO3 ∆
NH4 NO2 → 2H2 O + N2 ↑
145 (d)
155 (c)
(𝑛 − 1)𝑑8 𝑛𝑠 2 ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ↿ ↿ ⥮
8 2 2Au + 3HNO3 + 11HCl
(𝑛 − 1)𝑑 𝑛𝑠 4(as in Ni)
⟶ 2HAuCl4 + 3NOCl + 6H2 O
156 (d) 24Cr
2+
=[Ar]3𝑑4 (𝑛=4)
Hg-alloys with other metals are called amalgams. 2+ 5
25Mn =[Ar]3𝑑 (𝑛=5)
157 (b) 26Fe
2+
=[Ar]3𝑑 6
(𝑛=4)
In the blast furnace, iron oxide is reduced by Hence magnetic moment will be maximum for
300−400℃
3Fe2 O3 + CO → 2Fe3 O4 + CO2 Mn2+(equal to 5.92 BM).
500−600℃ 167 (b)
Fe3 O4 + CO → 3FeO + CO2
700℃
The reaction,
FeO + CO → Fe + CO2 2FeS + 3O2 ⟶ 2FeO + 2SO2 ↑
158 (b) Occurs during roasting of pyrites ore. Roasting is
The higher the charge on the metal ion, smaller is the process of heating concentrated ore in the
the ionic size and more is the complex forming stream of air to convert it into oxide.
ability. Thus, the degree of complex formation 168 (d)
decreases in the order Mn2+ , V 4+ , Ti4+ and Cr 3+ are stable oxidation
𝑀4+ > 𝑀O2+ 2 >𝑀
3+
> 𝑀O+ 2 state of respective elements.
The higher tendency of complex formation of 169 (c)
𝑀O2+ 2 as compared to 𝑀
3+
is due to high CuSO4 →
1000 K
CuO + SO3 ↑
concentration of charge on metal atom 𝑀 in 𝑀O2+ 2 170 (a)
159 (a) AgI is insoluble in NH3 .
Stainless steel is an alloy of iron with chromium 171 (d)
and nickel. Its composition is 82% Fe and 18% Cr CdS is yellow in colour (Follow II gp qualitative
+Ni. It resists corrosion and used for making analysis).
automobile parts and utensils. 173 (c)
160 (a) Fe(CNS)3 is a red-coloured substance.
It is a fact. 174 (d)
161 (b) Zn2+ ions have all paired electrons so, it is
Cr 2+ and Fe2+ diamagnetic .
Cr 2+ − 3𝑑4 175 (b)
↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ Elements belonging to gp.3 to gp.12 are 𝑑-block
(4 unpaired electrons) elements.
Fe2+ − 3𝑑6 176 (b)
⥮ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ It is a fact.
(4 unpaired electrons)
177 (c)
162 (b) The formation of thin layer of oxide makes it
HgCl2 is easily volatile. It is insoluble in water and
passive.
soluble in acids
178 (d)
163 (b)
Cu; Removal of next electron takes place from 4𝑠-
In Cu configuration is 3𝑑10 , 4𝑠1 and not 3𝑑9 , 4𝑠 2 .
subshell and the removal of next electron takes
In Cr configuration is 3𝑑5 , 4𝑠1 and not 3𝑑4 , 4𝑠 2 . place from completely filled 3𝑑10 .
164 (c) 179 (a)
Fe is in +2 oxidation state in Mohr’s salt. It is a fact.
165 (c) 180 (d)
Mn exhibits the maximum number of oxidation All are transition elements.
states. 181 (c)
Mn(𝑍=25)[Ar]3𝑑5 , 4𝑠 2 Mond’s process involves extraction of Ni.
It can show +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 and +7 oxidation 335K
states. Ni + 4CO → Ni(CO)4 (Volatile);
450K
166 (c) Ni(CO)4 → Ni + 4CO
Magnetic moment (μ) = √𝑛(𝑛 + 2)BMwhere,'𝑛' 182 (c)
is the number of unpaired electrons. Cu2 O is red oxide of Cu.CuO is black oxide of Cu.
23V
2+
=[Ar]3𝑑3 (𝑛=3) 183 (a)
 Mn7+ + 3𝑒 ⟶ Mn4+ 𝑑 3 : 3 Unpaired electron
Mn7+ + 5𝑒 ⟶ Mn2+ 𝑑 2 : 2 Unpaired electron
Mn7+ + 4𝑒 ⟶ Mn3+ 𝑑 8 : 2 Unpaired electron
Mn7+ + 𝑒 ⟶ Mn6+ 𝑑 6 : 4 Unpaired electron
184 (b) 198 (a)
Cu + O2 + CO2 + H2 O → Cu(OH)2 ∙ CuCO3 The b.p. of Zn, Cd, Hg are 1193, 1040, 1129.7K,
185 (a) comparatively lower values, and are called
German silver is an alloy of Cu + Zn + Ni (2:1:1 volatile metals. These are therefore, purified by
respectively). distillation.
187 (a) 199 (a)
Ag is best conductor of electricity among all The differentiating electrons enter the 𝑛𝑠-orbital
metals. but they have configuration (𝑛 − 1)𝑑10 𝑛𝑠 2 .
188 (d) 201 (c)
Cu2+ + Fe(CN)4−6 ⟶ Cu2 [Fe(CN)6 ] Many of the 𝑑-block (transition) elements and
Reddish brown ppt.
their compounds act as catalyst . Catalytic
189 (b)
property is probably due to the utilisation of (𝑛 −
Basicity of lanthanide hydroxides decreases along
1) 𝑑-orbitals or formation of interstitial
the lanthanides series from left to right
compounds.
190 (b)
202 (a)
CuSO4 + 4NH4 OH ⟶ Cu(NH3 )4 SO4 + 4H2 O
Blue 2HgCl2 + SnCl2 ⟶ SnCl4 + Hg 2 Cl2 (white)
4FeCl3 + 3Na4 Fe(CN)6 Hg 2 Cl2 + SnCl2 ⟶ SnCl4 + Hg 2 (Grey)
⟶ Fe4 [Fe(CN)6 ]3 + 12NaCl 203 (b)
Blue
Mohr salt is FeSO4 . (NH4 )2 SO4 . 6H2 O
CuSO4 + 𝑎𝑞. ⟶ CuSO4 . 5H2 O ∴ It is double salt having FeSO4 and (NH4 )2 SO4.
White Hydrated(blue)
204 (a)
2CuSO4 + K 4 Fe(CN)6 ⟶ Cu2 Fe(CN)6 + 2K 2 SO4
Brown Mn in MnO− 4 has +7 and Cr in CrO2 Cl2 has +6
191 (a) oxidation state, the highest for Mn and Cr
Cerium is used in gas mantles, glass polishing and respectively.
in pyrophasic alloys for lighter flints. 205 (c)
192 (a) Lanthanides are the 14 elements of IIIB group and
Gadolinium (Z=64) [Xe] 4𝑓 7 , 5𝑑1 , 6𝑠 2 sixth period (At. no.=58 to 71) that are filling 4𝑓-
Lutetium(Z=71)[Xe] 4𝑓14 , 5𝑑1 , 6𝑠 2 subshell of antipenultimate shell from 1 to 14 .
Lawrencium(Z=103)[Rn] 5𝑓14 , 6𝑑1 , 7𝑠 2 Actually, they are placed below the Periodic Table
Tantalum(Z=73) [Xe]4𝑓14 , 5𝑑3 , 6𝑠 2 in horizontal row as lanthanide series.
Hence, gadolinium has got incompletely filled 𝑓- 206 (a)
subshell. When the quenched steel is heated to
193 (b) temperature below red hot and then allowed to
ℎ𝑣 1 cool slowly. It becomes soft. This process is
AgNO3 → Ag + NO2 + 2 O2 ; brown coloured
known as annealing
bottles cut the passage of light through it.
207 (d)
194 (b)
It is a use of chrome alum.
Hg has low b.p. like other members of gp. 12.
208 (c)
196 (d)
We know that by reducing auric chloride by
Elements having electronegativity in the range of
stannous chloride, the colloidal solution of gold is
1.35 −1.82 do not form stable hydride. Thus,
obtained. It is known as purple of cassius
leads to hydride gap. These are present in the
209 (b)
middle of the Periodic Table i.e., belongs to groups
2CuCl2 + SO2 + 2H2 O ⟶ Cu2 Cl2 + 2HCl + H2 SO4
7, 8 and 9.
210 (d)
197 (d)
C, Fe, Mg react with hot water to give H2 .
Magnetic moment depends upon the number of
211 (b)
unpaired electron.
 Tungsten is the highest m.p. metal (3410C). 225 (c)
212 (d) Silver nitrate decomposes to silve nitrite on
Mercurous chloride (calomel) is prepared by heating above its melting point (212℃).
>212℃
heating HgCl2 and Hg in iron vessel. 2AgNO3 → 2AgNO2 + O2
∆
HgCl2 + Hg → Hg 2 Cl2 On heating above 450℃ (red hot), silver nitrate
It can also be prepared by the reduction of decomposes to metallic silver, oxide of nitrogen
mercury (II) chloride by tin (II) chloride in a and oxygen.
>450℃
limited quantity. 2AgNO3 → 2Ag + 2NO2 + O2
∆
2HgCl2 + SnCl2 → Hg 2 Cl2 + SnCl4 226 (a)
213 (a) Cu2+ has one unpaired electron.
It is a fact. 227 (d)
214 (b) ZnSO4 forms soluble zincates.
SO2− 2−
3 + H2 O ⟶ SO4 + 2H + 2𝑒
+ 228 (d)
−
MnO4 + 8H + + 5𝑒 ⟶ Mn2+ + 4H2 O. Thermite is Fe2 O3 + Al used for welding.
215 (c) 229 (a)
It is a fact. Cu2 O is called ruby copper.
216 (d) 230 (c)
The element having unpaired electron is Np and Pu in NpO+ +
3 and PuO3 oxocations show +7
paramagnetic. More the number of unpaired oxidation state which are not so stable
electrons, more will be paramagnetic character. 231 (a)
Mn (25)=1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 , 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 , 3𝑝6 , 4𝑠 2 , 3𝑑5 Ammonia soda process is for manufacture of
∴ 5 unpaired electrons Na2 CO3 .
Fe (26)= 1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 , 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 , 3𝑝6 , 4𝑠 2 , 3𝑑6 232 (a)
∴ 4 unpaired electrons Steel is the most important commercial variety of
Ni (28)= 1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 , 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 , 3𝑝6 , 4𝑠 2 , 3𝑑8 iron having percentage of carbon 0.25 − 2
∴ 2 unpaired electrons (between cast iron wrought iron).
Cu (29)= 1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 , 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 , 3𝑝6 , 4𝑠 2 , 3𝑑10 233 (c)
2+
∴ 1 unpaired electrons 28 Ni has two unpaired electrons, 22 Ti3+ ,
∴ Mn has maximum and Cu has least has one unpaired electron.
paramagnetic property. 235 (a)
217 (b) Ionization energy increases along the period and
It is a reason for the given fact. therefore, they have lesser values than 𝑝-block
218 (c) and more value of 𝐼𝐸 than 𝑠-block elements.
The cupellation step in Parke’s process is used to 237 (a)
purify Ag from lead. Cu, Ag, Au group of element are called coinage
219 (c) metals as these are used in minting coins.
It is a fact. 238 (a)
221 (d) Cadmipone is CdS + BaSO4 .
All are facts about Hg. 239 (c)
222 (a) Correct order of melting points is
The most abundant transition metal is Fe. Mn(1246 C) < 𝑇𝑖 (1668 C) < 𝑉 ≈ 𝐶𝑟(1907 C)
223 (a) 240 (d)
All those inner-transition elements having +2 Actual composition of chromite ore(FeCr2 O4 ) is
oxidation state, changes to +3, and act as FeO.Cr2 O3 . In FeO, the oxidation state of Fe is +2
reducing agents. While those having +4 tend to while in Cr2 O3 , the oxidation state of Cr is +3.
change to +3 and act as oxidizing agents. 241 (b)
Therefore, Np4+ acts as an oxidizing agent ∆ 1
HgO → Hg + O2
224 (a) 2
Oxide of Mn in its intermediate oxidation state i.e., 242 (a)
+4 is MnO2. This is amphoteric in character. Cast iron has the highest percentage of carbon. It
 contains 2 to 4.5 % of carbon along with Azurite is the ore of copper, its molecular formula
impurities such as sulphur, silicon, phosphorus is Cu(OH)2 . 2CuCO3 .
etc. It is the least pure form of iron. 255 (b)
243 (a) CrO2−
4 + 2H
+
⟶ Cr2 O2−
7 + H2 O
Argentite is Ag 2 S. 256 (d)
244 (d) Zn + 2HCl ⟶ ZnCl2 + H2
2HgS + 3O2 ⟶ 2HgO + 2SO2 , Zn + H2 SO4 ⟶ ZnSO4 + H2
Dil.
2HgO + HgS ⟶ 3Hg + SO2
4Zn + 10HNO3 ⟶ 4Zn(NO3 )2 + N2 O + 5H2 O
245 (a)
Thus, NO− 3 ions are reduced to N2 O whereas in
Transuranic elements start after uranium and
first two reactions H + is reduced to H2 .
begin with Np (Neptunium)
257 (b)
246 (a)
Siderite —FeCO3 , calcite (or limestone) — CaCO3 ,
All these compounds are less soluble in water
silver glance(or argentite) —Ag 2 S, fool’s gold (or
and only Zn(OH)2 is soluble in NH4 Cl + NH4 OH
iron pyrites) —FeS2 .
due to formation of tetramine zinc (II) complex.
258 (c)
Zn2+ + 4NH4 OH ⟶ [Zn(NH3 )4 ]2+ + 2H2 O
3Fe + 4H2 O ⟶ Fe3 O4 + 4H2
247 (d)
259 (d)
Transition metals can form ionic or covalent
In the electrolytic refining of zinc, anode is made
compounds and their melting and boiling points
up of impure zinc while a strip of pure zinc acts as
are high. Their compounds are generally coloured
cathode. An acidified solution of zinc sulphate acts
and they usually
as electrolyte. When electricity is passed,
exhibit variable valency.
following reactions occur.
248 (b)
At cathode
Both KMnO4 and FeCl3 are oxidant and thus, no
Zn2+ + 2𝑒 − ⟶ Zn
reaction.
pure
249 (b)
At anode
Alloy is a homogeneous mixture of two or more
Zn ⟶ Zn2+ + 2𝑒 −
metals. Mercury forms amalgams (alloy) with
impure
gold, silver and tin. But it does not react with iron
261 (b)
or platinum.
Ni combines with CO to form volatile Ni(CO)4
250 (b)
which decomposes to give pure Ni metal and CO
Purple of Cassius is the trade name for gold sol. in
on heating.
water. Heat
252 (d) Ni(CO)4 → Ni + 4CO ↑
Gd(64) Volatile metal
[𝑋𝑒]54 4𝑓 7 262 (c)
↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ In Bessemer’s converter impurities of C, Mn, Si, P
5𝑑1 in pig iron are oxidized to produce steel.
↑ ⥮ 263 (b)
All the electrons of 4𝑓-orbital are unpaired, hence [Ag(CN)2 ]−
stable. 264 (d)
Thus, Gd(64) has EC as [𝑋𝑒]54 4𝑓 7 5𝑑1 6𝑠 2 Due to lanthanide contraction there occurs net
Instead of [𝑋𝑒]54 4𝑓 8 6𝑠 2 decrease in size. Only one 0.85 Å is smaller one.
253 (c) 265 (a)
The electronic configuration of mercury (80) is When oxyhaemoglobin changes to
[Xe]4𝑓10 , 5𝑑10 , 6𝑠 2 . Its 𝑑-subshell is completely deoxyhaemoglobin, Fe2+ ion changes from
filled, thus it prevents the overlapping of 𝑑- diamagnetic to paramagnetic.
orbitals (𝑑 − 𝑑overlapping). 266 (c)
Hence, it is liquid metal at room temperature. Zn blende is ZnS.
254 (c) 267 (d)
Transitional metal ion having unpaired electrons
 are coloured while those which have no unpaired 450K
Ni(CO)4 → Ni + 4CO
electron are colourless. 283 (c)
TiF62− 2Fe2 (SO4 )3 + 3K 4 [Fe(CN)6 ] ⟶
Ti4+ :[Ar]3𝑑0 ;0 unpaired electrons; colourless Fe4 [Fe(CN)6 ]3 + 6K 2 SO4 .
Cu2 Cl2 (Prussian blue)

