Cre S.1 Simplified Guiding Notes (LSC)

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS
EDUCATION
A Competency Based Curriculum Approach
Book 1
Notes
Simplified
Low Secondary Curriculum
Guide
Lucky Jonathan
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Content
Theme: MAN’S RELATIONSHIP WITH GOD
Chapter 1
WORSHIP
i)-The meaning of worship……………………………………………………………. 3
ii) Forms of worship in the Christian church…………………………………………. 10
iii) Worship in the lives of the Apostles………………………………………………. 32
iv) Emerging practices of worship in the modern world……………………………… 35
v) Worship before the coming of religion in Africa………………………………….. 39
vi) Sample activity of integration……………………………………………………... 42
Chapter 2
CHRISTIAN RITUALS AND CELEBRATIONS
i)-Main religious rituals in Christianity……………………………………………… 44
ii) Christian rituals and their origin in the bible……………………………………… 50
iii) Christian symbols and celebrations……………………………………………….. 53
iv) Sample activities of integration…………………………………………………… 57
Chapter 3
VALUES IN CHRISTIANITY, ISLAM, AND AFRICAN
TRADITIONAL RELIGION.
i)-The foundation of Christianity, Islam and African Traditional Religion…………. 58
ii) Common beliefs in Islam, Christianity and African Traditional Religions……….. 68
iii) The relationship between Christian and Islamic beliefs…………………………... 74
iv) Biblical teachings about harmonious living……………………………………….. 81
v) Sample Activities of integration…………………………………………………… 84
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CHAPTER I
Topic: WORSHIP
Sub topic 1:1
THE MEANING OF WORSHIP
Qn. What is worship?
Worship is used to mean having a strong feeling of respect and admiration for God.
Or It’s the act of showing great honor and homage to God.
Or Worship may also mean going for or attending a religious ceremony.
Note;
 Christians give more respect and honor to God and other divine things.
 The things they do to show respect and honor to God is what we term as worship.
 Worship can be referred to someone important, for example “His Worship the Lord
mayor”.
 But in this section, worship is used to mean having a strong feeling of respect and
admiration for God or a god.
 It can also mean to go for a religious ceremony.
 Worship is also aimed at showing commitment, love, faith, trust and devotion to God.
Why do we worship God?

(Activity 1;2 fountain)
Qn. Generate reasons why we worship god
 We worship God for his work of creation for example the stars, planets etc.
 We worship God for creating us in his image.
 We worship God because we were created to worship him.
 We worship God because He is faithful. (Isaiah 30;18)
 We worship God because He provides for us.
 We worship God because He loves us.
 We worship God because of His unfailing love for us (psalms 13;5)
 We worship God because He has good plans for us. (Jeremiah 29;110
 We worship God because He is our protector and provider.
 We worship God because He is powerful over any creature on earth.

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Forms of worship today
(activity 1;3 fountain)
Qn. Identify the form of worship you know
 Singing;
 Praying.
 Offering to God.
 Playing musical instruments in praising and worshiping God.
 Mediation.
 Fellowshipping.
 Fasting.
 Practicing charity services/ helping the needy.
 Reading the bible scriptures.
 Going for pilgrimages for example those who participate in going to celebrate the
Uganda Martyrs.
Note;
 Different religious groups have got many ways of expressing commitment, trust and love
to God.
 This depends on the religious groups or denominations one belongs to. For example, the
Catholics, Orthodox, Protestants, Pentecostals, Seventh day Adventists etc.
 Worship is then conducted by trained officials like Reverends, priests, pastors, bishops
etc.
(activity 1;4 fountain)
Qn. Using internet, dictionary, resource books, find the meanings of the forms of worship you
have discussed above.
 Prayer
Is simply communicating to God. This depends on one’s intension of communicating to God. It
can be for thanks, help, repentance, inquiring, forgiveness etc.
 Fasting.
Is essentially giving up food or something else like sex etc. for a period of time in order to focus
your thoughts to God.
 Mediation.
Is a form of worship of deliberately focusing on specific thoughts about God or his world and
reflecting on their meaning.

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 Singing.
Is simply communicating to God through playing hypes and singing words of praise to God
glorifying him.
 Offertory.
This is giving God a present or gift of thanks for his good deeds for example food for the better
harvests.
 Fellowship.
This is bothering together by the Christians to give praise and worship to God and also share the
word of God.
 Reading scriptures.
This is taking part in reading the bible and also understanding the bible better. i.e. through bible
studies.
 Charity services.
This is the generous actions of giving or donations to help the needy, helpless and many more
others.
 Paying pilgrimage visits.
This is when Christians move to Christian memorial places to pray in memory for their good
deeds and also take part in prayers and submissions to God.
The purposes of worship

Qn. Mention the benefits the worshipers get through worship from God.
 Worship increases a worshiper’s understanding of God.
 Worship helps to build a worshiper’s confidence in God.
 Worship also increases one’s faith in God.
 God answers our prayers when we do worship.
 Worship makes us bold in God’s presence.
 Christians get revelations, knowledge and understanding through worship.
 One becomes close to God when worshiping.
 We become peaceful when we worship God.
 Worship also gives assurance in our lives that is to say the present and our future.
 We get blessings and gifts from God. For example, talents are revealed, a gift of love,
peace and faith.

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Worshiping God in different circumstances
Qn. Mention any examples of good and difficult times that people go through and do worship
God for his kindness and guidance.
This include;
 Loss of loved ones.
 Failing in examinations.
 Over whelming debts.
 Miscarriages.
 Weddings.
 Winning court cases.
 Passing examinations for the good side of it.
 Winning elections for the politicians.
 Celebrating prosperity and success like in jobs, child birth, good harvests etc.
 War times.
 Times of sickness and many more others.
 Times of divorce for the married couples.
 Times of ordination at most for the religious leaders.
Qn. Suggest ways in which people should worship God.
 Through singing and dancing to glorify god’s name.
 Giving thanks in form of offertory to God.
 Testifying for the goodness of God to our lives.
 Celebrating important events like Easter days, charismas days etc.
 Praying regularly for God’s presence and guidance.
 Taking part in repentance whenever on wrong.
 Taking part in fasting.
 Taking part in sessions like intersessions i.e. interceding for the sick, country etc.
 Also having time reflecting to God.
 Through mediations.
Forms of worship in the bible

Qn. Read the bible and identify the forms of worship in them. Give the importance of the
forms of worship you have identified
Bible text The form of worship Importance of the form of worship
Daniel 9;3-6 Praying and fasting  It brings god’s intervention.
 It brings one close to God.

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1 Chronicles 13;8 Singing and dancing  It’s a form of giving thanks to God.
 It pleases the worshipers and God.
Psalms 33;1-2 Singing and playing  It’s a form of praising god for His
musical instruments goodness and love.
 It’s enjoyable and refreshing.
Psalms 47;1-9 Singing, clapping,  It brings intimacy between the
praising God. worshippers and God.
Psalms 100;1-5 Singing and praising.  It brings God’s attention.
 It pleases God.
John 4;24 Worshiping god in spirit.  You get to know God.
 Get revelation.
1 Thessalonians Praying.  Brings victory, protection, guidance
5;17 and confidence.
Hebrews 13;15 Praising, confessing God  It pleases God and causes him to dress
as lord. us.
Job 1;18-22 Praying and confessing  It pleases God whenever we pray to
to God him in times of trouble.
Note;
We come to learn that worship was part of people in the biblical times.
They worshiped God in different forms depending on their situations. Those in happy moments
would sing, dance and offer to God thanksgiving sacrifices.
Those in sorrow would cry and fast and repent for God to intervene.
Worship in Exodus 20;1-17

Qn. What things should Christians do in order to worship God well.
 Christians are called upon to worship God a lone and have other Gods attached.
 Christians are also to obey and keep God’s commandments holy.
 Christians are to remember the sabbath day and keep it holy by attending church
fellowships so as to praise God.
 Christians are encouraged to honor the elderly and also the young to honor their parents.
 Christians are to have faith and trust in God as the creator of the universe and also giving
him honor and praise.
Qn. What things should Christian avoid to do in order to worship God well.
 Christians are argued not to worship other gods other than one God the creator.
 Christians are argued not to bow to any images.
 Christians are argued not to misuse the name of God for false promises.
 Christians are also argued not to murder.

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 Christians are argued not to tell lies.
 Christians are also argued not to commit adultery.
 Christians are argued not to steal.
 Christians are argued not to give false testimonies against their neighbors.
 Christians are also not to convert other people’s property.
Note;
The ten commandments in Exodus 20;1-17 were given by God to the children of Israel and they
were to guide them on how to deal well with him and other fellow humans.
Obedience to the commandments would show respect and honor to God.
Even us today are encouraged to follow the ten commandments as stated by God.
Other moments of worship in the Bible.

Qn. In groups, learners read the scriptures in the bible and write short notes on them.
Bible texts Note
1 king 3;1-4  King Solomon offered hundreds of burnt offering sacrifices to

the lord as a sign of love and form of worship.
Exodus 15;1-21  The children of Israel and Moses sang praises to the Lord after
He delivered them from the Egyptians. Mariam also sang for
the Lord.
Genesis 15;7-10  Abraham brought animals to sacrifice them for God.
Genesis 4;3-4  Cain and Abel brought offerings to God.
1 Samuel 7;3-6  Samuel told the people of Israel to dedicate themselves to

worship God alone. They fasted and gave offerings to God and
God forgave their sins.
Genesis 17;11-14  God commanded Abraham and his descendants to carry out
circumcision as a sign of entering into a covenant with Him.
This was a form of worship.
2 Samuel 6;5  David and all the Israelites were dancing and singing with all
their might to God, playing harps, lyres, drums and rattles
when the covenant box returned to Jerusalem.
Acts 4;31-32  After they prayed, the place where they were meeting was
shaken. And they were all filled with the holy spirit and spoke
the word of God boldly.
 All the believers were one in heart and mind. No one claimed
that any of their possessions was their own, but they shared
everything they had.

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Note;
In the bible, worship took a big part in the lives of people. It’s the main reason why God created
human.
In the new testament, Jesus obeyed and took part in worship and also apostles.
 Worship brings people close to God.
 Worship makes people receive answers for their needs.
 Through worship people receive strength, faith, trust, hope and encouragement to move
on even amongst challenges.
 Helps people to become God fearing and to rely on Gods guidance.
 Worshipers display a good character and example to the rest of the people.
 Helps people inherit heaven after the present life.
 It’s a lesson to all Christians not to abandon the habit of worshiping God.

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Sub topic 1:2
FORMS OF WORSHIP IN THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH
These forms of worship include the following.
 Worship through prayer.
 Worship through singing.
 Worship through charity.
 Worship through offertory.
 Worship through fasting.
 Worship through reading bible and mediation.
Worship through prayer

Qn. What is prayer?
Prayer is a way of communicating to God.
Or Prayer is a sincere request for help or show of thanks to God.
Or Prayer can also mean a religious service at which people gather in order to pray together.
Note;
 Human communicate to God in prayer. i.e. People pray in the morning, afternoon and
evening before they sleep.
 They pray in their homes, at school and even in their communities.
Reasons why people pray

Qn. Identify the reasons why people pray to God.
 People pray so as to know God more.
 People pray to express their gratitude to God.
 Some people pray to succeed or pass examinations. i.e. for the sake of students.
 People pray in times of need like job seeking.
 People pray to get anointed.
 People pray to get good health, victory over enemies etc.
 People also pray so as to be relieved from bad times like poverty, conflicts/wars etc.
 People pray for peace and guidance.
 People pray for prosperity.
 People also pray so as to achieve a gift of long life.
 People pray for provision of blessings, protection and God’s mercy.

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Note;
Out of God’s goodness and mercy, He answers our prayers.
That is why others come back to Him to give thanks for the good He does to our life.
People should always pray and not faint because there was help. God answers prayers.
Read Psalms 23;1-6
Psalms 23;1-6
1. A psalm of David. The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not be in want.
2. He makes me lie down in green pastures, he leads me besides quite waters,
3. He restores my soul. He guides me in paths of righteousness for his name’s sake.
4. Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for you
are with me; your rod and your staff, they comfort me.
5. You prepare a table before me in the presence of my enemies. You anoint my head with
oil; my cup overflows.
6. Surely goodness and love will follow me all the days of my life, and I will dwell in the
house of the Lord forever.
Qn. What kind of prayer is Psalms 23?
Psalms 23;
 Is a thanks giving prayer.
 It talks about the goodness of God.
 It’s a prayer of protection and victory over enemies.
 It also talks of God’s guidance being with us.
 Also talks about God being the provider of ever thing we need.
 It’s a prayer of God’s blessings for provision.
Note;
According to the Psalms,
 People always pray to God for life, provisions like food, good health, money and
blessings.
 They also pray to God for protection, shelter, good facilities, victory over their enemies
etc.
And out of God’s goodness and mercy, He answers them. That’s why others come back to him to
give thanks.

