PHILIPPINE COLLEGE FOUNDATION

Purok-6, City of Valencia, Bukidnon 8709

Tel. No. (088) 826-6569
Email Add. [email protected] Website: www.ilovepcf.com

COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
TECHNICAL ENGLISH 2 (LEGAL FORMS)
CDI8
A.Y: 2024-2025 (1st Semester)
Prepared By: Glyzl Jee Edrolin-Latoza, JD
INVESTIGATIVE REPORT - is a written 14. Uniform of the investigator.
document prepared by a peace officer that
records in detail the officer’s observations and CARDINAL PRINCIPLES of a good report
actions as they relate to a specific event or writing:
incident. Each investigative report is a legal 1. ACCURACY. The writer or
document that becomes a permanent written investigator must conform to the truth.
record of that event or incident. 2. COMPLETENESS. Requires the
inclusion of all relevant pertinent and
The investigation targets to accomplish a three- material information.
fold aim: 3. BREVITY. Eliminate all irrelevant,
1. To identify the suspect; unessential and unnecessary materials.
2. To locate the suspect; and It includes the ability to make the report
3. To provide evidence. unified, coherent and emphatic.
4. FAIRNESS. The investigator should
In the performance of his/her duty, the take the facts as he finds them and if
investigator must seek to establish the SIX (6) ever he has theories, it must be
CARDINAL POINTS OF consistent with these facts.
INVESTIGATION: 5. FORM & STYLE. The arrangement of
1. What specific offense has been the materials presented should be in a
committed; manner that will make report easy to
2. How the offense was committed; read. Form includes proper
3. Who committed it; paragraphing, proper underscoring,
4. Where the offense was committed; proper capitalization and proper
5. When it was committed; and why it heading. The report should be written
was committed. in the third person, the investigator
referring to himself as “The
14 PROTOCOLS in conducting an investigator”.
investigation according to PNP Directorate for
Investigation and Detective Management Tools of an investigator in gathering facts are
(DIDM): as follows:
1. Jurisdictional Investigation by the 1. Information. Data gathered by an
Territorial Unit concerned; investigator from other persons
2. Official Police Blotter; including the victim himself and from:
3. Investigation team: Organization & a. Public records;
Equipment; b. Private records; and
4. Duties of the First Responder; c. Modus Operandi File.
5. Duties & responsibilities of the 2. Interview. Skillful questioning of
investigating team; witnesses and suspects.
6. Investigation of suspects; 3. Instruments. Scientific examination of
7. Taking of sworn statements of suspects; real evidence, application of
8. Taking of sworn statements of the instrument and methods of the physical
witnesses; sciences in detecting crime.
9. Preparation of reports & filing of
charges; Phases of investigation:
10. Procedure in the release of crime scene; Phase I- Identify the suspect(s) through:
11. Follow-up of the case; a. Confession;
12. Preparation of the case investigation b. Eyewitness testimony;
plan (CIPLAN); c. Circumstantial evidence; and
13. Attendance to court duties; and d. Associate evidence
Phase II- Locate and apprehend suspect(s) 3. To guide police administrators for
Phase III- Gather and provide evidence to policy formulation and decision
establish the guilt of the accused making.
4. Serves as a gauge/yardstick for
efficiency evaluation of police officers.
POLICE REPORT- is any written matter 5. To guide prosecutors and courts in the
prepared by the police involving their trial of criminal cases investigated by
interaction with the community. the police.
- Is an exact narration of facts discovered
during the course of the crime CRITERIA to be considered in Police Report
investigation which serves as a Writing:
permanent written record for future 1. CLARITY. Must be clear and it should
reference. be written directly and in a manner that
- Is a permanent written record of police is easy to understand.
activities classified as informal and 2. ACCURACY. Must conform with the
formal which communicates important established rules of syntax, format,
facts concerning people involved in spelling, and grammar. The data
criminal activities. presented must be precise and the
- Is basically a story of actions performed information given must be factual.
by man. A police report is a 3. BREVITY. Must be short, with simple
chronological account of an accident sentences, common words and is easy
that transpired in a given time, at a to understand.
