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UNIT2 (III Part)

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31 views11 pages

UNIT2 (III Part)

Uploaded by

kartikd1805
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HTML Form

An HTML form is a section of a document which contains controls such as text fields, password fields,
checkboxes, radio buttons, submit button, menus etc.
An HTML form facilitates the user to enter data that is to be sent to the server for processing.

Why use HTML Form?

HTML forms are required if we want to collect some data from of the site visitor.
For example: If a user want to purchase some items on internet, he/she must fill the form such as
shipping address and credit/debit card details so that item can be sent to the given address.

The HTML <form> tag is used to create an HTML form and it has following syntax –

HTML Form Syntax:


<form action="server url" method="get/post">
//input controls e.g. textfield, textarea, radiobutton, button
</form>

Form Attributes:
Apart from common attributes, following is a list of the most frequently used form attributes −

Sr.No Attribute & Description

1 action Backend script ready to process your passed data.

2 method Method to be used to upload data. The most frequently used are GET and
POST methods.

3 target Specify the target window or frame where the result of the script will be
displayed. It takes values like _blank, _self, _parent etc.

4 enctype we can use the enctype attribute to specify how the browser encodes the
data before it sends it to the server. Possible values are

HTML Form Controls:

There are different types of form controls that you can use to collect data using HTML form −
 Text Input Controls
 Checkboxes Controls
 Radio Box Controls
 Select Box Controls
 File Select boxes
 Hidden Controls
 Clickable Buttons
 Submit and Reset Button

1
Text Input Controls:

There are three types of text input used on forms −


 Single-line text input controls − This control is used for items that require only one line of user
input, such as search boxes or names. They are created using HTML <input> tag.
 Password input controls − This is also a single-line text input but it masks the character as soon
as a user enters it. They are also created using HTMl <input> tag.
 Multi-line text input controls − This is used when the user is required to give details that may
be longer than a single sentence. Multi-line input controls are created using
HTML <textarea> tag.

Single-line text input controls:

This control is used for items that require only one line of user input, such as search boxes or names.
They are created using HTML <input> tag.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Text Input Control</title>
</head>
<body>
<form >
First name: <input type = "text" name = "first_name" />
<br>
Last name: <input type = "text" name = "last_name" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following output:

Attributes
Following is the list of attributes for <input> tag for creating text field.
Sr.No Attribute & Description

1 type Indicates the type of input control and for text input control it will be set to text.

2 name Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be recognized
and get the value.

3 value This can be used to provide an initial value inside the control.

4 size Allows to specify the width of the text-input control in terms of characters.

5 maxlength Allows to specify the maximum number of characters a user can enter into
the text box.

2
HTML Password Field Control:
This is also a single-line text input but it masks the character as soon as a user enters it. They are also
created using HTML <input>tag but type attribute is set to password.

<form>
<label for="password">Password: </label>
<input type="password" id="password" name="password"/> <br/>
</form>

Attributes
Following is the list of attributes for <input> tag for creating password field.
Sr.No Attribute & Description

1 type
Indicates the type of input control and for password input control it will be set
to password.

2 name
Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be recognized and
get the value.

3 value This can be used to provide an initial value inside the control.

4 size Allows to specify the width of the text-input control in terms of characters.

5 maxlength
Allows to specify the maximum number of characters a user can enter into the
text box.

Multiple-Line Text Input Controls:

This is used when the user is required to give details that may be longer than a single sentence. Multi-
line input controls are created using HTML <textarea> tag.

Example
Here is a basic example of a multi-line text input used to take item description −
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Multiple-Line Input Control</title>
</head>
<body>
<form>
Description : <br />
<textarea rows = "5" cols = "50" name = "description">
Enter description here...
</textarea>
</form>
</body>
</html>
3
This will produce the following result −

Attributes
Following is the list of attributes for <textarea> tag.
Sr.No Attribute & Description

1 name Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be
recognized and get the value.

2 rows Indicates the number of rows of text area box.

3 cols Indicates the number of columns of text area box

Checkbox Control:

Checkboxes are used when more than one option is required to be selected. They are also created using
HTML <input> tag but type attribute is set to checkbox.
Example
Here is an example HTML code for a form with two checkboxes −
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Checkbox Control</title>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<input type = "checkbox" name = "maths" value = "on"> Maths
<input type = "checkbox" name = "physics" value = "on"> Physics
</form>
</body>
</html>
This will produce the following result –

Attributes
Following is the list of attributes for <checkbox> tag.
Sr.No Attribute & Description

1 type Indicates the type of input control and for checkbox input control it will be set
to checkbox..

2 Name Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be recognized and get
the value.

4
3 value The value that will be used if the checkbox is selected.

4 checked Set to checked if you want to select it by default.

Radio Button Control


Radio buttons are used when out of many options, just one option is required to be selected. They are
also created using HTML <input> tag but type attribute is set to radio.
Example
Here is example HTML code for a form with two radio buttons −
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Radio Box Control</title>
</head>

<body>
<form>
<input type = "radio" name = "subject" value = "maths"> Maths
<input type = "radio" name = "subject" value = "physics"> Physics
</form>
</body>

</html>
This will produce the following result –

Attributes
Following is the list of attributes for radio button.
Sr.No Attribute & Description

1 type Indicates the type of input control and for checkbox input control it will be set
to radio.

2 name Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be
recognized and get the value.

3 value The value that will be used if the radio box is selected.

4 checked Set to checked if you want to select it by default.

Select Box Control:

A select box, also called drop down box which provides option to list down various options in the
form of drop down list, from where a user can select one or more options, it comes in form of
option value pair.