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Prayer at Home
Do you pray at home? Do you pray alone or you pray with other members of your family?
Do you have specific times for prayer? So, praying alone is good but praying as a family is
better.
Importance of family prayers
Qn. Give reasons why praying together as a family is important.
 Family prayers create a bond between family members.
 Brings back broken relationships with other family members.
 Promotes peace wherever there is a conflict in the family.
 Brings happiness in the family because of the unity promoted in prayer.
 Promotes guidance and counselling among family members.
 Prayerful families experience God’s powers of protection and provision whenever need is
demanded.
 Prayers promote good health and fulfillment of other basic needs like shelter completion,
school fees for the school going children etc.
 Creates equality among family members i.e. each one does his or her responsibilities
when required and no complains.
 Family prayers also tend to make faith a priority in families hence promoting peace, trust
and unity among the family members.
 Prayers also open hearts to forgiveness in families.
 Family prayers also teach children to seek God fast and have respect by walking in Gods
ways.
Qn. Identify the reasons why some families do not pray.
 Some family members have busy working schedules.
 Some family members don’t stay together.
 Others are not committed to God.
 Differences in religions. For example, catholic and born again staying together in one
family.
 Poor family backgrounds and up bringing of the family heads by their former families
who ignored family prayers also makes the trend to continue.
 Conflicts and confusion in certain religions like the protestants and the reformists.
 Some family members also don’t know how to talk or pray to God since both come from
different backgrounds.
 Conflicts and misunderstanding between the family members themselves.
 Too much believes in traditional beliefs by some families hence believing that there is no
God.
 Most families feel they are not close to God so their prayers are ineffective.

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Qn. Share the consequences of neglecting prayers as a family
 Family prayers neglect can result into lack of guidance and counselling in families.
 Leads to un godly bahaviour like adultery etc.
 Can result into misunderstanding between the family members like family wrangles.
 Leads to family breakups due to misunderstanding.
 Leads to upbringing of bad moral children full of disrespect.
 Family faces a lot of problems and difficulties with out answers like famine, poverty,
sickness etc.
 Leads to disrespect amongst the family members themselves starting from the parents to
the children.
 Leads to polygamous marriages due to lack of trust and faith in one another in most
families.
 Derails away God’s presence hence the family faces a lot of difficulties like poor
decision makings, high poverty levels etc.
Ways of praying as an expression of respect to God

Qn. Mention the ways people pray as an expression of respect to God.
Prayer can be done in different styles and postures. God answers all of them depending on the
faith of the one praying. He answers every prayer. Christians pray in a variety of ways to show
honour and respect to God and they do this in the following ways;
 Silent praying.
 Jumping while praying.
 Kneeling down.
 Shouting loudly.
 Crying as an expression of respect.
 Banging the walls.
 Praying while opening eyes.
 Praying while closing eyes.
 Praying while rising up and down.
Types of prayers.
(Activity 1;18, 1;19 fountain)
Types of prayer
This include;
 Congregational prayers.
 Private prayers.

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Congregational prayers
This is when a group of people are gathered for religious worship.
Examples of congregational prayers
 Church service of great gatherings.
 Fellowships.
 Home cells.
 Masses.
 Crusades.
 Over nights. Etc.
Qn. What are the importance of congregational prayers.
 Helps people to learn how to pray.
 Believers strengthen each other in prayers.
 God supports congregational prayers.
 Helps to bring God closer to his people like through the holy spirit which visited the
disciples.
 Unifies different religions to have a common understanding for example through
crusades.
 Promotes love and unity among believers.
 Tends to release divine guidance to the believers.
 Gives confidence to the doubters when they are praying.
 Helps people to pray widely for different problems in the country, families and also
those who are not able to pray.
 Creates a strong bond between the Christians and God when the prayers are answered.
 Tends to release divine protection and averts disasters.
Private prayers
This is a kind of prayer where an individual prays alone.
Qn. Give the importance’s of private prayers
 Important because for ones focus and concertation is to God.
 It’s good for fasting.
 Secret or private prayers keeps us off from praying hypocritically to God.
 Makes one close to God in prayer and revelations.
 One doesn’t reveal his or her secrets to others.
 Strengthens one’s faith in God.
 Can also take place in any place.
 Promotes one’s confession of his or her sins to God just like the tax collector did.
 Can also take place anywhere and anytime.
 There are no distractions from others as compared to congregation prayers where people
pray in different ways.
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Qn. What are the main features of the private and congregational prayer.
 Both praise God.
 Both conducts fasting.
 There is adoration of God in both.
 Both have periods of intercession in them.
 Both promote repentance of one another’s sins.
 Both promote thanks giving.
 God answers both prayers.
 Both seek for God’s divine guidance, protection and mercy.
Jesus’s prayer life

Qn. Find out the reasons why Jesus prayed a lot yet He was the son of God.
 Jesus was the son of God and was God himself.
 He also prayed so as to and encourage this disciples and other followers to always pray
and understand the value of prayers.
 Jesus prayed for guidance and wisdom.
 He prayed to get powers to overcome the cross that was a head of him.
 Jesus prayed because he loved the father and was in constant fellowship with Him.
 Jesus prayed in praise to God the father because the father would always listen to him.
 Jesus prayed for his disciples and for all believers to remain in unity.
 He also prayed to overcome temptations.
 Jesus also prayed so as to accomplish his missions successfully as promised and planed
for before he died.
 He also prayed so as to get powers to perform miracles for the smooth flow of his
missionary journey.
Read the bible verses and identify when Jesus prayed.
Bible verses Explain how Jesus prayed.
Luke 4;1-13 Jesus separated himself and went to the desert. He prayed and fasted
for 40 days.
Mark 1;35 Jesus got up very early morning, left the house. He went to a lonely
place where he prayed.
Luke 9;18 Jesus was praying a lone when the disciples come to him.
Matthew 26;36-44 Before his arrest, Jesus went to pray in the garden of Gethsemane. He
prayed with a lot of anguish. God gave him the power to overcome
the cross.

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Luke 22;39-46 Jesus separated himself from his disciples and prayed alone on mount
Oliver.
Matthew 19;13 Jesus prayed for children.
Jesus’ prayer life and the Christian church today.

Qn. With examples, discuss the similarities and differences between Jesus’ prayer life and that
of Christians today.
Similarities.
Jesus’ prayer life. Christian church today.
Jesus prayed for others. (Matthew 19;13, Christians also pray for children, the sick, travelers
John 17;9 etc.
Jesus prayed with others (Luke 9;28, Act Christians hold congregational prayers such as
1;14) crusades, church service and masses etc.
Jesus prayed alone. (Luke 5;16) Christians today pray privately.
Jesus prayed in nature. (Luke 6;12) Christians today also go to prayer mountains.
The lord’s prayer that Jesus taught His Christians today also compose short prayers such
disciples is full of wisdom and short as those said before sleeping, eating, starting a
enough to be memorized. journey etc.
Jesus prayed regularly. (Luke 5;6) Christians today pray regularly. They have
morning devotions, lunch hour prayers and
evening fellowship.
The prayers of Jesus were heart felt. Christians today worship God in spirit and in truth.
(John 17)
Jesus prayed basing on the knowledge of Christians today worship God in spirit and in truth.
God and his truth. (John 4;24)
Jesus taught persistence in prayer. (Luke Christians today always pray mand do not give up.
18;1)
Jesus also participated in fasting. Just as Christians today also do fast.
Differences
Jesus’ prayer life Christian church today.
Jesus knew that not all His prayers would Unanswered prayer is such a challenge to the
be answered as expected. (Matthew Christian life today. All Christians expect all their
26;36-44) prayers to be answered.
Jesus had faith while he was praying. Christians today pray without faith.

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Jesus prayed to the extent of sweating Christians today are not persistent in their prayers.
droplets of blood. (Luke 22;44)
Jesus’ prayers were always oral and Christians today follow written prayers by others.
direct.
At most cases Jesus spent time having Christians today like congregational prayers.
secret and private prayers.
Jesus’ teaching on Prayer

One day as Jesus was praying, his disciples approached him and requested him to teach them
how to pray.
This prayer is in the books of Matthew 6;9-15 and Luke 11;1-8.
The prayer has been named the “Lord’s prayer” and other people call it “Our Fathers Prayer”
which goes as follows.
The Lord’s prayer
Our father who at in Heaven,
Hollow be they name, thy kingdom comes,
Give us this day our daily bread,
And forgive us our trespasses,
As we forgive those who trespass against us.
And lead us not into temptations,
But deliver us from evil.
For the power and the glory are yours,
For ever and ever.
Amen
Qn. What are the key values of the prayer.
 Repentance.
 Patience.
 Trust.
 Forgiveness.
 Faith.
 Team work.
Qn. Explain the lessons you learn from Jesus’ prayer.
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Through Jesus’ prayer, we learn to;
 Ask for food.
 Repent our sins.
 Ask for forgiveness of our sins.
 Ask God to save us from temptations.
 Ask God to deliver us from evil.
Understanding other Biblical teachings on prayer.

Prayer for forgiveness.
Read and summarize Psalms 130;1-8
1. A song of ascents. Out of the depths I cry to you, Oh Lord;
2. Oh lord, hear my voice. Let your ears be attentive to my cry for mercy.
3. If you, Oh Lord, kept a record of sins, Oh Lord, who could stand?
4. But with you there is forgiveness; therefore, you are feared.
5. I wait for the Lord, my soul waits, and in His word, I put my hope.
6. My soul waits for the Lord more than watchmen wait for the morning.
7. O Israel, put your hope in the Lord, for with the Lord is unfailing love and with him is full
redemption.
8. He himself will redeem Israel from all their sins.
Qn. Discuss the reasons why it’s important to forgive when you pray.
Forgiveness is an essential aspect of prayer in many religious and spiritual traditions. Here are
some reasons why forgiveness is considered important when praying.
 Forgiveness is seen as a means to deepen ones’ spiritual connection and relationship with
a higher power demonstrating faith and fostering spiritual growth in someone.
 When one forgives, he or she is also forgiven by God.
 It’s the nature of any Christian to forgive because God also forgave us our sins.
 Forgiveness allows us to release negative emotions. That is to say can contribute to
emotional healing, reduce stress among others.
 It also leads to good relations with others.
 Forgiveness also creates inner peace and healing to one another since it relieves one’s
heart felt feelings for others.

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 It also prevents cross generational curses among people.
 Creates the spirit of understanding between one another and also continuity in love.
 Relieves one from sinning or committing bad acts like revenge among others.
 It also liberates one from the burdens of carrying resentments or bitterness, allowing us
to focus on the present moments and future possibilities.
 Forgiveness also allows us to seek redemption and experience the grace and mercy that
comes with being forgiven.
 Prayer for forgiveness often involves seeking guidance from a higher power and
emulating their examples of forgiveness and compassion towards others.
Reading the bible to discover the importance of prayer.
Bible verse Lesson from the prayers
Daniel 9;3-6 We learn to fast and pray to God earnestly concerning our situation
in life.
1 king 8;22-53 Solomon prayed to God and dedicated the temple.
We learn to pray and dedicate our projects to God.
1 Thessalonians 5;17 Paul taught the Thessalonians to pray at all times.
We learn that prayer is for all times.
Matthew 6;5-15 We learn to pray, fast, forgive and also give privately.
Mark 14;32-42 We learn to pray to God in times of trials, challenges, pain and hard
tasks to accomplish.
Worship through singing

Singing is an act of worship where the worshipers express how he or she feels towards God.
Worshipers sing songs that are;
 Praising.
 Adoring.
 Loving
 Thanks giving
Worshiping through songs is accompanied by playing musical instruments to make it more
appealing and interesting.
Importance of worshiping God through singing

Qn. Identify the importance of worshiping God through singing.
 Worshiping God through singing is a sign of obeying the word of God.

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 Singing is reflecting and refreshing about God to the worshipers.
 Singing brings joy to the worshipers.
 Singing as worship to God also brings edification to the worshipers.
 Helps one discover his or her talent.
 It also brings relief to the worshipers.
 Singing to God strengthens one’s faith in God.
 It creates eternal love everlasting and faithfulness.
 Builds up the spirit of holiness and goodness among the worshipers.
 Singing allows worshipers or Christians to express gratitude and devotion to God. i.e.
provides a medium of connection with the Devine God.
 Singing together with others (communal worship) creates a sense of belonging and unity
among worshipers.
Worship through singing in the bible

In groups, learners read the following psalms and take note in their books.
Psalms 59;16
16. But I will sing of your strength, in the morning I will sing of your love; for you are my
fortress, my refuge in times of trouble.
Psalms 68;4-5.
4. Sing to God, sing praise to His name, extol Him who rides on the clouds-his name is the
Lord-and rejoice before him.
5. A father to the fatherless, a defender of widows, is God in his holy dwelling.
Psalms 100;1-5.
1. Sing to the Lord, all the world.
2. Worship the Lord with joy, come before him with happy songs.
3. Acknowledge that the Lord is God. He made us, and we belong to him, we are his people,
we are his flock.
4. Enter the temple gates with thanksgiving, go into its courts with praise. Give thanks to
him and praise him.
5. The Lord is good; His love is eternal and His faithfulness lasts forever.
Other readings include;
Read 2 Samuel 6;5 and 1 Chronicles 13;8
2 Samuel 6;5
5.David and the whole house of Israel were celebrating with all their might before the Lord,
with songs and with harps, lyres, tambourines, sistrums and cymbals.

