Param (

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false,HelpMessage="Skip confirmation")][bool]$SkipConfirmation=$false,

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,HelpMessage="Path to backup old WinRE partition content to")][string]

$BackupFolder

# ------------------------------------

# Helper functions

# ------------------------------------

# Log message

function LogMessage([string]$message)

$message = "$message"

Write-Host $message

# Extract numbers from string

function ExtractNumbers([string]$str)

$cleanString = $str -replace "[^0-9]"

return [long]$cleanString

# Display partition info using fsutil

# Return an array, the first value is total size and the second value is free space

function DisplayPartitionInfo([string[]]$partitionPath)

$volume = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Volume | Where-Object { $partitionPath -contains

$_.DeviceID }
 LogMessage(" Partition capacity: " + $volume.Capacity)

LogMessage(" Partition free space: " + $volume.FreeSpace)

return $volume.Capacity, $volume.FreeSpace

# Display WinRE status

function DisplayWinREStatus()

# Get WinRE partition info

$WinREInfo = Reagentc /info

foreach ($line in $WinREInfo)

$params = $line.Split(':')

if ($params.Count -lt 2)

continue

if (($params[1].Trim() -ieq "Enabled") -Or (($params[1].Trim() -ieq "Disabled")))

$Status = $params[1].Trim() -ieq "Enabled"

LogMessage($line.Trim())

if ($params[1].Trim() -like "\\?\GLOBALROOT*")

$Location = $params[1].Trim()

LogMessage($line.Trim())
 }

return $Status, $Location

# ------------------------------------

# Main execution

# ------------------------------------

# Clear the error

$Error.Clear()

# ------------------------------------

# Examining the system to collect required info

# for the execution

# Need to check WinRE status, collect OS and WinRE

# partition info

# ------------------------------------

LogMessage("Start time: $([DateTime]::Now)")

LogMessage("Examining the system...")

$NeedShrink = $true

$NeedCreateNew = $false

$NeedBackup = $false

# Get WinRE partition info

$InitialWinREStatus = DisplayWinREStatus

$WinREStatus = $InitialWinREStatus[0]

$WinRELocation = $InitialWinREStatus[1]
if (!$WinREStatus)

LogMessage("Error: WinRE Disabled")

exit 1

# Get System directory and ReAgent xml file

$system32Path = [System.Environment]::SystemDirectory

LogMessage("System directory: " + $system32Path)

$ReAgentXmlPath = Join-Path -Path $system32Path -ChildPath "\Recovery\ReAgent.xml"

LogMessage("ReAgent xml: " + $ReAgentXmlPath)

if (!(Test-Path $ReAgentXmlPath))

LogMessage("Error: ReAgent.xml cannot be found")

exit 1

# Get OS partition

LogMessage("")

LogMessage("Collecting OS and WinRE partition info...")

$OSDrive = $system32Path.Substring(0,1)

$OSPartition = Get-Partition -DriveLetter $OSDrive

# Get WinRE partition

$WinRELocationItems = $WinRELocation.Split('\\')

foreach ($item in $WinRELocationItems)

if ($item -like "harddisk*")

 {

$OSDiskIndex = ExtractNumbers($item)

if ($item -like "partition*")

$WinREPartitionIndex = ExtractNumbers($item)

LogMessage("OS Disk: " + $OSDiskIndex)

LogMessage("OS Partition: " + $OSPartition.PartitionNumber)

LogMessage("WinRE Partition: " + $WinREPartitionIndex)

$WinREPartition = Get-Partition -DiskNumber $OSDiskIndex -PartitionNumber $WinREPartitionIndex

$diskInfo = Get-Disk -number $OSDiskIndex

$diskType = $diskInfo.PartitionStyle

LogMessage("Disk PartitionStyle: " + $diskType)

# Display WinRE partition size info

LogMessage("WinRE partition size info")

$WinREPartitionSizeInfo = DisplayPartitionInfo($WinREPartition.AccessPaths)

LogMessage("WinRE Partition Offset: " + $WinREPartition.Offset)

LogMessage("WinRE Partition Type: " + $WinREPartition.Type)

LogMessage("OS partition size: " + $OSPartition.Size)

LogMessage("OS partition Offset: " + $OSPartition.Offset)

$OSPartitionEnds = $OSPartition.Offset + $OSPartition.Size

LogMessage("OS partition ends at: " + $OSPartitionEnds)

LogMessage("WinRE partition starts at: " + $WinREPartition.Offset)

