Heat Exchangers First Semester 2020/ 2021

Sheet No.2
1.a. Define the following heat exchanger terminology:
sensible heat exchanger – recuperative heat exchanger – regenerative heat exchanger.
1.b. Explain the common types of shell and tube exchangers?
1.c. Mention the advantages and disadvantages of compact heat exchangers?
2. In a counter flow double pipe heat exchanger, oil is cooled from 85˚C to 55˚C by water entering at
25˚C. The mass flow rate of oil is 9,800 kg/h and specific heat f oil is 2000 J/kg K. The mass flow rate of
water is 8,000 kg/h and specific heat of water is 4180 J/kg K. Determine the heat exchanger area and
heat transfer rate for an overall heat transfer co-efficient of 280 W/m2 K

3. Water flows at the rate of 65 kg/min through a double pipe, counter flow heat exchanger. Water is
heated from 50˚C to 75˚C by oil flowing through the tube. The specific heat of the oil is 1.780 kJ/kg K.
The oil enters at 115˚C and leaves at 70˚C. The overall heat transfer co-efficient is 340 W/m2K.
Calculate the following:
a. Heat exchanger area b. Rate of heat transfer
4. In a counter flow single pass heat exchanger is used to cool the engine oil from 150˚C to 55˚C with
water, available at 23˚C as the cooling medium. The specific heat of oil is 2125 J/kg K. The flow rate of
cooling water through the inner tube of 0.4 m diameter is 2.2 kg/s. The flow rate of oil through the outer
tube of 0.75 m diameter is 2.4 kg/s. If the value of the overall heat transfer co-efficient is 240 W/m 2 K,
how long must the heat exchanger be to meet its cooling requirement?

5. In an oil cooler for a lubrication system, oil is cooled from 70˚C to 40˚C by using a cooling water flow at
25˚C. The mass flow rate of oil is 900 kg/h and the mass flow rate of water is 700 kg/h. Give your choice
for a parallel flow or counter flow heat exchanger, with reasons. If the overall heat transfers co-efficient
is 20 W/m2K, find the area of the heat exchanger. Take specific heat of oil is 2 kJ/ kg˚C.

6. In a parallel flow heat exchanger water flows through the inner pipe and is heated from 25°C to 75°C.
Oil flowing through the annulus is cooled from 210°C to 110°C. It is desired to cool the oil to a lower
temperature by increasing the length of the tube. Estimate the minimum temperature to which the oil
can be cooled.

7. Water at the rate of 1.5 kg/s IS heated from 30°C to 70°C by an oil (specific heat 1.95 kJ/kg C). Oil
enters the exchanger at 120°C and leaves the exchanger at 80°C. If the overall heat transfer coefficient
remains constant at 350 W /m2°C, calculate the heat exchange area for (i) parallel-flow, (ii) counter-
flow

8. A counter- flow double- pipe heat exchanger shown in Fig.1 is to heat water from 20 oC to 80oC at a rate
of 1.2 kg/s. The heating is accomplished by geothermal water available at 160 oC at a mass flow rate of 2
kg/s. The inner tube is thin – walled and has a diameter of 1.5 cm. If the overall heat transfer coefficient
of the heat exchanger is 640 W / m 2.oC, determine the length of the heat exchanger required to achieve
the desired heating. Take cp for water and geothermal fluid 4.18 & 4.31 k J/kg. C respectively [Assume
steady operating exit and constant fluid properties].

Fig.1
Heat Exchangers First Semester 2020/ 2021
Model Answer of Sheet No.2
Solution 2:
Given:
Hot fluid – oil, Cold fluid - water ------------------------ --
)T1, T2) (t1, t2) Water
----------------------- -
Entry temperature of oil, T1 = 85˚C Oil
------------------------- -
Exit temperature of oil, T2 = 55˚C Water
------------------------- -
Mass flow rate of oil (Hot fluid), mh = 9,800 kg/h
= 9,800 /3600 kg / s = 2.72 kg/s
Specific heat of oil, Cph = 2000 J/kg K
Mass flow rate of water (cold fluid), mc = 8,000 kg/h
= 8,000 / 3600 kg / s = 2.22 kg/s
Specific heat of water, Cpc = 4180 J/kg K
Overall heat transfer co-efficient, U = 280 W/ m2K
Heat lost by oil (Hot fluid) = Heat gained by water (cold fluid)
Qh = Qc

.Solution 3
:Given
Hot fluid – oil, Cold fluid - water
(T1, T2) (t1, t2)
Mass flow rate of oil (cold fluid), mc = 65 kg/min
 65/60 kg / s = 1.08 kg/s
Entry temperature of water, t1 = 50˚C
Exit temperature of water, t2 = 75˚C
Specific heat of oil (Hot fluid) Cph = 1.780 kJ/kg K
= 1.780103 J/m2K
Entry temperature of oil, T1 = 115˚C
Exit temperature of oil, T2 = 70˚C
Overall heat transfer co-efficient, U = 340 W/m2K
To find:
1. Heat exchanger area, (A)
2. Heat transfer rate, (Q)
We know that,

Specific heat of water, Cpc = 4186 J/kgK

We know that,
Heat transfer, Q U A  T m …….(1)
Where
T m - Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference. (LMTD)
For Counter flow,

.Solution 4
:Given
Hot fluid – oil, Cold fluid - water
(T1, T2) (t1, t2)
Entry temperature of oil, T1 = 150˚C
Exit temperature of oil, T2 = 55˚C
Entry temperature of water, T1 = 23˚C
Specific heat of oil (Hot fluid) Cph = 2125 kJ/kg K
T m = 28. 8˚C
A = 11.54 m2
Inner diameter, D1 = 0.4 m
Flow rate of water (cooling fluid), mc = 2.2 kg/s
Outer diameter, D2= 0.75 m
Flow rate of oil (Hot fluid), mh = 2.4 kg/s
Overall heat transfer co-efficient, U = 240 W/m2K
To find:
Length of the heat exchanger, L
We know that,
Heat lost by oil (Hot fluid) = Heat gained by water (cold fluid)
 .Solution 5
:Given
Hot fluid – oil, (T1, T2) Cold fluid - water (t1, t2)
Entry temperature of oil, T1 = 70˚C
Exit temperature of oil, T2 = 40˚C

Overall heat transfer co-efficient, U = 20 W/m2K

Specific heat of oil, Cph = 2 kJ/kg˚C
= 2 103 J/kg˚C
To find:
1. Choice of heat exchanger (Whether parallel flow or counter flow)
2. Area of heat exchanger.
Heat lost by oil (Hot fluid) = Heat gained by water (Cold fluid)
Solution 6:
By making an energy balance, heat received by water must be equal to the heat given out by oil.

In a parallel flow heat exchanger, the minimum temperature to which oil can be cooled will be
equal to the maximum temperature to which water can be heated,

therefore, Cw (T –25) = Co (210 – T);

(T – 25)/(210 – T) = 1/2 = 0.5; or, T = 260/3 = 86.67°C.
or the same capacity rates the oil can be cooled to 25°C (equal to the water inlet temperature) in a
.counter-flow arrangement

Solution 7 :
Energy absorbed by water,

(i) Parallel flow:

LMTD = (90 – 10)/ln(90/10) = 36.4;

Area = Q/U (LMTD) = 250920 /(350 × 36.4) = 19.69 m2.
(ii) Counter flow: ΔTa. = 120 – 70 = 50, ΔTb = 80 – 30 = 50
Since ΔTa. = ΔTb,. LMTD should be replaced by ΔT = 50

Solution 8
,The rate of heat transfer in the heat exchanger can be determined from