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1 Chronicles 13;8
8. Love never fails. But where there are prophecies, they will cease; where there are
tongues, they will be stilled; where there is knowledge, it will pass away.
Ephesians 5;19
19. Speak to one another with psalms, hymns and spiritual songs. Sing and make music in
your heart to the Lord.
Qn. Explain what the worshipers are praising God for.
 The worshipers are praising God for strength.
 The worshipers are praising God for constant love.
 The worshipers are praising God for defense.
 The worshipers are praising God for holiness.
 The worshipers are also praising God for his goodness to them.
 The worshipers are praising God for faithfulness.
 The worshipers are praising God for eternal love that is everlasting.
Worship through charity

Charity as a form of worship
What is charity?
Refers to the generous actions or donations to help the poor ill or helpless.
Or charity is an act or feeling of kindness or good will to those in need.
Forms of worship
This include;
 Direct charity.
 Indirect charity.
Direct charity.
This is where one directly or physically gives help to those need especially in material form. For
example, money, clothes, food etc.
Indirect charity.
This is where help is extended to those in need without the physical presence of the person
offering help. This can be in form of prayer, donations etc.

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Qn. Identify the acts of charity in society today
 Cleaning the church without expecting any pay.
 Helping the elderly with house work.
 Visiting the sick or prisoners with some gifts.
 Donations to the poor in form of clothes, food, money etc.
 Taking part in a charity run or community voluntary service.
 Praying for those in need.
 Fundraising or mobilization by a group of people to raise funds for a specific cause or
charities.
 Assisting in disaster relief efforts. Such as rescue operations, medical assistance etc.
 Engaging in community activities that promote sustainability such as tree planting,
supporting initiatives to reduce pollution etc.
 Advocating for human rights, gender equality, racial justice, or other social issues
through awareness campaigns, lobbying etc.
Importance of charity as a form of worship

 Charity brings hope and healing to the vulnerable.
 Charity promotes unity in the community as people gather together to help those in need.
 Charity promotes generosity and kindness among the people which goes on in their life
time.
 Charity helps communities to become sustainable among people through donations and
support from different people.
 Charity improves on the equality of both men and women since donations are made to
both men and women.
 Charity reduces poverty as same charities are aimed at improving people’s standards of
living.
 Charity ensures that human rights are respected through caring for those in need.
 Charity touches the recipient’s life through getting miner satisfaction and happiness.
 Charity creates a feeling of peace and purpose when one feels that he or she has made an
impact on another individual or community.
 Through charity, one receives blessings and grace from God
 Through acts of charity, individuals strive to overcome selfishness and develop a more
selfless and compassionate heart of helping others.

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Biblical teachings on charity as a form of worship
(Activity 1;32,33 and 34 fountain)
Qn. Briefly explain the old and new testament understanding or attitude towards charity.
 The bible teaches that true charity is sharing with the poor, feeding the hungry and
opening one’s home to the homeless. (Isaiah 85;7)
 The bible also teaches that when you give to the poor it’s like lending to the Lord and the
Lord will pay you back. (Proverbs 19;17)
 The bible teaches that blessed is the one who is kind to the needy. (Proverbs 14;21)
 The bible also teaches that those who give to the poor or needy will never be in need; but
those who close their eyes to them will receive many curses.
 The bible teaches that we should give to others without expecting anything in return just
like the poor widow. (1 Kings 17;9-24)
 The bible also teaches that charity should be a private matter not publicly confessing to
all people for fame.
 The bible teaches that God punishes those who show off as they give to the needy.
 The bible teaches that God loves those who give in joy that is to say cheerful givers.
(2 Corinthians 9;6-8)
 The bible teaches that giving back to the poor helps one to inherit the kingdom of God.
(Mark 10)
 St Paul teaches that true love among Christians is exercised through helping those in
need. (1 Corinthians 13)
Qn. Mentions the acts of charity that Jesus performed in his missionary time
 Jesus fed the hungry.
 Jesus also gave drinks to the thirsty and those in need.
 Jesus welcomed strangers and associated with them.
 Jesus cared for the strangers like the prostitute who was to be stoned to death was
rescued by Jesus.
 Jesus also performed miracles like healing the sick, rising the dead which was also act
of charity.
 Jesus also visited and supported strangers or those in need.
 Jesus took part in praying for those in need like demon posed people which was an act
of charity.
 Jesus preached the message of equality and sharing among one another so as to attain
Gods kingdom.

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Mother Theresa of Calcutta and her works of charity.
Background
 She was born in 26 August 1910.
 She died in 1997 aged 87 years.
 Her charitable organisation was known as Mother House of the Missionaries of Charity.
 She founded the missionaries of charity.
Mother Theresa’s acts of charity.
 She established an organisation known as Missionaries of Charity to help the poor.
 Her organisation manages homes for the people with HIV/AIDs, leprosy, tuberculosis
etc.
 She founded dispensaries, mobile clinics, children and family counselling programs to
help those in need.
 Encouraged her members to give whole heartedly free services to the poorest of the poor.
 She created many homes for the dying and unwanted from Calcutta to New York.
 She was considered as a voice of peace.
 To many people, she’s a role model of charity, compassion and selflessness.
Lessons Christians draw from charity as a form of worship

 Christians learn to help those in need just like Jesus helped those who had nothing to eat.
(feeding of 5000 men)
 Christians learn to give to others without expecting anything in return just as the poor
widow shared what she had with prophet Elijah.
 Christians learn to seek for God’s blessings through charity just as the bible teaches that
blessed is the one who is kind to the needy.
 Christians learn to show true love to others by sharing what they have with them just as
Paul teaches that true love is sharing what we have with others.
 Christians learn to give in private to the needy just as Jesus teaches that what one gives
with the right hand, the left hand should not know.
Project work
With reference to Watoto ministries as a charitable organisation that’s well known as an
orphanage center, a home for the homeless, research on the following.
1. Read about or observe the activities in that organisation.
2. Describe the needs of the beneficiaries in that organisation.
3. Mention the efforts made to satisfy those needs.
4. Write the good practices in the organisation.
5. As a Christian, what help can you offer to such an organisation.
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Offertory as a form of worship
What is offertory?
This is a form of worship whereby a worshiper gives back to God from his or her earnings.
This can be through the following types of offertory/giving below;
 Tithe
 General offering
 Thanks giving
 Contribution to church projects like building.
 Evangelism offering.
 Charity etc.
In modern times, offerings are in most cases given inform of money. In the rural settings, food
items are sometimes given as offerings.
During the time of offering, songs are sung and many of them encourage the worshipers to give
back to God.
Activity of integration
Qn.
1. Mention any three songs that encourage people to give back to God.
2.
St Paul’s Evangelical Mission Church Sunday collections 04, April, 2023
Offerings 4,000,000 shs.
Sunday school collections 1,000,000 shs.
Tithe 10,000,000 shs.
Thanks giving 5,000,000 shs.
Building 20,000,000 shs.
Wedding 1,000,000 shs.
a) Describe what you see in the extract.
b) What constitutes the offertory of that church?
c) Why do you think people give generously in this church?
d) What is the total amount realized that Sunday?
e) Propose what such offerings can be used for.
f) What can be done to make all churches self-sustaining in terms of resources?
3. why should people give back to God. (10 reasons)

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Importance of offertory as a form of worship
 Offertory helps one to express his or her appreciation to God.
 Offertory helps people to maintain a good relationship with God.
 Offertory promotes unity among Christians as they gather to offer to God.
 Offertory is also one way of sharing faith in God i.e. through giving back to him what he
has given to us.
 Offertory enables Christians to recognize God’s presence amongst them.
 Offertory enables Christians to ask for God’s blessings.
 Offertory caters for the welfare of religious leaders. Like the offering of the first fruits is
meant to help the clergy.
 Through offertory, the church extends a hand of help to other members of the church and
community at large.
 Offertory is used for thanksgiving to appreciate God for what he has done for us.
 Offertory is one way of obeying God’s commands which encourage s people not to go to
his house empty handed.
 Through offerings, it’s one of the ways of honoring and sharing respect to God through
giving back to him.
Ways how God’s offering are misused in Uganda today.
 Some people are intentional sinners although they offer a lot to God.
 Some religious leaders give conditions on how and what to offer.
 Some priests use offertory to buy expensive personal properties like cars, houses etc.
 Misuse of the church funds for different gains.
 Lack of faith in God even as they offer to him.
 Some religious leaders use offertory to exploit the poor.
 Some people offer to God and other gods.
 Some offer to bribe God for blessings.
 Some people offer without their inner commitment to God.
Offertory in the bible

Qn. What are the biblical teachings about offering as a form of worship
 The old testament teaches that no one should appear before the Lord empty handed.
(Deuteronomy 16;16)
 The bible teaches that giving back to God enables one to get a proportion of one’s
blessings.
 The bible teaches that one should give freely to the lord without expecting gains.
 The bible also teaches that people should offer sacrifices to God with a pure heart.
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 The bible teaches that failure to offer to God is cheating Him. (Malachi 3)
 The bible teaches that through offering, we are testing God about what He can do in our
lives. (Malachi 3;8)
 The bible teaches that God loves cheerful givers. (one who gives with joy)
 The bible teaches that through tithe and offertory, man pleases God.
 The bible also teaches that man should offer to God with one heart just like God gave his
son Jesus Christ as a sacrifice for the sins of mankind.
 The bible teaches that offertory is one way of proper worship of God.
 The bible also teaches on giving with eagerness and not neglecting the act of justice and
love for God. (Luke 11;41-42)
 The bible also calls upon us giving generously as a sign of love to God’s service.
(2 Corinthians 8;9)
 The bible calls upon honouring the Lord by giving the best offering from ones produce.
(Proverbs 3;9)
Worship through fasting

(Activity 1;41 fountain, 1;2 (c) baroque)
Qn. What is fasting?
Fasting is giving up food (or something else) for a period of time in order to focus your thoughts
on God.
Qn. Why do you think people fast
What are the values of communicating to God through fasting?
 People fast to open up to God’s power to confess their sins.
 People fast to show brokenness to God.
 People fast to seek understanding about a given matter
 People also fast because it’s a religious or spiritual practice by most of the religions
 People fast for health benefits like weight loss, reduced inflammation among others.
 People fast to show solidarity to God or commemorating historical events like the death
of Jesus Christ for the sake of Christians etc.
 People also fast for soul cleansing which is a great time to remember the spiritual
confection one has to one’s physical bodies.
 People fast to gain a new satisfaction from God. that is to say when one does the work of
God.
 People also fast to have a deeper praise and devotion to God for the good and bad times
one goes through.
 People fast to God because he is the sustainer of life i.e., he is a life giver and also a life
taker.

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Qn. Share the different ways of fasting known to you from your church.
It’s important to note that different religions have different views but the bible describes four
major types of fasting as follows;
1. A regular or intermittent fast
Which is refraining from eating all foods for certain hours of the day.
2. A partial fast.
Refers to omitting a specific meal from your diet or refraining from certain types of foods.
(Daniel 10;2-3). In (Daniel 1;12) they restricted their diet to vegetables and water.
3. A full fast.
This is when one does not eat or drink for a specific time and purpose. In Acts 9;9 Paul went
on a full fast for three days following his encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus. For
three days he was blind and did not eat or drink anything.
4. Seasonal fasting.
Most religious traditions observe fasting during specific seasons, for example the lent period
for Christians which is a period of 40 days leading up to Easter. This is when individuals
choose to fast or abstain from certain foods such as meat, diary, alcohol and focusing on
plant-based diets.
Qn. what are the Do’s and Don’ts of fasting.
Do’s
 A believer should approach fasting with humility and gratitude, recognizing your
dependence on God and expressing gratitude for His blessings.
 Avoiding solid foods and hard drinks like alcohol. If one has complications is advised to
take consult health care professionals for guidance or take water.
 Engaging in act of charity to help those in need in the replacement of what one was to
spend on feeding, drinking among others.
 Having self-discipline and self-control like controlling one’s thought, words and actions.
 Taking time on bible reading and analysis. This builds a deeper understanding of one’s
faith and strengthens one’s relationship with God.
 Engaging in prayer and meditation at most in the times one was to use for eating,
drinking, media etc. this help one to focus on spiritual matters and have a deeper
connection with God.
 Having a clear intention or purpose for the fast and focus in it. This can be seeking
God’s guidance, repentance etc.
 Being humble and avoiding public attraction. i.e. showing others that you are fasting.

