SESSION 2023-24

PRE-NURTURE COURSE
TARGET : NSEJS
RACE #15-D TOPIC : CELL CYCLE MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS BIOLOGY
SECTION-I 7. If there are 20 centromeres in a cell at anaphase,
how many chromosomes are there in each daughter
1. The centromere is a region in which cell following cytokinesis?
(1) chromatids remain attached to one another until (1) 10 (2) 20 (3) 30 (4) 40
anaphase. 8. Where do the microtubules of the spindle originate
(2) metaphase chromosomes become aligned at the during mitosis in both plant and animal cells?
metaphase plate. (1) centromere (2) centrosome
(3) chromosomes are grouped during telophase. (3) centriole (4) chromatid
(4) the nucleus is located prior to mitosis. 9. Taxol is an anticancer drug extracted from the Pacific
2. Starting with a fertilized egg (zygote), a series of five yew tree. In animal cells, Taxol disrupts microtubule
cell divisions would produce an early embryo with formation by binding to microtubules and accelerating
how many cells? their assembly from the protein precursor, tubulin.
Surprisingly, this stops mitosis. Specifically, Taxol must
(1) 4 (2) 8 (3) 16 (4) 32
affect
3. If there are 20 chromatids in a cell, how many
(1) the formation of the mitotic spindle.
centromeres are there?
(2) anaphase.
(1) 1 0 (2) 20 (3) 30 (4) 40
(3) formation of the centrioles.
4. For a newly evolving protist, what would be the (4) chromatid assembly.
advantage of using eukaryote-like cell division rather
10. Which of the following are primarily responsible for
than binary fission? cytokinesis in plant cells but not in animal cells?
(1) Binary fission would not allow for the formation (1) kinetochores
of new organisms. (2) Golgi-derived vesicles
(2) Cell division would allow for the orderly and (3) actin and myosin
efficient segregation of multiple linear
(4) centrioles and centromeres
chromosomes.
11. Movement of the chromosomes during anaphase
(3) Cell division would be faster than binary fission. would be most affected by a drug that
(4) Cell division allows for lower rates of error per (1) reduces cyclin concentrations.
chromosome replication. (2) increases cyclin concentrations.
5. Suppose a biologist can separate one of a dozen (3) prevents elongation of microtubules.
pieces of chromatin from a eukaryotic (animal) (4) prevents shortening of microtubules.
nucleus. It might consist of which of the following?
12. Measurements of the amount of DNA per nucleus
(1) one-twelfth of the genes of the organism were taken on a large number of cells from a growing
(2) two chromosomes, each with six chromatids fungus. The measured DNA levels ranged from 3 to
(3) a single circular piece of DNA 6 picograms per nucleus. In which stage of the cell
cycle did the nucleus contain 6 picograms of DNA?
(4) two long strands of DNA plus proteins
(1) G0 (2) G1 (3) S (4) G2
6. If cells in the process of dividing are subjected to
13. A group of cells is assayed for DNA content
colchicine, a drug that interferes with the formation
immediately following mitosis and is found to have
of the spindle apparatus, at which stage will mitosis
an average of 8 picograms of DNA per nucleus.
be arrested? How many picograms would be found at the end of
(1) anaphase (2) prophase S and the end of G2?
(3) telophase (4) metaphase (1) 8; 8 (2) 8; 16 (3) 16; 8 (4) 16; 16

