LNMIIT BTP Report Template
LNMIIT BTP Report Template
Bachelor of Technology
in
Humanity and Social Science Engineering
by
Under Guidance of
Dr. Usha Kanoongo
August 2022
©The LNM INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Jaipur-2022.
All rights reserved.
The LNM Institute of Information Technology
Jaipur, India
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled “Using Linguistic Creativity For Group work And Re-
lations In WhatsApp”, submitted by Aryan Aditya (20ucs031) - Computer Science and Engi-
neering, Unique Panghal (20ucc125) - Communication and Computer Engineering, and Harsh
Yadav (20ucs076) - Computer Science and Engineering in partial fulfillment of the require-
ment of a degree in Bachelor of Technology (B. Tech), is a bonafide record of work carried out
by them at the Department of Humanities and Social Science Engineering, The LNM Institute
of Information Technology, Jaipur, (Rajasthan) India, during the academic session 2022-2023
under my supervision and guidance and the same has not been submitted elsewhere for the
award of any other degree. In my/our opinion, this report is of standard required for the award
of the degree of Bachelor of Technology (B. Tech).
We would like to extend our heartfelt gratitude to all those who have contributed towards the
successful completion of our B.Tech undergraduate project on ”Using Linguistic Creativity for
Group Work and Relations in WhatsApp”.
First and foremost, we would like to thank our guide, Dr. Usha Kanoongo, for her invaluable
guidance and support throughout the project. Her insightful feedback, encouragement, and
expert knowledge have been instrumental in shaping our ideas and helping us to achieve our
goals.
We would also like to express our sincere appreciation to all the faculty members of the De-
partment of Linguistics who have imparted their knowledge and expertise, which has been
crucial in shaping our understanding of the subject.
We are grateful to our fellow students who have provided us with the necessary feedback and
constructive criticism, which has helped us to refine our work.
Finally, we would like to thank our families and friends who have been a constant source of
motivation and encouragement throughout the project. Their support and belief in us have
been pivotal in helping us to achieve our goals.
Once again, thank you all for your support and encouragement in making our project a suc-
cess.
iv
Abstract
In this research, we as a team have gone through various popular readings of our above topic
to get ourselves fairly acquainted with our research idea to get a complete review of theory and
related literature. Several research papers and a book ‘Language Online’ by David Barton and
Cameron Lee. In our project, First, we collected the relevant data. This involved obtaining chat
logs or message transcripts from selected WhatsApp groups or individuals where multilingual-
ism, memes, and gifs are frequently used. We did this by asking participants for their consent
for you using the respective chat application. In the second semester of us working on this
project, we identified the issue with working with WhatsApp. Our groups only consisted of a
handful of people and not a lot of diversity was there. It was only those groups in our college,
friends, family or community that we were part of. Neither regional nor linguistic diversity
was present. We didn’t even have quantity in our data in terms of the number of messages
in our dataset. So, in order to significantly improve on the aforementioned characteristics,
we chose to employ Discord for the same reason. We chose 4-5 groups of various domains
in Discord, and this time we had quite substantial datasets on our hands, which brought new
issues. Because Discord groups have a broader worldwide audience, their privacy is signifi-
cantly greater. To obtain the communications, web scraping technologies were utilized. Once
we got our hands on the data, we started writing python codes for internal analysis of each of
the chats. This included finding the most used words to give us the idea of linguistic creativity.
We also tried to find the most active times of the group and most used emojis and many other
relevant data. For memes, GIFs and media, we did manual analysis by extracting the media
files from that group and analysing the number, volume, tonality and effectiveness of this cre-
ative linguism in each of the different scenarios. All above research is followed by detailed
analysis and interpretation of all the results and data obtained.
v
Contents
List of Tables ix
1 Introduction 1
1.1 The Area of Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Problem Addressed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 Existing System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3.1 Using Formal, Informal or creative language . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3.2 Using Humor and Storytelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3.2.1 Memes and GIFs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3.2.2 Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 The switch to Discord . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.5 Creation of bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 Literature Review 6
2.1 Language Online By David Barton and Cameron Lee . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1.1 Chapter 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1.2 Chapter 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1.3 Chapter 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2 RP1 - The Linguistic and Situational Features of WhatsApp Messages Among
High School and University Canadian Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.3 RP2 - Descriptive Analysis of Emoticons/Emoji and Persuasive Digital Lan-
guage Use in WhatsApp Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.4 RP3 - Discovering language variation in WhatsApp text interactions . . . . . 8
2.5 RP4 - STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGE STYLES IN WHATSAPP
MESSENGER MESSAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.6 RP5 - Multilingualism Online . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3 Proposed Work 10
3.1 Research Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.2 Collecting WhatsApp Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.2.1 Group 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.2.2 Group 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2.3 Group 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2.4 Group 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.3 Collecting Discord Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.4 Data Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
vi
CONTENTS vii
6 Annexure 47
Bibliography 47
List of Figures
viii
List of Tables
ix
Chapter 1
Introduction
In today’s increasingly globalized and digital world, effective communication in group work
is essential to achieving success. With the widespread use of instant messaging applications
like WhatsApp, group work is no longer limited to face-to-face meetings, but can be done
remotely and in real-time. WhatsApp is a widely used instant messaging platform that allows
people to communicate with each other through text, voice, and video messages. However, the
limitations of written communication can make it challenging to maintain good relationships
and collaboration in group work. This is where linguistic creativity comes in. By utilizing
multilingualism, memes, gifs, and other forms of non-verbal communication, team members
can bring a new level of dynamism and effectiveness to their group chats. The ability to use
language in a creative and effective way can help to build stronger relationships and facilitate
better group collaboration.
