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UNIVERSITY OF GHANA

GBEWAA COLLEGE OF EDUCATION


DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS/ICT
END OF FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION
UGTE 102-INTRODUCTION TO ICT MARKING SCHEME
DURATION: 2 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS: This paper consists of two sections; Section A and Section B.
SECTION A (25 Marks)
Answer all Questions in this Section
1. The processing unit consists of Register, ALU and …………….
a) Control Unit
b) System Unit
c) RAM
d) Hard disk
2. Which of these is not an input device?
a) Bar code reader
b) Light pen
c) Printer
d) Scanner
3. All of these are the functions of the operating system EXCEPT…
a) Control usage of hardware
b) Manages the processor
c) Responsible for booting the computer
d) Serves as the end user software
4. In order for a computer to understand a program, it must be converted into
machine language by a (n)__________.
[a)] Devic eDefine and give example of each of the following
[b)]
[c)] Locomotor movement
[d)] Non locomotor movement
[e)]
Manipulative movementWelcome to Gboard clipboard, any text you copy will be saved here.
driver
a)[f)] Language translator
INTRO TO ICT- INTERIM ASSESSMENT 1Page 1
b)[g)] Operating system
c)[h)] Utility
5. Software that allows your computer to interact with the user, applications, and
hardware is called
a. application software
b. database software
c. system software
d. word processor
6. Which key will you press to remove text from the right side of the insertion point?
a) Back space
b) Delete
c) Escape
d) Spacebar
7. What action occurs when you triple-click a word in a paragraph of text?
a) The word is highlighted
b) The first sentence in the paragraph is highlighted
c) The whole paragraph is highlighted
d) All the text in the document is highlighted
8. What is the name given to the feature that allows the insertion point to
automatically move to the next line while typing?
a) Paragraph wrap
b) Sentence wrap
c) Text wrap
d) Word wrap
9. When you want to switch between “ALL CAPS” and “SMALL CAPS” you can
use the …………………function
a) Change case
b) Increase font
c) Reduce font
d) Text effect
10. To list items in Ms.Word that indicate hierarchy, it is better to use …..
a) Bullets
b) Check marks
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c) Dots
d) Numbering
11. Pen drive/flash drive is an example of ……………device
a) Input
b) Output
c) Processing
d) Storage
12. Specialized programs that allow particular input or output devices to
communicate with the rest of the computer system are called
a) Device drivers
b) Language translators
c) Operating systems
d) Utilities
13. __________ refers to a computer’s ability to run more than one application at
the same time.
a) multitasking
b) operating system
c) parallel computing
d) serial computing
14. Which topology requires a central controller or hub?
a) Bus
b) Mesh
c) Ring
d) Star
15. What is a Patent?
a) An agreement to the Government
b) An agreement between the inventor and the Government
c) Document of the library
d) all the above
16. The following are positive impacts of technology on society except __________
a) Improved communications
b) Improved transportation
c) Increased population
d) Mechanized agriculture

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17. When a Person is Harassed Repeatedly by being followed, called or be written
to they are a target of:
a) Bullying
b) Identity Theft
c) Phishing
d) Stalking
18. It is a feature of the spreadsheet window that displays the name of the active cell
a) Cell
b) Formula Bar
c) Name Box
d) Ribbon
19. Advantages of using Spreadsheet are the user can quickly
A. Change, correct and update the data in spreadsheet.
B. Edit and format data
C. Perform calculations
D. All the above
20. By default, the name assigned as the title of a new Ms Excel window is referred to
as
a) Book 1
b) Document 1
c) Presentation 1
d) Untitled window
21. …………………………………………is a set of program containing instructions
that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware
resources.
Operating System
22. A computer bxxgtgsystem processes facts known as ………………………and
after processing, it becomes …………………………………
Data and Information
23. Software is divided into two broad categories. They are ………………………and
………………………………………software

INTRO TO ICT- INTERIM ASSESSMENT 1Page 4


System Software and Application Software
24. A ________ is a set of rules that governs data communication.
Protocol
25. Small pictures on the desktop that represent objects and non-objects are called…
The icons

SECTION B (75 MARKS)


Answer only three (3) questions from this Section. Each question carries 25
Marks
1. a) Briefly explain Information literacy (4 Marks)
Information literacy is the ability to know when there is need for information,
identify, locate and evaluate information and effectively use skills that information
for the issue or problem at hand. OR
The level of skills, competencies, knowledge and expertise that one has in
identifying the need for information, search, locate and effectively use that
information for the problem at stake gvt
b) Outline four (4) reasons why one must be computer literate (8 Marks)
Reasons why one must be computer literate
1. ICT is a subject taught in schools which demands computer skills.
2. Computers are used in teaching and learning.
3. It is an integral part of the educational system and the trainee teacher needs it in
other to function effectively.
4. Computers are used in schools for many applications such as in writing report
or research especially on the internet to search for information.
c) What is meant by ICT affordance? (4 Marks)
In ICT, the term Affordance is used in the context of the possibilities that
technology can offer to users (Wallace, 2004).
It does not only depends on what technology can offer to its user, but also on the
possible actions that users can carry out with such technology (Webb,2005).
d) Briefly explain the three major affordances of ICT (9 Marks)

