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EDTA Experiment

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26 views

Document 1

EDTA Experiment

Uploaded by

kotaa6731
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Estimation of Hardness of water by

EDTA (or) Complexometric Method


Determination of Hardness of Water: -
Hardness of water is determined by using the EDTA (or) Complexometric Method.

What is EDTA (or) Complexometric Method? : -


Hardness of water sample is determined by titrating it against a standard EDTA
solution using the EBT indicator. This method is known as EDTA (or)
Complexometric Method.

Principle: -
1. Calcium (Ca²⁺) and Magnesium (Mg²⁺) ions causes hardness of water.
2. These ions form selective complexes with the EBT indicator.
3. EDTA forms stable complexes with Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions.

4. EDTA (as disodium salt) yields the anion of ethylene diamine tetra acetate,
which forms complex ions with Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺.
5. Eriochrome black-T (EBT) indicator is used to determine the equivalence point
of the titration.
6. EBT forms an unstable wine-red complex with Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions.

7. During titration, EDTA reacts with Ca²⁺ or Mg²⁺, forming a stable colourless [M-
EDTA] complex, allowing EBT to exhibit the solution blue colour.
8. The transition from wine-red to blue colour indicates the end point of the
titration.

9. Adding EDTA to hard water facilitates the formation of complex ions with Ca²⁺ and
Complex Structure of EDTA (Ethyl Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid)

Procedure: -
1) Preparation of Standard Hard water
2) Standardization of EDTA
3) Determination of Total Hardness of Unknown Water Sample
4) Determination of Permanent Hardness of Unknown Water Sample
5) Determination of Temporary Hardness of Unknown Water Sample

1) Preparation of Standard Hard Water:


1) Dissolve 1gm of MgSO4 in a minimum amount of distilled water in a 100ml volumetric
flask.

2) Add 50ml of water and make up to the 100ml mark.

3) Find the Normality of MgSO4 which is ‘N1’ .

Wt 1000
N 1= ×
Eq .Wt V ml

2) Standardization of EDTA:
1) Take 20ml of standard hard water in a conical flask.

2) Add 5ml buffer and a few drops of Eriochrome black-T indicator (solution turns wine-
red).

3) Titrate with EDTA solution until colour changes from wine-red to blue.

4) Record burette reading and repeat for two concurrent values (volume of EDTA = ‘V2’ ml).

N1V1 = N2V2
N1 = Normality of Standard Hard Water
N2 = Normality of EDTA Solution
V1 = Volume of Standard Hard Water
V2 = Volume of EDTA consumed (BR)
3) Determination of Total Hardness of Unknown
Water Sample:
1) Take 20ml of unknown hard water in a conical flask.

2) Add 5ml buffer and a few drops of Eriochrome black-T indicator, then titrate against
standardized EDTA.

3) Record burette reading and repeat for two concurrent values (volume of EDTA = ‘V2’ ml).

N2V2 = N3V3
N2 = Normality of EDTA Solution
N3 = Normality of hard water
V2 = Volume of EDTA consumed (BR)
V3 = Volume of hard water

4) Calculate Total Hardness using the formula N3 x 50 x 1000 = _ _ _ _ ppm

4) Determination of Permanent Hardness of Unknown


Water Sample:
1) Take 50ml of unknown hard water and boil for 15 minutes.

2) Allow to cool, then filter into a clean conical flask.

3) Add 5ml buffer and few drops of Eriochrome Black-T indicator, and titrate against
standardised EDTA.

4) Record burette reading and repeat for two concurrent values (volume of EDTA = ‘V2’ ml).

N2V2 = N4V4
N2 = Normality of EDTA Solution
N4 = Normality of hard water
V2 = Volume of EDTA consumed (BR)
V4 = Volume of hard water

5) Calculate Permanent Hardness using the formula N4 x 50 x 1000 = _ _ _ _ ppm

5) Determination of Temporary Hardness of Unknown


Water Sample:
1) Calculate Temporary Hardness using the formula

Temporary Hardness = Total Hardness – Permanent Hardness


= _ _ _ppm

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