ARTS APPRECIATION

NOTES
Hannah Alyssa M. Galuso

PROSODY
Pro - Prose
Ody - Melody

MUSIC
Classical
Impressionist
Romantic
Contemporary

ART SONG
Melody should enhance the text/lyrics
Erl King

Lesson 1 What is Art?

MODULE 1: Lesson 1
WHAT IS ART?
THE HUMANITIES:
➔ The word HUMANITIES come from the Latin “Humanus”, which means human, culture, and
refined. To be human is to have or show qualities like Rationality, Kindness, and Tenderness. It
has different connotations in different Historical eras. Today, however, we know of humanities as
a loosely defined group of cultural subject areas. Unlike other subjects, it is not a group of
scientific or technical subjects. Thus, the term Humanities refers to the arts. The VISUAL ARTS
such as Architecture, Painting, and Sculpture; The PERFORMING ARTS such as Music, Dance,
and Theater, and the LITERARY RTS such as Literature. They are the branches of learning
concerned with Human Thought, Feelings, and Relations. The Importance of the Human Being
and his Feelings and how he expresses those feelings have always been the concern of the
Humanities.
THE ARTS:
➔ Art is a highly diverse range of human activities engaged in creating visual, auditory, or
performed artifacts— artworks—that express the author’s imaginative or technical skill, and are
intended to be appreciated for their beauty or emotional power.
➔ The oldest documented forms of art are visual arts, which include images or objects in fields
like painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, and other visual media. Architecture is often
included as one of the visual arts; however, like the decorative arts, it involves the creation of
objects where the practical considerations of use are essential, in a way that they usually are not
in another visual art, like a painting.
➔ Art may be characterized in terms of mimesis (its representation of reality), expression,
communication of emotion, or other qualities. Though the definition of what constitutes art is
disputed and has changed over time, general descriptions center on the idea of imaginative or
technical skill stemming from human agency and creation. When it comes to visually identifying
a work of art, there is no single set of values or aesthetic traits. A Baroque painting will not
necessarily share much with a contemporary performance piece, but they are both considered art.

NATURE OF THE ARTS:

 ARTS from the latin word “ARS” meaning skill
 Man creates ART not nature, but nature is the source of ARTS.
 ART exists with Man
 ART imitates (it represents or copies nature)
 ART interprets (it is a depiction of reality)
 ART expresses and communicates
 ART affects, delights, and evokes a reaction
 ART processes an experience
WHAT IS ART?
⦿ Art - derived from the Aryan root word “AR” –which means to put together
⦿ Art – from Latin “ars” – meaning ability or skill
⦿ The dictionary definition of art says that it is “the conscious use of skill and creative
imagination especially in the production of aesthetic objects” (Merriam-Webster)
⦿ “Art is the activity by which a person, having experienced an emotion, intentionally
transmits it to others” – Leo Tolstoy
⦿ Art is any creative work of a human being
⦿ Art is a form of expressing oneself
⦿ Art resides in the quality of doing; process is not magic
⦿ Art is the act of making something visually entertaining
⦿ Art is that activity which manifests beauty
⦿ Art is mastery, an ideal way of doing things
⦿ Art is not a thing — it is a way (Elbert Hubbard)
⦿ Art is the most intense mode of individualism that the world has known
⦿ The truth is that art is more than just a practice – it is a way of life. Art is more than just a
skill – it is a passion. Art is more than just an image – each one tells a story.

