ρ A B A ρ A B A ρ= 3.

9
3.900 -78.34 78.58 0.48 1.975 0.21 3.48 -56.30 A= -78.33
3.875 -68.52 68.82 0.61 1.950 0.29 3.45 -41.18 B= 78.58
3.850 -58.70 59.06 0.73 1.925 0.36 3.41 -32.09 A= 0.49      
3.825 -48.87 49.30 0.86 1.900 0.43 3.37 -26.02
3.800 -39.05 39.54 0.99 1.875 0.50 3.34 -21.67    
3.775 -35.46 36.00 1.09 1.850 0.57 3.30 -18.40  
3.750 -31.87 32.47 1.20 1.825 0.65 3.26 -15.84
3.725 -28.28 28.93 1.31 1.800 0.72 3.22 -13.78
3.700 -24.69 25.39 1.42 1.775 0.78 3.19 -12.29
   
3.675 -22.99 23.74 1.53 1.750 0.84 3.16 -11.01
3.650 -21.28 22.09 1.65 1.725 0.91 3.13 -9.91
3.625 -19.58 20.44 1.77 1.700 0.97 3.10 -8.94    
3.600 -17.87 18.79 1.89 1.675 1.03 3.07 -8.09  
3.575 -16.84 17.81 2.00 1.650 1.10 3.04 -7.33
3.550 -15.80 16.83 2.12 1.625 1.16 3.01 -6.65
3.525 -14.77 15.84 2.23 1.600 1.22 2.98 -6.03
3.500 -13.73 14.86 2.35 1.575 1.28 2.95 -5.52
3.475 -13.03 14.21 2.47 1.550 1.34 2.93 -5.05
3.450 -12.32 13.55 2.58 1.525 1.40 2.90 -4.61
3.425 -11.62 12.90 2.70 1.500 1.46 2.87 -4.21
3.400 -10.91 12.24 2.82 1.475 1.51 2.85 -3.86
3.375 -10.40 11.78 2.95 1.450 1.57 2.83 -3.54
3.350 -9.89 11.32 3.08 1.425 1.62 2.80 -3.23
3.325 -9.37 10.86 3.21 1.400 1.67 2.78 -2.94
3.300 -8.86 10.40 3.35 1.375 1.73 2.76 -2.68
3.275 -8.47 10.06 3.47 1.350 1.78 2.74 -2.43
3.250 -8.08 9.71 3.59 1.325 1.83 2.72 -2.19
3.225 -7.69 9.37 3.71 1.300 1.89 2.69 -1.96
3.200 -7.30 9.02 3.85 1.275 1.94 2.67 -1.75
3.175 -6.99 8.75 3.98 1.250 1.99 2.65 -1.54
3.150 -6.68 8.49 4.12 1.225 2.05 2.63 -1.34
3.125 -6.36 8.23 4.27 1.200 2.10 2.61 -1.15
3.100 -6.05 7.96 4.42 1.175 2.15 2.59 -0.99
3.075 -5.80 7.75 4.57 1.150 2.19 2.57 -0.83
3.050 -5.54 7.54 4.72 1.125 2.24 2.56 -0.68
3.025 -5.29 7.33 4.88 1.100 2.28 2.54 -0.54
3.000 -5.03 7.12 5.05 1.075 2.33 2.52 -0.40
2.975 -4.83 6.97 5.21 1.050 2.38 2.50 -0.26
2.950 -4.63 6.81 5.37 1.025 2.42 2.49 -0.13
2.925 -4.44 6.66 5.55 1.000 2.47 2.47 0.00
2.900 -4.24 6.50 5.73 0.975 2.51 2.45 0.12
2.875 -4.04 6.35 5.93 0.950 2.56 2.44 0.24
2.850 -3.84 6.19 6.13 0.925 2.60 2.42 0.35
2.825 -3.65 6.04 6.35 0.900 2.65 2.40 0.46
2.800 -3.45 5.88 6.59 0.875 2.69 2.39 0.56
2.775 -3.30 5.78 6.81 0.850 2.73 2.38 0.66
2.750 -3.15 5.67 7.05 0.825 2.77 2.36 0.76
2.725 -3.00 5.56 7.30 0.800 2.82 2.35 0.86
2.700 -2.85 5.45 7.58 0.775 2.86 2.33 0.95
2.675 -2.70 5.34 7.87 0.750 2.90 2.32 1.04
2.650 -2.55 5.24 8.19 0.725 2.94 2.30 1.13