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TARGET: :NSEJS
IJSO
14. For anaphase to begin, which of the following must 22. The karyotype of one species of primate has 48
occur? chromosomes. In a particular female, cell division
(1) Chromatids must lose their kinetochores. goes awry and she produces one of her eggs with an
(2) Cohesin must attach the sister chromatids to each extra chromosome (25). The most probable source
other. of this error would be a mistake in which of the
following?
(3) Cohesin must be cleaved enzymatically.
(4) Kinetochores must attach to the metaphase (1) mitosis in her ovary
plate. (2) metaphase I of one meiotic event
15. Why do chromosomes coil during mitosis? (3) telophase II of one meiotic event
(1) to increase their potential energy (4) either anaphase I or II
(2) to allow the chromosomes to move without 23. A given organism has 46 chromosomes in its
becoming entangled and breaking karyotype. We can therefore conclude which of the
(3) to allow the chromosomes to fit within the nuclear following?
envelope (1) It must be human.
(4) to allow the sister chromatids to remain attached (2) It must be a primate.
16. During which phase of mitosis do the chromatids (3) It must be an animal.
become chromosomes?
(4) Its gametes must have 23 chromosomes.
(1) telophase (2) anaphase
24. A karyotype results from which of the following?
(3) prophase (4) metaphase
(1) a natural cellular arrangement of chromosomes
17. Which of the following was a discovery that had to be
in the nucleus
made before human chromosomes could be correctly
(2) an inherited ability of chromosomes to arrange
counted?
themselves
(1) how to use a hypotonic solution to swell nuclei
(3) the ordering of human chromosome images
(2) how to visualize sperm nuclei
(4) the cutting and pasting of parts of chromosomes
(3) how to visualize chromosomes
to form the standard array
(4) when to see chromosomes separate from one
25. If a cell has completed the first meiotic division and is
another
just beginning meiosis II, which of the following is an
18. The metabolism of a cell which decreases during
appropriate description of its contents?
prophase again starts increasing during
(1) It has half the amount of DNA as the cell that
(1) Telophase (2) Anaphase
began meiosis.
(3) Metaphase (4) G1 - phase
(2) It has the same number of chromosomes but
19. Cell cycle involves
each of them has different alleles than another
(1) Duplication of genome cell from the same meiosis.
(2) Synthesis of other cell constituents
(3) It has half the chromosomes but twice the DNA
(3) Division of cell of the originating cell.
(4) All of the above (4) It has one-fourth the DNA and one-half the
20. The changes of karyokinesis in mitosis occur in chromosomes as the originating cell.
(1) Cytoplasm (2) Nucleus 26. Which of the following can utilize both mitosis and
(3) Both 1 and 2 (4) Nucleolus meiosis in the correct circumstances?
21. Division of centromere occurs in (1) a haploid animal cell
(1) Late prophase or early metaphse (2) a diploid cell from a plant stem
(2) Late metaphase or early anaphase (3) any diploid animal cell
(3) Late anaphase or early telophase (4) a plant like protist
(4) Late telophase

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27. Which of the following might result in a human zygote 33. If an organism is diploid and a certain gene found in
with 45 chromosomes? the organism has 18 known alleles (variants), then
(1) an error in either egg or sperm meiotic anaphase any given organism of that species can/must have
(2) failure of the egg nucleus to be fertilized by the which of the following?
sperm (1) at most, 2 alleles for that gene
(3) fertilization of a 23 chromosome human egg by (2) up to 18 chromosomes with that gene
a 22 chromosome sperm of a closely related
(3) up to 18 genes for that trait
species
(4) an error in the alignment of chromosomes on (4) a haploid number of 9 chromosomes
the metaphase plate 34. Whether during mitosis or meiosis, sister chromatids
28. After telophase I of meiosis, the chromosomal are held together by proteins referred to as cohesins.
makeup of each daughter cell is Such molecules must have which of the following
(1) diploid, and the chromosomes are each properties?
composed of a single chromatid. (1) They must persist throughout the cell cycle.
(2) diploid, and the chromosomes are each (2) They must be removed before meiosis can begin.
composed of two chromatids.
(3) They must be removed before anaphase can
(3) haploid, and the chromosomes are each occur.
composed of a single chromatid.
(4) They must reattach to chromosomes during G1.
(4) haploid, and the chromosomes are each
composed of two chromatids. For the following questions, match the key
event of meiosis with the stages listed below.
29. When does the synaptonemal complex disappear?
(1) late prophase of meiosis I I. Prophase I V. Prophase II

(2) during fertilization or fusion of gametes II. Metaphase I VI. Metaphase II

(3) early anaphase of meiosis I III. Anaphase I VII. Anaphase II
(4) mid-prophase of meiosis II IV. Telophase I VIII. Telophase II
30. Which of the following happens at the conclusion of 35. Tetrads of chromosomes are aligned at the equator
meiosis I? of the spindle; alignment determines independent
(1) Homologous chromosomes are separated. assortment.
(2) The chromosome number per cell is conserved. (1) I (2) II (3) IV (4) VI
(3) Sister chromatids are separated.
36. Synaptonemal complexes form or are still present.
(4) Four daughter cells are formed.
(1) I only (2) I and IV only
31. A cell divides to produce two daughter cells that are
genetically different. (3) I and VIII only (4) II and VI only

(1) The statement is true for mitosis only. 37. Centromeres of sister chromatids disjoin and
chromatids separate.
(2) The statement is true for meiosis I only.
(3) The statement is true for meiosis II only. (1) II (2) III

(4) The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis I. (3) IV (4) VII
32. Which of the following occurs in meiosis but not in 38. For a species with a haploid number of 23
mitosis? chromosomes, how many different combinations of
(1) chromosome replication maternal and paternal chromosomes are possible
(2) synapsis of chromosomes for the gametes?