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1. Efficiency as an affordance of ICT
ICT offers us with more efficient use as they provide a faster, cheaper, fewer
Steps, less people and less paper work in our day to day activities
2. Effectiveness as an affordance of ICT
In terms of effectiveness; ICTs ensure that tasks are achieved within time, provide
fewer errors, and leaves room for enhancements in virtually every sphere of life.
3. Innovation as an affordance of ICTs
Innovation involves new ways of doing things. ICTs through innovations have
brought about new products new Technologies in all facets of our National
development including education.
2. a) List five (5) ways in which ICT has helped transform the teaching and
learning process. (5Marks)
1. Active learning
2. Collaborative learning
3. Creative Learning
4. Integrative learning
5. Evaluative learning

b) Describe how any four (4) of the ways listed in 2a) above can help
transform the teaching and learning process
(20Marks)
1. Active learning: ICT-enhanced learning provides a platform for student inquiry,
analysis and construction of new information. Learners therefore learn as they do
and, whenever appropriate, work on real-life problems in-depth, making learning
less abstract and more relevant to the learner’s life situation. In this way, and in
contrast to memorization-based or rote learning, ICT-enhanced learning promotes
increased learner engagement. ICT-enhanced learning is also “just-in-time”
learning in which learners can choose what to learn when they need to learn it.
2. Collaborative learning: ICT-supported learning encourages interaction and
cooperation among students, teachers, and experts regardless of where they are.
Apart from modeling real-world interactions, ICT-supported learning provides

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learners the opportunity to work with people from different cultures, thereby
helping to enhance learners’ teaming and communicative skills as well as their
global awareness. It models learning done throughout the learner’s lifetime by
expanding the learning space to include not just peers but also mentors and
experts from different fields.
3. Creative Learning: ICT-supported learning promotes the manipulation of
existing information and the creation of real-world products rather than the
regurgitation of received information.
4. Integrative learning: ICT-enhanced learning promotes a thematic, integrative
approach to teaching and learning. This approach eliminates the artificial
separation between the different disciplines and between theory and practice that
characterizes the traditional classroom approach. Therefore, the learner is able to
understand concepts from a broader perspective, rather than just a narrow
discipline.
5. Evaluative learning: ICT-enhanced learning is student-directed and diagnostic.
Unlike static text or print-based educational technologies, ICT-enhanced learning
recognizes that there are many different learning pathways and many different
articulations of knowledge. ICTs allow learners to explore and discover rather
than merely listen and remember.

3. a) Explain the Machine Cycle in relation to the CPU Operation. (5 Marks)


The machine cycle also called the processor cycle is the basic operation performed
by the Central Processing Unit (CPU). For every instruction, processor repeats a set
of four basic operations, which comprise a machine cycle. 1) Fetching, (2)
decoding, (3) executing, and, (4) storing
Fetching is the process of obtaining a program instruction or data item from
memory.
The term decoding refers to the process of translating the instruction into signals the
computer can execute. Executing is the process of carrying out the commands.
Storing, in this context, means writing the result to memory (not to storage
medium).

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b. With the aid of a diagram, briefly explain each of the following concepts in
networking (20 Marks)

i) Bus topology
ii) Ring topology
iii) Star topology
iv) Mesh topology
i) Bus Topology

In the bus network topology, every workstation is connected to a main cable called
the bus. Therefore, in effect, each workstation is directly connected to every other
workstation in the network through the Bus or Backbone/Main cable.

ii) Ring Topology

In the ring network topology, the nodes are connected in a closed loop con-
figuration. Adjacent pairs of nodes are directly connected.

iii) Star Topology

In the star network topology, there is a central device or server to which all the
workstations are directly connected. Every node is connected to the central device.

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iv) Mesh Topology

The mesh network topology employs either of two schemes, called full mesh and
partial mesh. In the full mesh topology, each workstation is connected directly to each
of the others. In the partial mesh topology, some workstations are connected to all the
others, and some are connected only to those other nodes with which they exchange
the most data.

4a) Describe the Information processing cycle (10 marks)


Information processing cycle is a sequence of events consisting of Input, Processing,
Storage and Output. For a computer to perform useful work, the computer has to receive
instructions and data from the outside world. The computer receives data and instructions
during the input stage of the information processing cycle. Useful information results are
obtained when appropriate manipulations are applied to data. Manipulating the data takes
place during the processing stage of the information processing cycle. To avoid having to
re-enter data and instructions or reprocess information, computers can save information.
Saving information on a computer occurs during the storage phase of the information
processing cycle. This is followed by sending the result to people in usable format in the
output stage.

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b) Explain the term Application software and identify five examples of Application
software. (10 marks)

An Application Software (app or application for short) is a computer program designed to


perform a group of coordinated functions, tasks, or activities for the benefit of the user.
Examples of application software include a word processor, a spreadsheet, an accounting
application, a web browser, a media player, an aeronautical flight simulator, a console
game or a photo editor
c) List five (5) examples of output devices. (5marks)
Examples of output devices include Monitors, Printers, Plotters, Projectors, Speakers,
Headphones, Braille embosser

5. Use the spreadsheet below to answer the questions that follow;

a) Provide a formula for calculating the cost involved in buying 5 Monitors. (5


Marks)
=B4*C4
b) Write down a function for finding an item with the highest unit price. . (5 Marks)
=MAX (B2:B6)
c) Provide a formula for finding the total cost required to purchase all items. (5
Marks)
=SUM (D2:D6) OR =D2+D3+D4+D5+D6

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d) Write down the function to count the number of items with quantity greater than
5. (5 Marks)
=COUNTIF (C2:C6,”>5”)
e) What is the name of the active cell in the spreadsheet? (5 Marks)
C2

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