2.625 -2.40 5.13 8.54 0.700 2.98 2.29 1.22
2.600 -2.25 5.02 8.93 0.675 3.02 2.28 1.30
2.575 -2.13 4.93 9.32 0.650 3.06 2.27 1.38
2.550 -2.00 4.85 9.75 0.625 3.10 2.25 1.46
2.525 -1.87 4.76 10.23 0.600 3.14 2.24 1.54
2.500 -1.75 4.68 10.76 0.575 3.18 2.23 1.62
2.475 -1.64 4.60 11.32 0.550 3.22 2.22 1.69
2.450 -1.52 4.53 11.94 0.525 3.26 2.21 1.76
2.425 -1.41 4.46 12.65 0.500 3.30 2.19 1.83
2.400 -1.30 4.38 13.48 0.475 3.33 2.18 1.90
2.375 -1.20 4.32 14.34 0.450 3.37 2.17 1.97
2.350 -1.10 4.26 15.34 0.425 3.41 2.16 2.04
2.325 -1.01 4.20 16.53 0.400 3.44 2.15 2.10
2.300 -0.91 4.14 17.95 0.375 3.48 2.14 2.16
2.275 -0.81 4.08 19.71 0.350 3.52 2.13 2.23
2.250 -0.71 4.02 21.93 0.325 3.55 2.12 2.29
2.225 -0.62 3.96 24.83 0.300 3.59 2.11 2.35
2.200 -0.52 3.90 28.80 0.275 3.62 2.10 2.41
2.175 -0.44 3.85 33.60 0.250 3.66 2.09 2.47
2.150 -0.35 3.81 40.62 0.225 3.69 2.08 2.52
2.125 -0.27 3.76 51.90 0.200 3.73 2.07 2.58
2.100 -0.19 3.71 73.06 0.175 3.76 2.06 2.64
2.075 -0.11 3.66 127.41 0.150 3.80 2.05 2.69
2.050 -0.02 3.62 581.11 0.125 3.83 2.04 2.74
2.025 0.06 3.57 -211.30 0.100 3.87 2.03 2.80
2.000 0.14 3.52 -86.55 0.075 3.90 2.02 2.85
0.050 3.93 2.02 2.90
0.025 3.97 2.01 2.95
0.000 4.00 2.00 3.00
 Problem 1
member EI L ρ=P/Pe
ab 2 1.5 1.125 P/Pe
bc 1 1 1.000 P/Pe
cd 1 1 1.000 P/Pe
de 1 1 1.000 P/Pe hinged-hinged
ef 1 1 1.000 P/Pe fixed-hinged
Bounds fixed-fixed
member hinged-guided
ab hinged-hinged 0.8889 <P< 1.8141 fixed-hinged fixed-guided
bc hinged-hinged 1.0000 <P< 2.0408 fixed-hinged fixed-free
cd hinged-guided 0.2500 <P< 0.2500 hinged-guided
de hinged-guided 0.2500 <P< 0.2500 hinged-guided
ef hinged-guided 0.2500 <P< 0.2500 hinged-guided
trial
P ρab A ρbc A RHS
1Pe 1.125 -0.684339 1 0 -2.053017940946
0.95Pe 1.06875 -0.4 0.95 0.24 -0.96
0.9Pe 1.0125 -0.065 0.9 0.46 0.265
0.91Pe 1.02375 -0.13 0.91 0.41 0.02

jan 2011
member EI L ρ=P/Pe
ab 1 1.5 2.250 P/Pe
bc 1 1 0.500 P/Pe
cd 1 1 0.000 P/Pe
ce 2 1 0.500 P/Pe hinged-hinged
fixed-hinged
Bounds fixed-fixed
member hinged-guided
ab hinged-hinged 0.4444 <P< 0.9070 fixed-hinged fixed-guided
bc hinged-hinged 1.0000 <P< 2.0408 fixed-hinged fixed-free
cd hinged-guided 0.2500 <P< 0.2500 hinged-guided
de hinged-guided 0.5000 <P< 0.5000 hinged-guided
ef
trial
P ρab A ρbc A RHS
1Pe 1.125 -0.684339 1 0 -2.053017940946
0.95Pe 1.06875 -0.4 0.95 0.24 -0.96
0.9Pe 1.0125 -0.065 0.9 0.46 0.265
0.91Pe 1.02375 -0.13 0.91 0.41 0.02