(3) production of daughter cells (1) 23 (2) 46

(4) alignment of chromosomes at the equator (3) 460 (4) about 8 million

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39. W hen homologous chromosomes crossover, what 45. Crossing over takes place in
occurs?
(1) Two stranded stage
(1) Two chromatids get tangled, resulting in one re-
sequencing its DNA. (2) Three stranded stage
(2) Two sister chromatids exchange identical pieces
of DNA. (3) One stranded stage

(3) Specific proteins break the two strands and re- (4) Four stranded stage
join them with their homologs.
(4) Each of the four DNA strands of a tetrad is broken 46. Which is correct for meiotic metaphase–I
and the pieces are mixed.
(1) Bivalents are arranged at equator
40. What is produced by mitosis?
(1) Two genetically identical nuclei (2) Univalents are arranged at equator

(2) Four genetically identical nuclei (3) Non-homologus chromosomes forms pair
(3) Two genetically different nuclei
(4) Spindle fibers are attached at chromomere
(4) Four genetically different nuclei
41. What moves the chromosomes during mitosis in ani- 47. In which stage of meiosis the chromosome number
mal cells? reduces to half
(1) Microtubules crossing the equator of the cell.
(1) Anaphase–I (2) Anaphase–II
(2) Microtubules connecting the replicated DNA
molecules to the poles of the cell. (3) Telophase–I (4) Telophase–II
(3) Mesosomes attached to replicated DNA mol-
48. Chiasmata appear in which stage ?
ecules at the equator of the cell.
(4) Mesosomes attached to the centrioles at the poles (1) Leptotene (2) Zygotene
of the cell.
(3) Pachytene (4) Diplotene
42. Separation of homologous chromosomes during
Anaphase - I is called 49. Which phase is marked by terminalization of
(1) Synapsis (2) Disjunction chiasmata?
(3) Nondisjunction (4) Crossing over
(1) Diakinesis (2) Pachytene
43. In meiosis
(1) Division of nucleus twice but replication of DNA (3) Diplotene (4) Zygotene
only once
50. Dissolution of synaptonemal complex occurs during
(2) Division of nucleus twice and replication of DNA
twice (1) Pachytene (2) Diplotene
(3) Division of nucleus once and replication of DNA
(3) Diakinesis (4) Zygotene
is also once
(4) Division of nucleus once and DNA - replication 51. The movement of homologous chromosomes towards
is twice opposite poles occur by contraction of spindle fibre
44. Synapsis found in between during
(1) Nonhomologous chromosome
(1) Anaphase–II (2) Anaphase–I
(2) Homologous chromosome
(3) Nonhomologous and homologous chromosome (3) Telophase (4) Metaphase–II
(4) Chromatids

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SECTION-II 53. True a nd False
(i) Replication of nuclear DNA and synthesis of histone
52. Fill in the blank in this question (i) to (iv) are based
protein takes place in S-phase.
on the figure given below
(ii) Cell cycle is running by a group of special proteins
"Cyclins and Cdks.
(E) (A) (iii) Prophase is the stage at which morphology of
(B) chromosomes is most easily studied.
(iv) Cytokinesis in plants takes place by cell plate
formation because constriction is not possible due to
(C)
(D) presence of the rigid cell wall.
(v) Anaphase II is characterised by segregation or
(i) DNA replication occurs in________phase : disjunction of chromosomes. Division of centromere
is absent.
(ii) Pre-DNA synthesis phase is________
(vi) Interkinesis :- Gap between meiosis I and meiosis II is
(iii) Karyokinesis occurs during _______phase.
called Interkinesis. Preparations of meiosis II occur
(iv) Centriole duplicates in________phase :
during interkinesis. It is like interphase of mitosis but
replication of DNA is absent in interkinesis.

ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

A ns . 1 4 1 2 4 4 2 2 1 2 4 4 4 3 2 1 1 4 4 3

Que. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

A ns . 2 4 4 3 1 4 1 4 1 1 2 2 1 3 2 1 4 4 3 1

Que. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51

A ns . 2 2 1 2 4 1 1 4 1 2 2

SECTION-II
52.
(i) B (ii) A (iii) D (iv) B
53. True a nd False
(i) True (ii) True (iii) False (iv) True (v) False (vi) True

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