Cu+ :[Ar]3𝑑10 ;0 unpaired electrons; colourless 284 (c)

CoF63− , German silver is an alloy of copper, zinc and
CO3+ :[Ar]3𝑑6 ;4 unpaired electrons; coloured nickel. It is used in utensils and resistance wire.
NiCl2− 285 (b)
4
Ni :[Ar]3𝑑8 ;2 unpaired electrons; coloured
2+ Due to the formation of CuCO3 . Cu(OH)2; green
268 (d) 286 (b)
Ti It is a reason for the given fact.
∶ 3𝑑2 4𝑠 2 ; V: 3𝑑3 4𝑠 2 ; Cr: 3𝑑5 4𝑠1 ; Mn: 3𝑑5 4𝑠 2 ; 287 (a)
Ti2+ : 3𝑑2 ; V 3+ : 3𝑑2 ; Cr 4+ : 3𝑑2 ; Mn5+ : 3𝑑2 FeSO4 is mostly used in manufacture of blue-black
269 (d) ink, as a mordant in dyeing and tanning
Hg 2 Cl2 + 2NH3 ⟶ HgNH2 Cl + Hg + NH4 Cl industries.
white black 288 (c)
270 (b) It is a trade name for CuSO4 . 5H2 O.
Molybdenum steel is resistant to acid. 289 (a)
271 (b) The elements having incomplete 𝑑-orbital can
A characteristic of transition elements. show variable oxidation state (because the
272 (c) electrons move the two levels of 𝑑 itself)
A characteristic hydride formation by 𝑑-block ∴ Zn has completely filled 𝑑-orbital.
elements. ∴ It does not show variable oxidation state. It
273 (a) always show +2 oxidation state.
RBCs contain Fe in haemoglobin. 291 (b)
275 (d) It is a fact.
Pt is a noble metal. 292 (b)
∆ 1
276 (c) Ag 2 O → 2Ag + O2
ZnS (white), is precipitated in weak acidic 2
medium ZnCl2 (𝑎𝑞.) and Zn(NO3 )2 (𝑎𝑞.) give 293 (a)
strongly acidic solution. Calamine (ZnCO3 )is an ore of zinc.
277 (b) 294 (b)
Zn, Cd, Hg are 𝑑-block elements but not regarded Haematite (Fe2 O3 ) having FeO is first oxidized to
as transition elements because these do not have Fe2 O3 and then reduced to Fe by Co.
partially filled 𝑑-orbitals in their most common 295 (b)
oxidation states MnO2 forms amphoteric oxide due to
278 (b) intermediate oxidation state
The solubility order isAgF > 𝐴𝑔𝐶𝑙 > 𝐴𝑔𝐵𝑟 > 296 (d)
𝐴𝑔𝐼 > 𝐴g 2 S Ir does not dissolve in aqua regia as it is much
279 (b) more noble than Au and Pt
Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc (60−80% Cu 297 (d)
and 40−20% Zn). Hg has +1 oxidation state in Hg2 Cl2 .
280 (c) 298 (b)
Fe2+ ⟶ Fe3+ + 𝑒; Mn7+ + 5𝑒 ⟶ Mn2+ [Co(NH3 )5 Cl]Cl2 ionizes to [Co(NH3 )5 Cl]2+ and
281 (b) Cl− . These 2Cl− react with Ag + to form white ppt.
Ag salts on strong heating form Ag. of AgCl.
282 (b) 299 (d)
Mond’s process involves extraction of Ni. All are facts.
335K
Ni + 4CO → Ni(CO)4 (Volatile); 300 (a)
 K 2 Cr2 O7 + H2 SO4 + 4H2 O2 319 (d)
→ K 2 SO4 + 2CrO5 + 5H2 O K 2 HgI4, a colourless complex, is formed,
301 (a) 4KI + HgCl2 ⟶ K 2 HgI4 + 2KCl
White vitriol is ZnSO4 . 7H2 O. 320 (a)
302 (a) The atomic weight of Co, Ni and Fe are 59.90,
No in iron complex has +1 oxidation number. 58.60, 55.85 respectively. Therefore, Co > Ni > Fe
303 (b) is the correct sequence of atomic weights
Mn2+is most stable as it has half-filled 𝑑-orbitals. 321 (a)
304 (c) Silver nitrate is commercially known as lunar
ZnCl2 ∙ 2H2 O → Zn(OH)Cl + HCl + H2 O caustic.
∆
Zn(OH)Cl → ZnO + HCl 322 (b)
305 (c) The complex formed is Ag(NH3 )2 Cl which ionizes
3Fe(CN)2 + 4Fe(CN)3 → Fe4 [Fe(CN)6 ]3 or in Ag(NH3 )+ −
2 and Cl .

Fe7 C18 N18 323 (b)