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Don’ts
 A believer is not recommended to boost or show off while fasting.
 A believer is not to judge or criticize others who may not be fasting or having different
fasting practices.
 A believer is not to focus on legalism that is to say following a rigid set of rules to
follow. Remember fasting is meant to be a means of drawing closer to God and having a
spiritual purpose.
 When fasting, one shouldn’t use it as an excuse of neglecting responsibilities like work,
family or other commitments. Have a balance of the spiritual practice and
responsibilities.
 Avoid becoming overly preoccupied with thoughts of food or indulging in excessive day
dreaming about meals instead use that time for prayer and meditation.
 Consulting medical assistants on health complication before one takes part into fasting
to avoid health inconveniences.
 One is also not to take part in affairs that is to say sex for the married couples.
Biblical teaching on fasting

Exploring the Bible teachings on fasting
Bible text Reason Results of fasting
Acts 14;23 To get guidance from God on They got guidance from God and got
the choice of the leaders to powerful and spirit filled ministers.
minister to God.
Nehemiah 1;1-4 To get favour to meet King The walls of Jerusalem were built.
Artaxerxes so as to get
permission to build the walls of
Jerusalem
Ezra 8;21-23 For protection and direction as They were protected and travelled
the children of Israel were safely, and reached Jerusalem.
going back to Jerusalem.
Jonah 3;5-10 The people of Nineveh prayed The people of Nineveh were forgiven
and fasted to repent from their and their city was spared by God.
sins so that their city would not
be destroyed by God.
Judges 20;26 The Israelites fasted and prayed They got victory against the
to God to give them victory Benjamites.
against the Benjamites.
Mathew 4;1-17 Jesus fasted to be empowered Jesus defeated the devil.
by the Holy spirit. He started his early ministry in power.

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Worship through Bible reading and Meditation
(Activity 1;44 fountain, 1;2 (f) baroque)
Qn. Define the following terms;
Mediation.
Meditation is the process of deliberately focusing on specific thoughts and reflecting on their
meaning in the context of love of God.
Bible reading.
Bible reading is the act of reading the word of God.
Christians meditation aims at improving the personal relationship based on the love of God that
marks Christian communion.
Through reading the word of God, people learn more about God and his promises.
People also learn more about themselves as children of God.
Importance of reading the bible and meditation as a form of worship

Meditation
 Meditation helps people to reconcile back to their father (God)
 Through meditation, one receives guidance from God in their daily life.
 God becomes aware of people’s needs both material and many other things around them.
 Meditation helps one to grow in the understanding and awareness of God.
 Meditation helps man to come closer to God and know his nature.
Reading the bible.
 Through reading scriptures, our steps are guided.
 God’s word helps us to get wisdom since God is the source of all wisdom.
 Reading the bible helps us to lift all our burdens to God.
 The word of God brings joy among Christians.
 The word of God gives peace to the readers.
 The word of God awakens and strengthens our faith in God.
 The word of God gives hope and sustains life.

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Bible teaching on worship
Christian teaching on worship
Bible text Teachings in worship
Daniel 9;3-6  Reading the holy book

 Praying to God.
 Confession.
 Fasting.
 Wearing sack cloth and sitting in ashes.
Chronicles 13;8  People danced for God.
 People song and played musical instruments like harps,
cymbals and trumpets.
Psalms 33;1-22  Confession
 Praying in times of need.
 Singing Praise to God
 Use of musical instruments.
Psalms 47;1-19  Clap hands for joy.
 Singing Songs of praise.
 Exalting God’s greatness.
John 4;24  People worshiped God with the power of the holy spirit.
 There was worship of only one God.
1 Thessalonians 5;17  Praying at all times and be thankful in all circumstances.
 This is what God wants in our life in union with Jesus.
Hebrews 3;15  Teaches that we should offer praise to God as our sacrifices
through Jesus, which is the offering presented by the lips
that confess him.

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Sub topic 1:3
WORSHIP IN THE LIVES OF THE APOSTLES (EARLY
CHURCH) (ACTS 2;43-47)
Qn. Who are the Apostles?
Apostles are one of the authoritative new testament group sent out to preach the gospel and made
up especially of Christ’s 12 original disciples and Paul.
The early church community was a worshiping community. Most of their times, they would
conduct worship.
Forms of worship among the Apostles

(Activity 1;47 fountain,1;5 (e) baroque)
Qn. Write a summary of the forms of worship or how worship was characterised in the
Apostolic (Early church)
Worship in the Apostolic church was characterised by the following;
 Prayers were conducted as part of worship i.e. in both congregational and private/
personal prayers.
 During worship, they were filled with the Holly spirit which enabled them to speak in
tongues.
 There was preaching and interpretation of the word of God to the worshipers.
 The Worship involved reading scriptures i.e. the Old Testament scriptures that guided
the followers/believers.
 They baptized new converts and this was through immersion.
 They performed miracles during worship i.e. the sick would be healed, the lame
walked etc.
 They shared their property with others (charity). For example, the selling of their
belongings.
 They offered to God as a way of glorifying him.
 They praised God through religious songs/ hymns they had composed.
 There was repentance/ confession of one’s sins.
 They conducted worship in houses i.e. Christians would meet in different homes for
prayers.
 There was breaking of bread and sharing the cup of wine in memory of what Jesus had
done.

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Comparing Forms of worship of the Apostles and those of today
(Activity 1;48 fountain,1;5 (f) baroque)
Similarities and differences between worship today and worship in the early church/
Apostolic period
Similarities.
 Both participate in congregational and private prayers.
 In both, preaching is evidenced.
 In both, conversion and baptism are done during worship.
 In both, songs are very important in worship.
 In both, musical instruments, clapping of hands is common.
 In both, reading of the scriptures is evidenced.
 Both confession and repentance of sins is evidenced.
 Both fellowships are organised during worship.
 In both, offertories are made.
 Both participate in fasting to God as a form of worship.
Differences.
Worship among the Apostles Worship among the Christians
Conducted in houses or people’s homes. Conducted in special buildings.
Agape meal and Holy Eucharist were Sharing of Holy communion.
shared
Baptism was mainly through immersion. Today baptism is through sprinkling or pouring of
water.
Worship was genuine Worship is hypocritical that is to say there is a lot
of pretense.
Women played a dormant role in Today women play an active role in worship.
worship
Baptism was carried out when one was Baptism is carried out at the infant stages.
an adult.
Participated in oral preaching i.e. Conducted through media, written and also oral.
through word of mouth.
Worship did not involve machines. Worship involves a lot of modern technology like
radios, videos, phones, etc.
Worship leaders never trained formerly. Worship leaders go for training.
Miracles were real. Some miracle workers are fake.

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Qn. What problems do Christians face while trying to keep faith in God
 Group influence or negative friends.
 Lack of time for prayers.
 Criticism among non-believers.
 Bad examples from church leaders.
 Influence of cults which have funny rituals.
 Influence of science and technology.
 Lust for wealth which divert people from God.
 Permissiveness.
 Language barriers.
 Disunity.
 Persecution from non-Christians.
 High poverty levels.
 Political instabilities.
 Poor transport and communication.
 Backsliding especially the new converts

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Sub Topic 1:4
EMERGING PRACTICES OF WORSHIP IN THE MODERN
WORLD
Worship practices in the modern world
(Activity 1;49 fountain,1;10 (a) baroque)
Qn. Identify the emerging practices of worship in today’s worship
This include the following;
 Night prayers
 Street preaching.
 Dancing in church.
 Album launches.
 Speaking in tongues.
 Live streaming.
 Zooming prayers.
 Fellowships.
 Taking part in crusades.
 Bible study sessions.
 Performing Miracles especially in the Pentecostal churches.
Qn. discuss the reasons why such practices have come up.
 The effects of modern technology.
 Too much knowledge explosion and advancements.
 The higher Population growth.
 Involvement of Pentecostalism.
 There is cultural diversity that has led to the emergence of new worship practices that
incorporate elements from various religious and spiritual traditions.
 Increased rates of individualism and personalization. Many people seek this to resonate
with their unique beliefs and preferences.
 Emerging practices of worship are also influence by social justice movements,
environmental concerns and calls for inclusivity and equality.
 Generational shifts also tend to create the emerging practices of worship today.

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Use of musical instruments during worship
(Activity 1;55 foutain,1;10 (b) baroque)
Qn. Using your knowledge about worship in the book of Psalms,
Identify the instruments used in the Bible and in today’s worship.
Instruments used in the Bible Instruments used in today’s worship
The cornet Drums
Flutes Pianos
Horns Guitars
Organ Keyboards
Pipe Microphones.
Trumpets Loud speakers.
Harps Xylophones.
Lyre Jazz.
Tambourines Trumpets
Timbres Etc.
cymbals
Qn. Discuss the importance of playing instruments during worship.

 Instruments amplify sounds when praising and worshiping.
 Instrument and sounds like microphones, loud speakers tend to cover large
congregations.
 They also tend to enhance the worship experience. i.e. instruments add depth, richness
and variety to the musical aspects of worship.
 Instruments also have the power to evoke and convey emotions that words alone may
struggle to express.
 Provides an opportunity for individuals with musical talents to contribute their skills and
actively engage in the worship service.
 Playing instruments also Create a sense of togetherness and shared purposes.
Different titles of preachers in the modern times

(Activity 1;56 fountain,1;10 (c) baroque)
Qn. Name the titles of preachers in the church today.
1. Preacher.
A preacher is an individual who delivers religious sermons or messages to a congregation or
audience.

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2. Pastors.
Is a religious leader who serves as the spiritual shepherd and overseer of a congregation or
community within a religious organisation or typically a church.
3. Bishop.
Is an ordained or appointed member of the Christian clergy and is in position of authority.
Bishops are considered to be successors of the apostles and hold a position of authority and
leadership with in their respective church hierarchies.
4. Archbishop.
A bishop of the highest rank in charge of churches and other bishops in a large area.
5. A pope.
Is the head of the Roman Catholic church and the spiritual leader of millions of Catholics
worldwide.
6. Reverend.
Title for a priest in a Christian church.
7. Prophet.
A person regarded as an inspired teacher or a proclaimer of the word of God.
8. Evangelist.
A person who seeks to convert others into the Christian faith especially for public preaching.
Qn. What are the roles of church leaders today.

 Church leaders preach the gospel of God.
 Church leaders take part in baptizing new converts.
 They also conduct wedding ceremonies.
 They give guidance and counselling to their followers.
 They also take part in praying for their followers.
 They conduct church, burials, thanksgiving services.
 They encourage people to worship only one God.
 They teach religious doctrines, principles and scriptures i.e. through bible studies,
religious education programs etc.
 Church leaders provide leadership and oversight to the operations and administration of
the church.
 Participate in community outreach programs, interfaith dialogues and collaborative
efforts to promote positive changes and serve the needs of the community.
 They also take part in discipleship and mentoring of their followers.

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 Take part in conflict resolution and reconciliation for example in the country, community
etc.
 They also tend to take care of special groups like the needy.
 Take part in training and equipping leaders for example the youth leaders, mothers and
fathers unions etc.
Qn. how do some church leaders mislead Christians today.
 They tend to give their followers false prophesies.
 They have turned churches into businesses.
 They have promoted cultism.
 Misinterpreted the scriptures.
 Performed false miracles.
 Taken part in revenge and hatred.
 Increased levels of greed and corruption in the church today.
 They are the Course of too many church wrangles.
 Promoted power struggle.
 Encouraged sexual immorality that is to say adultery, homosexuality.
 Most of them are self-proclaimed hence doing what they desire.

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Sub Topic 1:5
WORSHIP BEFORE THE COMING OF RELIGION IN AFRICA
(AFRICAN TRADITIONAL SOCIETY)
Nature of worship before the coming of Islam and Christianity
Under this we shall look at the means by which Africans communicated to the divine beings.
That is to say God, gods and ancestors.
Forms of worship in the Traditional Africa
(Activity 1;60 fountain,1;11 baroque)
Characteristics/ forms of African worship.
 There were special people responsible for worship called intermediaries who mediated
between the gods and the people.
 They also worshiped the gods whom they considered to be the assistants of the creator.
 Each god had a responsibility for example “Muhigo” the god of hunting and wild life
among the Banyoro of western Uganda.
 There were also gods of rain, harvests, diseases, child bearing etc.
 Africans worshiped God the creator whom they gave different names as a way of
appeasing them.
 Worship took place in holy places like shrines which were built for worship purposes.
 Africans worshiped God the creator whom they gave different names as a way of
appeasing them.
 Africans worshiped physical features such as trees, rocks, mountains.
 Worship involved giving sacrifices to the divine beings to appease them. For example,
inform of animals, hens etc.
 Worship also involved singing and dancing to please the gods.
 Worship involved repentance or asking for forgiveness from the Gods.
People who conducted worship in Traditional African societies.
This include;
>Kings > Prophets
> Mediums > Herbalists
> Medicine men > Witch doctors.
> Seers. > Intermediaries.
> Priests. > Chiefs.
> Rain makers. > Fortune tellers.

