2 Chapterwise CBSE Solved Papers:

Thus, / is one-one ifff(K)=f,)

MATHEMATICS
Function x =x, for all x,,x,eX
Let X and Ybe two non-empty sets, Afunction or or f is one-one iffx X
mapping f from Xinto Ywritten as f:X Yis a rule by fa) #fw,)
which each element xe X is associated to a unique clement for allx,x,EX.
yeY. Afunction which is not one-one, 1s known as
many-one function.
Domain, Codomain and Range of Function
2. Onto (or Surjective) and Into Function A
function, function
The elements of Xare called the domain of f and the
elements of Yare called the codomain of f. The images of f:X’ Yis said to be an onto if every
element of Yis image of some element tof set X
the elements of X is called the range of fwhich is a subset f i.e. for every ye Y, there exists an under
element
xin X
ofY. such thatf()= y.
function.
NOTE Every function is a relation but every relation is not a In other words, afunction is called an onto function, if
its range is equal to codomain. A function
Types of Function f:X’Y
said to be into function, if there exists atleast one
Function
1. One-One (or Injective) and Many-One element in Y, which donot have any pre-image in Y
Afunction f:X’ Yis said tobe a one-one function,
X under f are 3. Bijective Function Afunction f:X’Yissid to b
if the images of distinct elements of a bijective function, if it is both one-one and onto
distinct.

PYQs Previous Years Questions

1Mark Questions 4. Let the relation Rin the set A= xeZ:0Sx S12),
Multiple Choice Questionsirolish E given by R={(a, b) :|a - b| is amultiple of 4). Then
[1], the equivalence class containing 1, is
1. Select the correct option out of the four given options CBSE Sample Paper 2022 (Term
Let R be arelation in the set N given (a) {1, 5, 9}
bynve b
R={(a,b):a=b-2, b> 6}toaeo b CBSE 2023 (b) 0,1,2, 5)oh p ie gnol b a o
(c)
Then,
(d) A
(a) (8, 7)eR (b) (6,8) eR
at (c) (3, 8)eR h e t e (d) (2,4)e R N 5. The function f:R’Rdefined as f(r) =x' is
2. Let A =3,5}. Then, number of reflexive relations on 4 CBSE Sample Paper 2022 (Term
(a) one-one but not onto
CBSE 2023
(b) not one-one but onto
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 0 (d) 8 (c) neither one-one nor onto
KEY cONCEPT (d) both one-one and onto
If in a set A, n(A) =x, then the number of reflexive 6. Let A=1,2,3}, B= {4,5,6,7} and let
relations on Ais 2x-x
f={4,4), (2,5),(3,6)} be a function from A to B.
Based on the given informationf is best defined as
3. A relation Rin set A=1,2,3} is defined as CBSE Sample Paper 2022 (Term
R={(4),(4,2), (2, 2),(3,3)} Which of thefollowing (a) surjective functionaaihala
ordered pair in R shall be removed to make it an (b) injective function
equivalence relation in 4? CBSE 2022 (Term 1) (c) bijective function
(a) (1, 1) (b) (1, 2) (c) (2, 2) () (3,3) (d) None of the above
 3
Relotions and Functions

Assertion-Reason 18, If 4 = (,2, 3), B= (4, 5,6, 7) and

7. Assertion (A) The relation f(1,4), (2,5), (3,6)) is a function from Ato B. State
All lndia 2011
f:l2,3,4) ’ 4 p} defined by whether fis one-one or not.
f={().eaa)}is abijective function.
Reason (R) Thefùnctionf:1,23)-’ (x, ED) such 2 Marks Questions
that f= (, ), (2 ). 3 :)) is one-one. 19. Afunction f:A’ Bdefined as f() =2x is both
(a) Both Aand Rare true and Ris the correct one-one and onto. IfA= (1,2,3, 4), then find the set B.
explanation of A. CBSE 2023

(b) Both Aand Rare true, but Ris not the correct
explanation of A. KEY CONCEPT
(c) A is true and R is false. Find the range of thegiven function, by using the role
f(x) = 2x.
(d) Ais false, but R is true. CBSE Sample Paper 2023

