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Untitled Document

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kamalikatg
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Passage A: Love it or hate it

In vieweng terms, the World Cup is twice as big as any other sporting event on the planet.
But just because it's big doesn't mean it's beautiful football can bring out the worst in people
it can make them obsessive and boring, it can make them prejudiced and intolerant, it can
make them violent and destructive But despite the corruption and cynicism surrounding it,
football has never lost its appeal

mbeatball weaves itself into whichever culturs embraces 4, appealing to people who have
nothing else in common but who each have a personal passion for the game and are
addicted to its spontaneity Packaged into 90 minutes are heroes and villains, hope and
despair, skill and drama: a miniature war with flags and armies

Football has an astonishing ability to cross borders and barriers, as between German and
British troops in no-man's land in World War I It seems so natural to share the kicking of a
ball, and the basic structure of the game is amazingly simple: two oppasing sides attempt to
push a spherical object into the other's goal. Played informally, football has great flexibility,
with no set number of players, no particular type of pitch and no essential equipment except
something to kick and something to define the goal mouth.

Anthropologists have explained people's universal and enduring fascination with football as
being a replacement and compensation for the hunter-gatherer instincts which have no
outlet in the 21st century. It is a substitute for the quest, combining the necessary elements
of a group of people, adrenalin and the prospect of reward the holy grail of wirining the cup.
Many ancient civilisations-China, Japan, Greece and Rorne - all had equivalents of the
game, which they exported, as did the British, to parts of their far-flung empires

Documentary evidence dates football back to 1175 in England, when Shrove Tuesday,
immediately before the beginning of Lent and abstinence, was the big day in the footballing
calendar. During the 1830s, matches were becoming nothing better than

a series of punch-ups, so they were stamped out

30

briefly By 1863, the Football Assation had been set up in London between 11 clutis after a
meeting at Cambridge University to agree s set of rules. The people who attended the
meeting were physical education teachers from famous public schools and 'old boys' who
had continued to play the game after leaving school By the 1870s, the game had become
professional, and international fixtures were being arranged with countries in South America
and hong an Europe. This is the ongin of the modem

World Cup, following the evolution of FIFA as an international football organisation, and live
radio coverage, which became possible in 1927 No other single sport has brought together
nations and individuals so much or provided more

pleasure over a longer period of time. Football has also, however, given the world things it
would be auch better without nots, vandalism, hooligansım and tribalism. More recently, it's
become a vehicle for an upsurge in nationalism, racism and fascism, the full consequences
of which are still fearfully awaited. It's been taken over by the mass media, huge sums of
money are involved in advertising, sponsorship. transfer fees, merchandise and
broadcasting rights. It's turned into soap opera, with players (and their families) treated as
idols and celebrities - rather than mere mortals with skilful feet - and deprived of a private life
by the feeding-frenzied tabloid sharks. Highlight the relevant points in Passage A and write a
summary of the history of football, using your own words as far as possible.

Show drafts

Summary of the History of Football


Football, a universally popular sport, has a long and complex history. Its origins can be
traced back to ancient civilizations like China, Japan, Greece, and Rome. In England, the
game's popularity surged during the 12th century, coinciding with Shrove Tuesday
celebrations. However, the sport's early days were marred by violence and disorder.

The 19th century marked a significant turning point for football. The establishment of the
Football Association in 1863 formalized the rules and regulations of the game, leading to its
professionalization and expansion to international levels. The creation of FIFA, the governing
body of international football, paved the way for the inception of the World Cup.

While football has brought immense joy and unity to people worldwide, it has also faced
challenges. Issues such as hooliganism, vandalism, and tribalism have tarnished the sport's
image. More recently, football has become entangled with nationalism, racism, and fascism.
The commercialization of the sport through mass media, advertising, and sponsorship has
also raised concerns about the exploitation of players and the erosion of the game's core
values.

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