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Importance of worship to the Traditional Africans
 Worship helped the Africans to express their personal problems to God.
 It helped Africans to renew their relationships with God.
 Helped Africans to seek for forgiveness from God.
 Helped Africans to receive guidance and direction from the ancestors.
 It was a way through which social problems like drought and witchcraft were solved.
 Enabled Africans to receive divine hearing from the gods.
 Helped Africans to express their appreciation and gratitude to God.
 Also promoted the African cultural values that were observed during worship.
 Promoted justice, peace and harmony in society.
 Imparted morals to people because the immoral were punished by the gods.
Places of worship in African Traditional Religion

Qn. mention the places of worship in the Traditional African religion.
This include;
>Under trees > Caves
> Shrines > Streams
> Rocks > Waterfalls
> Mountain tops > Homesteads
> Graves yards > Lakes and river banks
Note;
Places of worship in traditional Africa were very much respected.
Such places were holy and sacred. Most forms of worship took place there and the Objects of
worship were found there.
African beliefs in ancestors, in prayers, intermediaries and African medicines

Roles of the ancestors and medicine men.
Ancestors were physically departed members of the family who were believed to have joined
another world after death.
Roles of ancestors.
 They acted as mediators.
 Acted as patrons to different people.
 Blessed people for example, giving birth to children.
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 Acted as custodians of family cultures.
 Protected people from danger.
 Helped in solving problems in society.
 Helped in maintaining peace and harmony.
 Directed people during the choices of leaders.
 Interceded for the living.
Roles of the medicine men
 Acted as healers.
 Presided over religious ceremonies.
 Used to cast out demons from people.
 Promoted culture to the people.
 Performed rituals for example, cleansing rituals.
 Maintained law and order.
 Imparted morals among the people.
 Offered protection and traditional knowledge.
 Diagnosed diseases and gave medicine for healing.
Qn. What forms of sacrifices did the Africans make.
 Involved shading of blood of a special living creature for example, sacrificing a black
bull among the Karimojong of north eastern Uganda.
 They involved in giving of material things like food, grains, drinks etc.
 They offered during special ceremonies like birth of a child, marriage ceremonies etc.
 Women were considered unholy to offer sacrifices.
 In some societies, they sacrificed human beings specially to do away with bad omens.
Like twins in same tribes were called bad omen and were sacrificed.
 Sacrifices were offered from holy places and were presided over by religious leaders. For
example, fortune tellers, rain makers etc.
 Some sacrifices were offered individually and some as a group.
A comparison between African Traditional Worship and worship today

Similarities
 Both worships involve religious leaders.
 Both worships involve religious symbols.
 Both worships involve singing of songs to the divine beings.
 Both worships involve offering to God or gods.
 Both worships also involve repentance from God.
 Both worships involve musical instruments like drums.
 Both worships involve thanks giving to the divine beings.

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Differences
Worship today Worship in traditional Africa
Worship is formal Worship is informal.
Involves reading scriptures. The worship is oral.
Worship in specific days like Sunday Worship was conducted any day.
and Saturday.
Worship involves offering in tithe, Worship involved sacrifices inform of animals.
money etc.
Worship can be led by men and women Worship is restricted to only men.
Worship takes place in churches Worship took place in shrines, caves etc.
Worship is optional. Worship was compulsory.
Worship considered Jesus as the last Worship involved human sacrifices and other
sacrifice. sacrifices like animals, birds etc.
SAMPLE ACTIVITIES OF INTEGRATION

Sample 1
The world is experiencing the COVID 19 pandemic as a result of the corona virus infection. It is
highly infectious and has caused panic. In the affected countries, people are bed ridden, others
have started dying, mass graves have been dug to bury the dead.
Schools and universities have been closed. Social gatherings have been stopped and movement
restricted. Gathering for church in terms of Sunday services and mass and night prayers have
been banned. Church leaders and the whole Christian community is confused since they are not
sure of the next step.
Task
1. Write an advice note to the church leaders in your community on how the Christians
should conduct congregational worship.
2. Compose a prayer that can be used under such circumstances.

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Sample 2
Tom was a street preacher. One day, well-wishers approached him and offered him a piece of
land on which to build a church and continue spreading the word of God comfortably. When the
church was erected, more well-wishers offered loudspeakers, drums, a keyboard and chairs.
Within a short period, the church was booming.
The church program included overnight prayers every Friday. Some people had approached him
requesting him to either relocate his church, or conduct worship without instruments since the
instruments, especially the speakers, were too loud, hence a source of noise pollution in the
community.
Task
1. With reference to the good news bible, write an explanation about why Tom put up such a
program.
2. In your opinion, explain what you would have done had you bee in Tom’s situation.
End of chapter 1

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CHAPTER 2
Topic: CHRISTIAN RITUALS AND CELEBRATIONS
Sub topic 2:1
MAIN RELIGIOUS RITUALS IN CHRISTIANITY
Christian rituals conducted in church today

(Activity 2;1 fountain, 2;1.1 baroque)
Qn. Define the terms Christian rituals and a celebration?
Christian rituals are religious ceremonies consisting of a series of actions performed according to
a prescribed order.
A celebration is a special social or religious event, such as a party when one is celebrating
something.
Qn. Identify any Christian rituals you know as a Christian.
 Wedding
 Baptism
 Confirmation
 Holy communion
 Prayer ordination
1. Baptism
Qn. What is baptism?
Is the Christian religious rite of sprinkling water on to a person’s forehead or immersing them in
water, symbolizing purification or regeneration and admission to the Christian family/ church.
In most denominations’ baptism is performed on young children and is accompanied by name
giving.

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Qn. Share in your group how baptism is conducted in your church and take note in your
books.
Among the Catholics and the protestants,
 At the baptismal ceremonies in church, both the biological parents and God parents
mention the name of the infant.
 After that, the priest gives the name to the child as she/ he sprinkles water on the forehead
of the infant.
 The parents and God parents say vows to bring up the child in the ways of God.
 The priest then blesses the child by drawing a cross on the forehead and also goes further
to bless the parents and the family of the young born baby.
In the Pentecostal and seventh day Adventist churches.
 One is baptized when he/ she is mature enough. (an adult)
 An adult’s whole body is immersed or dipped in the river or stream or created baptism
pit of water.
 Then the person is given a name and blessed by the religious leader.
 This is the baptism Jesus also under went through.
Qn. Explain the importance of baptism to Christians.

 Christians get Christian names for example John, Peter, Job, Sarah etc.
 Christians get a new belonging into a new family of believers.
 Enables Christians to qualify for other sacraments such as Holly communion, ordination,
matrimony etc.
 Christians receive the grace of God.
 Christians also have a believe that baptism symbolizes forgiveness and washes away the
inherited sins from the fore fathers.
 Encourages one to believe and begin living a holy life.
 Christians also baptize to signify the obedience in Jesus Christ. This is evidenced by the
disciples too being baptized and also Jesus himself was baptized.
 Baptism is a moment of divine encounter, where the believers experience deeper
connection with God and become part of the large spiritual family with God.
 Baptism serves as a public testimony of one’s faith in Jesus Christ.
 Baptism also symbolizes the equality of all believers before God regardless of the
background or status.

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Qn. Work within table 2.1 to explain the activities involved in a baptism ritual, use your
explanations to complete the table.
Activity/ items present in a baptism ritual Importance
Priest/ pastor/ reverend Officiates the baptism ritual
He/ she is the main celebrant.
God parents They help to raise the infant in the ways of God.
Immersion of the candidate It’s the sign that one is baptized, died with Christ
and resurrected to a new holy life.
Pouring water on the candidate’s It’s a sign of water baptism
forehead.
Burning candle. Symbolizes light, that is to say one becomes a
child of light and a son of Christ since is the light
of the world.
Oil of chrism. Chrism is meant to strengthen the faith of the
baptized. This symbolizes that one is anointed
with the holy spirit.
Reading of the bible scriptures. Confirms the meaning and necessity of baptism
in the bible.
Presence of the congregation. They represent the holy body of Christ. The
gathered congregation bears witness to the person
being baptized into Christ’s holy church and the
company of God.
People who got baptized in the Bible.

Reading the bible and taking note of who got baptized and the importance.
Bible text. Who got baptized? Importance.
Leviticus 14;8 The Jews in Israel were baptized. To cleanse them who had suffered
from a skin disease.
Matthew 3;13-17 Jesus was baptized. To fulfill all the righteousness rituals.
To obey the laws of Moses.
Acts 8;26-40 Phillip baptized an Ethiopian It was a confirmation of the official to
official (Eunuch) Christianity and to receive the holy
spirit.
1 Corinthians Stephen and his family were Converting the Christians and
1;16 baptized by Apostle Paul. receiving the gift of the Holy spirit.
Acts 16;15 Lydia of Thyatira and her family Converting to Christianity and
were baptized. receiving the gift of the Holy spirit

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2. Confirmation
(Activity 2;5 fountain, 2;2 (h) baroque)
Qn. What is confirmation?
This is the rite at which a baptized person especially one baptized as an infant, affirms Christian
beliefs and is admitted as a full member of the church.
Confirmation qualifies a Christian to take part in Christian rituals like holy communion.
Qn. Describe what happens before and during the actual ceremony of confirmation.
Confirmation is mostly carried out in catholic and Anglican churches.
 The candidate receives catechism lessons/ classes after which he / she is confirmed.
 The candidate takes vows and responds to questions from the priest and then gets
confirmed.
 The bishop then anoints the forehead of the confirmed candidate and after that he
concludes by saying blessings upon the confirmed and family.
 After then the conformant qualifies to take part in Christian rituals like receiving the
bread meaning the body and the wine representing the blood of Jesus Christ.
 This is then called the holy communion.
Qn. Explain the benefits of confirmation to a Christian
 The confirmed receives the gift of the holy spirit to strengthen hm/ her in the faith.
 The confirmed receives the grace to do the work/ will of God.
 The confirmed is accepted to take part in Holy communion.
 It also promotes better relationships and unity among Christians.
 Also makes one choose the right career path of Christianity.
 The confirmed also receives inner peace among the Christians.
 Promotes discipleship among Christian’s.
 Promotes great decision making among Christians themselves.
 Also shows a personal commitment and belonging of a believer to a given faith and
believe in Jesus Christ.
 Confirmation equips individuals with spiritual gifts and grace to serve others and
contribute to the mission of the church.
3. Wedding/ Holy matrimony/Marriage ceremonies

(Activity 2;6 fountain, 2;2 (j, k) baroque)
Qn. What is a wedding/ holy matrimony?
This is a ritual where a man and woman enter into a permanent union as husband and wife until
death separates them.
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Biblical reading in (Genesis 1;27, Genesis 2;21-23) show how God is the author of marriage
in the following ways
 Marriage is sacred or holy since it is God who started it.
 After God created Adam, he realized that Adam was lonely.
 He formed a woman and brought her to Adam and she was named after Eve.
 This implements that God is the author of the ritual of marriage
 Jesus also attended a wedding in Cana in John 2;1 following.
 This showed that he blessed this ritual of marriage.
Qn. Who are some of the key people involved in a wedding ceremony.
 The two families of the bride and the groom.
 The church family and church leaders.
 The relatives.
 Then the friend and well-wishers.
Qn. How is the wedding or holy matrimony ceremony important in the life of a Christian.
 Brings together people of different families.
 Strengthens one’s faith to Christianity.
 Fulfillment of God’s wish of reunion between the husband and the wife.
 It also builds up the strong faith in love and commitment between the Christians.
 Helps to ease God’s work and also spreads God’ family through production to multiply
and fill the world as God proposed mission.
 Weddings provide social recognition and acceptance of the couple’s relationships,
strengthening their bond within the community.
 Wedding rituals often incorporate cultural and religious traditions that have been passed
down through generations.
 Weddings create lasting memories and a sense of belonging. This gives an opportunity
for emotional expressions, bonding and the formation of new family connections.
4. Ordination
This is when one is anointed to take rule or control of one position or a given religious
denomination.
It’s mainly attributed to church leaders and also leaders who are always ordained to a given
position to rule others.