ASSUMPTIONS OF ARTS

1.ART IS UNIVERSAL
ART knows no limit, it transcends cultures, races and civilizations
⦿ 1.1 Art as Means of Communication
means of expressing thoughts and feelings through – music, dances, literary pieces,
decorative arts, paintings and drawings, etc.
Communicate feelings and emotions – happiness, loneliness, pride, rage, revolt
Used to call for unity and reconciliation – anthem (PNA), Monuments, festivals etc.
Use to communicate mutiny and rebellion
⦿ 1.2 Art is Timeless
It goes beyond the time of our own existence (from ancient to modern world)
It continually evolves (never stops innovating, re-creating, reinventing and reviving
works of Art)
Art is timeless – like classical music
Art defines time – ex. Style of filming/directing, clothing, hair styles, make-up, musical
scoring
ART DEFINES TIME , TIME ALSO DEFINES ART
⦿ 1.3 Art Addresses Human Needs
⦿ “Art is there to serve our human fundamental needs” (Ortiz, et.al, 1976.6)
⦿ Through directly functional and indirectly functional arts, we are provided with a variety
of offerings – comfort, entertainment and education, which would somehow lead us to self-
fulfilment and satisfaction.
2. Art is Not Nature
⦿ In what way are nature and art related and associated?
⦿ “We cannot compare Art with nature because it is something mysterious and it is made by
the Divine Persona whose depth and mystery is beyond human understanding.”
⦿ NATURE
⦿ --TOO BIG, TOO GRAND, too mysterious, too beautiful..
⦿ Raw and organic
⦿ It has life on its own
⦿ ART
⦿ ..refined, and processed
⦿ In what way are nature and art related and associated?
⦿ 1. Why is nature not art?
They have mutual “give and take relationship”
⦿ 2. In what particular aspect nature and art relate?
Both are perceived through the senses
Both inspired us
Both provided us fuel and work, life and hope, materials and medium

3. Art involves experience

⦿ Art is the representation of our experiences
⦿ It demands involvement; immersion to the ARTS: spend time to look, listen, touch and
feel its presence
⦿ What are the Functions of Art?

CLASSIFICATION OF ARTS
⦿ THE DIRECTLY FUNCTIONAL ART
⦿ THE INDIRECTLY FUNCTIONAL ART
DIRECTLY FUNCTIONAL ART
⦿ ART that we use in our daily lives
⦿ Tools
⦿ Architectural structures
⦿ Roads
⦿ Bridges
⦿ Buildings
⦿ Furniture
⦿ Kitchen utensils
⦿ Coins
⦿ Bills
⦿ Dress
⦿ Weapons etc.

INDIRECTLY FUNCTIONAL ART

⦿ ART perceived through the senses
⦿ Fine arts
⦿ Painting
⦿ music
⦿ sculpture
⦿ Dance
⦿ Literary piece
⦿ theatrical performances

ART “SERVES BASIC HUMAN NEEDS”

1. AESTHETIC FUNCTION
2. UTILITARIAN FUNCTION
3. SOCIAL FUNCTION
4. CULTURAL FUNCTION

SPOLIARIUM THE PARISIAN LIFE

The Taj Mahal of Agra Coliseum of Rome RENAISSANCE –

MICHAEANGELO

Very Hungry God Bahay Kubo teacup

fllower Brother in arms parian

⦿ The Taj Mahal of Agra – was built in memory of the loving wife of the emperor of India,
Mumtaz-I-Mahal
⦿ Coliseum of Rome –the size of a modern football stadium is where gladiators fought
⦿ Made out of hundreds of kitchen utensils, pots and pans, Very Hungry God made by the
artist Sudobh Gupta on 2006 is now on display at the Frieze Art Fair in Regent’s Park, London.
THE PARK'S MOST DISTINCTIVE FEATURE IS BROTHERS IN ARMS,
• a 10-foot-high bronze sculpture by Filipino artist Manuel Casas, depicting an American
soldier supporting a badly wounded Filipino soldier.

⦿ Why are the arts important?

⦿ They provide knowledge and understanding
⦿ Reflect culture and tradition, it documents and reveals the way of life….
⦿ Build self-confidence and self-worth: The primary means of self-expression..or source of
living/others fad and leisure
⦿ Stimulate creativity and craftsmanship
⦿ A source of joy and employment
⦿ Promote cultural and spiritual upliftment
⦿ Provide avenues for discovery of spiritual and emotional dimensions of life
⦿ What is Art? –
There will always be debates about what art is and what is not.
⦿ But no matter what the definition of art may be, it has been around us for as long as
humans have existed (i.e. cave paintings, hieroglyphics). Whether or not we are aware of it, we
allow art to affect our lives one way or another, and the reasons why we make art are many!

WE USE ART FOR ...

⦿ entertainment,
⦿ cultural appreciation,
⦿ aesthetics,
⦿ personal improvement, and
⦿ even social change
⦿ We use art in order to thrive in this world.

