SQA – Interview Questions

1. Test plan and components

2. Test Case and components
3. Test Strategy and components
4. Bug/Defect report components
5. Bug Release and Bug Leak
6. Adhoc testing and Exploratory testing
7. Documents prepared in STLC
8. SQL commands
9. SDLC and STLC (i.e. General testing process)
10. CMM and CMMI
11. Difference between Sanity testing and Smoke testing? Which testing should be performed first?
12. Difference b/Quality, QA and QC
13. Regression testing and Re-testing
14. Difference between Water-Fall model and Agile
15. Scrum n its phases (i.e. Daily Stand-up meeting, Sprint Review, Sprint Planning and Sprint
Retrospective)
16. Walk through and Inspection (Moderator, Recorder, Reader, Producer and Reviewer)
17. What is GAP Analysis?
18. Integration testing n types (i.e. Bottom-up and Top-down)
19. Usability testing
20. How ll you make sure that you have tested the application enough?
21. How would you ensure that your testing is complete and has good coverage? (i.e. RTM)
22. If you have No/Less sufficient time for testing?
23. High-level T.C and Low-level T.C
24. Acceptance testing n types (i.e. Alpha n Beta)
25. Priority (i.e. How soon a bug should be fixed. Set by BA)
26. Severity (i.e. Impact of customer's business. Set by Testers)
27. Please tell me, if the application is running successfully but unable to find in the Google search. For
example, Facebook is my application but it's not showing in Google search, then tell me Severity and
Priority of defect?
28. What do you mean by a good tester?
29. How ll you make sure that no. of T.C are enough?
30. What do you think that if the requirements change then Test Plan changes? How?
31. How ll you deal with a bug that arrive at the time of testing or shipment?
32. There occurs a change in system and you have insufficient time. How ll you deal with it?
33. Please tell me any most challenging situation that occur in your QA career (i.e. Testing without
artifacts)
34. Verification and Validation
35. Verification Techniques (i.e. Review, Inspection, Walk through)
36. Please tell the most common problems faced in web testing?
37. Static testing and Dynamic testing
38. Please tell some performance bottlenecks
39. What is Baseline and Benchmarking?
40. What is Profiling?
41. Performance testing n types (i.e. Load, Stress, Volume, Spike and Endurance)
42. What is think time?
43. What is performance tuning? (I.e. S/w and H/W)
44. What is throughput?
45. What is Data Driven testing?
46. Black Box testing techniques (i.e. BVA, Equivalence Partitioning and Decision Table)
47. White Box testing techniques (i.e. Branch Coverage and Statement Coverage)
48. How ll you do project estimation?
49. What is Primary key, Foreign key, Composite key and Candidate key?
50. What is Defect Clustering?
51. Triggers and Stored Procedures
52. JOINS and types (i.e. Inner Join, Left Join, Right Join and Full Outer Join)
53. Normalization (i.e. 1 NF, 2NF, 3 NF)
54. What is Partial dependency and Transitive dependency
55. API testing and how to test it?
56. API Methods (i.e. GET, POST, PUT and DELETE )
57. Bug/Defect Life cycle
58. What is Fuzz testing?
59. What is Test Bed?
60. Types of Functional testing (i.e. Smoke, Sanity, Regression and Usability)
61. What are Testing levels/types? (I.e. Unit, Integration, System and Acceptance)
62. Difference between HAVING and WHERE?
63. Testing techniques (i.e. Black Box, White Box and Grey Box)
64. What are VIEWS and where they are used?
65. White Box testing types (i.e. Unit testing, White Box Penetration testing and Testing for Memory
Leaks)
66. What is Bug Triage?
67. What is MR (Modification Request), ER (Enhancement Request) and CR (Change Request)?
68. Can we write T.C using BRD?
69. Please state some Risks to avoid testing?
70. QA Best Practices
71. You have a Test Plan with 100 T.C, then how would you decide that what tests to automate and what
to cover in manual?
72. As a tester, who ll you report or submit your T.C?
73. How to calculate Defect Rejection Ratio? (I.e. No. of Defects Rejected/Total No. of Bugs Raised) *100
74. How to calculate Defect Leakage Ratio? (I.e. No. of Defects Raised/Total Defects of S/W)*100
75. What is Peak Response time and Wait time?
76. Which T.C to Automate? (I.e. Regression, Smoke, Non-Functional and Complex Calculations)
77. What is Monkey testing?
78. Short comings of monkey testing?
79. How to overcome the challenge of not having input documentation for testing?
80. Write Video/Audio related General T.C?
81. Write some General T.C of Mobile App. testing?
82. If you have reported a bug and developer says he can't reproduce it. What would you do?
83. If you have 2 hours to execute 30 T.C , how would you do it?
84. If there is a bug, which you missed to report and your product release date is near. Moreover, you do
not have full time to do full Regression. What ll you do?
85. There are 3 piece of Code to be tested. Code B is dependent on Code A and Code C is independent.
Now, Code B is ready for testing but Code A is not and Code C is ready for testing. What approach ll you
follow to test it?
86. The application is functionally and independently stable. In UAT, testing again is it necessary to do
Regression testing?
87. Difference between Test Script and Test Scenario
88. Scenario# 01: You have been assigned new work as part of an on-going project. You have never had
exposure of technologies used, or had the opportunity to test anything like this before. The only thing
you have been provided is a High-level overview and the User Story that provides a bit more technical
insight. In addition, the lead developer has given you a list of possible tests that need to be performed.
He/She is available to answer any questions you may have. Most of the development has been
completed barring some small changes. You have been given 2 weeks to complete the testing. Briefly
explain what steps/actions you would take to effectively test this new piece of work.
89. Scenario# 02: If you have completed all testing and release is day after tomorrow and it is the
deadline like you have to submit it. But next day, another software with some new OS version has
release with which your software is not compatible. What ll be your take as a tester? (Remember:
Release is tomorrow and you cannot wait for update)
90. What would you do, if you have a large suite of T.C?
91. What is RTM?
92. In case you have any doubts regarding your project, how do you approach?
93. How do you determine, which piece of software require how much testing?
94. What were your Roles and Responsibilities in your last org.?
95. Leading testing techniques (i.e. Equivalence partitioning, BVA, Decision Table, State Transition
testing and Pairwise testing)
96. Leading testing approaches (i.e. Black Box, White Box, Unit, Integration, Functional, System, Stress,
Smoke, Regression and End-To-End)
97. What is the right time to commence QA activities?
98. How ll you handle a conflict within the team/between TM?
99. If you have no sufficient time for testing, and you have to complete the testing, then what ll you do?
100. Difference between DELETE, DROP and TRUNCATE
101. How to get top 2 salaries from employee table?
102. Why you left your last job OR why you want to switch?
103. Please tell some Risks that results in failure of project
104. What is parallel testing?
105. What is Audit?
106. What is Test Harness?
107. How we can improve the performance of our system?
108. What is Hits/Sec and Req./Sec?
109. What is Ramp-up?
110. What is Client-side Validation and Server-side Validation?
111. What is a Hotfix?
112. If you have executed 100 T.C, every T.C pass but apart from these you found some defect for which
T.C is not prepared, then how you can report the bug?
113. What is a good tester?
114. Is it mandatory to use USE CASES or directly one can write T.C from requirements?
115. Tester with development knowledge ll be more effective. Justify?
116. What is Equivalence Partitioning, give example?
117. What is BVA, give example?
118. Difference between Bug, Error, Defect and Failure?
119. What things should be tested in Regression testing?
120. What is the general testing process in last org.?
121. Which phase is called as the Blackout or Quite Phase in SDLC?
122. Difference between Build and Release
123. When to stop testing? (Or) How do you decide when you have tested enough?
124. he top management was feeling that when there are any changes in the technology being used,
development schedules etc., it was a waste of time to update the Test Plan. Instead, they were
emphasizing that you should put your time into testing than working on the test plan. Your Project
Manager asked for your opinion. You have argued that Test Plan is very important and you need to
update your test plan from time to time. It’s not a waste of time and testing activities would be more
effective when you have your plan clear. Use some metrics. How you would support your argument to
have the test plan consistently updated all the time.
125. The project had a very high cost of testing. After going in detail, someone found out that the testers
are spending their time on software that doesn’t have too many defects. How will you make sure that
this is correct?
126. Your customer does not have experience in writing Acceptance Test Plan. How will you do that in
coordination with customer? What will be the contents of Acceptance Test Plan?
127. What can you do if the requirements are changing continuously?
128. You have been asked to design a Defect Tracking system. Think about the fields you would specify
in the defect tracking system?
129. Prepare a checklist for the developers on Unit Testing before the application comes to testing
department.
130. You are a tester for testing a large system. The system data model is very large with many
attributes and there are a lot of inter-dependencies within the fields. What steps would you use to test
the system and also what are the effects of the steps you have taken on the test plan?
131. You are the test manager starting on system testing. The development team says that due to a
change in the requirements, they will be able to deliver the system for SQA 5 days past the deadline.
You cannot change the resources (work hours, days, or test tools). What steps will you take to be able to
finish the testing in time?
132. Your company is about to roll out an e-commerce application. It’s not possible to test the
application on all types of browsers on all platforms and operating systems. What steps would you take
in the testing environment to reduce the business risks and commercial risks?
133. You found out the senior testers are making more mistakes then junior testers; you need to
communicate this aspect to the senior tester. Also, you don’t want to lose this tester. How should one
go about constructive criticism?
134. You are assigned to be the test lead for a new program that will automate take-offs and landings at
an airport. How would you write a test strategy for this new program?
135. What is Sprint Planning and Release Planning?
136. Difference between Client Side Validation and Server Side Validation?
How to Estimate Testing effort?

