CS 576 Spring 2023– Assignment 1

Instructor: Parag Havaldar

Assigned on 01/23/2023
Solutions due on 02/13/2012 by 2:00 pm afternoon
Late submissions guidelines: None

This assignment will help you gain a practical understanding of Resampling and Filtering
in the spatial and temporal domain. It consists of two parts, the first one aimed to develop
your understanding of sampling/aliasing issues in the spatial domain and the second one
deals with sampling/aliasing issues in the temporal domain.

Part 1 –Spatial Resampling and Aliasing

In your program you will need to display two images side by side (in the same or two
different windows) –
1. Your original image displayed on the left – This is an image of size 512x512 that
you will create based on the criteria explained below.
2. Your processed output image displayed on the right – This image is the output of
your algorithms on the original image above to create a resampled image
depending on parameters explained below.

Input to your program will take three parameters:

• The first parameter n is the number of lines to create an image with radial pattern
of n black lines starting from the center of the image towards the boundaries. The
image has a white background. Each consecutive line is separated by 360/n
degrees. The idea here is by increasing n, you can increase the frequency content
in an image.
• The second parameter s will be scaling value that scales the input image by a
factor. This is a floating-point number eg – s=0.5 will scale the image down to
256x256. Note s will be a floating-point number between 0 and 1.0.
• The third parameter will be a Boolean value (0 or 1) suggesting whether or not
you want to deal with aliasing. A 0 signifies do nothing (your output will have
aliasing) – which means you need copy the direct mapped pixel value from input
to output. A value 1 signifies that anti-aliasing should be performed – which
means that instead of the direct mapped value you need to copy a low pass filtered
value to the output. See lecture for more explanation of this in class.

To invoke your program, we will compile it and run it at the command line as

Mypart1.exe 16 0.5 0
This will create original 512x512 image to the left with 8 lines radially as shown, and the
output is scaled down by 2.0 creating an image of size 256x256 as shown.

Similarly,
Mypart1.exe 360 0.5 0
Will create an image with a denser pattern with each line separated by one degree,
ultimately scaled down to half its size.

Analysis Questions for part 1 – submit as a pdf or word document

1. Let’s try an experiment where s (scale factor) remains constant and n (number of
lines) is allowed to vary. Comment on your results by using various constant
values of s for changing n. You may attach results, plot charts etc. to qualify your
results.
2. Let’s try another experiment, this time keep n (number of lines) constant and
varying s (scale factor). Comment on your results by using various constant
values of n for changing s. You may attach results, plot charts etc. to qualify your
results.

Part 2 –Temporal Aliasing

In your program you will need to display two videos side by side –
1. Your original video displayed on the left – This is video of size 512x512 that you
will create based on the criteria explained below. This is radial pattern just as in
part 1, but it is also rotating clockwise at a certain specified speed. The creation
and updating of your image at the respective times should simulate a rotating
wheel.
2. Your processed output video displayed on the right – The output video is also of
size 512x512 but in order to simulate temporal aliasing effects it will be given an
fps rate of display, which means your output will be updated at specific times.

Input to your program will take three parameters where

 • The first parameter n is the number of lines to create an image with radial pattern
of n black lines starting from the center of the image towards the boundaries. The
image has a white background. Each consecutive line is separated by 360/n
degrees. The idea here is by increasing n, you can increase the frequency content
in an image.
• The second parameter s will be a speed of rotations in terms of rotations per
second. This is a floating-point number eg – s=2.0 indicates that the wheel is
making two full rotations in a second, s=7.5 indicates that the wheel is making
seven and a half rotations in a second. Remember this is the original input video
signal with a very high display rate.
• The third parameter will be a fps value suggesting that not all frames of the input
video are displayed, but only a specific frames per second are displayed.
To invoke your program, we will compile it and run it at the command line as

Mypart2.exe 64 4.0 10.0

In this case, the input video consists of images with 64 lines (as explained in part one),
rotating clockwise at 4 revolutions per second (displayed on the left) and the right output
is a temporally sampled version displayed at 10.0 frames per second. Here, for a rate of
4.0 rotations per second, the Nyquist factor is 8.0, so any fps above 8.0 should not result
in temporal aliasing and the output should be the same as input.

Mypart2.exe 64 4.0 7.5

In this case, the input video consists of images with 64 lines (as explained in part one),
rotating clockwise at 4 revolutions per second (displayed on the left) and the right output
is a temporally sampled version displayed at 7.5 frames per second. Here, for a rate of 4.0
rotations per second, the Nyquist factor is 8.0, so any fps below 8.0 should result in
temporal aliasing – manifested by the wheel not rotating the way it should

Analysis Questions for part 2 – submit as a pdf or word document

Let’s try an experiment where s (speed of rotation) remains constant and fps (number of
lines) is allowed to vary. Study the value of the os (observed speed of rotation) ,
especially when there is temporal aliasing.
1. Can you design a formula relating s, fps and os.
Evaluate if your formula works for certain values of s and fps. If s = 10 rotations per
second,
2. What is the observed speed os for an fps of 25?
3. What is the observed speed os for an fps of 16?
4. What is the observed speed os for an fps of 10?
5. What is the observed speed os for an fps of 8?

Part 3 (Optional Extra Credit)

Change part2 of your assignment to take in two additional parameters –
• The fourth parameter will be a boolean value (0 or 1) suggesting whether or not
you want to deal with aliasing. A 0 signifies do nothing (temporal aliasing will
remain in your output). A value 1 signifies that temporal anti-aliasing should be
 performed – you need to design a method to decrease temporal aliasing that
shows better output videos.
• The fifth parameter s2 will be a scale factor that scales the input video down by a
factor. This is a floating point number eg – s=2.0 will scale the video down to
256x256. Note s need not be a complete integer. Also if the fourth parameter
above is a 1, then you need to perform spatial antialiasing (like part1) along with
temporal antialiasing.
Together with these two parameters you should be able to create scaled videos of your
input at different frame rates and simultaneously minimize any aliasing effects due to
resampling temporarily and spatially.

To invoke your extra credit we will compile it and run it at the command line as

MyExtraCredit.exe 64 4.0 7.0 1 1.0

In this case, the input video consists of images with 64 lines (as explained in part one),
rotating clockwise at 4 revolutions per second (displayed on the left) and the right output
is a temporally sampled version displayed at 7 frames per second. Here, for a rate of 4.0
rotations per second, the Nyquist factor is 8.0, will result in temporal aliasing which will
have to be antialised. The output size does not change.

MyExtraCredit.exe 64 4.0 7.0 1 2.0

In this case, the input video consists of images with 64 lines (as explained in part one),
rotating clockwise at 4 revolutions per second (displayed on the left) and the right output
is a temporally sampled version displayed at 7 frames per second. Here, for a rate of 4.0
rotations per second, the Nyquist factor is 8.0, will result in temporal aliasing which will
have to be antialised. The output size is also halved and it will induce spatial aliasing
which will have to be antialiased as in part1.

What should you submit ?

• Your source code ONLY (no data or binaries), your project file or makefile, if any
and your analysis questions answered in a pdf or a word document. You should
submit your work make use of DEN’s submit process. Please do not submit any
binaries or media files. You will be adversely penalized if you do. We will
compile your program and execute our tests accordingly.