Multilingualism refers to the ability to use more than one language fluently. In group work,
multilingualism can play a significant role in fostering good relationships and effective col-
laboration. By being able to communicate in a language that is familiar to all team members,
multilingualism can reduce the barriers to communication, increase understanding and respect
among team members, and create a more inclusive environment. For example, if a team is
composed of individuals from different countries, each team member can communicate in their
own language, thus reducing the chances of misunderstandings or misinterpretations. This can
lead to more effective and efficient communication, as well as a more harmonious working
relationship. The benefits of multilingualism are numerous and wide-ranging. From a cogni-
tive perspective, multilingualism has been linked to improved memory, greater creativity, and
enhanced problem-solving skills. For example, learning and speaking multiple languages can
help individuals develop a more complex understanding of language and increase their ability
to understand different perspectives. This, in turn, can lead to greater empathy and cross-
cultural understanding. From a practical standpoint, multilingualism can provide individuals
1
chapter: 01 2
with increased job opportunities, especially in an increasingly globalized job market. Being
able to speak multiple languages can increase a person’s marketability, and make them a more
attractive candidate for international jobs. This can also help individuals break down language
barriers in the workplace, allowing for more effective communication and collaboration with
colleagues from different cultural backgrounds.
Our research aims to address various crucial concerns concerning linguistic originality in the
context of group communication on social media platforms, with a particular emphasis on
WhatsApp and Discord. Understanding the complex link between age and the use of creative
language is a key task. By investigating this topic, we want to gain a better understanding of
how various age groups express themselves linguistically in group contexts, hence leading to
a better understanding of age-related language dynamics in the digital environment.
Furthermore, we intend to address the variation in the usage of creative language among vari-
ous WhatsApp groups and themes. The variety within group interactions frequently results in
distinct language patterns, which our study aims to analyze. Identifying how creative language
shows itself in various circumstances allows us to determine the impact of group dynamics and
topic matter on linguistic expression, providing useful insights for effective communication
techniques in a variety of online communities.
Furthermore, we want to address the diversity in creative language usage among distinct What-
sApp groups and topics. The diversity of relationships within groups usually leads in diverse
linguistic patterns, which our study tries to investigate. Identifying how creative language
manifests itself in different contexts helps us to assess the influence of group dynamics and
topic matter on linguistic expression, offering helpful insights for successful communication
tactics in a range of online communities.
Furthermore, our analysis includes memes, which are popular and culturally relevant forms
of expression in the digital era. We intend to investigate the common themes and topics of
WhatsApp memes, as well as how linguistic innovation interacts with cultural influences and
language differences. Our research contributes not only to the field of linguistics, but also
to our broader understanding of how creativity manifests in the digital landscape, providing
valuable insights for individuals, communities, and platform developers seeking to navigate
and improve group communication in an increasingly interconnected world.
When it comes to building relationships, linguistic creativity can be used to make conversations
more engaging and interesting. In group work, linguistic creativity can be used to facilitate
chapter: 01 3
better communication and collaboration. For example, using clear and concise language can
help to ensure that everyone is on the same page and understands the task at hand. Clear and
concise language can help to avoid confusion and misunderstandings, which can be especially
important in group work. Additionally, using inclusive language and actively seeking input
from group members can help to foster a sense of teamwork and collaboration. Inclusive
language can help to create a sense of belonging and encourage participation from all group
members. Actively seeking input from group members can help to ensure that everyone has a
voice and that their ideas are considered. Furthermore, using linguistic creativity in WhatsApp
can also help to build trust and establish clear roles and responsibilities among group members.
Using formal or informal language can help to establish different levels of formality and infor-
mality in a group, which can be especially important in professional settings. Formal language
can be used to convey professionalism, respect and establish clear boundaries. Informal lan-
guage, on the other hand, can be used to create a sense of familiarity and informality, which
can be especially useful in more relaxed settings. Creative language can also be used to create
a sense of identity and shared vision within a group. Using metaphorical, symbolic and figura-
tive language can help to create a sense of cohesion and shared values, which can be especially
important in group work. Metaphors, symbols and figures of speech can help to convey com-
plex ideas in a simple and memorable way, which can be especially useful in group work.