$WinREIsOnSystemPartition = $false

if ($diskType -ieq "MBR")

if ($WinREPartition.IsActive)

LogMessage("WinRE is on System partition")

$WinREIsOnSystemPartition = $true

if ($diskType -ieq "GPT")

if ($WinREPartition.Type -ieq "System")

LogMessage("WinRE is on System partition")

$WinREIsOnSystemPartition = $true

# Checking the BackupFolder parameter

if ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('BackupFolder'))

LogMessage("")

LogMessage("Backup Directory: [" + $BackupFolder + "]")

$Needbackup = $true
 if ($WinREIsOnSystemPartition)

$Needbackup = $false

LogMessage("WinRE is on System partition which will be preserved. No need to backup

content")

else

if (Test-path $BackupFolder)

$items = Get-ChildItem -Path $BackupFolder

if ($items)

LogMessage("Error: Existing backup directory is not empty")

exit 1

else

LogMessage("Creating backup directory...")

try

$item = New-Item -Path $BackupFolder -ItemType Directory -ErrorAction

Stop

if ($item)

{
 LogMessage("Backup directory created")

else

LogMessage("Error: Failed to create backup directory [" +

$BackupFolder + "]")

exit 1

} catch

LogMessage("Error: An error occurred: $_")

exit 1

# ------------------------------------

# Verify whether we meet requirements of execution

# - WinRE cannot be on OS partition for the extension

# - WinRE partition must be the next partition after OS partition

# - If WinRE partition already have >=500MB free space, no need to do repartition

# - If there is enough unallocated space to grow the WinRE partition size, skip shrinking OS

# However, if the WinRE partition is before the OS partition, there is no chance to extend it

# As a result, it's better to create a new WinRE partition after the OS partition

# ------------------------------------
# Perform a few checks

LogMessage("")

LogMessage("Verifying if the WinRE partition needs to be extended or not...")

if (!(($diskType -ieq "MBR") -Or ($diskType -ieq "GPT")))

LogMessage("Error: Got an unexpected disk partition style: " +$diskType)

exit 1

# WinRE partition must be after OS partition for the repartition

if ($WinREPartitionIndex -eq $OSPartition.PartitionNumber)

LogMessage("WinRE and OS are on the same partition, should not perform extension")

exit 0

$supportedSize = Get-PartitionSupportedSize -DriveLetter $OSDrive

# if there is enough free space, skip extension

if ($WinREPartitionSizeInfo[1] -ge 500MB)

LogMessage("More than 500 MB of free space was detected in the WinRE partition, there is no
need to extend the partition")

exit 0

if ($WinREPartition.Offset -lt $OSPartitionEnds)

LogMessage("WinRE partition is not after OS partition, cannot perform extension")

LogMessage("Need to create a new WinRE partition after OS partition")

 $NeedCreateNew = $true

$NeedShrink = $true

# Calculate the size of repartition

# Will create a new WinRE partition with current WinRE partition size + 500 MB

# The OS partition size will be shrunk by the new WinRE partition size

$targetWinREPartitionSize = $WinREPartitionSizeInfo[0] + 500MB

$shrinkSize = [Math]::Ceiling($targetWinREPartitionSize / 1MB) * 1MB

$targetOSPartitionSize = $OSPartition.Size - $shrinkSize

if ($targetOSPartitionSize -lt $supportedSize.SizeMin)

LogMessage("Error: The target OS partition size after shrinking is smaller than the
supported minimum size, cannot perform the repartition")

exit 1

else

if ($WinREIsOnSystemPartition)

LogMessage("WinRE parititon is after the OS partition and it's also System partition")

LogMessage("Error: Got unexpected disk layout, cannot proceed")

exit 1

if (!($WinREPartitionIndex -eq ($OSPartition.PartitionNumber + 1)))

{
 LogMessage("Error: WinRE partition is not right after the OS partition, cannot extend
WinRE partition")

exit 1

# Calculate the size of repartition

# Will shrink OS partitition by 500 MB

$shrinkSize = 500MB

$targetOSPartitionSize = $OSPartition.Size - $shrinkSize

$targetWinREPartitionSize = $WinREPartitionSizeInfo[0] + 500MB

$UnallocatedSpace = $WinREPartition.Offset - $OSPartitionEnds;

# If there is unallocated space, consider using it

if ($UnallocatedSpace -ge 500MB)