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Read Titus 1;5 and Acts 6;1-6 to know about ordination
Titus 1;5
5. I left you in Crete, so that you could put in order the things that still needed doing and
appoint church elders in every town. Remember my instructions.
Acts 6;1-6
1. As the number of disciples kept growing, there was a quarrel between the Greek-speaking
Jews and the native Jews. Greek-speaking Jews claimed that their widows were being
neglected in the daily distribution of funds.
2. So, the twelve disciples called all the believers and talked to them about the word of God
and the financial status of the church.
3. The advised the disciples to choose seven men known to be full of the holy spirit and
wisdom and anoint them into these matters.
4. They would give time to pray and preach themselves.
5. The whole group was pleased and proposed to choose Stephen, a man of full faith and the
holy spirit, Phillips, Prochorus, Nicanor, Timon, Parimenas and Nicolus a gentile from
Antioch who had converted to Judaism.
6. They were presented to the Apostles who prayed and placed their hands on them.
Note;
All the above explained ordination in the bible.
Qn. Discuss the steps of ordination.
 This may vary but most commonly is that the candidates go through training and
theological college or other bible studies or other bible studies or seminary.
 Theological leaders must confirm and recommend the candidates to have the call of
serving God upon their lives.
 The character, qualities and gifts of the person to be ordained is evaluated before
ordination.
 Once a leader is ordained, he/ she becomes more committed to the work of God.
 This is because of the vows they make to God. After ordination they are no longer
ordinary people and so the need to keep their integrity.

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Sub Topic 2:2
CHRISTIAN RITUALS AND THEIR ORIGIN IN THE BIBLE
Rituals in the Old Testament

(Activity 2;8 fountain, 2.3 (a) baroque)
Qn. Discuss the religious rituals in the Old Testament.
Biblical text Ritual performed significance
Exodus 12;1-14 Festival of unleavened bread and To protect the Israelites from the
smearing of blood on the sides and angle of death.
tops of the door frames (Passover)
Leviticus 14;1-32 Cleansing from defiling skin Preparing one to serve God
diseases (priesthood) cleansing was a means
to gain forgiveness for sins and
impurities so that God continues to
live amidst them.
Genesis 2;3 Saturday/ Sunday services/ Worshiping and honouring God.
congregating.
Exodus 20;11 Resting on sabbath and involving Honouring and obeying God.
in church worship.
Exodus 31;12-17 Honouring the sabbath. It gives one time to worship God, to
have intimacy relationship with
God.
Genesis 17;10-14 circumcision It is a form of commitment and
obedience to God as a form of
worship.
1 Samuel 7;8 prayer It evokes God’s help, intervention.
Joel 2;12-13 Fasting and prayer and repentance. It evokes God’s mercy. Renews
one’s life. Brings God’s help and
forgiveness.
1 Samuel 10;1 ff Anointing one for a position. It is like ordination.
Puts one in a certain position.
Exodus 29;1-9 Ordination. It is sign of commitment to do God’s
work. It sets one apart as a servant
of God.

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Rituals in the New testament
(Activity 2;9 fountain, 2;3 (b) baroque)
Qn. Identify the rituals attained in the New testament.
Bible text Rituals performed Origin of the ritual
Matthew 3;13-17 Baptism It originated with John the Baptist in
the river Jordan.
Matthew 26;17-30 Passover/ last supper. It originated in Israel remembering
Israelites din Egypt when all the
Egyptians first born were killed. Jesus
celebrated the Passover and they
called it Holy communion up to now.
Acts 2;1-13 Pentecost. It originated in the early church after
Jesus’ ascension.
Acts 2;38 Baptism. It originated from Jesus commission
to the disciples to teach, baptize and
heal. (Matthew 28;18-20)
John 2;1-12 Marriage rituals. When Jesus attended the wedding of
Cana.
Luke 2 Birth rituals. Jesus was involved in birth rituals.
Rituals in the life of Jesus Christ.

Qn. Identify the rituals in the life of Jesus from birth to death.
This include the following;
 The birth ritual.
 The naming ritual.
 Presenting him in the temple (dedication)
 The baptism ritual.
 The fasting ritual.
 Holy communion.
 The burial ritual.
Summary note;
 Jesus went through a number of rituals although he is the son of God.
 He wanted to fulfill all the requirements of the law of Moses.
 It was a sign of obedience.
 Christians are required to participate in all the required rituals of their denominations.

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Rituals in African Traditional Religion
(Activity 2;13 fountain, 2;4(b) baroque)
Qn. Mention the African rituals that took place in the African Traditional Religion.
This include;
 Pregnancy rituals.
 Birth rituals.
 Naming rituals.
 Initiation rituals.
 Marriage rites.
 Circumcision rituals.
 Death and burial rituals. Etc.
Qn. Discuss ways people celebrate their stages of life today.
Today people celebrate rituals like;
>Pregnancy rituals > Dedication
> Baby showers. > Baptism
> Bridal showers. > Ordination.
> Birth rituals. > Confirmation.
> Naming rituals. > Marriage rituals.
> Death and burial rites. > Holy communion.
Note;
Activity 2;14 is learner based, so let the learners get involved in doing it.
Summary Note;
 Africans celebrate every stage of their life from birth to death.
 They are called rites of passage.
 They performed rituals for each stage. Theses rituals might be different from tribe to tribe
and society to society.
 The most common ones are;
>Pregnancy rites. > Death and funeral rites
> Birth rites. > Twins rites.
> Naming rights. > Puberty rites.
> Circumcision rites. > Marriage rites.
 All traditional rites are performed to appease the particular gods and ancestral spirits.
 Failure to observe the rituals is counted as disobedience to the gods.

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Sub Topic 2:3
CHRISTIAN SYMBOLS AND CELEBRATIONS
Symbols related to Christian rituals
(Activity 2;16 fountain, 2;5 (a) baroque)
Qn. In your own words, give the meaning of the word symbols.
Symbols are things that represent or stand for something else which is tangible.
Some Christian symbols today include;
>The cross. > Crown of thorns
> The rosary. > Bread and wine
> The bible. > Star crescent.
> A dove > Lamb.
> Palm leaves. > Church
> Religious attires > Collar

Table showing the meaning and importance of the symbols in Christianity.
Symbols Meaning. Denomination that uses it more.
A dove Represents the holy spirit. Protestants and Pentecostals.
A lamb Represents Jesus (lamb of God Catholics and protestants.
that was slain)
The cross Represents Jesus on the cross as Catholics.
a sacrifice.
Crucifix-cross Represents Jesus on the cross as Catholics
a sacrifice.
Bread and The blood and body of Jesus that Protestants and Catholics.
wine. was shed on the cross.
The holy The holy word of God. Most Christian denominations.
bible.
A scepter. Symbol of power ceremonially Catholics and Protestants.
used by religious leaders like
Bishops.
Palm Symbolizes goodness and Catholics.
branches. victory. Commemorates Jesus’
entrance into Jerusalem.
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Candle flames Means light of God especially Catholics.
the light of Christ. It means that
Christ is the light of the world.
It’s a sign of faith in Christ
burring in Christians hearts.
Star of David Symbolizes the shield of David. Judaism
It symbolizes martyrdom and
heroism.
The crown Jesus was crowned with thorns Protestants.
the cross.
Christian Celebrations
Qn. Give the meaning of Christian celebrations.
These are special important days marked by adherents or strong religions to celebrate a particular
day in memory of religion.
Qn. Generate a list of Christian celebrations today.
>Christmas. > Easter days.
> Palm Sunday > All saints day.
> Sunday/ Saturday services. > Ascension Day
> Pentecostal day. > Lent days.
> Good Friday. > Holy Thursday.
Qn. Share how you celebrate Christmas, Easter, Palm Sunday and Uganda Martyrs say.
 We celebrate by going to church for services.
 Uganda martyr’s day is celebrated by people moving longer distances to Namugongo to
show martyrdom.
 People also celebrate these days by praising and worshiping God.
 People also celebrate these days by having feasts which show joy among the Christians
and unity.
 People celebrate these days like the Easter days by sharing the bread and wine which
represents the blood and body of Jesus Christ.
 These days are also celebrated by sharing with one another and loving one another in
Christ.

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 These days are also to remember the faithful like the martyrs and Jesus himself as the
main martyr.
 Also celebrated by acting plays and demonstrations which teaches facts.
Importance of Christian celebrations

(Activity 2;23 fountain, 2;5 (f) baroque)
Qn. List down the importance of Cristian celebration.
 These offer a time for families to come together, where they share and celebrate the
love of God.
 Family members and friends strengthen their unity and relationships.
 Sermons taught on such occasions help in shaping Christian life.
 Promotes unity among believers as they gather to celebrate.
 Some churches participate in agape meals.
 Believers share testimonies about the wonderful things God does in this day.
 Such celebrations also promote fellowships among Christians too.
 They promote love and togetherness among Christians.
 They are moments for believers to renew their faith.
Qn. Use the bible to find out the origin of the following celebrations.
Celebrations Importance.
Christmas We celebrate the birth of Jesus Christ our savior and celebrate God’s
love for giving us the one who saved us from sin.
Easter We celebrate Jesus dying for our sins.
Pam Sunday. We celebrate how Jesus was welcomed into Jerusalem ahead of his
death and crucifixion.
Martyrs day. We celebrate the courage of the people who were killed for their faith.
All saint’s day. We celebrate and honor the work of the saints of God.
Weddings. We celebrate with others the gift of marriage.
Ash Wednesday. We celebrate the beginning of lent.
Saturday/ Sunday We celebrate and worship God for his goodness
services
Ascension Day We celebrate the event of Jesus being taken to be with the father.
Lent During lent, we associate ourselves with the suffering of Jesus.
Epiphany Celebrate the day the three wise men visited baby Jesus.
advent Christians await and prepare for the birth of Jesus Christ.
Pentecostal day A celebration to mark the day the disciples received the holy spirit.

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Celebrations in the African Traditional Religions
(Activity 2;25 fountain, 2.5 (g) baroque)
Qn. Identify the traditional African celebrations you know.
These include;
 Child naming.
 Child birth
 Weaning
 Puberty stages.
 Marriage celebrations
 Winning wars.
 Great harvests. Etc.
Qn. Identify the similarities between celebrations in African traditions and Christianity.
Similarities.
 They are all communal
 They involve many people.
 Both are initiated by God.
 They involve worshiping God/ gods / spirits.
 Both of them are led by religious leaders.
 They involve sharing, giving and offerings
 Both form culture and traditional customs of specific religions.
Differences;
Christianity African tradition.
Monotheistic religion having a believe in Polytheistic meaning believes in different gods
Jesus Christ. and spirits depending on the different religions.
Christian celebrations typically worship Contains wide range of rituals and ceremonies that
in churches, with rituals e.g. prayers, vary among different communities e.g. offering
hymns, sermons etc. sacrifices, dances, storytelling etc.
Celebrations are always influenced by Celebrations are deeply rooted in the cultural
the cultural practices of the regions traditions of specific ethnic groups, and
where they are observed e.g. Christmas incorporated elements like traditional music,
having traditions like decorating trees, dance, costumes etc.
exchanging gifts etc.
Christianity is a global religion with Have primarily remained localized and have faced
significant influence worldwide. challenges due to the influence of other religions.

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Sample 1
John and Mary met at Bishop Stuart University. They became friends. After completing their
studies, they decided to get married and become husband and wife. They did not want to start
living together without being blessed by a priest. Mary had lost her parents when she was a little
girl and she was raised by a Muslim family.
When John and Mary approached the priest of Christ the King Catholic Church and told him
about their intension to marry, he requested both of them to bring their baptism and confirmation
cards as the first step for consideration.
Unfortunately, Mary had not received these rituals of baptism and confirmation. She therefore
told the priest about it. The priest told John and Mary that they could not get Holy matrimony
before fulfilling the Christian rituals demanded.
task
Qn.1. Advise Mary what she should do. Quote bible verses to support your advice.
Qn.2. Write an essay of about 250-300 words and explain why Mary should follow your advice.
Quote bible verses to support your advice.
Qn. 3. In about 100 words, identify and explain other important rituals of Christianity.
Sample 2
Joab was raised in a strong Christian family. He also went to Christian schools and went through
all the Christian rituals. He has finished school, has a job and wants to get married in a church.
His fiancée prefers to cohabit because she was not baptized or even confirmed. She is interested
in the relationship but not the church wedding. The family of Joab and the fiancée are concern,
the whole church community has started pointing fingers at them.
Task
Qn. Write an advice note to the couples on how to go about that situation.
End of chapter 2
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CHAPTER 3
Topic: VALUES IN CHRISTIANITY, ISLAM AND
AFRICAN TRADITIONAL RELIGION
Sub Topic 3:1
THE FOUNDATION OF CHRISTIANITY, ISLAM AND
AFRICAN TRADITIONAL RELIGION
The foundation of Christianity, Islam and African Traditional

Religion
Qn. What is religion?
Religion is a belief in and worship of a supreme being, especially a personal God or gods.
Qn. Identify a list of the religions in this world that you know.
>Christianity > Spiritism
> Islam > Judaism
> Hinduism > Bahai
> Chinese traditional religion > Jainism
> Buddhism > Shinto
> African traditional religion > Cao Dai
> Sikhism > Zoroastrianism
> Juche > Tenrikyo
> Neo-Paganism > Unitarian-Universalism