Using humor or storytelling techniques can make a conversation more enjoyable and help to
build a deeper connection with the other person. Humor can be used to diffuse tension, create
a relaxed atmosphere and establish a sense of familiarity. Storytelling, on the other hand, can
be used to create a sense of connection, build trust and convey emotions. Additionally, using
descriptive and emotive language can help to convey emotions and build empathy.
Memes and gifs are forms of non-verbal communication that can greatly enhance the dynamics
and atmosphere of group chats. They enhance our conversations with depth and underscore
our meaning. Memes are images, videos, or texts that are widely shared and modified to reflect
a specific cultural or social context. Gifs, on the other hand, are short animated images that
are used to express emotions or ideas. In group work, memes and gifs can serve as a way to
inject humor and lighten the tone of group conversations, reducing stress and tension in the
workplace. They can also serve as a means of conveying complex ideas and emotions in a
more efficient and easily understandable manner. For example, if a team is facing a difficult
chapter: 01 4
or complex problem, a meme or gif can be used to convey a sense of humor and optimism,
helping to keep morale high and maintain focus. Similarly, memes and gifs can be used to
express gratitude, congratulations, or congratulations, which can help to strengthen the bonds
between team members and create a positive working atmosphere. However, it is important to
note that the use of memes and gifs should be done with caution. As they are often culturally
specific and subjective, it is important to ensure that they are appropriate for the workplace
and do not cause offense to any team members.
1.3.2.2 Images
Images can also be used to enhance the overall experience of using WhatsApp. For example,
people can send images of beautiful landscapes, interesting buildings, or other visually stun-
ning subjects to make their chats more visually appealing.They play a crucial role in WhatsApp
conversations, providing a visual context to messages, expressing emotions, conveying infor-
mation, creating a personal connection, and enhancing the overall experience. Whether you
are discussing a new product, sharing your daily activities, or just having a casual chat with a
friend, images can help to make your conversations more engaging and memorable.
Moving from WhatsApp to Discord for your project on ”Using Linguistic Creativity for
Groupwork and Relations” in the seventh semester offered several advantages, especially in
terms of linguistic diversity and dataset size. Here are some potential benefits:
Global User Base: When compared to WhatsApp, Discord has a greater international user
base. This implies that you will most likely come across a wide range of languages, dialects,
and linguistic styles in Discord groups. This variety can give a more complete knowledge of
language inventiveness in many places and civilizations.
Server Structure: Discord allows you to set up servers for various channels. Each channel
can be dedicated to a particular topic or interest, allowing users to connect to numerous servers
based on their interests. This framework makes it easier to analyze language patterns in certain
circumstances and gives a more thorough understanding of how language is utilized in various
groups.
Text Channels and Topics: Discord provides text channels where users may talk about certain
subjects. It permits the orderly collecting of data on several subjects on a single server. You
may investigate how language inventiveness changes across various channels to have a better
understanding of how language is employed in different circumstances.
chapter: 01 5
Large Group Sizes: Discord servers can host a far bigger number of people than WhatsApp
groups. This bigger group size can help to provide a larger data set, allowing for a more
extensive investigation of linguistic patterns and inventiveness.
Bots and Integrations: Discord enables bots and integrations that may be used to gather and
analyze data automatically. Bots can be used to collect statistics on message frequency, word
usage, and other linguistic characteristics. This can assist to streamline data collecting and
assure a more complete data set.
Rich Media Sharing: Discord allows you to share material such as photographs, videos, and
links. Analyzing these characteristics with the content can provide a more full picture of the
platform’s linguistic innovation.
Customizable Roles: Discord enables for server roles to be customized. Analyzing how
language use changes in a society based on roles and hierarchies may add a new degree of
complexity to research.
Use bibch1.bib file to save your bib format citations. Use the command [1] for referring to a
particular article [2].
Chapter 2
Literature Review
David Barton and Carmen Lee’s groundbreaking work ”Language Online” extensively investi-
gates the multidimensional terrain of language use in the digital environment. The book offers
unique insights into the junction of linguistics and digital communication by providing a com-
plete investigation of how language operates and changes inside online contexts. Barton and
Lee investigate different elements of online language, including the usage of written text in
social media platforms and the rise of new linguistic forms like emojis and internet slang. The
writers examine themes of identity, community formation, and the influence of digital tech-
nology on linguistic practices as they traverse the complexity of online communication. By
investigating a wide range of online environments, such as forums, social media platforms,
and chat rooms, the book enriches our understanding of the dynamic ways in which language
adapts to the digital age.