$UnallocatedSpace = $WinREPartition.Offset - $OSPartitionEnds;

LogMessage("Found unallocated space between OS and WinRE partition: " +

$UnallocatedSpace)

LogMessage("There is already enough space to extend WinRE partition without

shrinking the OS partition")

$NeedShrink = $false

$targetOSPartitionSize = 0

else

$shrinkSize = [Math]::Ceiling((500MB - $UnallocatedSpace)/ 1MB) * 1MB

if ($shrinkSize > 500MB)

$shrinkSize = 500MB
 }

$targetOSPartitionSize = $OSPartition.Size - $shrinkSize

if ($targetOSPartitionSize -lt $supportedSize.SizeMin)

LogMessage("Error: The target OS partition size after shrinking is smaller than

the supported minimum size, cannot perform the repartition")

exit 1

# ------------------------------------

# Report execution plan and ask for user confirmation to continue

# ------------------------------------

# Report the changes planned to be executed, waiting for user confirmation

LogMessage("")

LogMessage("Summary of proposed changes")

if ($NeedCreateNew)

LogMessage("Note: WinRE partition is before OS partition, need to create a new WinRE partition
after OS partition")

LogMessage("Will shrink OS partition by " + $shrinkSize)

LogMessage(" Current OS partition size: " + $OSPartition.Size)

LogMessage(" Target OS partition size after shrinking: " + $targetOSPartitionSize)

LogMessage("New WinRE partition will be created with size: ", $targetWinREPartitionSize)

if ($WinREIsOnSystemPartition)

{
 LogMessage("Existing WinRE partition is also system partition, it will be preserved")

else

LogMessage("Existing WinRE partition will be deleted")

LogMessage(" WinRE partition: Disk [" + $OSDiskIndex + "] Partition [" +

$WinREPartitionIndex + "]")

LogMessage(" Current WinRE partition size: " + $WinREPartitionSizeInfo[0])

else

if ($NeedShrink)

LogMessage("Will shrink OS partition by " + $shrinkSize)

LogMessage(" Current OS partition size: " + $OSPartition.Size)

LogMessage(" Target OS partition size after shrinking: " + $targetOSPartitionSize)

if ($UnallocatedSpace -ge 0)

LogMessage("Unallocated space between OS and WinRE partition that will be

used towards the new WinRE partition: " + $UnallocatedSpace)

else

LogMessage("Will use 500MB from unallocated space between OS and WinRE

partition")
 }

LogMessage("Will extend WinRE partition size by 500MB")

LogMessage(" WinRE partition: Disk [" + $OSDiskIndex + "] Partition [" + $WinREPartitionIndex +
"]")

LogMessage(" Current WinRE partition size: " + $WinREPartitionSizeInfo[0])

LogMessage(" New WinRE partition size: " + $targetWinREPartitionSize)

LogMessage("WinRE will be temporarily disabled before extending the WinRE partition and
enabled automatically in the end")

if ($UnallocatedSpace -ge 100MB)

LogMessage("Warning: More than 100MB of unallocated space was detected between

the OS and WinRE partitions")

LogMessage("Would you like to proceed by using the unallocated space between the OS
and the WinRE partitions?")

if ($Needbackup)

LogMessage("")

LogMessage("The contents of the old WinRE partition will be backed up to [" + $BackupFolder +
"]")

LogMessage("")

LogMessage("Please reboot the device before running this script to ensure any pending partition actions
are finalized")

LogMessage("")

if ($SkipConfirmation)

{
 LogMessage("User chose to skip confirmation")

LogMessage("Proceeding with changes...")

else

$userInput = Read-Host -Prompt "Would you like to proceed? Y for Yes and N for No"

if ($userInput -ieq "Y")

LogMessage("Proceeding with changes...")

elseif ($userInput -ieq "N")

LogMessage("Canceling based on user request, no changes were made to the system")

exit 0

else

LogMessage("Error: Unexpected user input: [" + $userInput + "]")

exit 0

LogMessage("")

LogMessage("Note: To prevent unexpected results, please do not interrupt the execution or restart your
system")

# ------------------------------------
# Do the actual execution

# The main flow is:

# 1. Check whether ReAgent.xml has stage location and clear it for repartiion

# 2. Disable WinRE as WinRE partition will be deleted

# 3. Perform the repartition to create a larger WinRE partition

# 4. Re-enable WinRE

# ------------------------------------

LogMessage("")

# Load ReAgent.xml to clear Stage location

LogMessage("Loading [" + $ReAgentXmlPath + "] ...")