Prussian blue Fe is ferromagnetic, 𝑖. 𝑒., retains magnetic
306 (a) properties if field is removed
CrO2− 324 (d)
4 has no unpaired 𝑑 −electron.
307 (a) Zinc sulphate(ZnSO4 ∙ 7H2 O) is called white
La(OH)3 is more basic than Lu(OH)3 . This is vitriol. It when heated with barium sulphide,
because ionic size ofLa3+ ion is more than Lu3+ forms a white pigment lithopone
ion 325 (c)
308 (d) This is definition of tempering of steel. The
Cerium is commonly used in manufacture of product obtained is neither so hard nor so brittle.
alloys of lanthanide. It is also used in dying cotton It is softer than steel.
or fabrics, for scavenging oxygen and sulphur 326 (b)
from other metals and also used as catalyst. “925 fine silver” means 925, parts of pure Ag in
309 (a) 1000 parts of an alloy. Therefore, in percentage it
—do— will be 92.5% Ag and 7.5% Cu
310 (d) 327 (c)
It is a reason for the given fact. It is a property of ZnCl2 .
311 (d) 328 (d)
It is a fact. AgBr, silver bromide is used in photography.
312 (b) 329 (d)
Zn does not show corrosion. Brass is an alloy of Cu and Zn.
313 (c) Bronze is an alloy of Cu and Sn.
The process is called hardening of steel and it German silver is an alloy of Cu, Zn and Ni.
develops hard and brittle nature in steel. Hence, Cu is the common metal in brass, bronze
314 (c) and German silver.
331 (c)
Lowest m.p. among all metals is of Hg ( 38.9C).
315 (d) Among the given, manganese has the most stable
electronic configuration, thus it is very hard to
The temperature of the slag zone in the
metallurgy of iron using blast furnace is 800- remove an electron from is outer shell. Hence, a
1000°C. large amount of energy is required. Therefore,
manganese has the maximum first ionization
316 (b)
potential
The phenomenon is called spitting of Ag.
317 (c) 332 (c)
Cu2 O has completely filled 𝑑 −orbitals in Cu+ and It is a fact.
thus, does not show (𝑑 − 𝑑) transition. 333 (b)
318 (c) Vitamin B12 is C63 H88 CoN14 O14 P.
Hg(OH)2 does not exist. 334 (d)
By white tin plating, iron can be protected by
 water There is very small difference in energies of
335 (a) 5𝑓, 6𝑑 and 7𝑠 orbitals of actinoids, therefore their
2KMnO4 + 2KOH ⟶ 2K 2 MnO4 + H2 O + O electronic configuration cannot assigned with a
or MnO− 4 + 𝑒 → MnO4 .
2−
degree of certainty
336 (a) 343 (d)
Zn acts as cathode and carbon as anode in dry In Mac-Arthur-Forrest method silver is extracted
cells. from the solution of sodium argentocyanide by
337 (a) using zinc.
Annealing is the process of cooling a hot molten 2Na[Ag(CN)2 ] + Zn ⟶ Na2 [Zn(CN)4 ] + 2Ag ↓
metal slowly. Railway wagon axles are made by 345 (d)
heating iron rods embeded in charcoal powder It is Mn and exhibits +7 oxidation state.
(annealing) so that those might not break due to 346 (d)
sudden change in temperature. The size of lanthanides are smaller than expected.
338 (a) This is associated with the filling with the filling
The methods chiefly used for the extraction of up of 4𝑓 orbitals which must be filled before the
lead and tin from their ores are respectively self 5𝑑 orbitals. The electrons in 𝑓-orbitals are not
reduction and carbon reduction. (Because the effective in screening other electrons from the
process of heating the ore strongly in the nuclear charge
presence of excess of air is called roasting. It is 347 (b)
mainly used in case of sulphide ores and the Ag + + 𝑒 ⟶ Ag ; finely divided Ag is black in
process of extracting a metal by fusion of the colour and thus.AgNO3 causes black stain on skin.
oxide ore with carbon is known as smelting.) It is therefore, called lunar caustic.
339 (d) 348 (a)
The general electronic configuration for Due to 3𝑑5 configuration.
lanthanides is 349 (c)
[Xe](𝑛 − 2)𝑓1−14 (𝑛 − 1)𝑑1 𝑛𝑠 2 . Gd = [Xe]4𝑓 7 5𝑑1 6𝑠 2 ,
∵After the loss of both of the 6𝑠-electrons and also Gd3+ = [Xe]4𝑓 7 (half-filled)
the solitary 𝑑-electrons, the lanthanoids gain 350 (a)
stable configurations. 3Hg + 8HNO3 (dil. )
∴(+3) oxidation state is most common among ⟶ 3Hg(NO3 )2 + 2NO
Soluble and washed away
lanthanides.
+ 4H2 O
340 (d)
351 (d)
A) There is gradual decrease in the radii of the
𝐸°OP of Hg > 𝐸°OP of H . Thus, Hg is less reactive
lanthanoids with increasing atomic number-a
case of lanthanide contraction, thus true. than H2 .
B) Ionization potential for the formation of Lu3+ 352 (a)
is comparatively low, hence +3 state is Brass is an alloy of Cu + Zn (60-80% + 40-20%
favourable, thus true. respectively).
C) Due to lanthanide contraction −Zr and Hf; Nb 353 (a)
and Ta, Mo and W have the same size and thus Maximum number of unpaired electrons are in
similar propertites and thus separation is not easy Mn.
, thus true. 355 (d)
D) Formation of +4 state requires very high It is a use of Ti alloys.
energy, thus incorrect. 356 (c)
341 (c) Ore Chemical composition
After smelting in blast furnace, the slag is Cuprite Cu2 O
removed from slag hole of the furnace while a Chalcocite Cu2 S
molten mass containing mostly Cu2 S + little FeS is Chalcopyrite CuFeS2
called matte; it contains 80% metal. Malachite Cu(OH)2 . CuCO3
342 (c) In these ores, chalcopyrite (CuFeS2 ) Contains
both iron and copper.
357 (c) It is a fact.
Potassium dichromate, on heating give oxygen 369 (a)
and chromic oxide(Cr2 O3 ) AgBr decomposes on exposure to light.
∆
4K 2 Cr2 O7 → 4K 2 Cr2 O4 + 3O2 + 2Cr2 O3 370 (c)
358 (b) Hg is volatile metal.
3KCNS + FeCl3 ⟶ 3KCl + Fe(CNS)3 . 371 (a)
Blood−red colour In amalgam, Hg has zero oxidation state.
359 (a) 372 (c)
Fe, Co, Ni are called ferrous metals. Haematite contains SiO2 (acidic) non-fusible
360 (d) impurity and this basic flux CaCO3 is used.
Ag + + 𝑒 ⟶ Ag, 𝑖. 𝑒, Ag + is reduced. CaCO3 ⟶ CaO + CO2 ,
361 (d) CaO + SiO2 ⟶ CaSiO3
Most of the transition metal cations are coloured. Slag

362 (a) 373 (a)

Ag(CN)− 2 does not contain unpaired electrons.
Cu forms Cu(NH3 )2+ 4 complex.
363 (d) 374 (d)
It is a fact. It is a reason for given fact.
364 (d) 375 (b)
In MnSO4 .4H2 O, Mn is present as Mn2+ Permanent magnets are generally made up of
Mn2+=3𝑑5 4𝑠 0 alloys of Al, Ni and Co
↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ 376 (d)
ZnS is white. (Follow II gp. qualitative analysis).
(Unpaired electrons =5) 377 (c)
In CuSO4 . 5H2 O, Cu is present as Cu2+ Hg 2 cl2 + 2NH4 OH
Cu2+ =3𝑑9 4𝑠 0 ⟶⏟ Hg + Hg(NH2 )Cl + NH4 Cl
Black
⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ↿
+ 2H2 O
378 (a)
(Unpaired electrons =1)
The chemical formula for ammonium molybdate
In FeSO4 . 6H2 O,Fe is present as Fe2+
is (NH4 )2 MoO4 .
Fe2+ = 3𝑑6 4𝑠 0
379 (a)
⥮ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿
It is a reason for the given fact.
380 (a)
(Unpaired electrons =4)
The electronic configuration of 62 Sm3+ is 4𝑓 4
In NiSO4 . 6H2 O Ni is present as Ni2+
and that of 66 Dy 3+is 4𝑓 9 . The colour of 𝑓 𝑛 and
Ni2+ = 3𝑑8 4𝑠 0
𝑓14−𝑛 are often identical
⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ↿ ↿
381 (c)
(Unpaired electrons =2) Cassiterite is an ore of Sn.
Since, paramagnetic character ∝ unpaired 382 (b)
electrons . CuSO4 + 4NH3 → [Cu(NH3 )4 ]2+ SO2− 4

Thus, CuSO4 . 5H2 O has the lowest degree of 383 (c)

paramagnetism among the given at 298 K. Pig iron is formed during metallurgical
365 (a) operations. All other forms are then prepared by
HgS is insoluble in hot dil.HNO3 . using it.
366 (c) 384 (c)
A number of molybdic acids are known —do—
H2 MoO4 , H6 Mo7 O24. 385 (c)
367 (a) An element is paramagnetic if it has unpaired
∆ electron.
Hg 2 Cl2 → Hg + HgCl2
sublimation 386 (b)
Commercial zinc, about 97% pure containing lead
368 (b)
 and other impurities is called spelter. 2K[Au(CN)2 ] + Zn ⟶ K 2 [Zn(CN)4 ] + 2Au ]
387 (a) 398 (b)
ZnOis known as philosopher’s wool because it is The chief ore of copper is copper pyrite, CuFeS2.
very light, white, soft wooly powder. 400 (a)
388 (a) Transitional metal ions having electronic
The density of transition elements gradually configuration (𝑛-1)𝑑0 or (𝑛 − 1)𝑑10 are
increases along the period or in a series, 𝑒. g. ,3𝑑- colourless while those have (𝑛 − 1)𝑑1−9 are
series: 21 Sc(3.0g/mL) to 29 Cu(8.9g/ coloured.
mL). 30 Zn has 7.1 g/mL. Cu+ : [Ar] 3𝑑10 ∶ colourless
389 (b) Cu2+ : [Ar] 3𝑑 9 ∶ coloured
Silver containing lead as impurity is purified by Fe 2+ : [Ar] 3𝑑6 ∶ coloured
cupellation process. Mn 2+ : [Ar] 3𝑑5 ∶ coloured
390 (c) 401 (b)
Pig iron contains about 4% carbon. P, Mn and Si It is a reason for the given fact.
are in less percentage. 402 (a)
391 (d) Transition metal which have low oxidation
The electronic configurations of Cu2+ is number acts as reducing agent because of greater
Cu2+ :[Ar] 3𝑑9 tendency to lose the electron. Moreover, they
Hence, it has one unpaired electron. behave like a base
Magnetic moment(μ)=√𝑛(𝑛 + 2) 403 (a)
√1(1 + 2) The composition of bell metal is Cu (80%) and Sn
=1.73 (20%).
392 (b) 404 (c)
Ni-steel contains 3.5% Ni and is used in making The main characteristic feature of transition
cables, automobiles and aeroplane parts, armour elements.
plates, propeller shafts, etc. 406 (d)
393 (c) μ = √𝑛(𝑛 + 2) = √15
Hg exists as Hg 2+
2 and not Hg .
+ n = 3
394 (a) Thus, 3 unparied electron in 24 𝑀, 𝑖. 𝑒. , 24 𝑀3+ ,
CrO3 andMn2 O7 are acidic oxide. Since, they react or
with water and form the acids. 1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 3𝑝6 3𝑑3 forCr 3+ .
𝑒. 𝑔. , CrO3 + H2 O ⟶ H2 CrO4 407 (b)
chromic acid Density of transition elements increases along the
Mn2 O7 + H2 O ⟶ 2HMnO4 period.
permanganic acid 408 (d)
ℎ𝑣 or ∆
395 (d) AuCl3 → AuCl + Cl2
Copper metallurgy involves bessmerization. In 409 (c)
Bessemer convertor, the impurities of ferric oxide White vitriol is ZnSO4 . 7H2 O.
forms slag with silica and copper oxide is reduced 410 (a)
to give blister copper. Zn + 2NaOH ⟶ Na2 ZnO2 + H2
FeO + SiO2 ⟶ FeSiO3 411 (b)
slag KI + AgNO3 ⟶ AgI + KNO3
412 (b)
Cu2 S + 2Cu2 O ⟶ 6Cu + SO2 Wrought iron is the purest form of iron.
396 (c) 413 (c)
It is a fact. Rest all form nitrides as AlN, Mg 3 N2 , Ca3 N2 .
397 (b) 414 (c)
It is a fact Yellow colour of the potassium chromate changes
4Au + 8KCN + 2H2 O + O2 to orange on acidification. It is due to the
⟶ 4K[Au(CN)2 ] + 4KOH formation of dichromate ions
 𝐸°OP of Na > 𝐸°OP of Zn .
430 (b)
Lanthanide contraction, cancels almost exactly
415 (b) the normal size increase on descending a group of
The Stability of Cu2+ (aq) rather than Cu+ (aq) is transition elements, thus Nb and Ta, Zr and Hf
0 2+ have same covalent and ionic radii.
due to much more negative ∆hyd 𝐻 of Cu (aq)
than Cu , which more than compensates for 2nd 431 (b)
+

ionization enthalpy of Cu. 2Fe2 (SO4 )3 + 3K 4 [Fe(CN)6 ]