2.1.1 Chapter 1
The first chapter of ”Language Online” by David Barton and Carmen Lee explores the im-
pact of digital communication technologies on language. The authors emphasize the growing
importance of online communication, such as email, social media, and instant messaging, on
language use. They argue that studying language in the digital world is crucial for a broader
understanding of language. The chapter delves into key characteristics of language in the dig-
ital age, such as informality, dependence on nonverbal cues, and proclivity for brevity and
abbreviation. The authors also discuss the challenges of studying language in the digital era,
such as the massive amounts of data analyzed and the rapid pace of change in digital commu-
nication technologies. They also discuss the moral panics that may arise in this new stage of
digital natives. The authors suggest that these obstacles can be overcome by employing novel
research techniques and developing new theoretical frameworks.
6
chapter: 02 7
2.1.2 Chapter 2
The second chapter of ”Language Online” by David Barton and Carmen Lee discusses the
importance of studying language online for a broader understanding of language. The authors
argue that online language is a rich source of linguistic data, a valuable resource for linguists
and researchers. Online communication is a rapidly growing phenomenon, with new concepts
and methods evolving, making the process more efficient. Studying language online helps
understand these changes and their impact on language use. Online communication is global,
with people from all over the world communicating in various languages. Studying online
allows for a unique insight into casual conversation and the use of minority languages and di-
alects. Language is a central aspect of learning in the modern world, and studying online helps
understand how social groups use language to establish and maintain identity. Online com-
munication is often anonymous, providing insight into language usage without social norms
or expectations. Language plays a deep role in proposing questions, elaborating solutions, un-
derstanding, and learning, leading to knowledge creation and better understanding of language
relations. Studying language online is critical for understanding the future of language use.
2.1.3 Chapter 4
In Chapter Four, David Barton and Carmen Lee examine multilingualism in online communi-
cation as well as tools to support it. The writers stress the growing relevance of multilingualism
in the online world since it aids in the formation of connections and relationships. They talk
about internet translators and multilingual chat rooms, but they acknowledge that these tech-
nologies may occasionally lead to errors or misunderstandings. The chapter also examines the
difficulties of multilingual online communication, such as misinterpreting tone or purpose and
translating idiomatic language. The authors contend that these obstacles may be addressed
by cultivating context and intercultural competency. It also covers the role of language pol-
icy in encouraging multilingualism online, the significance of language rights, and linguistic
inequality.
Baron’s (2013) proposal on the role of mobile communication in today’s written and spoken
language. The study also strengthens critical thinking skills as students implement decision-
making strategies. The research methodology used in MobileVar was evaluated, and the study
found that linguistic variety is prevalent in WhatsApp contacts, including non-standard forms,
slang, and code-switching. The study concludes that understanding language variation in dig-
ital communication is essential for effective communication and cultural competence.
WhatsApp is a popular communication tool among students, with over 750 million users and
an additional 20 million added monthly. The study ”Descriptive Analysis of Emoticons/Emoji
and Persuasive Digital Language Use in WhatsApp Messages” by Erdal Aryan explores the
use of emoticons/emojis and persuasive digital language in WhatsApp messages. Persuasion
is a cognitive process that involves choosing certain linguistic styles, making decisions, and
providing motivational feedback. WhatsApp language is considered a hybrid form, combining
stylistic features of writing and speaking. The study found that emoticons/emojis were fre-
quently used in WhatsApp messages, with positive emotions like laughter, joy, and love being
the most commonly used. The presence of emoticons/emojis was positively related to the use
of persuasive language features, suggesting that emoticons/emojis may boost the persuasive
power of digital language. The study’s implications for digital communication and persua-
sion emphasize the importance of careful consideration of emoticons/emojis and persuasive
language features in various contexts.
The text that goes with it explores the rise of digital language in social media spaces, with
a special emphasis on persuasive messages that use emoticons / emoticons and odd writing.
The study employs content-based analysis, which makes use of data gathered via an online
poll and the WhatsApp corpus. The questionnaire addresses participant profiles, social media
platform usage, language preferences, and persuasive language choices. The linguistic aspects
of persuasive discourse are investigated using a WhatsApp dataset of over 1,600 voice bub-
bles. The study’s goal is to improve knowledge of how users employ language structures in
online interactions, with an emphasis on the impact of emoticons on intelligibility and com-
edy. The findings are important for corpus linguistics researchers because they give insight on
persuasive language patterns in corpus linguistics.
chapter: 02 9
This study paper investigates WhatsApp Messenger’s potential as an online social messaging
platform, comparing its functions to SMS while emphasizing the need for internet bandwidth
and its extra features such as video and audio conversations. The stylistic aspects of SMS
and WhatsApp Messenger are examined in this article, with an emphasis on graphology styles
such as clipping, letter-number replacement, coinage, and mixed case usage. The employment
of these styles is influenced by factors such as age and social situation. The research examines
WhatsApp Messenger messages to discover the predominance of clipping style and differences
in other styles. The researchers’ conclusion is that the styles are chosen based on personal
preferences, and the findings provide useful insights into the use of SMS styles in WhatsApp
Messenger. The study gives instances of recognized styles, with the researchers hoping to add
to readers’ and students’ comprehension of linguistics and stylistics.