5
Example
Here is example HTML code for a form with one drop down box
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Select Box Control</title>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<select name = "dropdown">
<option value = "Maths" selected>Maths</option>
<option value = "Physics">Physics</option>
</select>
</form>
</body>
</html>

This will produce the following result –


Maths

Attributes:
Following is the list of important attributes of <select> tag −
Sr.No Attribute & Description

1 name
Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be recognized
and get the value.

2 size
This can be used to present a scrolling list box.

3 multiple
If set to "multiple" then allows a user to select multiple items from the menu.

Following is the list of important attributes of <option> tag −


Sr.No Attribute & Description

1 value
The value that will be used if an option in the select box box is selected.

2 selected
Specifies that this option should be the initially selected value when the page loads.

3 label
An alternative way of labeling options

6
File Upload Box
If you want to allow a user to upload a file to your web site, you will need to use a file upload box, also
known as a file select box. This is also created using the <input> element but type attribute is set to file.

Example
Here is example HTML code for a form with one file upload box −
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>File Upload Box</title>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<input type = "file" name = "fileupload" accept = "image/*" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following output-

Attributes
Following is the list of important attributes of file upload box −
Sr.No Attribute & Description

1 name
Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be recognized and
get the value.

2 accept
Specifies the types of files that the server accepts.

Button Controls:

There are various ways in HTML to create clickable buttons. You can also create a clickable button
using <input>tag by setting its type attribute to button. The type attribute can take the following values –

Sr.No Type & Description

1 submit This creates a button that automatically submits a form.

2 reset This creates a button that automatically resets form controls to their initial
values.

3 button This creates a button that is used to trigger a client-side script when the
user clicks that button.

4 image This creates a clickable button but we can use an image as background of
the button.

7
Example
Here is example HTML code for a form with three types of buttons −
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>File Upload Box</title>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<input type = "submit" name = "submit" value = "Submit" />
<input type = "reset" name = "reset" value = "Reset" />
<input type = "button" name = "ok" value = "OK" />
<input type = "image" name = "imagebutton" src = "logo.png" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
This will produce the following result –

Hidden Form Controls:

Hidden form controls are used to hide data inside the page which later on can be pushed to the server.
This control hides inside the code and does not appear on the actual page. For example, following
hidden form is being used to keep current page number. When a user will click next page then the value
of hidden control will be sent to the web server and there it will decide which page will be displayed
next based on the passed current page.
Example
Here is example HTML code to show the usage of hidden control −
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>File Upload Box</title>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<p>This is page 10</p>
<input type = "hidden" name = "pagename" value = "10" />
<input type = "submit" name = "submit" value = "Submit" />
<input type = "reset" name = "reset" value = "Reset" />
</form>
</body>
</html>

This will produce following output:

8
Label Tag in Form:
It is considered better to have label in form. As it makes the code parser/browser/user friendly.

If we click on the label tag, it will focus on the text control. To do so, we need to have for attribute in
label tag that must be same as id attribute of input tag.

<form>
<label for="firstname">First Name: </label>
<input type="text" id="firstname" name="firstname"/> <br/>
<label for="lastname">Last Name: </label>
<input type="text" id="lastname" name="lastname"/> <br/>
</form>

HTML 5 Email Field Control :

The email field in new in HTML 5. It validates the text for correct email address. You must use @ and .
in this field.

<form>
<label for="email">Email: </label>
<input type="email" id="email" name="email"/> <br/>
</form>

Radio Button Control:


The radio button is used to select one from multiple options. It is used in gender, quiz questions etc.
If we use one name for all the radio buttons, only one radio button can be selected at a time.

<form>
<label for="gender">Gender: </label>
<input type="radio" id="gender" name="gender" value="male"/>Male
<input type="radio" id="gender" name="gender" value="female"/>Female <br/>
</form>

Checkbox Control:
The checkbox control is used to check multiple options from given checkboxes.

<form>
Hobby:<br>
<input type="checkbox" id="cricket" name="cricket" value="cricket"/>
<label for="cricket">Cricket</label>
<input type="checkbox" id="football" name="football" value="football"/>
<label for="football">Football</label>
<input type="checkbox" id="hockey" name="hockey" value="hockey"/>
<label for="hockey">Hockey</label>
</form>

9
HTML Form Example

Let's see a simple example of creating HTML form.

<!DOCTYPE>
<html>
<body>
<form action="http://www.javatpoint.com/javascriptpages/valid.jsp">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="tdLabel"><label for="register_name" class="label">Enter name:</label></td>
<td><input type="text" name="name" value="" id="register_name" style="width:160px"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tdLabel"><label for="register_password" class="label">Enter password:</label></td>
<td><input type="password" name="password" id="register_password" style="width:160px"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tdLabel"><label for="register_email" class="label">Enter Email:</label></td>
<td
><input type="email" name="email" value="" id="register_email" style="width:160px"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tdLabel"><label for="register_gender" class="label">Enter Gender:</label></td>
<td>
<input type="radio" name="gender" id="register_gendermale" value="male"/>
<label for="register_gendermale">male</label>
<input type="radio" name="gender" id="register_genderfemale" value="female"/>
<label for="register_genderfemale">female</label>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tdLabel"><label for="register_country" class="label">Select Country:</label></td>
<td><select name="country" id="register_country" style="width:160px">
<option value="india">india</option>
<option value="pakistan">pakistan</option>
<option value="africa">africa</option>
<option value="china">china</option>
<option value="other">other</option>
</select>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><div align="right"><input type="submit" id="register_0" value="register"/>
</div></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
10
This will produce following output:

11

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