416 (c) ⟶ Fe4 [Fe(CN)6 ]3 + 6K 2 SO4
(Prussian blue)
At the bottom: 1775K.
432 (d)
417 (d)
∆
In the iron silica is present as impurity, so for the
2Fe + 3Cl2 → 2FeCl3 removal of impurity of silica limestone is used.
418 (a) ∆
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
Green vitriol is FeSO4 . 7H2 O.
CaO + SiO2 ⟶ CaSiO3
419 (a)
slag
It is a fact.
433 (b)
420 (d)
Cu2+ is discharged at cathode.
4Au + 8CN − + 2H2 O + O2
434 (c)
⟶ 4[Au(CN)2 ]− + 4OH −
HCOOH is a reducing agent.
soluble
HCOOH + 2HgCl2 ⟶ Hg 2 Cl2 + 2HCl + CO2
2[Au(CN)2 ]− + Zn ⟶ 2Au(𝑠)
435 (c)
↓ +[Zn(CN)4 ]2−
VOSO4is paramagnetic as well as coloured
421 (a)
compound.
3𝑑-series conatins 21 Sc to 30 Zn; 4𝑑-series
The oxidation state of vanadium in VOSO4 is +4.
contains 39 Y to 48 Cd and 5𝑑-series contains
V [Z=23]=[Ar]3𝑑3 4𝑠 2
57 La and 72 Hg to 80 Hg; 6𝑑-series contains
V 4+ [Z=23]=[Ar] 3𝑑1 4𝑠 0
89 Ac , 104 Ku and 105 Ha.
It has one unpaired electron hence, it is
423 (c)
paramagnetic in nature.
92 U is a member of actinoid series (90 to 103).
436 (c)
424 (c)
Ferrous sulphate (FeSO4 . 7H2 O) is known as
“All their ions are colourless” this sentence is false
green vitriol.
because they are 90% coloured and only few are
437 (c)
colourless
The reaction takes place in blast furnace are
425 (d)
3Fe2 O3 + CO ⟶ 2Fe3 O4 + CO2
These are facts about sterling silver.
CaCO3 ⟶ CaO + CO2
426 (b)
C + CO2 ⟶ 2CO
Steel or iron containing excessive quantities of S is
CaO + SiO2 ⟶ CaSiO3
brittle while hot (hot or red short), whereas
2C + O2 ⟶ 2CO
excessive quantities of phosphorus make it brittle
Hence, the reaction 2Fe2 O3 + 3C ⟶ 4Fe + 3CO2
white cold (cold short).
does not take place in blast furnace.
427 (b)
2 2 6 2 6 10 1
438 (a)
29 Cu: 1𝑠 , 2𝑠 2𝑝 , 3𝑠 3𝑝 3𝑑 , 4𝑠 𝑖. 𝑒., 14
Inner transition elements or 𝑓-block elements
electrons have spin in one direction and 15 in
have 3 incomplete shells,
other direction.
𝑖. 𝑒. , (𝑛 − 2)𝑠 2 𝑝6 𝑑10 𝑓1−14 , (𝑛 − 1)𝑠 2 𝑝6 , 𝑛𝑠1−2 .
428 (a)
439 (c)
Fe2+ = [Ar] 3𝑑6 4𝑠 0 ⇒ 4 unpaired electrons
This involves auto reduction.
Cu+ = [Ar] 3𝑑10 4𝑠 0 ⇒ 0 unpaired electrons
440 (d)
Zn = [Ar] 3𝑑10 4𝑠 2 ⇒ 0 unpaired electrons
Follow extraction of iron.
Ni3+ = [Ar] 3𝑑7 4𝑠 0 ⇒ 3 unpaired electrons 441 (c)
429 (d)
The gangue of FeO comes out as slag with acidic
 flux SiO2 . An impure sample of ZnS containing traces of
442 (a) MnS, CuS or Ag 2 S, etc., is phosphorescent.
Magnetic moment of Zn2+ μeffctive =√𝑛(𝑛 + 2)BM 458 (d)
Where, 𝑛=number of unpaired electrons Pt dissolves in aqua regia (HNO3 + HCl )
1:3
2 2 6 2 6 10
30 Zn=1𝑠 ,2𝑠 ,2𝑝 , 3𝑠 ,3𝑝 ,3𝑑 ,4𝑠 2 3HCl + HNO3 ⟶ 2H2 O + NOCl + 2Cl
Zn2+ =1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 , 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 , 3𝑝6 , 3𝑑10 Pt + 4Cl ⟶ PtCl4 ;
3𝑑10 PtCl4 + 2HCl ⟶ H2 PtCl6 .
⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ 459 (b)
𝑛 =0 Ru forms penta carbonyl.
So, magnetic moment of Zn2+ =zero. 460 (d)
443 (a) The process of depositing a thin uniform layer of
Cu is present in all these alloys. silver on clean glass surface is called silvering of
444 (c) mirror. The thin film is protected by coating of red
Au is a number of 5𝑑-series. Fe, Co and Cu all are lead and turpentine mixture.
the members of 3𝑑-series. 2AgNO3 + 2NH4 OH ⟶ Ag 2 O + 2NH4 NO3 + H2 O
445 (b) Ag 2 O + HCHO ⟶ 2Ag + HCOOH.
Azurite [2CuCO3 . Cu(OH)2 ]is an ore of copper. 461 (b)
446 (b) Cr2 O2−
7 has the structures.
It is a fact.
447 (a)
CuSO4 (anhydrous) + 𝑎𝑞. ⟶ CuSO4 . 5H2 O(𝑎𝑞. ).
White Blue
448 (a)
462 (c)
Fe and Pt do not form amalgam with Hg.
Anode mud left during electrolytic purification of
449 (c)
Cu contains Au and Ag.
Rest all are wrong reporting.
463 (b)
450 (d)
24 carat gold means 100% Au.
Ag 2 S + 4NaCN ⟶ 2Na[Ag(CN)2 ] + Na2 S
464 (a)
2Na[Ag(CN)2 ] + Zn ⟶ Na2 [Zn(CN)4 ] + 2Ag
2KMnO4 + 2H2 SO4 ⟶ Mn2 O7 + 2KHSO4 + H2 O
451 (c)
465 (c)
Cu is placed below H in electrochemical series.
Polymetallic carbonyls are also known for
452 (b)
transition metals, . g. , Co2 (CO)3 .
Zn forms only Zn2+ ion.
466 (a)
453 (d)
Due to loss of 𝑛𝑠 2 -electrons.
All these protect iron against corrosion.
467 (c)
454 (b)
∆
Gun metal has a composition of Cu=88%
K 4 [Fe(CN)6 ] + 6H2 SO4 + 6H2 O → 2K 2 SO4 Sn=10%, Zn=2%
+FeSO4 + 3(NH4 )2 SO4 + 6CO ↑ 468 (b)
455 (d) It is a fact.
Blister copper is obtained by the process of 469 (b)
bessemerisation from the copper matte in the In water it gives HMnO4 (an acid).
metallurgy of Cu. It is impure. Blister copper 470 (a)
contains about 98 to 99% pure copper and 1 to Corrosive sublimate gives black ppt. of calomel
2% impurities like Ag, Au, Zn, Ni etc. with formic acid but it does not react with acetic
456 (b) acid.
Magnetic moment depends upon number of 2HCOOH + 2HgCl2 ⟶ Hg 2 Cl2 + CO2 + H2 O
unpaired electrons. In Sc 3+ , there is no unpaired CH3 COOH + HgCl2 ⟶ No reaction
electron. So, its effective magnetic moment is 471 (a)
zero. In basic medium, the following reaction takes
457 (b) place
2KMnO4 + 2KOH ⟶ 2K 2 MnO4 + H2 O + [O]
 Due to the presence of nascent oxygen [O], KMnO4 The ionisation energies increase with increasing
(in basic medium) behaves like an strong atomic number. The trend is irregular among 𝑑-
oxidizing agent. block elements.
472 (d) Ele S T V C M Fe C N C Z
3𝑑, 4𝑑 and 5𝑑-series are complete and 6𝑑-series me c i r n o i u n
incomplete. nt
473 (b) IE 6 6 6 6 7 76 7 7 7 9
( 3 5 5 5 1 2 5 3 4 0
The less electropositive metals such as Fe, Zn, Sn
𝐤𝐉/ 1 6 0 2 7 8 6 5 5
etc are extracted from their oxides by reduction 𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏 )
with carbon or coal.
Fe2 O3 + 3C ⟶ 2Fe + 3CO ∴ Zn > 𝐹𝑒 > 𝐶𝑢 > 𝐶𝑟 is correct order.
Fe2 O3 + 3CO ⟶ 2Fe + 3CO2 484 (a)
iron It is a reason for the given fact.
474 (c) 485 (c)
The electronic configuration of Mn is —do—
5 2
25Mn =[Ar] 3𝑑 4𝑠 486 (c)
Mn4+ =[Ar]3𝑑3 These are uses of Ag.
Thus, three unpaired electrons are present . 487 (b)
Spin only magnetic moment , μ = √𝑛(𝑛 + 2) In acidic medium, KMnO4 gives 5 oxygen while,
𝑛=3 acidic K 2 Cr2 O7 gives 3 oxygen
μ = √3(3 + 2) 488 (d)
=√15 = 3.87 Zn + 2NaOH ⟶ Na2 ZnO2 + H2 ;
≈ 4 BM 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2 O ⟶ 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
475 (a) 489 (c)
It is a fact. The ability of transition elements to adopt
476 (a) multiple oxidation states and complexing ascribed
Due to poisonous nature of HgCl2 , its 0.1% their catalytic activity
solution is used as antiseptic for sterilizing hands 490 (b)
and instruments in surgery. 6𝑒 + Cr26+ ⟶ 2Cr 3+ ; S2− ⟶ S0 + 2𝑒
477 (a) 491 (a)
Fe ⟶ Fe2+ + 2𝑒 Zn + 2H2 SO4 ⟶ ZnSO4 + 2H2 O + SO2
(Conc.)
478 (a) 492 (c)
Cu2+ salts form chocolate brown ppt. of Carbon is generally used for the reduction of
Cu2 Fe(CN)6 with K 4 Fe(CN)6 . oxides of moderately reactive metals like Fe, Zn,
479 (c) etc. e.g.,
Mohr salt = (NH4 )2 SO4 . FeSO4 . 6H2 O Fe2 O3 + 3C ⟶ 2Fe + 3CO
Here, Fe is present as FeSO4 . Therefore, its Note Highly reactive metals like Na are produced
oxidation state can be calculated with inonly by electrolytic reduction while less reactive
FeSO4 . metals like Ag and Hg are obtained by
x+(−2)=0 autoreduction.
x=+2 493 (a)
481 (b) Except Au all other metals, 𝑖. 𝑒., Ag, Hg and Cu are
Neodymium oxide (Nd2 O3 ) dissolved in selenium dissolved in conc. H2 SO4 or conc. HNO3 . The
oxychloride is one of the most powerful liquid compound 𝑋 is AuCl3 which forms a complex with
lasers known so far HCl.
482 (c) AuCl3 + HCl ⟶ H[AuCl4 ]
A transition metal ion exists in its highest It is used for toning in photography.
oxidation state. It is expected to behave as an 494 (c)
oxidizing agent. Lithopone is used as white pigment and contains
483 (a) ZnS + BaSO4 .
495 (c) Ag belongs to second (4𝑑) transition series.
1 2 3+
21 Sc(3𝑑 4𝑠 ) has no unpaired electron in Sc Remaining all are in first transition series
ion. 508 (a)
497 (c) Mn in carbonyl has zero oxidation state.
—do— 509 (c)
498 (b) Copper is good conductor of current.
4𝑓-level is successively filled in lanthanoids and 510 (d)
5𝑓-level is successively filled in actinoids. Calomel is the name for Hg2 Cl2 .
499 (b) 511 (d)
2MnO2 + 4KOH + O2 ⟶ 2K 2 MnO4 + 2H2 O. Developing involves the decomposition of AgBr to
500 (c) Ag. AgBr x a molecule of AgBr exposed to light is
Haematite conatins SiO2 (acidic) non-fusible reduced to Ag by:
impurity and this basic flux CaCO3 is used. C6 H4 (OH)2 + 2AgBr x ⟶ C6 H4 O2 + 2HBr + 2Ag
CaCO3 ⟶ CaO + CO2 , 512 (b)
CaO + SiO2 ⟶ CaSiO3 . Zinc blende is roasted and then treated with coke
Slag
for the reduction.
501 (a) ∆
CuSO4 + 2KCN ⟶ K 2 SO4 + Cu(CN)2 2ZnS + 3O2 → 2ZnO + 2SO2 ↑
∆
cupriccyanide ZnO + C → Zn + CO ↑
(unstable) 513 (d)
2Cu(CN)2 ⟶ 2CuCN + (CN)2 This is chrome alum used in tanning leather,
white ppt mordant in dyeing and in photography for
3KCN + CuCN ⟶ K 3 [Cu(CN)4 ] hardening of negative.
potassium cuprocyanide 514 (c)
(soluble complex) FeSO4 . (NH4 )2 SO4 . 6H2 Ois called Mohr’s salt.
502 (c) 515 (a)
Ti3+ → 3𝑑1 , 4𝑠 0 2MnO2 + 4KOH + O2 ⟶ 2K 2 MnO4 + 2H2 O
Sc 3+ → 3𝑑0 purple colour
Mn2+ → 3𝑑5 , 4𝑠 0 516 (d)
Zn2+ → 3𝑑10 , 4𝑠 0 CuCl2 and CuBr2 exist as (CuCl2 )x and (CuBr2 )x
In Mn2+ number of unpaired electrons =5. So, it polymeric bridge structure.
has maximum magnetic moment according to the 517 (d)
formula Na will react with water; Ag, Hg are placed below
𝜇 = √𝑛(𝑛 + 2)BM Cu in electrochemical series.
503 (b) 518 (a)
Mohr’s salt is green in colour due to Fe2+ ions 2MnO2 + 4KOH + O2 → 2K 2 MnO4 + 2H2 O
which are green. purple green
504 (c) 519 (c)
Ni2+ andCr 2+ are coloured due to presence of +3 and +4 states are shown by Ce in aqueous
unpaired electrons. But Zn2+ is colourless solutions. Thus statement (c) is incorrect.
because of absence of unpaired electrons 520 (c)
505 (a) Tungsten filaments are used in bulbs.
Zn gets dissolved in NaOH, forming Na2 ZnO2. 522 (b)
506 (b) It is a fact.
In basic medium potassium permanganate is 523 (a)
reduced to first manganate and than to Fool’s gold is CuFeS2 or FeS2 .
manganese dioxide (colourless). 524 (a)
2KMnO4 + 2KOH ⟶ 2K 2 MnO4 + H2 O + O Cu(NH3 )4 SO4
2K 2 MnO4 + 2H2 O ⟶ 2MnO2 + 4KOH + 2O 525 (d)
2KMnO4 + H2 O ⟶ 2MnO2 + 2KOH + 3[O] Follow Bessemer’s process in Fe extraction.
507 (a) 526 (a)
 A mixture of TiO2 and BaSO4 is called titanox to greater forces of attraction between two atoms.
527 (b) 548 (c)
The b.p. of Ti, Cr, Fe and Co are 3260, 2665, 3000 Fe2 O3 + 3CO ⟶ 2Fe + 3CO2 .
and 2900 K respectively. 549 (b)
528 (d) Iron is 𝑑-block element (3𝑑6 , 4𝑠 2 ).
It is a fact. 550 (c)
530 (c) It is a fact.
Ferric compounds are more easily hydrolysed 551 (b)
than ferrous salts. Fe2+ is light green in colour.
531 (a) 552 (a)
The important ores of iron are haematite(Fe2 O3 ), Cr2 O2−7 has orange colour in 𝑎𝑞. Medium.
magnetite (Fe3 O4 )and iron pyrites (FeS2 ) . Iron is 553 (c)
manufactured from haematite ore. Reference electrodes are calomel electrodes.
532 (c) 554 (b)
The process is called auto reduction. All cations formed by transition metals are not
534 (a) coloured and are not paramagnetic, . g. , Zn2+.
2Cu2+ + 4KI ⟶ Cu2 I2 + I2 + 4K + 555 (b)
535 (d) 3.87=√𝑛(𝑛 + 2), where, 𝑛 is the number of
It is a fact. unpaired electron
536 (d) (3.87 )2 = 𝑛(𝑛 +2)
German silver is an alloy of Cu + Zn + Ni (2:1:1 15=𝑛2 + 2𝑛
respectively). 𝑛2 +2 𝑛 -15=0
537 (d) ∴𝑛 ≅3
It is a method for extraction of Ni. 556 (d)
538 (a) Lutetium-71 belongs to lanthanoids, the elements
Cold
K 2 Cr2 O7 + 2H2 SO4 → 2CrO3 + 2KHSO4 + from 58 to 71.
H2 OCrO3 is highly acidic and oxidising and is 557 (c)
called chromic acid It is a fact.
539 (b) 558 (c)
4FeCl3 + 3K 4 [Fe(CN)6 ] ⟶ Fe4 [Fe(CN)6 ]3 + Fe2 (SO4 )3 ⟶ Fe2 O3 + 3SO3 .
Ferri−ferrocyanide
(Prussian blue)
559 (c)
12KCl. It is a fact.
540 (a) 560 (b)
Cu + 2H2 SO4 ⟶ CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2 O 2SnCl2 + 2HgCl2 ⟶ 2SnCl4 + Hg 2 ; SnCl2 is
541 (b) oxidized.
The process is called hardening of steel and it 561 (b)
develops hard and brittle nature in steel. Chalcopyriteor copper pyrite is CuFeS2 .
542 (d) ∴It is ore of copper and iron.
AuCl3 + NaCl ⟶ Na[AuCl4 ] 562 (d)
sodium Siderite (FeCO3 ) is an ore of iron.
chloroaurate 563 (a)
545 (d) The process of extraction of metal by heating
Zinc sulphatehepta hydrate (ZnSO4 . 7H2 O) is roasted ore with coke in the presence of a flux is
called white vitriol. When it is heated with barium called smelting. It is done in blast furnace. Iron is
sulphide, it forms a white pigment lithopone. extracted by this process.
>1123 K
546 (a) Fe2 O3 + 3C → 2Fe + 3CO
Silver (Ag) metal is purified by Pattinson’s 1123 K
Fe2 O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2
process.
564 (c)
547 (c)
Stainless steel contains 11.5% Cr.
𝑑-block elements have higher melting point due
565 (a) aurite (BiAu2 ).
Ceria or cerium oxide, CeO2 , a lanthanide 573 (b)
compound is used as a pigment and as a polishing It is a reason for the given fact.
agent for glass. 574 (a)
566 (d) Azurite is Cu(OH)2 . 2CuCO3 .
ZnO + C ⟶ Zn + CO 575 (a)
2CO + O2 ⟶ 2CO2 (Blue flame on burning of CO). Zn2+ (Z=30):[Ar]3𝑑10 4𝑠 0 ; zero unpaired
567 (c) electron.
In CuF2 , Cu2+ ion exist, having 𝑑 9 configuration. Hence, its magnetic moment is zero.
Unpaired electron causes colour (𝑑 − 𝑑 μ=√𝑛(𝑛 + 2)=√0(0 + 2)
transition). In the crystalline form, CuF2 is blue μ= 0
coloured. 576 (b)
568 (c) 4Zn + 10HNO3 ⟶ 4Zn(NO3 )2 + NH4 NO3 + 3H2 O
Spin only magnetic moments depend upon the 577 (d)
number of unpaired electrons, more the number Cu
of unpaired electron, greater will be the spin only 3𝑑10 4𝑠1
magnetic moment. ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ↿
2 2 6 2 6 5 2
25Mn=1𝑠 , 2𝑠 2𝑝 , 3𝑠 3𝑝 3𝑑 4𝑠

