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Tutorial 2 16-8-13

Problem 1: In an experimental set-up to study the dynamics of a liquid level system

following data were collected.
a) Initial input flow rate =300 c.c./min 2s4 hsb
b) Initial steady state height =25.4 Cms 300 tas
c) Tank dimensions 13 Cms X 13 Cms.(Square cross section)
d) Input flow rate after a step change = 125 c.c./min hsy =
Calculate the height in the tank, 2 min, 4 min, and 5 min after step change in the flow
made. AlsoCalculate the final steady státe height in the tank.
Problem 2: Amercury thermometer contains 5gms mercury and has asurface area of 2Cm'.
How long would it take to cause the reading to change by 63,2C ifa 100°c change is made
in its surroundings? Would the response be faster in water medium?
DATA:) overall heat transfer coefficient = 0.002anw0c
ii) Specific gravity of mercury =13.6
i) Heat capacity of mercury = 0.1kCa o,002x 2
hA
Problem 3: A thermometer having.a time constant of 1 min. is initially at a steady state with
surroundings of 30°C. It is suddenly immersed in a bath maintained at 100°C at time
t-0. Determine the temperature reading of the thermometer at t= 1.2 min.

Solution:
The thermometer was indicating 30C before it was dipped in a bath at 100°C. Thus the
deviation variable in the forcing function is (100-30)= 70°C içe. step size is 70° C.
As given above the response of first order system to a step change in forcing function is
represented as

r)=x +1-e)
In the present case x, =30°C, A=70°C, t=1.2 min and =1min. Thus substituting
these values in the above equation gives
Y()= 30+701-e %|= 30+ (70[ -30) =30 +(70X0.7) =89.0°c
Thus the temperature indicated by the thermometer after 1.2 min will be = 89°C
 Tutoal-2 Dsta
Paoe

A thermometen havinq a time constantot

1min is intaly af asteady stet

sutdenty ca: immened fnaaty maita îuec

rat 90°C ttìne to.Qetum he the
empenatre ycad na of tthe thesmomet
a t a t=-22m
Considenina
tiermo m e r a
=l2mjn. a fstode

at t o Ye=3o'c

y=30+ (100-30)(-ey

hermGmetotas 5qm
mencuny Qnd has a sunpae sneaot 2o
Hoco Long woud ft take to' caue the.
rEadine to chanqey 622°c ita tooc.

uoithe eponse oefaster nwanm

Sata Oyenel hicat Tranfencockt O-002

B) heat capaty ot merwee+etfeg

 Date
Pepe

nA

ecaeee

y-Js = 63-2

63.2 x12= t

t2t.459seconds
t
es
tie.NSDOnse
tne snoundinglouldbe
tep tfsst
tue temp gaien
dlientincrcases
the neatfaarshh sate
 Data
Paga

to stle
In an esKpenin enal setyp
Ldnamcs ofa liquid le vel systen follg
data werecollected
lonin,
(a) nittal Input floo vat =300 2s;4cms
cb) T t l teady tateheh ==
tes Tatdmenstons at step charg4N)
-(a) Tnput flo sate atten step chagT
=125ce/m
Calculate the height n the tank
2mmfn, Hmin Sgtnattetr stpo
fnne ploo rate wa mad Also calculaie.
theistcady etate height in tank.
A

4=3o Ocelmjn h=2S4cns

4 = 25 cc/m.A= 3x (3 =|69cm

A
t

R=

24
200

R=o.O3467 min
AR= 4.308 min
 t=(4r20
Dete.
Paga

31
at final cond tT0
h R
h Io. 53 Cmjinateasy
Now
heigt
hr h oy-h)lietE)
t=2.mih

he 25.4+ (0-52,
2s)-e
3466
23.466

h= 2146

att n h

he 2-029 m
FIGURE
P5-10 q cfm)FIGURE
PS9

(min) t 2

0.R=
5

5.10.

(c) operating
P5-10..
(a) Fig. and A
(b) cfm. 1 tank
ation
simple
the Determine
Obtain a
Determine Atlinear
having
deviation
in. time at
functions.
an
flow steady
resistance a
expression 0,
2) cross-sectional
H) in rate. the
level.
at flow state
Note and
t
=2 for 2s) varies with of
that R
and H() by flow areaa =
t=, as
is
where combining shown ftUcfm 1
the of
rate
2
H devi in of is ft
is
6.10 (9.
(g in)

23
t 0to 1

Ab A1)
=4 t
 (St)2
4cs)
(St)2
YIS)
tet Vct) LXcs3=
e proceS this of
esented step nit-
by the nine ete tet Jt)=
gep be found
to the
porocess isacutaty
omd measusec
Mbjectee
to ln ot
isotput The imput impulse unit
tanstex4 Nmknown g2)
poDcegs
of A
 Page Na,

