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What Are Units of Hardness

Describes about Units of Hardness

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43 views1 page

What Are Units of Hardness

Describes about Units of Hardness

Uploaded by

kotaa6731
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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What are units of hardness?

Give an interconvertable relation

Degree of Hardness: -
It is expressed in terms of Calcium Carbonate equivalents and different salts causing hardness are
converted into Ca(CO)3 equivalent.

CaCO3 as Standard: -
It is Chosen for reporting hardness due to its insolubility and convenient molecular weight of 100.

 Parts per million (ppm): -


It is a unit which measures the number of parts of Ca(CO)3 hardness in one million parts of water.
1 ppm = 1 part of Ca(CO)3 equivalents in 106 parts of water

 Milligram per Litre (mg/l): -


It is a unit which represents the number of milligrams of Ca(CO)3 equivalent per litre of hard water.
1 mg/l = 1 part of Ca(CO)3 equivalents in 106 parts of water

 Degree Clarke (°Cl): -


It is a unit which indicates parts of Ca(CO)3 equivalents per 70,000 parts of water.
1 (°Cl) = 1 part of Ca(CO)3 equivalents in 7x104 parts of water

 Degree French (°Fr): -


It is a French unit measuring parts of Ca(CO)3 equivalents in 100,000 parts of water.
1 (°Fr) = 1 part of Ca(CO)3 equivalents in 105 parts of water

Interconvertable Relation
The inter relation between units of hardness is: -
1 ppm = 1 mg/L = 0.1 (°Fr) = 0.07 (°Cl)

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