Mn2+ = 1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 2𝑝 6 , 3𝑠 2 3𝑝6 3𝑑5 , 4𝑠 0 Cu+

↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ 3𝑑10 4𝑠 0
Number of unpaired electrons=5 ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ⥮
2 2 6 2 6 5 1
24Cr=1𝑠 , 2𝑠 2𝑝 , 3𝑠 3𝑝 3𝑑 , 4𝑠

Cr = 1𝑠 , 2𝑠 2𝑝 , 3𝑠 3𝑝 3𝑑 , 4𝑠 0
2+ 2 2 6 2 6 4
Cu+ is colourless due to the absence of unpaired
↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ electron
Number of unpaired electron=4 578 (a)
23V=1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 3𝑝6 3𝑑3 , 4𝑠 2 Fe ores possess magnetic nature.
V 2+ = 1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 3𝑝6 3𝑑3 , 4𝑠 0 579 (d)
↿ ↿ ↿ The process is called auto reduction.
Number of unpaired electrons =3 580 (a)
So, the correct order of spin only magnetic Transition elements have (𝑛-1)𝑑 and 𝑛𝑠-shell
moment is incomplete.
Mn2+ > Cr 2+ > V 2+ 581 (d)
569 (c) In electrorefining of copper, some gold is
Stainless steel contains 11-15% Cr. deposited as anode mud.
570 (c) 582 (d)
Aromatic compounds which have= or ≡ bond in Cu2+ (𝑎𝑞. ) is blue in colour.
the side chain decolourise acidic/ alkaline KMnO4. 583 (a)
Benzene does not delcolourise the acidic/alkaline The magnetic moment = √𝑛(𝑛 + 2) BM where 𝑛
KMnO4due to the delocalization of 𝜋- electrons.
is no. of unpaired electron. Thus, 𝑛 = 1.
While propene decolourized the alkaline 584 (d)
KMnO4due to the presence of = bond. Ferrous The highest oxidation state of transition elements
ammonium sulphate and oxalic acid decolourized
is exhibited in their compounds with F and O, the
the KMnO4 in acidic medium. most electronegative elements.
2 KMnO4 + 10FeSO4 + 8H2 SO4 ⟶ 585 (c)
K 2 SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 5Fe2 (SO4 )3 + 8H2 O
I gp. reagent is dil. HCl. The chlorides of Ag, Pb, Hg
2 KMnO4 + 5C2 H2 O4 + 3H2 SO4 ⟶ being insoluble are precipitated out.
K 2 SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 10CO2 + 8H2 O 586 (d)
571 (d) >671C
The complex formation imparts colour. 4K 2 Cr2 O7 → 4K 2 CrO4 + 2Cr2 O3 + 3O2 .
572 (c) 587 (a)
200C
Syvanite (AuAgTe4 ); calaverite (AuTe2 ), bismuth 2KMnO4 → K 2 MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
 2K 2 MnO4 →
Above 200C
2K 2 MnO3 + O2 601 (c)
588 (b) Cr 2+ (Z=24): [Ar]3𝑑4 4𝑠 0 ; four unpaired
Fe2+ , 2SO2− + electrons Fe2+ (Z=26) : [Ar]3𝑑6 4𝑠 0 ; four
4 , 2NH4 .
589 (a) unpaired electrons. Cr 2+ andFe2+ have same
2NaOH + Zn(OH)2 ⟶ Na2 ZnO2 + 2H2 O number of unpaired electrons, hence they have
Alkali Acid Salt the same value of magnetic moment.
591 (a) 602 (c)
It is a fact. Erbium is a lanthanide
592 (c) 603 (a)
Alnico is a series of alloys based on iron BaO + ZnO ⟶ BaZnO2
containing Ni, Al, Co and Cu. They are used to 604 (d)
make permanent magnets. Brass is an alloy of copper with zinc.
593 (b) 606 (c)
Bordeaux mixture is CaO + CuSO4 . HCl
CuCl2 + Cu → Cu2 Cl2
594 (b)
607 (b)
Lanthanoids [Xe]4𝑓1−14 5𝑑0−1 6𝑠 2
Cast iron or pig iron (2 5% C); wrought iron (0.1
Actinoides [Rn]5𝑓1−14 6𝑑0−1 7𝑠 2
to 0.5% C), steel (0.1 to 1.5% C).
Lanthanoides and actinoides use core 𝑑 and 𝑓-
608 (c)
orbitals also to show higher oxidation state. As
𝑑-block elements invariably show variable
actinoides have comparatively low energy
valence.
difference between 𝑓 and 𝑑-orbitals, show more
609 (b)
oxidation states.
This is characteristic of inner transition elements.
595 (b)
1 610 (b)
K 2 MnF6 + 2SbF5 → 2KSbF6 + MnF3 + F2 Mercurous chloride is insoluble in water while
2
In this reaction, the stronger Lewis acid SbF6 rest are soluble in water
displaces the weaker one, MnF4 from its salt. 611 (c)
MnF4 is unstable and readily decomposes to give Carnallite KCl, MgCl2 , 6H2 O
MnF3 and fluorine Limonite 2Fe2 O3 , 3H2 O
596 (a) Siderite FeCO3
A reduction in atomic size with increase in atomic Horn silver AgCl
number is a characteristics of elements of 𝑓-block. ∴ Siderite is carbonate ore.
This is due to lanthanide contraction 612 (b)
597 (b) It is a facts, Fe2 O3 + 3CO ⟶ 2Fe + 3CO2 .
Parke’s process is based on the fact that molten 613 (c)
lead and zinc are nearly immiscible. Zinc being Black Jack is an ore of zinc. Other ores of zinc are
lighter forms the upper layer and molten lead zincite (ZnO), calamine (ZnCO3), zinc blende or
forms the lower layer. Ag is more soluble in black jack(ZnS).
molten Zn than molten Pb. 614 (d)
598 (c) AgI is insoluble in NH4 OH but AgCl is soluble in
It is a use of this reagent. NH4 OH due to the formation of [Ag(NH3 )2 ]Cl
599 (d) 615 (b)
Transition metals due to the presence of partially, 𝑒. g., MnCl2 , Mn(OH)3 , MnO2 , K 2 MnO4 , KMnO4 ,
+2 +3 +4 +6 +7
filled 𝑑-orbitals, are coloured. 616 (a)
The unpaired electron present in partially filled 𝑑- HgCl2 + H2 S ⟶ HgS + 2HCl
orbital is excited to the higher energy 𝑑-orbital by 617 (b)
absorbing energy from visible light and thus CuCl forms coordinated product with CO.
exhibits the complementary colour. Due to which CuCl + CO ⟶ CuCl. CO
the transition metal ions appear coloured. 618 (a)
600 (b) °
Except Cu, Hg, Ag, Pt and Au, where ERP are + ve.
It contains 36% Ni. 619 (a)
 AuCl3 + 3FeSO4 ⟶ Au + Fe2 (SO4 )3 + FeCl3 636 (c)
620 (a) Fe(OH)3 is formed as brown residue. Also
ZnCl2 is deliquescent. colourless or light yellow solution will be left.
622 (a) 637 (a)
Fe + H2 SO4 ⟶ FeSO4 + H2 ↑ Given, X=[Ar]𝑑4
dil. ∵ The complete configuration of the ion,
3Fe + 4H2 O ⟶ 4H2 ↑ +Fe3 O4 𝑋 3+ = 1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 ,2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 3𝑝6 , 3𝑑4
hot steam ∴ 𝑋 = 1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 ,2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 , 3𝑝6 ,3𝑑5 4𝑠 2
623 (a) ∴ The atomic number of the element is 25 and the
Hg 2 Cl2 + 2NH4 OH element is Mn.
⟶⏟ Hg + Hg(NH2 )Cl + NH4 Cl 638 (c)
Black Cast iron or pig iron (2 5% C); wrought iron (0.1
+ 2H2 O to 0.5% C), steel (0.1 to 1.5% C).
624 (d) 639 (b)
Bleaching powder is mixed salt, K 4 Fe(CN)6 is Follow complementary colour concept.
complex salt, hypo is normal salt. 640 (b)
625 (b)
41 Nb and 73 Ta have similar atomic size.
Bronze is a mixture ofCu and Sn. 641 (a)
626 (b) A white precipitate of cuprous iodide is formed on
Gun metal is an alloy of Cu, Sn and Zn. It is used to adding KI to CuSO4 solution.
make cartridge of rifles and pistols. 2CuSO4 + 4KI ⟶ 2CuI + I2
627 (b) white ppt.
μeff value of 1.73 BM corresponds to one unpaired 642 (a)
electron. The 𝑑 -block elements form coloured compounds.
Ti3+ = 3𝑑1 (Ti = [Ar]3𝑑2 4𝑠 2 ) These compounds have ions with unpaired
628 (a) electron in 𝑑-subshell.
Thermite process is used for the reduction of i) Na and Mg belong to 𝑠-block , so NaCl and MgCl2
oxides of less electropositive metals. Oxides of are colourless compounds.
less electropositive metals such as Cr2 O3 , Mn3 O4 ii) CuF2
etc are reduced by using Al. This process is called Oxidation state of Cu in CuF2 is +2
thermite process. Cu2+ =1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 , 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 , 3𝑝6 , 4𝑠 0 , 3𝑑9
Cr2 O3 + 2Al ⟶ Al2 O3 + 2Cr + Heat ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ↿
629 (b) ∴ CuF2 in which Cu has one unpaired electron is
Copper ores contain FeO as non-fusible mass. coloured.
Thus, FeO + SiO2 ⟶ FeSiO3 . iii )CuI
Acidic flux Slag
630 (d) Oxidation state of Cu in CuI =+1
Chalcopyrite is CuFeS2 Cu+ =1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 , 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 , 3𝑝 6 , 4𝑠 0 , 3𝑑10
632 (b) It has no unpaired electron. So, CuI is colourless.
It is Ag(NH3 )2 Cl. ∴ Only CuF2 is coloured among given choices.
633 (a) 643 (b)
Cu is added in Au to prepare ornaments. 2NaOH + Zn2+ ⟶ Na2 ZnO2 +
634 (d) 2H + , Na2 ZnO2 gives 2Na+ and [ZnO2 ]2− ions.
On igniting at 1400°c. Fe2 O3 get reduced to 644 (c)
metallic Fe. 2MnO− −
4 + Br + H2 O ⟶ 2MnO2 + BrO3 + 2OH
− −

3Fe2 O3 CO2 645 (a)