$xml = [xml](Get-Content -Path $ReAgentXmlPath)

$node = $xml.WindowsRE.ImageLocation

if (($node.path -eq "") -And ($node.guid -eq "{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}") -And

($node.offset -eq "0") -And ($node.id -eq "0"))

LogMessage("Stage location info is empty")

else

LogMessage("Clearing stage location info...")

$node.path = ""

$node.offset = "0"

$node.guid= "{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}"

$node.id="0"

# Save the change

LogMessage("Saving changes to [" + $ReAgentXmlPath + "]...")

 $xml.Save($ReAgentXmlPath)

# Disable WinRE

LogMessage("Disabling WinRE...")

reagentc /disable

if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))

LogMessage("Warning: encountered an error when disabling WinRE: " + $LASTEXITCODE)

exit $LASTEXITCODE

# Verify WinRE is under C:\Windows\System32\Recovery\WinRE.wim

$disableWinREPath = Join-Path -Path $system32Path -ChildPath "\Recovery\WinRE.wim"

LogMessage("Verifying that WinRE wim exists in downlevel at default location")

if (!(Test-Path $disableWinREPath))

LogMessage("Error: Cannot find " + $disableWinREPath)

# Re-enable WinRE

LogMessage("Re-enabling WinRE on error...")

reagentc /enable

if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))

LogMessage("Warning: encountered an error when enabling WinRE: " +

$LASTEXITCODE)

exit 1
}

# ------------------------------------

# Perform the repartition

# 1. Resize the OS partition

# 2. Delete the WinRE partition

# 3. Create a new WinRE partition

# ------------------------------------

LogMessage("Performing repartition to extend the WinRE partition ...")

# 1. Resize the OS partition

if ($NeedShrink)

LogMessage("Shrinking the OS partition to create a larger WinRE partition")

LogMessage("Resizing the OS partition to: [" + $targetOSPartitionSize + "]...")

Resize-Partition -DriveLetter $OSDrive -Size $targetOSPartitionSize

if ($Error.Count -gt 0) {

LogMessage("Error: Resize-Partition encountered errors: " +

$Error[0].Exception.Message)

# Re-enable WinRE

LogMessage("Re-enabling WinRE on error...")

reagentc /enable

if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))

LogMessage("Warning: encountered an error when enabling WinRE: " +

$LASTEXITCODE)

}
 exit 1

$OSPartitionAfterShrink = Get-Partition -DriveLetter $OSDrive

LogMessage("Target partition size: " + $targetOSPartitionSize)

LogMessage("Size of OS partition after shrinking: " + $OSPartitionAfterShrink.Size)

# 2. Delete the WinRE partition

LogMessage("")

if ($WinREIsOnSystemPartition)

LogMessage("Existing WinRE partition is System partition, skipping deletion")

else

# If requested by user, backup rest of the content on WinRE partition to backup directory

if ($Needbackup)

$sourcePath = $WinREPartition.AccessPaths[0]

LogMessage("Copying content on WinRE partition from [" + $sourcePath + "] to [" +

$BackupFolder + "]...")

# Copy-Item may have access issue with certain system folders, enumerate the children
items and exlcude them

$items = Get-ChildItem -LiteralPath $sourcePath -Force

foreach ($item in $items)

{
 if ($item.Name -ieq "System Volume Information")

continue

$sourceItemPath = Join-Path -Path $sourcePath -ChildPath $item.Name

$destItemPath = Join-Path -Path $BackupFolder -ChildPath $item.Name

try

LogMessage("Copying [" + $sourceItemPath + "] to [" + $destItemPath +

"]...")

Copy-Item -LiteralPath $sourceItemPath -Destination $destItemPath -

Recurse -Force

} catch

LogMessage("Error: An error occurred during copy: $_")

exit 1

LogMessage("Backup completed")

LogMessage("")

LogMessage("Deleting WinRE partition: Disk [" + $OSDiskIndex + "] Partition [" +

$WinREPartitionIndex + "]...")

Remove-Partition -DiskNumber $OSDiskIndex -PartitionNumber $WinREPartitionIndex -Confirm:

$false

if ($Error.Count -gt 0) {
 LogMessage("Error: Remove-Partition encountered errors: " +
$Error[0].Exception.Message)

exit 1

# A short sleep for the partition change

Sleep 5

# 3. Create a new WinRE partition

LogMessage("")

LogMessage("Creating new WinRE partition...")