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Foundation of Christianity as a religion
Qn. Identify the Christian religious sects you know of in Uganda.
 Protestants
 Catholics
 Seventh day Adventists
 Pentecostal/ born again churches
 Christ disciple churches.
 Impact ministries Uganda.
 Jehovah witnesses Uganda etc.
(Activity 3;3 fountain, 3;1 baroque)
Qn. How did Christianity come to the world.
 Christianity came from Judaism. Judaism was the religion of the Jewish people.
 The founder of the Christian faith is Jesus Christ, the son of God.
 When He started his public ministry, He called His disciples one by one. Jesus taught His
disciples the truth about the kingdom of God.
 Before Jesus died and descended to heaven, He promised His disciples the Holy spirit, a
helper who would help them after He has gone.
 Jesus instructed them to preach the gospel to all ends of the earth.
 On the day of Pentecost, the Holy spirit came and filled the Christians. This marked the
beginning of Christianity.
 The Holy spirit enabled the disciples to preach the gospel. By the apostles, many people
converted to Christianity.
 Christianity grew and spread far and beyond Palestine, Antioch (Syria), Galatia, Corinth,
Rome, Ephesus and eventually Africa.
 By the 15th century, Christianity had spread to America and sub Saharan Africa.
 By the 20th century, it had spread to the rest of the world.
 Christianity believes in one true God who exists in trinity (God the father, the son and the
Holy spirit)
 Christianity is based on having faith in Jesus Christ for one to be saved.
 Christianity believes that Christ is the Messiah the savior of the world.
 Christianity uses the bible as a sacred book. The word of God. Before Christianity there
was Judaism, the religion of the Jews.
 It became Christianity when the apostles started teaching about Christ.
 Christianity exists in many branches but the main ones are, the Roman Catholics, the
orthodox and the protestants.
 The three branches then are further subdivided in many divisions.
 Christianity is based on the life, teaching, death and the resurrection of Jesus.
 The followers of Christianity are called “Christians” because they follow Christ.
 Christians gather in churches for worship, bible study, prayers and many other practices.
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Important personalities in the spread of Christianity
Qn. Read, describe and take note of what happened in the following bible books.
Acts 4;1-22, acts 5;17-41, acts 6;6-15,7;1-60, acts 12;1-19,
Acts 4;1-22
 Peter and John were arrested because of preaching about Jesus that He resurrected.
 They were brought to the members of the council and questioned by whose powers did
they make the lame man to walk.
 They were warned strongly to stop teaching in the name of Jesus Christ.
Acts 5;17-41
 As miracles increased in the teaching of the apostles, they were persecuted the more.
 They were arrested and put in a public jail by the high priests, his companions and the
Sadducees.
 They were stopped to teach in the name of Jesus. But at the advice of Gamali they were
left free.
Acts 6;8-15, 7;1-60
 Stephen a man full of the holy spirit performed many miracles.
 He was however falsely accused of speaking against Moses and against God.
 He was seized and taken to the council but as he was giving a speech to defend himself,
he was stoned to death by a large crowd.
Acts 12;1-19
 At the order of king Herod, James was put to death by a sword.
 When this pleased the Jews, He also ordered the arrest of Peter.
 But the church prayed earnestly for Peter and the angels of the lord released him from
prison.
How Saul convert to Christianity

Qn. Read Acts 9;1-42 and describe how Saul converted to Christianity.
Acts 9;1-42
 Saul was at the center of persecuting Christians in the land of the Jews.
 As he was on his way to Assyria (Damascus) to persecute more Christians.
 The light shone around him and upon falling to the ground, He heard a voice saying to
him, Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting me.
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 And he asked “who are you” and he said am Jesus, whom you are persecuting.
 Finally, He was converted by Jesus from Paul to Saul.
 He then got baptized and was filled with the holy spirit.
Qn. Explain Paul’s contribution to the church after conversion to Christianity.
 He became an apostle of Jesus Christ amidst persecution.
 Paul contributed a lot in spreading Christianity.
 He preached the gospel of Jesus and won many people in the history of the church.
 He made many missionary journeys and started many Christian churches.
 He is the author of most of the letters in the New testaments.
 He converted many Jews into Christianity and believe in Jesus Christ as a personal
savior.
 Provided guidance and counselling to the believers who were undergoing a lot.
 Anointed and taught more people to be Jesus’ apostles like Titus etc.
 Took part in charity runs by visiting believer’s door to door to comfort and offers help
like healing the sick etc.
 Also participated in baptizing converts into Christianity.
The Pre- Islamic Period (Jahiliya)

Qn. Define;
Islam
Islam means acceptance and submission to Allah (God)
Jahiliya
Originated from the Arabic word “Jahala” meaning not knowing or not having knowledge.
Jahiliya refers to a period of ignorance and immorality.
Characteristics of the Arabs during the Jahiliya period
 They were primitive.
 They were rude
 They were inhuman
 The Arabs were unruly
 The Arabs were also non-religious.
 They were immoral
 They were illiterate.
 They were undisciplined.
 The Arabs were also idolaters.

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Qn. Discuss the social evils of the Jahiliya period.
 Incest.
 Adultery.
 Child sacrifice.
 Corruption.
 Interreligious fights.
 Sexual indiscipline.
 Slavery.
 Killing of slaves.
 Mistreatment of the poor by the rich.
Foundation of Islam
Qn. Describe the foundation of the Islam religion.
 Islam comes from an Arabic word “Salaam” which means peace. Islam therefore means
total submission to the will of Allah by obeying his commands.
 Islam began way back in the 7th century in Saudi Arabia.
 Islam was introduced by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) (Circa 570-632 AD) in 610 AD
after he was visited by Angel Gabriel.
 Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is the one who spoke (voiced) the Quran the Holy book of
Islam.
 Muslims believe the Quran as the perfect words of Allah.
 The Quran was given by God (Allah) through the Angel Gabriel to the Prophet
Muhammad (PBUH) (Surat 2;97)
 Islam has a major belief in Allah as the one true God and has no equal.
 Islam is a religion based on five pillars which are very important.
 They include the confession of faith, rituals prayer, Zakat or charity, fasting and the Hajj
(a pilgrimage to Mecca)
 Muslims are committed to prayer.
 They pray five times a day.
 They normally gather in Mosques to pray and recite the Quran.
 Their prayer day is Friday.
 The activities Muslims do are directed to serving Allah.
 Muslims respect their holy places of worship which are in the cities of Mecca and
Medina and mosques all over the world.
 On Friday they gather for Jumma prayers.
 Islam has two divisions i.e. the Sunni which takes around 75-90% of the believers and the
Shai who take the remaining 10-20%.
 Islam spread from the Arabian Peninsula where it started to many parts of the world
through caliphates, empires and traders.
 It has now converted believers throughout Asia, Africa, Europe and America.
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The origin of the African Traditional Religion
 African Tradition Religion came about as a need of human beings searching for a
relationship with the supreme God.
 Africans believed they can reach God through their ancestors.
 This caused them to offer sacrifices and perform rituals as a way of worship.
 African Traditional Religion is included in their culture, practices, symbols, arts, and
their way of life in their particular society.
Foundation of the African Traditional Religion

(Activity 3;11 fountain,3;4 baroque)
Qn. Describe the foundation of the African Traditional Religion.
 African Traditional Religion refers to the original religions of the African people.
 Many ideas try to explain the origin of the African traditional religion.
 The most notable of all is the Animistic idea by Edward Tayler.
 Anima is from a Latin word animistic which means soul.
 It means that African religion developed from the worship of souls of the dead
(ancestors)
 He argued that dreams, visions about the dead caused Africans to conclude that bodies
have souls known as anima.
 Dreaming of the dead meant that people did not really die but continued to exist in
different forms such as animals, trees, springs, volcanos, rivers, stones etc.
 They believed that forms of animals’ life like snakes, lizards and insects which appeared
in their homesteads were souls of their dead relatives who would come to visit them.
 This is the origin of the belief in an unending life.
 They started believing that the whole world is full of spirits and these may be good or
bad and can be angered any time.
 Fear caused people to begin to offer sacrifices to please these gods/ ancestral spirits.
 They also started to practice rituals and ceremonies to gain blessings from them to
escape the likely consequences of their anger.
 It’s from this belief that African traditional religions came about.
The link between the Old testament and the New testament
Qn. Name the books of the Old and the New testament.
Old testament books
>Genesis > 1 and 2 Chronicles > Isaiah > Nahum
> Exodus > Ezra > Jeremiah > Habakkuk
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> Leviticus > Nehemiah > Ezekiel > Zephaniah
> Numbers > Esther > Daniel > Haggai
> Deuteronomy > Job > Hosea > Zechariah
> Joshua > Psalms > Joel > Malachi
> Judges > Proverbs > Amos
> Ruth > Ecclesiastes > Obadiah
> 1 and 2 Samuel > Song of songs > Jonah
> 1 and 2 Kings > Lamentations > Micah
New testament
>Matthew > Galatians > Philemon
> Mark > Ephesians > Hebrews
> Luke > Philippians > James
> John > Colossians > 1 and 2 Peter
> Acts > 1 and 2 Thessalonians > 1, 2 and 3 John
> Romans > 1 and 2 Timothy > Jude
>1 and 2 Corinthians > Titus > Revelations
Qn. Discuss how the two parts of the bible are connected
Bible text Linking the old to the new testament
Matthew 1;1-17 Refers to the lineage of Jesus beginning with Abraham which is
found in the Old testament.
Acts 7;2-53 In Acts 7;2-53, there is a reference to father Abraham.
There is a reference to the circumcision of Isaac.
There is a reference to selling Joseph into slavery in Egypt.
There is a reference to Pharaoh, king of Egypt.
There is a reference to the famine that struck all Egypt and
Canaan.
There is a reference to the fulfillment of God’s promises to
Abraham.
There is a reference to the birth of Moses.
There is a reference to the burning bush in the desert near Mount
Sinai.

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Acts 2;16 Refers to the prophecy
Galatians 2;19 Refers to the laws of Moses.
Matthew 2;6, 2;17, 21;5, Matthew has a special fondness for the messianic prophecies by
26;31 Isaiah and other properties. He clearly regarded these as
incomplete without Jesus.
John 8;31-34 John refers to the people as Abraham’s descendants.
Daniel 9;24 God promises to free people from sin and evil.
Zechariah 9;9 Refers to Jesus’ triumphant entry in Jerusalem.
Zechariah 11; 12-13 Refers to Judas’ betrayal of Jesus.
Luke 1;35 The birth of Jesus is foretold.
Prophecies about Christ in the Old testament

You have linked the Old with the New testament by use of promises and their fulfillment.
We now identify the promises about Christ and how they were fulfilled.
(Activity 3;13 fountain, 3;5 (b) baroque)
Bible text Promise fulfillment
Zechariah 9;9 King coming to Jerusalem. Matthew 21;6-8, Jesus entered
Jerusalem on a donkey.
Malachi 3;1 The messenger to prepare the John the Baptist came to prepare the
way for the Lord. way for Jesus.
Isaiah 7;10-14 King called Emmanuel. Jesus was born to Mary and his name is
Emmanuel.
Zechariah 12;10 The ones who will be stabbed to The death of Jesus by stabbing.
death.
Ezekiel 34;11 ff Good shepherd. Jesus is the good shepherd.
Jeremiah 31;31- The new covenant between God The new covenant was fulfilled with
34 and his people. the death and resurrection of Jesus, (the
covenant of blood of Jesus)
2 Samuel 7;13 David’s kingdom to reign Jesus kingdom is forever. It’s stems
forever. from the time of king David.
Psalms 2;1-12 God’s chosen king. Jesus came to fulfill this. He is the
king.
Psalms 22; 1-21 Dividing his clothes among Jesus’ clothes were divided among the
themselves. soldiers after his death.
Psalms 16;8-11 Protection from the power of Jesus was not abandoned to flee the
death. world of the dead. He was saved from
death.

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The Torah and the ten commandments in Christianity
(Activity 3;15 fountain, 3;5 (c), 3;5 (d) baroque)
Meaning of Torah and the ten commandments
 In our homes, schools and communities, there are a set of rules and regulations that guide
people on what to do.
 This help people to do the right things and to live in harmony with others.
 At national levels, the government sets rules/laws to govern the citizens on how to live
and behave as put in the constitution.
 In this section, you are going to discover that God gave laws to the Israelites in form of
Torah and the ten commandments.
 These laws were to guide the Israelites to do the right things in their relationship with
God.
 We all understand that there are laws given by God in the bible and are written in the first
five books of the Old Testament.
 The books are called the Pentateuch or law books.
 The Torah contains the ten commandments (Decalogue) and the five books containing
the laws of God in the old testament include;
>Genesis
> Exodus
> Leviticus
> Numbers
> Deuteronomy
The ten commandments drown from the book of Exodus 20;1-17

The ten commandments in Exodus 20;1-17 are summarized as follows;
1. Always put God first.
2. Worshiping only one God and not worshiping other gods apart from Him.
3. Using Gods names with respect and avoiding false accusations in God’s name.
4. Remembering the Sabbath day and keeping it holy.
5. Honoring your father and mother, that your days may be long upon the land which the
Lord your God gives you.
6. You shall not kill.
7. You shall not commit adultery.
8. You shall not steal.
9. You shall not bare false witness against your neighbors.
10. You shall not covet your neighbor’s house, wife, his manservant, his maidservant, his ox,
nor any thing that is your neighbors’.