given place. It is a result from the fact 4. SPECIFICITY. Must be specific by
that someone has asked for them and using concrete examples. A good
needs them for immediate or future descriptive narration gives life to the
use. In any event, police reporting has written words through particular terms
become one of the most significant that project hues, movements,
processes in modern police operations. quantities and shapes.
5. COMPLETENESS. Must be complete
Important uses of police report: by using 5W’s and 1H.
1. Serves as records for police 6. TIMELINESS. Must be submitted on
administration in planning, directing, time. As much as possible immediately
and organizing the unit’s duties. after the incident has happened.
2. Can be used as legal documents in the 7. SECURITY. Must be considered
prosecution of criminals. classified. Hence, transmission,
3. Utilized by other agencies. handling, and access to these reports
4. Useful to tri-media for public should be limited only to police
information purposes. personnel who are granted by higher
5. Can be utilized for research purposes. authority security clearance. It is a top
6. Improves the personality of the writer. secret document.
8. IMPARTIALITY. Must know what the
Purpose of Police report: receiving office needs to know.
1. Serves as the raw materials from which Important data must not be omitted or
records system are made. added to conceal responsibilities, to
2. To reveal as part of the component of impute liabilities or to favor parties.
the record system, the direct
relationship between the efficiency of CLASSIFICATION OF POLICE REPORT:
the department and the quality of its
reports and reporting procedures.
 1. PERFORMANCE REPORT. Contains A. GENERAL ORDERS- Orders and/or
information as to the status of an directives covering organizational set-
activities or operations. up, functional duties, constitution of
2. FACT-FINDING REPORT. Report committees, including departmental
which involves the gathering and commendations for officers, members
presentation of data in logical order and civilian employees, General orders
without an attempt to draw are prepared for signature of the
conclusions. Superintendent.
3. TECHNICAL REPORT. Report which B. SPECIAL ORDERS- dealing on
presents data on a specialized subject. assignments, transfer, temporary duty
4. PROBLEM-DETERMINING REPORT. or special training, etc. of personnel.
Report which attempts to find the Special Orders (SO) are prepared for
causes underlaying a problem or to find signature of the Deputy
whether or not a problem really exists. Superintendent under the
5. PROBLEM SOLUTION REPORT. correspondent line authority.
Report which analyzes the thought C. NUMBERED MEMORANDUM- is a
process that lies behind the solution of department-wide directions or orders
a particular problem. prescribing guidelines, standing
procedures, policies, rules and
CATEGORIES OF POLIES REPORT: regulations which are intended for
1. OPERATIONAL REPORTS. Include compliance/implementation on
those relating to the reporting of police permanent or continuing basis. These
incidents, investigation, arrests, orders are prepared for the signature of
identification of persons, and a mass of the Deputy Superintendent under
miscellaneous reports necessary to the usual line authority.
conduct of routine police operations. D. MEMORANDA (UNNUMBERED)-
2. INTERNAL BUSINESS REPORTS. another form of dissemination of
Reports that are necessary to the directives or orders which are intended
management of the agency and include for compliance/ implementation on
financial reports, personnel reports, temporary basis or lasting only for a
purchase reports, equipment reports, short period of time. Memoranda are
property maintenance reports and also used for dissemination by quoting
general correspondence. therein letters of appreciating and other
3. TECHNICAL REPORTS. Presents data communications from other offices or
on any specialized subject, but usually individuals, for informative purposes.
relating to completed staff work and They are prepare either for signature of
add to the specific knowledge Superintendent or the Deputy
necessary for the proper functioning of Superintendent depending on the
the police management. importance of the matter.
4. SUMMARY REPORTS. Furnish
intelligence information necessary to
the solution of crime, accident, and
police administrative problems.

GUIDELINES IN THE PREPARATION &

CLASSIFICATION OF DEPARTMENTAL
GENERAL ORDERS, SPECIAL ORDERS,
CIRCULARS, MEMORANDA