Fon detemining Mmit step sponse

cs)
(S+1)
A B
Yes)
(S+1)2 (st1y

By solving we
A = B=-)C)

Yes) = 2

Yt) = |- et te t

Q:3) Here T= 120+ 5 sim C2St)

CompaTe this oith = Cst A sim wt

A =
25

5S

3,4s0 Cyclels
25
21 2TI
 VALENTINE
Page No.:
Date:

Asrolitude of Tesponse amd phase

Tesponse angle

o.o4

Øs-tan 89-54= -L,562S

Phs e lag
Respemse

O-04 cim (2 t - 33)

J.5623
lz¿c e.04 sin l 2 t -t34 )

temp
20°c- o.o4c
F9,96c

tos naximym temp

Time lag betatued tenp anl imelicated temp

36o 2s
20/02/2

Tutoial Date
Page

(1)In the liquid levelsystem hoon fn tqune

the deiatton in the tiew sate to the
fs ttank n's an impulse fenctfoh of
nagnitude . The folouo'n
2
date
lappy A t Ay A E241- R=lt/cfm

Qt)
569I A
hi

A2

ha
Ro
Tank2.
As
ha
Constant
Tank8 tiow.

(a Detmine eesson for Hi(5, H,c,

Hacs) where H,HH, anedeviattons t
tanelevel for tank 4,2& 3 espectelu

anot plot
 Page

Detmine H,
Hi (346), H,(3-46), k
for Rhue qven ih
chapte of his te' te fit,
equivalen nd
A,=1ttT R=1tt /cfm
A=A 241

H,Cs) 1

'. Ays

R2
Ts+)(T,st)
Ist) (;st)A,
t

+
 Pag

A2

H,cs
St

|.5
(st)3s+)

S(St|)st)
Ste

AsutAe T0.pulce YeSpone

fots tan k )

Hic =

-t
5e

t,(3.6)= O.
 Data,
Page

fo t tank ( )

(stOC3st)
HocS)
(StyC3s+D

26F=4
for J3
Nontenact
nd hg tantS)
Oden System
fo

e sinht

k(3.46
|fo tan k
5 2stH)C3st)
5
25 Cr+ 4s41) .

k, co = 2-5
S(3ts+)

eqtivtentto Seeord

Hz (s)
2-5/S

H, 5= 2.5 |-e Cosh lgi1

H, Ct)= 2.5(o.41
2 C+) 2,2% 8
 Date
Page

(22 The t o tan k sytem

tem shoun
-eonne
foLs h Ton. "The
teedy state ifh q l 0 efn
follo. dotta ppy o t a t

R=1t/Cfm RR D t t lefn
Ar A

Tt the tlo hanac foem otal

acco Dg 4o step changedenn

1t70)
 Data
Page

S42-8 S+

Se<2-8stN
/ 0 3

Tutoral4. )Data
Page

forthe con tbol yctem shooh bele,uie

the Oti test

chanaceiste
e oh cloe_
$t||Ckt toop sytn
yalue ote tbat

Sy ste be onthe
Vengec intebi
ic: to tihe theshold t valueutrate
alue gatal use the Routh Test
(i) T be mistace threihold klvalee
wsed as ko, then hat do you cay abut
the (o cafors each typicàl ro0+ )
Is thes ay root 0n
Complax alare
Imagihoy axla? Khrch one??

hrshold & ke valuethen ohat do you

Say ab out the kos locations n each
pica 00t Pn the cDMplexplahe I
aene any root
rogt on fmaginar y axitI
Ke ale us ed ugas tte hal ot the
Hareshold kc vole then o a t o

NO
 Cot
Page

fo a Pcon to |len

G
S+) (st) (st6)
Ke 2
S+9S+ 20 S+ (2
chanact enistic equaton

Kei-I(s349st 20s4r2)
2
Stqs 420s t(l2+ko o

Lusinq Roaths test

20

2+ Ke
3
12+ kc

Now Rule U ot Roths es

G8-Ko
for $tabilty

Ke 4hcshold
 Data
Paga

for ke |68
.. for
1
2
qs4(20=O
20 =0
S=+i25
at kKtrstotd
PoinS eOn at
Imaqnayd s
Boti
-Rectsae
o )
to catedTmagony

20
Botta XD01Z
1
wil cie on
2
sidela aaltLe)
3
348
4

this case
20
349st20s + 46 O,
q6
23/23 s=-8,
6O
Sstcm s imaginay a
Stab le
 Dete
Paga

82|fo conol system can con aove

P-con tooll

ita oity

($)(s tz)\st6

pt9s+20s +12
s 4 q 4 2054(2s

ChanaetetstHc Eq S+Zos 242

949s
stS+2os+ 1

1 1 .20

2 , |3/

120-3

5
 Data
Page

Colemh Op
all the tems ef Rouths
me postVe the Rule
test makes tae system tahle