Fe3 O4 + CO ⟶ 3 Cyanide process is used for extraction of silver
FeO + CO ⟶ Fe + O (Ag).
635 (b) 4Ag + 8NaCN + 2H2 O + O2
These are uses of ZnO. It is also used for glazing ⇌ 4Na[Ag(CN)2 ] + 4NaOH
purposes. 2Na[Ag (CN )2 ] + 4NaOH + Zn ⟶
Na2 ZnO2 + 2H2 O + 4NaCN + 2Ag
646 (a) react with KCl to give Cu2 Cl2
ScCl3 → Sc 3+ + 3Cl− 662 (a)
Sc 3+ It is[Cu(H2 O)4 ]SO4 . H2 O; one H2 O is held by
3𝑠 2 3𝑝 6 3𝑑0 sulphate ion by H-bonding.
⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ 663 (d)
No unpaired electron, so will show diamagnetic It is a fact.
character so, will weightless in magnetic field 664 (b)
647 (a) AgNO3 + 2Na2 S2 O3 ⟶ Na3 [Ag(S2 O3 )2 ]
Dil. Excess Soluble
It is the definition of nitriding of steel.
+ NaNO3
648 (b)
2AgNO3 + Na2 S2 O3 ⟶ Ag 2 S2 O3 + 2NaNO3
A light hard aluminium alloy containing 4% Cu Conc. Dil. White
and small amounts of Mg, Mn and Si. Ag 2 S2 O3 ⟶ Ag 2 S + SO3
Black
649 (b) 665 (c)
Gun metal is an alloy of Cu + Sn + Zn.
Mn2 O7is an acidic oxide of manganese. It dissolve
650 (b) in water to give violet coloured solution of
This is definition of tempering of steel. The permanganic acid.
product obtained is neither so hard nor so brittle. Mn2 O7 + H2 O ⟶ 2HMnO4
It is softer than steel. 666 (c)
651 (c) A developer is a weak reducing agent, 𝑒. g. Ferrous
CuSO4 + 2KCN → Cu(CN)2 + K 2 SO4
oxalate; the parts affected by light on
2Cu(CN)2 → Cu2 (CN)2 + (CN)2 photographic plate are reduced to the maximum
Cu2 (CN)2 + 6KCN → 2K 3 [Cu(CN)4 ]
extent whereas part not affected by light remains
652 (d) unaffected.
MnO2 imparts purple colour to pottery
667 (d)
653 (d) In acidic medium,
It is a fact.
+7 +2
654 (b) KMnO4 ⟶ MnSO4
Purest zinc is made by zone refining method. In weak basic medium
655 (a) KMnO4 ⟶ MnO2
Magnetic moment =√𝑛(𝑛 + 2)BM 668 (c)
Where, 𝑛 =number of unpaired electrons Transition metals are 𝑑-block elements.
5.93=√𝑛(𝑛 + 2) 669 (d)
𝑛 =5 It is FeSo4 . (NH4 )2 SO4 . 6H2 O. Gives test of each
Mn2+ ion (3𝑑5 ) has 5 unpaired electrons and ion in solution.
magnetic moment is 5.93 BM. 670 (b)
656 (c) Gun metal is an alloy of Cu + Sn + Zn (87:10:3
Potassium dichromate, on heating gives oxygen respectively).
and chromic oxide (Cr2 O3 ). 672 (b)
∆ Value of magnetic moment depends upon number
4K 2 Cr2 O7 → 4K 2 CrO4 + 3O2 + 2Cr2 O3
of unpaired electrons. All except Ti3+ |3𝑑1| have
657 (c)
either fully filled 𝑑-subshell (𝑖. 𝑒.,Zn2+ , Cu+ ) or
Annealing is the process of heating steel to bright
red and then cooling it slowly. Steel thus, becomes empty 𝑑-subshell (𝑖𝑒, Sc 3+ ). As such only Ti3+ has
soft and pliable. a net value of magnetic moment.
659 (b) Magnetic moment of Ti3+=√𝑛(𝑛 + 2)BM
It is a fact. =√1(1 + 2)BM
660 (b) =√3 =1.73 BM
HgCl2 compound is easily volatile. They are 673 (a)
insoluble in water and soluble in acids. Fe3+ is more stable than Fe2+ because of half-
661 (c) filled nature.
Among all the given reactions, CuSO4 does not 674 (b)
 Fool’s gold is FeS2 . 686 (d)
675 (b) Bell metal is an alloy of Cu + Sn (80:20).
Bessemer’s converter is provided with basic 687 (a)
lining of lime or MgO to withstand high Vermilion is HgS, a red variety used as pigment.
temperature. 688 (c)
676 (d) It is a fact.
Verdigris is CuCO3 . Cu(OH)2 or CuSO4 . Cu(OH)2 ; 689 (d)
these are green deposits formed on copper on In transition metals, electrons from penultimate
exposure to air. Used as paints and pigments. 𝑑-subshell also take part in bonding.
677 (d) 690 (b)
Transition element exhibit variable oxidation Both mustard and egg yolk contain sulphur in
states because their 𝑑-electrons also take part in form of compounds in large amount which reacts
bonding along with 𝑠-electrons. However, the with Ag.
difference between two oxidation states is not 2Ag + S ⟶ Ag 2 S(black)
always two. 691 (b)
678 (d) KMnO4 will not oxidised further by ozone as
Sc 3+ (3𝑑0 ), Ti4+ (3𝑑 0 )are diamagnetic due to manganese is already present in its highest
absence of unpaired electrons. While possible oxidation state, 𝑖𝑒, +7
Pd2+ (4𝑑8 ), Cu2+ (3𝑑 9 ) contain two, and one 692 (c)
unpaired electron respectively. Hence, these are Hg does not form amalgam with iron.
paramagnetic 693 (c)
679 (b) Sweets, pans (betel leaves), etc., covered by Ag
2KI + HgI2 → ⏟ K 2 HgI4 + KOH foils are used as eatable items. Cu in form of
Nessler′ s reagent dissolved Cu if water placed in Cu vessel.
680 (b) 694 (b)
5 2 2+
26Fe =[Ar]3𝑑 4𝑠 ;Fe =[Ar]3𝑑 6 Only Pt belongs to 𝑑-block.
Number of unpaired electrons, 𝑛=4 695 (d)
°
μ=√𝑛(𝑛 + 2) = √4(4 + 2) = 4.89 𝐸OP of Cu > 𝐸°OP of Ag.
681 (d) 696 (d)
10 2 Only those transition metal ions which contain
30 Zn → [Ar]3𝑑 4𝑠
∵ It 𝑑-orbital is complete unpaired electrons, are coloured. Since colour
∴ It does not show variable valency appears when the unpaired 𝑑-electron absorb
682 (a) energy and gets excited to the higher energy 𝑑-
CaCO3 + SiO2 ⟶ CaSiO3 + CO2 . orbital. Hence, the reason of appearance of colour
Slag
is 𝑑 − 𝑑 transition.
683 (b) 697 (c)
CuSO4 + 2KI ⟶ Cul2 + K 2 SO4 These are facts.
2 Cul2 ⟶ Cu2 I2 + I2 698 (d)
cuprous iodide V(23) = [Ar] 3𝑑3 , 4𝑠 2
white ppt.
V 3+ =[ Ar] 3𝑑 2 ,4𝑠 0 (two unpaired electrons)
684 (b)
Cr(24)=[ Ar] 3𝑑5 ,4𝑠1
The nonmetallic impurities such as mica, earth
Cr 3+ =[ Ar] 3𝑑 3 ,4𝑠 0 (three unpaired electrons)
particles etc associated with ore. These impurities
Co(27)= [ Ar] 3𝑑7 ,4𝑠 2
are known as gangue.
CO3+ =[ Ar] 3𝑑7 ,4𝑠 0 (three unpaired electrons)
685 (c)
Sc(21)= [ Ar] 3𝑑1 ,4𝑠 2
The most common oxidation state of lanthanoid is
Sc 3+ =[ Ar] 3𝑑 0 ,4𝑠 2 (no unpaired electrons)
+3. Lanthanoids in +3 oxidation state usually
Thus, in Sc 3+ no unpaired 𝑑-electron is present.
have unpaired electrons in 𝑓-subshell and impart
Hence, no 𝑑 − 𝑑 transition is possible and it is
characteristic colour in solid as well as in solution
colourless ion.
state due to 𝑓 − 𝑓 transition.
699 (b)
(Except lanthanum and lutetium)
 Follow metallurgy of iron. agents
701 (a) Ti3+ compounds +2𝑒 − → Ti+ compounds
Follow electronic configuration (𝑛 − (less stable oxidizing agent) (More stable
1)𝑠 2 𝑝6 𝑑10 𝑛𝑠1 of coinage family. oxidising agent)
702 (b) 715 (a)
It is a fact. Green vitriol is formed by oxidation of iron pyrite
703 (c) in presence of air and water.
Transition metals and their compounds are very 2FeS2 + 2H2 O + 7O2 ⟶ 2FeSO4 + 2H2 SO4
good catalysts, 𝑒. g. , CuCl2 in Deacon’s process, Ni pyrites green vitriol
in hydrogenation of oils. 716 (d)
704 (b) Transition elements have high densities.
Gravity separation process is used for the 717 (b)
concentration of haematite. 3HgS + 2HNO3 + 6HCl
705 (c) ⟶ 3HgCl2 + 3S + 2NO + 4H2 O
Malachite is an ore of copper. Its composition is 718 (a)
CuCO3 . Cu(OH)2 . Chlorides of Ag, Pb and Hg are insoluble in water.
706 (b) 719 (a)
Cr :[Ar] Fischer’s salt is K 3 [Co(NO2 )6 ].
↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ 720 (a)
5 1
3𝑑 4𝑠 Cu, Ag and Au have been used in coins since
Cr + :[Ar] ancient times.
↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ 721 (a)
5 0
3𝑑 4𝑠 Cerium Ce58 = [Xe]4𝑓1 , 5𝑑1 , 6𝑠 2
This is stable EC, hence formation of Cr 2+ by It most stable oxidation state is +3but +4 is also
second IP requires maximum enthalpy. existing.
707 (b) 722 (c)
It is a reason for the given fact. The hormone insulin excreted from pancreas
708 (b) contains Zn.
CdS is yellow solid. 723 (c)
709 (d) It is a reason for the given fact.
—do— 724 (b)
710 (b) Muntz metal is Cu + Zn alloy (3:2) respectively
Basic copper acetate (verdigris – (CH3 COO)2 Cu ∙ more stronger than brass.
Cu(OH)2 ) is blue green powder used in green 725 (b)
pigment and in dyes. Also in manufacture of Ni(CO)4 is a gas which decomposes to Ni and CO