Proposed Work
1) What is the relationship between age and the use of creative language on online communi-
cation platforms like Discord?
2) How does the use of creative language vary across different WhatsApp groups and Discord
and their topics?
3) How do linguistic patterns, including slang, jargon, and emojis, contribute to the meaning
and tone of online conversations?
4) What are the common themes and topics of memes shared on WhatsApp and Discord? How
do different cultures and languages influence the linguistic content of memes shared on these
online platforms?
Initially, we used WhatsApp groups to investigate the different types of linguistic creativity
that are used, the contexts in which they are used, and the impact they have on group work and
relationship building also the use of new things such as emoji use, abbreviations, and slang
language. Collecting data from Whatsapp groups was a breeze since each group has an export
chat option that, when used, generates a text file containing all of the conversations written in
that group visible to this user from his/her joining.
3.2.1 Group 1
10
chapter: 02 11
Purpose of group - Purpose of this group of friends is to stay in touch and sharing information
related to college and daily life and planning outings and seeking advice from friends.
3.2.2 Group 2
Purpose of group - This is a family group consisting of various members from the same
extended family. The purpose of this family group is to maintain and strengthen family re-
lationships by providing a space for family members to communicate, share news, and stay
connected with each other.
3.2.3 Group 3
Purpose of group - This physics WhatsApp group was created to help create a sense of com-
munity within the physics department and provide a platform for students to connect, collabo-
rate, and support each other under the guidance of Amit Neogi Sir.
3.2.4 Group 4
Purpose of group - This Android WhatsApp group was created to help create a sense of com-
munity within the Android Development department and provide a platform for students/an-
droid geeks to connect, collaborate, share opportunities in the Job market and support each
other .
Before analyzing the data we obtained from WhatsApp and Discord, we removed any extra-
neous spaces, punctuations, or stopwords. In addition, irrelevant factors such as the message’s
originator were removed, and just the transmitted message was considered. This procedure
was carried out using the Python tool.
We execute data analysis on our gathered data from WhatsApp and Discord using Python
language and modules such as Numpy, Pandas, MatPlotib, TextBlob, WordCloud, and so on.
The first phase was quantitative analysis, which involved determining which words and lan-
guages were most commonly used. This was accomplished through the use of WordClouds
and emoji count Pie Charts. This assisted us in analyzing the data in terms of how different
languages and emojis are linked to facilitate efficient group communication.
Closes manual inspection of the media files and GIF files of the WhatsApp and Discord groups
were done in this step to get an abstract idea of how humour and storytelling are beginning to
be incorporated with the help of these media files as media is a very unique and creative aspect
of group communication.
Finally, we carefully study all of the above results in order to form conclusions. We evaluated
the findings by identifying patterns in the usage of multilinguism, GIFs, Memes, and Emojis
based on the type of group and the sorts of persons participating. All of this is done in a clear
and succinct manner, supported by appropriate evidence.
Chapter 4
Younger individuals tend to use more creative language , more emojis , more memes ,
more GIFs as they are More familiar with the latest technology For example, instead of saying
”I’m so excited to see you,” a young adult might say ”OMG can’t wait 2 c u!!
Older individuals may use more formal language Less familiar with the latest technol-
ogy For example, an older individual might say ”I am looking forward to seeing you” instead
of using abbreviations or emojis
13
chapter: 02 14
This whatsapp group is related to our physics classes where students get information
,details of classes and physics subject.Strictly formal lanauge is used and related to
physics.Less memes and gifs are used as professors are also present in this group.
This whatsapp group is related to those who have similar interest related to android
and app developmet.Mostly formal language is used and technology related. For example, ”Is
it better to use reactNavtive or flutter”.
The substantial number of words (817,714) and messages (372,349) indicates a high
level of engagement and active communication within the group. This could be a positive
sign of a lively and interconnected community.The use of emojis (299,933) adds a layer of
chapter: 02 15
emotional expression and nuance to the communication. Emojis are a form of non-verbal
communication that can convey tone, humor, and emotions, fostering a more vibrant and
friendly atmosphere. The inclusion of links (145) and images (170) suggests that group
members are not limited to text-based communication alone. Sharing links and images can
enhance the collaborative and interactive aspects of the group, allowing for a more varied
and visually engaging conversation.The presence of multiple languages (English, Italian,
Dutch, Finnish) reflects a diverse membership. This linguistic diversity can contribute to a
richer cultural exchange and provide members with the opportunity to learn about different
languages and cultures. Additionally, the use of multiple languages fosters inclusivity and
accommodates a global audience.