Very Short Answer Questions 20. Prove that the function f is surjective, where
8. How many reflexive relations are possible in a set A f:N’N such that
whose n(A) =3? CBSE Sample Paper 2021 |n+1 if nis odd
2
9. Check whether the function f:R’ R defined as f(n) = n
fr) =r' is one-one or not. if nis even
CBSE Sample Paper 2021 2
10. Arelation Ris S=,2,3} is defined as Is the function injective? Justify your answer.
R={1,1), 1,2),(2,2), (3,3)}. Which element(s) of CBSE Sample Paper 2023
relation R be removed to make R an equivalence
relation? CBSE Sample Paper 2021
21. How many equivalence relations on the set 1,2,3}
containing (1,2) and (2, l) are there in all? Justify your
11. An equivalence relation Rin A divides it into answer. CBSE Sample Paper 2017
equivalence classes A, A,, A,. What is the value of
A, U
A, UA, and A, nA, n A,?
CBSE Sample Paper 2021
3Marks Question
22. Check whether the relation R in the set Z of integers
12. Arelation Rin the set of real numbers Rdefined as h defined as R ={(a, b): a+ bis divisible by 2'} is
R={a, b) :Na =b} is afunction or not. Justify. reflexive, symmetric or transitive. Write the
CBSE Sample Paper 2021 equivalence class containing Oi.e. [0].
13. A relation in a set A is called ..... relation, if each CBSE Sample Paper 2021
element of A
is related to itself. All India 2020
KEY cONCEPT
14. Let A={1,2,3,4} and Rbe the equivalence relation on Find the set of allthose elements of z which are related to
AxA defined by (a, b) R (c d) iff a+d=b+c Find O
i.e. [0] =(bez=(0,b) e R}
the equivalence class [(, 3)]. CBSE Sample Paper 2018
15. IfR =(a, a') :a is aprime number less than 5} be a 4 Marks Questionse
relation, then find the range ofR.ons Foreign 2014 23. Check if the relation R in the set R of real numbers
defined as R = {(a, b) :a <b} is
16. Let Ris the equivalence relation in the set ()symmetric, (ii) transitive All India 2020
A={0,1,2,3,4, 5} given by R= {(a, b) :2 divides
(a-b)}. Write the equivalence class [0, Delhi 2014C 24. Check if the relation R on the set A =1,2,3,4, 5,6}
defined as R={x, y): yis divisible by x} is
17. IfR ={(r, ) :x +2y=8} is a relation on N, then write 00 Delhi 2020
tSoc the range of R. All India 2014 or0 () symmetric (i) transitive
 Chapterwise CBSE Solved Papers :
MATHEMATICS
25. Check whether the relation Rdefined on the set 36, If f:X’Yis a function. Define arelation Ron y
A=,.2,3, 4, 5, 6}as R={(a, b) :b=a +) is reflexive, given by R=((a, b):f(a) =f(b)). show thattRis an
symmetric or transitive, Alllndia 2019 equivalence relation on X. All India 2010c
26. Show that the relation Ron IR defined as 37. Show that a function f:R’ Rgiven by
R={(a, b) : (a s b), is reflexive and transitive but f)= ax+b, a, be R, a #0is a bijective. Delhi 3hve
not symmetric. Delhi 2019
27. If R is a relation defined on the set of natural numbers 5Marks Questions
Nas follows: 38. Arelation R is defined on a set of real numbers Ras
R={(, y) :xe N, ye Nand 2v +y=24), then find R(x, y);:x yis an irrational number}.
the domain and range of the relation R. Also, find Check whether Ris reflexive, symmetric and transitive
whether Ris an equivalence relation or not. Delhi 2014C or not. CBSE 2022
28. If A=R-3} and B=R-{1.Considerthe function 39. Show that a function f:R’R defined as
Sa)r3is both one-one and onto.
fiAB defined by f ) = , for allxe A. Then,
X-3 be 4 CBSE 2023
Delhi 2014C; Delhi 2012
show that f is bijective.
29. If A=1,2,3,...,9} and R is the relation in Ax A
40. Let f:R - 4x
be a function defined as

defined by (a, b) R (c d), ifa +d=b+ c for (a, b), Is0 fr) =
(c d) in AxA. Prove that Ris an equivalence 3x +4 Show thatf is a one-one function.
relation. Also, obtain the equivalence class [(2, 5)]. Also, check whether f is an onto funciton or not.
Delhi 2014 CBSE 2023

30. If A=R-21, B = R - {} and f:A’ Bis a function 41. Afunction f:[-4,4]’ [0,4] is given by
defined by f(r) = X-2 then show that f is one-one TU fa)=16-x². Show that fis an onto function but
not a one-one function. Further, find all possible
and onto. Delhi 2013C
values of a for which f(a) =N7. sonolCBSE 2023
31. Show that the function f in
42, If N denotes the set of all natural numbers and R be
4x +3 osdSS the relation on N xN defined by (a, b) R(C d), if
4=R- defined as f(r) =6x 4 is one-one and
ad(b + c) = bc(a + d). Show that R is an equivalence
onto.
relation. onhchihe CBSE 2023; Delhi 2015
510soieono slb borsln Delhi 2013soSso
32. Show that f:N’N, given by 43. Given, a non-empty set X, define the relation R in
P(X) as follows
Jx+1, ifx is odd
f)= x-1, if xis even For 4, B e P(X), (A, B) e R iff 4 B. Prove that R is
is bijective (both one-one and onto).AIl India 2012 o reflexive, transitive and not symmetric.
CBSE Sample Paper 2023
33. If f:R-’ Ris the function defined by f() = 4x +7, 44. Let N be the set of all natural numbers and R be a
then show that f is a bijection. relation on NxN defined by (a, b)R(G, d) >ad =be
Delhi 2011C for all(a, b), (c, d) eNxN. Show that Ris an
34. Show that the relation S in the set R of real numbers 0 equivalence relation on Nx N. Also, find the
defined as S ={(a, b) :a, be Rand asb'} is neither equivalence class of (2, 6) i.e. [(2, )].
Or
reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive. Delhi 2010

35. Show that the relation S defined on set N>xN by Du Show that the function f :R ’{reR:-l<r<l}
(a, b) S (c, d) ’a+d=b+ cisan equivalence
osos relation. oto All India 2010
defined by f)=1+|x ,xeRis one-one and onto
0C function. CBSE Sample Paper 2023