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DML Commands

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Dhavan Kumar
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3 views

DML Commands

Uploaded by

Dhavan Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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syntax to insert null rows:

insert into tablename values(val1,val2,...);

ex:

employees(empid,empname,salary,dept)

insert into employees values(1,'suresh',30000,'testing');

if don't know the employee id, then you can left it as null

for number column -> null


for varchar2/date -> ''

insert into employees values(null,'ram',45000,'developer');

insert into employees values(10,'',56000,'manager');

select statement:
* used to display rows inserted in a table.
syntax to display all rows under all columns in table:

select * from tablename;

ex:
select * from employees;

projection: display all rows under selected columns.


syntax to display selected columns from table:

select columnname,columnname,... from tablename;


ex:

select empname,salary from employees;

selection: display all columns and only selected rows

select * from tablename where condition;

condition -> expression -> used to select rows when condition is true
-> to write condition use relational and logical operators

value operator value

Relational operators ( < , <=, >, >=, = ,!=)


ex:
25 > 20 (true)
20 < 5 (false)
salary < 23000

Logical Operators (and, or, not, between, in, like)

ex:
Q) select rows from table employees only when salary is above 5000

select * from employees where salary > 5000;


Q) select rows from table employees only when salary is equals to 40000

select * from employees where salary=40000;

Q) select rows from table employees only of empid is 1 and salary is 24000;

select * from employees where empid=1 and salary=24000;

Q) display rows from table employees only when salary is in between 20000 and 25000

select * from employees where salary>=20000 and salary<=25000;

select * from employees where salary between 20000 and 25000;

Q) display rows from table employees only when dept column having tester or
developer

select * from employees where dept='tester' or dept='developer';

select * from employees where dept in('tester','developer');

Q) display rows from table employees only whne dept is not sales.

select * from employees where dept!='sales';

select * from employees where not dept='sales';

Q) display rows from table employees only when dept column not having tester or
developer

select * from employees where dept not in('tester','developer');

like operator:
used for pattern matching

pattern% ->pattern must present at beigin of the row


%pattern -> pattern must present in row at Ending of the row
%patter% -> search for pattern from begining to end.
ex:
select * from employees where dept like 'd%';

select * from employees where dept like '%s';

select * from employees where dept like '%na%';

update -> used to change the value after it is stored in table or fill null values
in table.
syntax:
update tablename set columnname=value where condition;
ex:
update employees set empname='rakesh' where empid=10;
delete -> used to delete rows from table.
syntax to delete all rows from table:
delete from tablename;
delete tablename;

syntax to delete selected rows from table:


delete from tablename where condition;
ex:
delete from employee;

delete from employees where dept='sales';

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