Most Frequent words used: Bhai, Kya ,bhi ,nahi ,toh ,tha ,ko ,ka ,kar ,Koi ,aur ,ab ,Happy
,abhi
Most used emojies: Uncle Laugh, pepecry, red heart, wut, xqct, zzsuppp, face with tears of
joy
The substantial number of words (1,250,111) and messages (544,423) suggests an ac-
tive and engaged gaming community. Frequent communication is vital for coordination
during gameplay, discussing strategies, and building camaraderie.. In gaming communities,
emojis can convey reactions, excitement, or frustration during gameplay, adding an extra layer
of communication beyond text.The inclusion of links (1,986) and images (2,843) indicates that
members actively share content related to gaming. This includes game guides, screenshots,
and links to relevant resources.Unlike the Friends Group, the Gaming Group primarily uses
English (494,253). This suggests a common language of communication, which is crucial
for effective coordination and collaboration during gaming sessions.While the data doesn’t
explicitly highlight linguistic creativity, it can be inferred that creativity plays a role in the
group’s communication. In gaming communities, members often use slang, abbreviations, or
game-specific terminology, showcasing a unique linguistic style that fosters a sense of com-
munity and shared experience.Linguistic creativity in the form of gaming-related expressions
and terminology helps build a sense of belonging and identity within the group. Members
chapter: 02 16
likely share a common gaming culture, reinforcing their connection through language and
shared experiences.
Most Frequent words used: lol ,team ,sen ,Tenz ,game ,yeah ,Play ,TSM ,win ,teams ,EU
,gonna ,map ,lmao ,faze
Most used emojies: face with tears of joy,sweg,rolling on the floor laughing,loudly crying
face,eyes,slightly smiling face
The substantial number of words (864,937) and messages (267,741) suggests an active
and engaged educational community. Frequent communication is crucial for sharing knowl-
edge, discussing academic topics, and facilitating collaborative learning.The use of emojis
(16,993) in text indicates a level of expressiveness in communication. While the emoji
count is lower compared to some other groups because of being a more formal group, it still
contributes to a more engaging and positive atmosphere within the educational community.
The inclusion of links (10,752) and images (6,489) suggests that members actively share
educational resources, articles, and visual materials. This indicates a collaborative approach
to learning, with members contributing to the collective knowledge base.The Educational
Group primarily uses English (253,154), reflecting a common language for academic
communication. A shared language is essential for effective knowledge exchange and
collaboration in educational settings.In educational settings, members use creative language
to explain complex concepts, create memorable mnemonics, or use engaging language to
foster a positive and interactive learning environment.the Educational Group on Discord
demonstrates the role of linguistic creativity in enhancing groupwork and relations. The use
of expressive language, emojis, and collaborative sharing of resources contributes to a positive
and interactive learning environment, fostering stronger relationships among group members.
Most used emojies: grinning face with big eyes,slightly smiling face grinning face with smil-
ing eyes, thumbs up, winking face
chapter: 02 17
Most Frequent words used: people, yeah, lol, shit, ray, time, gonna, bad, literally
Most used emojies: flag united states, face with tears of joy, skull, loud crying face, turkey,
pie
The Old Age Discorders Discord community demonstrates linguistic creativity through
concise communication, text-centric interaction, and limited multilingualism. The majority
of messages contain text, allowing for detailed discussions and meaningful conversations
about aging. The community’s use of English is predominant, with a smaller portion
identified as unreliable to detect. Visual elements like images and emojis are used to enhance
chapter: 02 18
Most Frequent words used: lol, time, people, morning, nice, kids, love, hope, pineapple
Most used emojies: face with tears of joy, rolling on the floor laughing, grining squinting
face, slightly smiling face, loudly crying face, thinking face
5.1 Conclusions
1) What is the relationship between age and the use of creative language on online com-
munication platforms like Discord?
Our detailed research of WhatsApp and Discord groups yielded interesting insights about
the relationship between age and the use of creative language on online communication plat-
forms, with a particular focus on Discord. Age-related trends in linguistic originality occurred
throughout the Discord servers studied, demonstrating diverse communication styles among
various age groups.
Notably, the ”Teenagers Server” displayed a vivid and expressive language environment, dis-
tinguished by the frequent usage of emojis (299,933) and a large number of words (817,714).
This indicates a high degree of participation and active conversation, which is typical of
younger people. The discovered linguistic trends support the notion that younger people use
more creative language, emojis, and inventive ways of expression, reflecting their familiarity
with modern technologies.
”Elderly servers,” on the other hand, had a more compact communication style with an empha-
sis on comprehensive text interactions (388,467 words). Despite the high overall word count,
this implies a propensity for textual debates and in-depth interactions, which is typical of older
age groups. Emojis (19,713) and multimedia components are used sparingly, reflecting a gen-
erally restrained but emotionally evocative linguistic style. These observations point to a slight
connection between her age and her use of innovative language on Discord.