insecticides and fungicides on strong heating.
711 (a) 726 (c)
Pig iron on heating in a vertical furnace and then At 500C Fe2 O3 is reduced by CO to Fe and CO2 .
pouring into moulds gives cast iron. Both contain 727 (a)
2 5% carbon. It is a fact.
713 (c) 728 (c)
Potassium permanganate is a powerful oxidizing Most of the transition metal ions due to presence
agent in neutral, alkaline or acidic solution of unpaired 𝑑-electrons are coloured.
because it liberates nascent oxygen. The aqueous 729 (d)
solutions of KMnO4 can be decolourized by C2 O2− 4 , Cr ions are coloured.
HSO− 3 and SO2−
3 while CO 2−
3 cannot decolourise 730 (c)
KMnO4 aqueous solution. Strength of metallic bond depends upon number
714 (c) of upon number of unpaired electron. As number
Ti+ ions are more stable than Ti3+ and thus Ti3+ of unpaired electron increases, the bond strength
ions charge to Ti+ ions thereby acting as oxidizing increases. So, Cr, Mo, W show stronger bonding
 due to maximum number of unpaired electrons It is a reason for the low reactivity of transition
731 (c) elements.
Hg 2+ complex salts are more stable. 744 (a)
732 (b) 𝐸°OP of H > 𝐸°OP of Hg .
2𝑒 + Cr2 O2− 2−
7 ⇌ 2CrO4 exists in basic medium. 745 (a)
733 (d) ∵ 24 carat gold = 100%
Ti, Zr and Hf belong to IV B group of Periodic 100×18
∴ 18 carat gold= 24
= 75%
Table and in a group atomic radii increases on
746 (d)
moving down. However, the transition metals of
Ionic radii of lanthanide(La3+ ) decreases with
4𝑑-series have nearly the same radii as metals of
increase in atomic numbe.
5𝑑-series. Hence the order of atomic radii is
Y 3+ < Lu3+ < Eu3+ < La3+
Ti < 𝑍𝑟 ≈ 𝐻𝐹
Because Eu and Lu are the members of lanthanide
Due to nearly equal atomic radii, Zr and Hf are
series (so they show lanthanide contraction) and
called chemical twins.
La is the representative element. Y 3+ion has
734 (a)
lower ionic radii as comparison to La3+ because
Basic character of oxides decreases from left to
it lies immediately above in Periodic Table.
right in a period of Periodic Table
747 (d)
735 (c)
Coinage metals (Cu, Ag, Au) shows the properties
Mn2 O7 + H2 O → 2HMnO4
of transitional elements as in their common
HMnO4 is permanganic acid, which is violet in
oxidation states they possess partially filled 𝑑-
colour
subshells
736 (b)
748 (a)
Aqueous silver nitrate solution is used as indelible
Annealing is the process of heating steel to bright
ink.
red and then cooling it slowly. Steel thus, becomes
737 (b)
soft and pliable.
The fourteen elements which follow actinium
749 (b)
from thorium(𝑍=90) to lawrencium (𝑧=103) are
Cast iron or pig iron (2-5% C); wrought iron (0.1
called actinoids. They involve the filling of 5𝑓-
to 0.5% C), stell (0.1 to 1.5% C).
subshell. Californium (Cf) has the atomic number
750 (a)
98 and its configuration is as
During the extraction of copper, the impurity
Cf(𝑍 = 98): [Rn]5𝑓10 , 6𝑑0 , 7𝑠 2
(FeS) is removed as slag by mixing the
Hence, it is a member of actinide series.
contaminated copper ore with silica and coke.
738 (c)
2FeS + 3O2 ⟶ 2FeO + 2SO2
Wrought iron is obtained from pig iron by
FeO + SiO2 ⟶ FeSiO3
removing its impurities by pudding process in
silica ferrous silicate
which cast iron is heated on the hearth of
(slag)
reverberatory furnace.
751 (a)
739 (b)
Usually across the first transition series, the
Follow text.
negative values for standard electrode potential
740 (c)
decrease except for Mn due to stable 𝑑5 –
Ammonium dichromate on heating gives green
configuration.
coloured powder of Cr2 O3 .
∆ So, correct order : Mn > 𝐶𝑟 > 𝐹𝑒 > 𝐶𝑜
2(NH4 )2 Cr2 O7 → 2(NH4 )2 CrO4 + Cr2 O3 + 3O2 752 (c)
chromic Copper pyrite (CuFeS2 )is the chief ore of copper.
oxide 753 (c)
741 (b) It is a fact.
CuOis amphoteric. 754 (a)
742 (d) FeCl3 acts as coagulating agent for blood.
All these form soluble complexes with NH3. 755 (b)
743 (b) ZnCl2 . H2 O ⟶ Zn(OH)Cl + HCl
756 (b) CaO3 →
1000°C
CaO + CO2
HgCl2 + 2NaOH → HgO + H2 O + 2NaCl The calcium oxide acts as flux and combines with
yellow silica present as an impurity to form a fusible slag
757 (a) of CaSiO3 .
2Na[Au(CN)2 ] + Zn ⟶ Na2 [Zn(CN)4 ] + 2Au.
CaO + SiO2 ⟶ CaSiO3
758 (a) 771 (a)
Due to lanthanoid contraction order will be The compounds which combine with impurities
Yb3+ < 𝑃m3+ < 𝐶e3+ < 𝐿a3+ present in ore (at high temperature) and remove
759 (b) them as a fusible substance (slag), are known as
HgS + 2HCl + 3[O] ⟶ HgCl2 + H2 O + SO2 flux. When basic impurities are present, an acidic
(KCIO3 )
760 (d) flux is used and vice-versa.
The actinoids (5𝑓-elements) exhibits more FeO + SiO2 → FeSiO3
number of oxidation states in general than the basic impurity acidic flux slag
lanthanoid because 5𝑓-orbitals extend farther 772 (a)
from the nucleus than the 4𝑓-orbitals. Ni2+ =[Ar]3𝑑8
761 (c) ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ↿ ↿
Silver nitrate is used in making hair dyes because Number of unpaired electrons=2
it reduced to metallic silver and finely divided Hence, magnetic moment=√𝑛 (𝑛 + 2)
silver is black in colour. =√8=2.84
762 (b) 773 (b)
2Kl + HgCl2 ⟶ Hgl2 + 2KC HgS is used in ayurvedic medicine as
Scarlet red
makardhwaja.
763 (b)
HgCl2 is poisonous and its antidote is egg white.
Cr2 O2− 2−
7 changes to C𝑟O4 in basic medium .
ZnSO4is used in eye lotion.
764 (d)
Hg 2 Cl2 is used as purgative in medicine and in
For electroplating of gold, electrolyte used is a
making standard calomel electrode.
mixture of 3.4%AuCN, 19% KCN and Na3 PO4 a
774 (b)
buffer or K[Au(CN)2 ].
It is the desired chemical formula.
765 (b)
775 (a)
Parke’s process for desilverisation of lead
The differentiating electrons enter the 𝑛𝑠-orbital
involves extraction of Ag from Ag-Pb mixture.
but they have configuration(𝑛 − 1)𝑑10 𝑛𝑠 2 .
766 (b)
Pt dissolves in aqua regia (HNO + HCl ) 776 (a)
3 H2 O
1:3
3HCl + HNO3 ⟶ 2H2 O + NOCl + 2Cl HgCl2 + 2NH3 → Hg + NH2 HgCl + NH4 Cl
Pt + 4Cl ⟶ PtCl4 ; mercuric
PtCl4 + 2HCl ⟶ H2 PtCl6 . amino chloride
767 (d) ∴ HgCl2 on reaction with NH4 OH (or NH3 +
Argentite is Ag 2 S, an ore of silver. H2 O)forms mercuric amino chloride.
768 (c) 777 (b)
Variable valency is due to the participation of Magnetic moment =√𝑛(𝑛 + 2)BM
electron from (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 and 𝑛𝑠 levels in bond Where, 𝑛 is the number of unpaired electrons.
formation Maximum the value of unpaired electron, greater
769 (c) the value of magnetic moment. So, 3𝑑5 has highest
Hg is liquid at room temperature. value of magnetic moment.
770 (c) 778 (d)
In Fe extraction limestone is used for the Carbon (non-metal) is present in steel.
formation of slag. The central zone where the 779 (c)
temperature varies from 800-1000°C; the lime- Corrosive sublimate is HgCl2 because it has
stone present in the charge decomposes into corrosion nature and sublimation nature.
calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. 780 (b)
 CuSO4 + 2KI ⟶ Cul2 + K 2 SO4 ZnO possess this characteristics.
unstable 789 (a)
2CuI2 ⟶ Cu2 I2 + I2 A solid [AgNO3 (𝐴)]silver nitrate which has
Thus, CuI2 is not formed. photographic effects reacts with the solution of
781 (b) NaBr(B) to give a pale yellow ppt. of AgBr which
Cuprous ion (𝐶𝑢 + )3𝑑10 (completely filled 𝑑- is difficulty soluble in NH4 OH . NaBr (𝐵) on
subshell) heating gives brown vapours of bromine.
3𝑑10 AgNO3 + NaBr ⟶ AgBr + NaNO3
⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ‘𝐴’ ‘𝐵’ ‘𝐶’
light yellow ppt.
Cupric ion (Cu2+ )3𝑑9 (one unpaired electron) 790 (d)
3𝑑9 It is a reason for the given fact.
⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ⥮ ↿ 791 (b)
783 (b) 2 2 6 2
25Mn=1𝑠 ,2𝑠 ,2𝑝 ,3𝑠 ,3𝑝 ,4𝑠 ,3𝑑
6 2 5