LogMessage("Target size: " + $targetWinREPartitionSize)

if ($diskType -ieq "GPT")

$partition = New-Partition -DiskNumber $OSDiskIndex -Size $targetWinREPartitionSize -GptType

"{de94bba4-06d1-4d40-a16a-bfd50179d6ac}"

$newPartitionIndex = $partition.PartitionNumber

# A short sleep to make sure the partition is ready for formatting

Sleep 2

LogMessage("Formating the partition...")

$result = Format-Volume -Partition $partition -FileSystem NTFS -Confirm:$false

if ($Error.Count -gt 0) {

LogMessage("Error: Format-Volume encountered errors: " +

$Error[0].Exception.Message)

exit 1

}
else

#$partition = New-Partition -DiskNumber $OSDiskIndex -Size $targetWinREPartitionSize -

MbrType 0x27

$targetWinREPartitionSizeInMb = [int]($targetWinREPartitionSize/1MB)

$diskpartScript =

@"

select disk $OSDiskIndex

create partition primary size=$targetWinREPartitionSizeInMb id=27

format quick fs=ntfs label="Recovery"

set id=27

"@

$TempPath = $env:Temp

$diskpartSciptFile = Join-Path -Path $TempPath -ChildPath "\

ExtendWinRE_MBR_PowershellScript.txt"

LogMessage("Creating temporary diskpart script to create Recovery partition on MBR disk...")

LogMessage("Temporary diskpart script file: " + $diskpartSciptFile)

$diskpartScript | Out-File -FilePath $diskpartSciptFile -Encoding ascii

LogMessage("Executing diskpart script...")

try

$diskpartOutput = diskpart /s $diskpartSciptFile

if ($diskpartOutput -match "DiskPart successfully")

 {

LogMessage("Diskpart script executed successfully")

else

LogMessage("Error executing diskpart script:" + $diskpartOutput)

exit 1

LogMessage("Deleting temporary diskpart script file...")

Remove-Item $diskpartSciptFile

catch

LogMessage("Error executing diskpart script: $_")

exit 1

$vol = Get-Volume -FileSystemLabel "Recovery"

$newPartitionIndex = (Get-Partition | Where-Object { $_.AccessPaths -contains

$vol.Path } ).PartitionNumber

if ($Error.Count -gt 0)

LogMessage("Error: New-Partition encountered errors: " + $Error[0].Exception.Message)

exit 1

}
LogMessage("New Partition index: " + $newPartitionIndex)

# Re-enable WinRE

LogMessage("Re-enabling WinRE...")

reagentc /enable

if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))

LogMessage("Warning: encountered an error when enabling WinRE: " + $LASTEXITCODE)

exit $LASTEXITCODE

# In the end, Display WinRE status to verify WinRE is enabled correctly

LogMessage("")

LogMessage("WinRE Information:")

$FinalWinREStatus = DisplayWinREStatus

$WinREStatus = $FinalWinREStatus[0]

$WinRELocation = $FinalWinREStatus[1]

if (!$WinREStatus)

LogMessage("Warning: WinRE Disabled")

$WinRELocationItems = $WinRELocation.Split('\\')

foreach ($item in $WinRELocationItems)

if ($item -like "partition*")

$WinREPartitionIndex = ExtractNumbers($item)
 }

LogMessage("WinRE Partition Index: " + $WinREPartitionIndex)

$WinREPartition = Get-Partition -DiskNumber $OSDiskIndex -PartitionNumber $WinREPartitionIndex

$WinREPartitionSizeInfoAfter = DisplayPartitionInfo($WinREPartition.AccessPaths)

LogMessage("")

LogMessage("OS Information:")

$OSPartition = Get-Partition -DriveLetter $OSDrive

LogMessage("OS partition size: " + $OSPartition.Size)

LogMessage("OS partition Offset: " + $OSPartition.Offset)

if (!($WinREPartitionIndex -eq $newPartitionIndex))

LogMessage("Warning: WinRE is installed to partition [" + $WinREPartitionIndex +"], but the

newly created Recovery partition is [" + $newPartitionIndex + "]")

LogMessage("End time: $([DateTime]::Now)")

if ($NeedBackup)

LogMessage("")

LogMessage("The contents of the old WinRE partition has been backed up to [" + $BackupFolder
+ "]")

LogMessage("")

LogMessage("Successfully completed the operation")