Young people choose a dynamic and expressive linguistic palette that encompasses a wide
range of emojis to convey emotions via a number of creative outlets. Older individuals, on
the other hand, have a text-oriented style, respect lengthy conversation, and depend less on
expressive features such as emojis. Age-related disparities in language patterns in Discord
show the significance of tailoring communication tactics to the preferences of different age
42
chapter: 02 43
groups in the larger context of the project subject of harnessing linguistic innovation in group
work and relationships. Understanding and identifying these variations in creative language
use allows for more successful and engaging group interactions, as well as a sense of belonging
and cohesiveness in online communities.
2) How does the use of creative language vary across different WhatsApp groups and
Discord and their topics?
Exploring several WhatsApp groups and Discord servers provides insight into the wide terrain
of creative language use, offering light on the extent to which individual groups and their
specific subjects differ.
Starting with the WhatsApp group, the ”Sajjan” group symbolizes a vibrant and expressive
mode of communication, with a substantial total number of messages (27,069) and emoji use
(7,965).The group’s younger population, as seen by its usage of acronyms and colloquialisms
(”OMG can’t wait for 2 dicks!”), which corresponds to the assumption that younger individuals
have a more creative linguistic style, abundant emoticons, and inventive phrases.
In comparison, the WhatsApp group ”Gangs of Gangapur,” which has an older demographic,
has a more professional linguistic style, with fewer emoticons (932) and a lower total number
of messages (864). This tendency demonstrates how linguistic innovation varies by age group,
with older people preferring more informal and less expressive communication techniques.
The WhatsApp group ”LNM Physics A1 Y20” concentrates on academic conversations, using
a very formal language style that reflects the subject’s character. The restricted usage of memes
and GIFs, along with the concentration on physics-related content, implies that the subject
matter and the presence of academics impact the language dynamics, favoring page discourse
and a more information-focused perspective.
In contrast, the ”Android Geeks” WhatsApp group, which is dedicated to tech aficionados, has
a diverse membership has a mix of formal and informal language. Using phrases like ”Reac-
Navtive or Flutter” will showcase the team’s more specialized and topic-focused linguistic
innovation.
The ”Teen Server” on Discord offers a dynamic linguistic landscape rich in emojis (299,933)
and a diversity of languages. The significant number of posts (372,349) and words (817,714)
reflect a dynamic and engaging community. The range of languages, which includes English,
Italian, Dutch, and Finnish, underlines the group’s linguistic diversity, adding to a more rich
and culturally inclusive atmosphere.
Linguistic inventiveness takes the shape of expressive language and the usage of emoticons
contact (16,993) in ”Education Server,” which has a high word count (864,937) and a concen-
tration on academic debates. Sharing materials, links, and photos collaboratively helps to an
active and engaging learning environment.
chapter: 02 44
Finally, ”The Elderly Waiter” displays a more restrained yet emotionally evocative language
style, with its preference for thorough textual communication (388,467 words) and restricted
usage of emojis (19,713). Sharing links and photos reflects this community’s common interest
in learning and progress.
Manual investigation of memes and GIFs allows us to speculate on their significance in boost-
ing communication among these groups. Memes and GIFs are less popular in groups where
the focus is on knowledge exchange and intellectual debate, such as the ”LNM Physics A1
Y20” WhatsApp group. Memes, on the other hand, serve a vital part in generating comedy,
camaraderie, and emotional expression in groups like ”Teen Servers” on Discord, where they
are more widespread.
In conclusion, age, subject, and group dynamics all affect variances in creative language use
among WhatsApp groups and Discord servers. Understanding these differences is critical for
customizing communication tactics to the interests and aims of various online communities,
resulting in more successful and engaging group interactions.
3) How do linguistic patterns, including slang, jargon, and emojis, contribute to the
meaning and tone of online conversations?
Examining language patterns, such as slang, jargon, and emoticons, reveals a multidimensional
environment in which various linguistic elements play an important role in meaning and tone
of internet discussions.
The group ”Sajjan” (7,965) uses colloquial language and abundant emoticons in WhatsApp
groups to create an environment of excitement and closeness, leading to a dynamic mood and
expressiveness. The ”LNM Physics A1 Y20” group, on the other hand, stressed precise formal
language suitable to the academic character of the talks, preferring a professional and serious
tone. The ”Android Geeks” team achieves a balance, employing technical jargon and formal
language while maintaining a professional style and common interests.
”Teen Server” on Discord exemplifies how emoticons (299,933) and slang add to the tone of
friendship and emotional expressiveness.The employment of many languages enhances group
dynamics and promotes inclusion. The use of political jargon and the wide usage of words
(2,886,929) add to a deep and complicated tone in ”Political Server,” reflecting the subtle
nature of the conversations.