Cr2 O3 is amphoteric as it reacts with acid and ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿

alkalies both. ∵ Number of unpaired electrons in Mn =5
784 (a) ∴ Magnetic moment of Mn =√𝑛(𝑛 + 2)
Pig iron on heating in a vertical furnace and then = √5(5 + 2) = √35 = 5.91 BM
pouring into moulds gives cast iron. Both contain
792 (b)
2 5% carbon.
3Fe + 4H2 O ⟶ Fe3 O4 + 4H2
785 (b) Red hot Steam
+
29 Cu has configuration 793 (b)
1𝑠 2 , 2𝑠 2 2𝑝6 , 3𝑠 2 3𝑝 6 3𝑑10 . Transition elements are more metallic than
786 (a) representative elements due to the availability of
In the blast furnace, iron ore is reduced by coke 𝑑-orbitals for bonding
and carbon monoxide at different temperatures. 794 (d)
C + O2 ⟶ CO2 Cerium can attain +4 oxidation state by losing 𝑛𝑠
1500℃ and (𝑛 − 2)𝑓-electrons to have 𝑓° configuration.
CO2 + C → 2CO
400℃
3Fe2 O3 + CO → 2Fe3 O4 + CO2
600℃
Fe3 O4 + CO → 3FeO + CO2
700℃
FeO + CO → Fe + CO2
787 (d)
These are reasons for the given fact.
788 (d)
 THE D-AND F-BLOCK ELEMENTS

1) c 2) c 3) c 4) d 193) b 194) b 195) b 196) d

5) b 6) a 7) c 8) d 197) d 198) a 199) a 200) c
9) d 10) a 11) b 12) d 201) c 202) a 203) b 204) a
13) b 14) a 15) b 16) a 205) c 206) a 207) d 208) c
17) d 18) b 19) c 20) c 209) b 210) d 211) b 212) d
21) c 22) a 23) a 24) d 213) a 214) b 215) c 216) d
25) c 26) c 27) c 28) b 217) b 218) c 219) c 220) b
29) b 30) d 31) c 32) d 221) d 222) a 223) a 224) a
33) d 34) c 35) d 36) d 225) c 226) a 227) d 228) d
37) c 38) a 39) b 40) d 229) a 230) c 231) a 232) a
41) c 42) b 43) c 44) d 233) c 234) a 235) a 236) d
45) b 46) a 47) c 48) c 237) a 238) a 239) c 240) d
49) b 50) c 51) c 52) a 241) b 242) a 243) a 244) d
53) d 54) d 55) d 56) b 245) a 246) a 247) d 248) b
57) d 58) c 59) a 60) b 249) b 250) b 251) c 252) d
61) b 62) c 63) a 64) d 253) c 254) c 255) b 256) d
65) d 66) b 67) c 68) b 257) b 258) c 259) d 260) b
69) b 70) b 71) c 72) a 261) b 262) c 263) b 264) d
73) d 74) b 75) c 76) b 265) a 266) c 267) d 268) d
77) c 78) c 79) b 80) b 269) d 270) b 271) b 272) c
81) b 82) d 83) d 84) d 273) a 274) d 275) d 276) c
85) b 86) c 87) d 88) c 277) b 278) b 279) b 280) c
89) b 90) a 91) b 92) d 281) b 282) b 283) c 284) c
93) c 94) c 95) b 96) c 285) b 286) b 287) a 288) c
97) a 98) c 99) d 100) c 289) a 290) c 291) b 292) b
101) c 102) d 103) b 104) c 293) a 294) b 295) b 296) d
105) c 106) c 107) c 108) a 297) d 298) b 299) d 300) a
109) a 110) d 111) d 112) b 301) a 302) a 303) b 304) c
113) d 114) d 115) a 116) c 305) c 306) a 307) a 308) d
117) d 118) c 119) d 120) a 309) a 310) d 311) d 312) b
121) d 122) b 123) a 124) a 313) c 314) c 315) d 316) b
125) b 126) b 127) d 128) a 317) c 318) c 319) d 320) a
129) a 130) c 131) c 132) d 321) a 322) b 323) b 324) d
133) d 134) b 135) d 136) c 325) c 326) b 327) c 328) d
137) c 138) a 139) b 140) b 329) d 330) d 331) c 332) c
141) b 142) a 143) a 144) d 333) b 334) d 335) a 336) a
145) d 146) d 147) b 148) c 337) a 338) a 339) d 340) d
149) a 150) d 151) d 152) d 341) c 342) c 343) d 344) a
153) a 154) a 155) c 156) d 345) d 346) d 347) b 348) a
157) b 158) b 159) a 160) a 349) c 350) a 351) d 352) a
161) b 162) b 163) b 164) c 353) a 354) a 355) d 356) c
165) c 166) c 167) b 168) d 357) c 358) b 359) a 360) d
169) c 170) a 171) d 172) a 361) d 362) a 363) d 364) d
173) c 174) d 175) b 176) b 365) a 366) c 367) a 368) b
177) c 178) d 179) a 180) d 369) a 370) c 371) a 372) c
181) c 182) c 183) a 184) b 373) a 374) d 375) b 376) d
185) a 186) d 187) a 188) d 377) c 378) a 379) a 380) a
189) b 190) b 191) a 192) a 381) c 382) b 383) c 384) c
385) c 386) b 387) a 388) a 589) a 590) a 591) a 592) c
389) b 390) c 391) d 392) b 593) b 594) b 595) b 596) a
393) c 394) a 395) d 396) c 597) b 598) c 599) d 600) b
397) b 398) b 399) b 400) a 601) c 602) c 603) a 604) d
401) b 402) a 403) a 404) c 605) d 606) c 607) b 608) c
405) b 406) d 407) b 408) d 609) b 610) b 611) c 612) b
409) c 410) a 411) b 412) b 613) c 614) d 615) b 616) a
413) c 414) c 415) b 416) c 617) b 618) a 619) a 620) a
417) d 418) a 419) a 420) d 621) c 622) a 623) a 624) d
421) a 422) b 423) c 424) c 625) b 626) b 627) b 628) a
425) d 426) b 427) b 428) a 629) b 630) d 631) d 632) b
429) d 430) b 431) b 432) d 633) a 634) d 635) b 636) c
433) b 434) c 435) c 436) c 637) a 638) c 639) b 640) b
437) c 438) a 439) c 440) d 641) a 642) a 643) b 644) c
441) c 442) a 443) a 444) c 645) a 646) a 647) a 648) b
445) b 446) b 447) a 448) a 649) b 650) b 651) c 652) d
449) c 450) d 451) c 452) b 653) d 654) b 655) a 656) c
453) d 454) b 455) d 456) b 657) c 658) c 659) b 660) b
457) b 458) d 459) b 460) d 661) c 662) a 663) d 664) b
461) b 462) c 463) b 464) a 665) c 666) c 667) d 668) c
465) c 466) a 467) c 468) b 669) d 670) b 671) b 672) b
469) b 470) a 471) a 472) d 673) a 674) b 675) b 676) d
473) b 474) c 475) a 476) a 677) d 678) d 679) b 680) b
477) a 478) a 479) c 480) c 681) d 682) a 683) b 684) b
481) b 482) c 483) a 484) a 685) c 686) d 687) a 688) c
485) c 486) c 487) b 488) d 689) d 690) b 691) b 692) c
489) c 490) b 491) a 492) c 693) c 694) b 695) d 696) d
493) a 494) c 495) c 496) b 697) c 698) d 699) b 700) b
497) c 498) b 499) b 500) c 701) a 702) b 703) c 704) b
501) a 502) c 503) b 504) c 705) c 706) b 707) b 708) b
505) a 506) b 507) a 508) a 709) d 710) b 711) a 712) c
509) c 510) d 511) d 512) b 713) c 714) c 715) a 716) d
513) d 514) c 515) a 516) d 717) b 718) a 719) a 720) a
517) d 518) a 519) c 520) c 721) a 722) c 723) c 724) b
521) b 522) b 523) a 524) a 725) b 726) c 727) a 728) c
525) d 526) a 527) b 528) d 729) d 730) c 731) c 732) b
529) a 530) c 531) a 532) c 733) d 734) a 735) c 736) b
533) d 534) a 535) d 536) d 737) b 738) c 739) b 740) c
537) d 538) a 539) b 540) a 741) b 742) d 743) b 744) a
541) b 542) d 543) c 544) d 745) a 746) d 747) d 748) a
545) d 546) a 547) c 548) c 749) b 750) a 751) a 752) c
549) b 550) c 551) b 552) a 753) c 754) a 755) b 756) b
553) c 554) b 555) b 556) d 757) a 758) a 759) b 760) d
557) c 558) c 559) c 560) b 761) c 762) b 763) b 764) d
561) b 562) d 563) a 564) c 765) b 766) b 767) d 768) c
565) a 566) d 567) c 568) c 769) c 770) c 771) a 772) a
569) c 570) c 571) d 572) c 773) b 774) b 775) a 776) a
573) b 574) a 575) a 576) b 777) b 778) d 779) c 780) b
577) d 578) a 579) d 580) a 781) b 782) d 783) b 784) a
581) d 582) d 583) a 584) d 785) b 786) a 787) d 788) d
585) c 586) d 587) a 588) b 789) a 790) d 791) b 792) b
793) b 794) d
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