Lesson Two Form and Content

In recognizing contents in painting, drawing, sculpture or other kinds of works, size, medium and
descriptions of compositional elements are involved. These visual clues can provide you with an
understanding of what the art tells us. Content meanings are sometimes vague and hidden and
need more information than what is present in the work itself.
Aesthetics is a visual discrimination and a philosophical argument about the nature of beauty
feelings, ideas, images and form. We draw ideas or central concepts to explore art. Aesthetics
deals with notions of taste, cultural conventions – ideas of art being ‘good’ and ‘bad’ based on
specific cultural information, beliefs and the judgments we make based on our perceptions.
Aesthetics are often misunderstood and oftentimes the source of controversy and irony that
thrives from common experience that contradicts one's idea. This relative understanding is part
of the culture and probably becomes more complex if the way to use imagery, medium and
meanings is not known to all.

Common Misconceptions
Appropriating Cultural Expression to take without permission or consent
Problematic Terms:
ARTWORKS (limited to paintings)
Cultural Dance (all dances are cultural)
Cultural Show (all shows are cultural
VOCABULARY

ELEMENTS OF ART: The visual components of color, form, line, shape, space,
texture, and value.
Line An element of art defined by a point moving in space. Line may be two-or
three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract.

Shape An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to height and width.

Form An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses volume; includes

height, width AND depth (as in a cube, a sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder).
Form may also be free flowing.

Value The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the lightest value;
black is the darkest. The value halfway between these extremes is called
middle gray.

Space An element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined or a sense
of depth achieved in a work of art .

Color An element of art made up of three properties: hue, value, and intensity.
• Hue: name of color
• Value: hue’s lightness and darkness (a color’s value changes when white or
black is added)
• Intensity: quality of brightness and purity (high intensity= color is strong
and bright; low intensity= color is faint and dull)

Texture An element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look as if they might
feel if touched.

PRINCIPLES OF ART: Balance, emphasis, movement, proportion, rhythm, unity, and

variety; the means an artist uses to organize elements within a work of art.
Rhythm A principle of design that indicates movement, created by the careful
placement of repeated elements in a work of art to cause a visual
tempo or beat.

Balance A way of combining elements to add a feeling of equilibrium or

stability to a work of art. Major types are symmetrical and
asymmetrical.
 Emphasis A way of combining elements to stress the differences between
(contrast) those elements.

Proportion A principle of design that refers to the relationship of certain

elements to the whole and to each other.

Gradation A way of combining elements by using a series of gradual

changes in those elements. (large shapes to small shapes, dark hue
to light hue, etc)

Harmony A way of combining similar elements in an artwork to accent their

similarities (achieved through use of repetitions and subtle
gradual changes)

Variety A principle of design concerned with diversity or contrast. Variety is

achieved by using different shapes, sizes, and/or colors in a work of
art.

Movement A principle of design used to create the look and feeling of action and
to guide the viewer’s eye throughout the work of art.

For more information, go to this link 15 Elements and Principles of Art That Take an Artist from
Beginner to Master (artistsnetwork.com)

Churches are repositories of valuable works of art. It is a status symbol of the wealth of the
people living in the place. According to Confucius, “”the kind of music that people sing are the
kind of people in the place. In other words, art mirrors society in general.
During the Baroque and Rococo period, paintings were illusionistic, while sculptures and
architecture were embellished and illustrated to show details. Both periods created a decorative
unity in churches and other physical spaces where they could be viewed and patronized.
In architecture, aside from churches, large spaces are integrated in palaces and manors of
monarchs and aristocrats. These large halls combined graceful and subtle spaces called salons
where guests are entertained and indirectly to show off the owners vast sculptural and painting
collections in distinct architectural styles for social essence.
An important contribution of these periods is the use of intense light and dark contrast in painting
called ‘chiaroscuro’. Other decorative art works include displays of candelabras, canapes,
commodes, decorated altars in carved woods, gilded columns, stucco, marble and porcelain,
among others.
See the attached powerpoint* Subjects
Generally, the object that is depicted by the artist in his artworks is regarded as a subject.
Subjects are windows of every artworks. Through the subject, the viewer will be informed of
what the work is all about.
Art in itself is storytelling and at times conveys powerful and inspiring stories.