Memes and GIFs play an important part in establishing the tone for talks. Memes can add to a
light, amusing tone in communities where they are popular, such as ”Teen Servers” on Discord,
chapter: 02 45
increasing emotional expressiveness. The tone can be more concentrated and intellectual in
more official groups, such as the ”LNM Physics A1 Y20” WhatsApp group, where there are
less memes.
In brief, linguistic patterns such as slang, jargon, and emoticons are crucial in identifying the
meaning and tone of online talks. These elements contribute to the group’s general mood,
determine the character of interactions, and build a sense of community. Manual investigation
of memes and GIFs demonstrates their significance in raising the tone of online debate by
adding layers of comedy, emotion, and cultural allusions. Understanding and utilizing these
linguistic characteristics is critical for efficient communication and connection development in
a variety of online groups.
4) What are the common themes and topics of memes shared on WhatsApp and Discord?
How do different cultures and languages influence the linguistic content of memes shared
on these online platforms?
Examining the common themes and subjects of memes posted on WhatsApp and Discord
reveals a rich tapestry of wit, cultural allusions, and thematic variety. Furthermore, the many
cultures and languages represented on these platforms have a strong impact on the linguistic
content of memes.
The ”Sajjan” WhatsApp group, which represents a younger population, offers memes that fre-
quently focus around current trends, slang, and internet culture. Emoticons and abbreviations
are commonly utilized, adding to the sense of lightness and friendship. The ”LNM Physics A1
Y20” group, on the other hand, concentrates on academic conversations and delivers memes
linked to physics principles and academic comedy.
The ”Teen Server” on Discord offers many jokes about school life, gaming culture, and per-
tinent everyday issues. The usage of many languages in memes reflects the group’s linguistic
variety, resulting in a more inclusive and culturally diverse meme sharing experience. In ”Po-
litical Server,” memes are likely to be political in character, reflecting the group’s ideology,
with numerous language factors contributing to the tone of political humour.
Manual examination of memes reveals that cultural references play an important influence
in the creation of themes. Memes having a worldwide audience, such as ”Teen Servers,”
frequently combine internationally relevant information, but memes with a more specialized
audience, such as ”Android Geeks” on WhatsApp, focus around tech-related comedy and
industry-specific allusions.
Different languages contribute to meme diversity. For example, the ”Teen Server” meme may
employ multilingual subtitles to demonstrate the group’s language variety. Memes in ”Educa-
tion Servers” may incorporate academic allusions and language-specific comedy, serving the
community’s broad academic interest.
In conclusion, investigating memes in WhatsApp and Discord groups reveals topic variety
determined by group interests and demography. Cultural allusions and language subtleties
chapter: 02 46
have a considerable impact on the substance and comedy of memes, revealing the complex
interplay between linguistic expression, cultural background, and the shared experiences of
online communities. Understanding these relationships helps us better understand the varied
nature of comedy and cultural exchange in the digital environment.
Reflecting on the current status of our research project, which is investigating linguistic inno-
vation in digital group communication platforms like WhatsApp and Discord, various options
for future study arise, each with the potential to enhance our understanding and strengthen our
analytical methodologies. First, the difficulty of identifying words that do not fit into any one
language throws up a viable option for future research. Advanced natural language approaches
and the application of machine learning algorithms can increase our capacity to recognize and
categorize such language deviations and give a more diversified view on the multicultural and
multilingual features of language innovation in online communities.
Extending our analytical reach beyond single words to three- or four-word sentences is another
fruitful avenue for future work. By delving into the complexity of language structures beyond
single-word analysis, we can reveal how creative language manifests itself in more complex
syntactic structures, providing a richer understanding of digital group interactions. Addition-
ally, the exclusion of slang from our current analysis is an important limitation. Future work
could include developing a comprehensive framework for identifying, classifying and inter-
preting slang expressions in digital communication platforms. This sheds light on the role of
informal and culturally specific language forms in shaping the overall linguistic landscape of
online groups.
Taking it a step further, customizing sentiment analysis tools instead of relying on existing
libraries can significantly improve the accuracy and precision of our results. By tailoring our
sentiment analysis dataset to specific linguistic nuances, we can uncover more subtle variations
in emotional tone and expression, providing a more nuanced understanding of the emotional
dynamics of digital group chats. In addition to these identified areas for improvement, investi-
gating the impact of multimedia elements such as images and videos on the language creativity
of digital groups and the temporal dynamics of language patterns over time can open new fron-
tiers for research and provide a more complete picture of how language evolves in a dynamic
digital landscape. These future directions not only address current limitations, but also pave
the way for more comprehensive and nuanced research on linguistic creativity in the field of
digital group communication.
Chapter 6
Annexure
47
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