Time Estimation method for Testing Process:

Step 1 : Count number of use cases (NUC) of system

Step 2 : Set Avg. Time Test Cases(ATTC) as per test plan

Step 3 : Estimate total number of test cases (NTC)

Total number of test cases = Number of Use Cases X Avg. Test Cases per a use case

Step 4 : Set Avg. Execution Time (AET) per a test case

Step 5 : Calculate Total Execution Time (TET)

TET = Total number of test cases * AET

Step 6 : Calculate Test Case Creation Time (TCCT)

Usually we will take 1.5 times of TET as TCCT

TCCT = 1.5 * TET

Step 7 : Time for Re-Test Case Execution (RTCE) this is for retesting

Usually we take 0.5 times of TET

RTCE = 0.5 * TET

Step 8 : Set Report generation Time (RGT

Usually we take 0.2 times of TET

RGT = 0.2 * TET

Step 9 : Set Test Environment Setup Time (TEST)

It also depends on test plan

Step 10 : Total Estimation time = TET + TCCT+ RTCE + RGT + TEST + some buffer.
How to create requirements test matrix template?

For a requirements test matrix template we perform following step:

Step 1: Find out number of requirements.

Step 2: Find out number of test cases.

Step 3: Create a table based on these. Let we have 10 requirements and 40 test cases, then we create a table

of 11 rows and 41 columns.

Step 4: On the first column of table copy all your 10 requirement numbers, and paste them into rows 2

through 11 of the table.

Step 5: Now copy all 40 test case numbers, and paste them into columns 2 through 41 of the table.

Step 6: Examine each of your 40 test cases, determine which of the 10 requirements they satisfy.