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Note;
From the discussions on the commandments above, we realize that,
 The 1st – 4th commandments were to guide Israelites to deal with God and fellow human
beings.
 They promote good values such as;
>Divine superiority > Commitment
> Uniqueness of God > Submission
> Monotheism > Divine worship
> Faithfulness > Service of God
> Obedience
 The 5 – 10th commandments promote the values of;
th
>Respect for family

> Respect for marriage
> Respect for human life
> Respect for ownership of property
> The value for integrity
 The other values taught by the ten commandments include;
>Honour > Responsibility > Faithfulness
> Obedience > Courtesy > Self-reliance
> Care > Commitment > Hard work
> Consideration > Self-control > Cooperation
> Humility > Honesty > Concern
> Contentment > Good personal conduct
 It’s very important for a Christian to obey laws most especially divine laws
 Parental guidelines are also vital.
 Obedience to them causes one to be blessed and to enjoy long life

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Sub Topic 3:2
COMMON BELIEFS IN ISLAM, CHRISTIANITY AND
AFRICAN TRADITIONAL RELIGIONS
Qn. Research to find out on the common beliefs in God in the African traditional religion,
Christianity and Islam.
Table below shows the common beliefs in God across the three religions
Christianity Islam African traditional religion
Belief in a supreme being Believe in a supreme being Belief in a supreme being, and
(God) (Allah) gods/ ancestral spirits below
him.
Believe in praying Believe in praying Believe in praying.
Believe in worship Believe in worshiping Believe in worshiping
Sacrifice and giving Zakat sacrificing
However, there are some differences in belief i.e.
 Christians believe in trinity, God the father, son and holy spirit.
 Christians believe that Jesus is the son of God
 Islam teaches that Jesus is a prophet.
 Moslems do not believe in the holy trinity.
 Traditional Africans believe the creator lives in heaven but has some houses on earth, on
the mountains where he can rest during his visits
 Traditional Africans believe in intermediaries who meditate between God and human.
Monotheism in Christianity, Islam and African traditional religions

Qn. What is monotheism?
Monotheism comes from two words “mono” and “theism”
Mono means “one” and theism is the belief in the existence of a supreme being.
Therefore;
Monotheism is the belief in one God.
It’s a belief in the existence of only one God who created the world.

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Qn. How do the three religions understand (uphold) the name of God
 Uphold God as the supreme God.
 Uphold God as the everlasting being.
 Understand God as the creator of all things and also heaven and earth.
 God is also upheld as a powerful God over all creations.
 Uphold God as a merciful God and forgiving to man kind and all the living creatures on
earth.
 Uphold God as all righteous and has never gone wrong.
 Also understand God as the final judge and all believe in judgement day.
Monotheism in Christianity and Islam

Qn. Discuss how the following scriptures show the characteristics of monotheism.
Christianity teaching on monotheism
 1 Timothy 2;5
For there is one God, and there is one who brings God and human beings together. The man
Christ Jesus.
 1 Corinthians 8;6
Yet there is for us only one God, the father, who is the creator of all things and for whom we live
and there is only one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom all things were created and through
whom we live.
 Exodus 20; 1-7
1.God spoke, and these were his words. 2. I am the lord your God who brought you out of Egypt
where you were slaves.
3. Worship no god but me.
4. Do not make for yourself images of anything in heaven or on earth or in the water under the
earth.
5. do not bow down to any idol or worship it, because I am the lord your God and I tolerate no
rivals. I bring punishment on those who hate me and, on their descendants, down to the third and
fourth generation.
6. But I show my love to thousands of generations of those who love me and obey my laws.
7. do not use my name for evil purposes, for I, the lord your God, will punish any one who
misuse my name.

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Islam teaching in monotheism i.e. believe in one supper being
In Islam in Surat Al- Baqarah,
 There is none who has the right to be worshiped but He, the most Gracious, the most
Merciful (Al-Quran 2;16)
 Taw heed Islamically refers to Allah being singled out alone.
 Shahada says that “there is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is His messenger”
 This is the basic statement of the Islamic faith.
 When a Muslim recites this, they proclaim; that Allah is the only God, and that
Muhammad is His prophet.
The nature of God

(Activity 3;20 fountain, 3;6 C baroque)
Qn. Describe the nature of God as recorded in the above faith religions.
 God is omnipotent (all powerful). Meaning that God is powerful than anything on earth.
 God is omniscient (all knowing). God is all knowing in the sense that He is aware of the
past, present and the future.
 God is omnipresent (all present). This means that God is capable of being everywhere at
the same time. It means His divine presence encompasses the whole of the universe.
 He is seen as a pre-existent being, that is to say he existed before this world took its
present form.
 He is also revealed as a perfect worker, after his creation exercise, He was pleased with
what he saw because it was good work.
 He is reflected as a spirit, meaning He is unseen and untouchable.
 He is identified as a hardworking God because He worked for six days while creating the
universe and he gave himself the seventh day for rest.
 He is recognized as a source of life because before creation, life was not there in the
world.
 God is also a good designer. He designed the universe so well with valleys, hills,
mountains, waterbodies etc.
 He is a perfect God, infallible and a source of morality.
 He is the author of marriage to mankind, hence the creation of male and female suggest
that plan of having holy marriage.
 He is an absolute provider and sustainer for all living creatures including man. He gave
him all the fruits to enjoy.

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The provided bible text and their descriptions of the nature or quality of God
Bible text Description/ explanation of the nature/ quality of God.
Matthew 14;29 God is powerful. He is above the dictates of nature i.e. water, wind etc.
Colossians 1;17 Christ is self-created, pre-existed, has no beginning, no end, the first
and the last.
Genesis 1;3 ff God is powerful, full of authority, created the universe by his word of
command.
Genesis 1;9 God commands everything and it obeys. Even the waters obey His
voice. He is powerful.
Jeremiah 1;5 God knows everyone, everything, the past, present and the future.
Genesis 2 God created human beings’ man and woman, out of the man’s rib. This
shows that he is all knowing, powerful, so thoughtful.
Matthew 10;30 God is all knowing. He even knows the number of hairs all people on
the earth have. Even the hair that falls off is numbered by him.
The features of African traditional religious beliefs.

Qn. Identify the main features of the African traditional religions.
 Worshiping of the supreme God through spirits, small gods etc.
 Worship of the supreme God through intermediaries and ancestors.
 Sacrificing to appease the gods.
 Carrying out ritual’s ceremonies.
 Respecting sacred objects like mountains, trees etc.
 Using shrines.
 Worship the supreme God through divination.
 Worship the supreme God through chanting, foretelling etc.
 Worshiped the supreme God through traditional healings.
 Also worshiped the supreme God through devotion and respect for their sacred gods.
Qn. Identify the values promoted by African traditional religions
 Worship of gods.
 Respect for one another and also God who is the supreme being.
 Fearing God as the highest to be respected.
 Developed a spirit of responsibility.
 Had commitment and faith in them (gods)
 Had the spirit of unity amongst themselves (people)
 There was also a spirit of solidarity among the believers.

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Intermediaries, Mediators and Ancestors in African traditional religions
(Activity 3;23 fountain, 3;6 (d) and (e) baroque)
Qn. Define the following terms.
Intermediaries.
There were spiritual specialists who mediated between the people and God.
Ancestors
According to African traditional religion, an ancestor is any person from whom one is
descended. i.e. a grandparent, great-grandparent, great-great-grandparent and so forth.
Qn. Identify the intermediaries in the African traditional societies.

This include;
>The ancestors > Oracles
> Kings > Rain makers
> Medicine men > Ritual elders
> Seers > Traditional healers
> Diviners > Chiefs
> Fortune tellers
Duties of the intermediaries (importance)

 They got messages from God and communicated to the people.
 They received sacrifices and offerings on behalf of God.
 Communicated the human needs to God.
 They would punish the people who misbehave on behalf of God.
 They also blessed the people on behalf of God.
 They connected the living and the dead with God through prayers, sacrifices and other
practices.
 Acted as the foretellers of the future.
 Took part in conflict resolution hence creating peaceful environments for their people.
 They provided spiritual guidance and healing to individuals who seek their assistance
through rituals, prayers, use of medicine plants etc.
 Promoted spiritual protection and environmental stewardship. i.e. emphasize the
interconnectedness between humans, nature and the spiritual realm.
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Differences between Christianity, Islam and African traditional religions
Qn. In groups, identify the differences between Christianity, Islam and African traditional
religions.
Christianity Islam African traditional society
They worship God They worship Allah. The worship ancestors and
the spirits of the dead.
Day of worship is Saturday or Day of worship is Friday. Any day is the day of
Sunday worship.
God is in the three (believe in Allah is one in totality. Believe in supreme beings,
the trinity) with small gods under him.
Believe in heaven and hell. Believe in hell and paradise. Believe in unending life
incarnation.
Believe that Jesus died and They don’t believe in Jesus’
was resurrected. death and resurrection.

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Chapter 3:3
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHRISTIAN AND ISLAMIC
BELIEFS
Christianity and Islamic beliefs basing on the Ten Commandments
Qn. Compare Christian and Muslim beliefs on the Ten commandments.
For the Christians we get them from Exodus 20;1-17
Note;
The ten commandments in order in the two religions of Christianity and Islam are at most similar
but having same small differences in Islam as follows.
For example, in Islam;
1. The belief of oneness (Tawhid), which forms the first one of the Ten commandments, is
the first and basic principles on which the Quran focuses. (Al-Baqara 21163, Al-Anam
6/19,102)
2. The second commandment prohibits idolatry, the Quran prohibits both polytheism and
worshiping any one other than Allah. (An-Nisa 4/36, 116, Al-Anam 6/151, Yunus 10/18.
3. Quran also prohibits to mention Allah’s name for false accusations. (Al-Baqara 2/224,
Al-Maida 5/89)
4. However, prophet Mohammad abolished the sabbath. (Al-Araf 7/157)
5. Commandments of showing respect to parents. (Al-Baqara 2/83, Al-Isra 17/23)
6. Not killing people. (Al-Baqara 2/84, An-Nisa 4/29)
7. Not stealing. (Al-Maida 5/38, Al-Mumtahina 60/12)
8. Not committing fornication. (An-Nur 24/30-31)
9. Not committing perjury against one’s neighbor, not trying to grab the possessions of
one’s neighbor (Al-Baqara 2/83, An-Nisa 4/36)
Are included in the Quran too.
Qn. Identify the similarities and differences in beliefs between Christianity and Islam.
Similarities
 Both obey the ten commandments.
 The both believe in worshiping no other God apart from the creator.
 Both believe in honouring God’s name as holy.
 They both teach honestly in their relations with others.
 Both believe in life after death.

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Differences.
Christianity Islam.
Worship on Saturday or Sundays Worship on Friday.
Pray in the church Pray in the mosque.
Respect of life is complete i.e. do not The Sharia provides situations where one can be put
commit murder to death.
Support monogamy. Take part in polygamy.
Relationship between God and Human beings

Qn. Mention the ways people should relate with God.
By obeying the ten commandments which are;
 Believing in one God and acts as the first commandment.
 God hates idol worshipers that is to say false gods which people should deviate from
since they will face due punishment from God
 God calls upon people to respect the elderly and also the children to respect their parents.
 God calls upon worshiping Him on the sabbath day which he calls to be holy and should
be respected.
 God hates those who take part in killing others and He condemns them for the practices
they do.
 God calls upon people to respect one another and avoid acts like theft, etc. which deprive
other people’s happiness.
 God hates the fornicators and calls upon people to avoid such acts because they lead to
judgement.
 People are also called upon not to be jealous of one another by God or even envy and
grabbing one’s property or possession.
The Nicene Creed

(Activity 3;26 fountain, 3;7 (d) baroque)
Discover more about the beliefs in Christianity. They are the pillars of the Christian faith.
The Nicene Creed
I Believe in one God, the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth, of all things visible
and invisible.
I Believe in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only begotten son of God, born of the father before all
ages.

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God from God, Begotten, not made, consubstantial with the father. Through Him all things
were made.
For us men and from our salvation He came down from heaven, and by the Holy spirit was
incarnate of the virgin Mary, and became man.
For our sake, He was crucified under Pontius Pilate, he suffered death and was buried, and
rose again on the third day in accordance with the scriptures.
He ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the father.
He will come to judge the living and the dead and his kingdom will have no end.
I believe in the Holy spirit, the Lord, the giver of life, who proceeds from the father and the
son is adored and glorified, who has spoken through the prophets.
I believe in one, Holy catholic and apostolic church.
I confess one baptism for the forgiveness of sins and I look forward to the resurrection of the
dead and the life of the world to come.
Amen
Qn. Identify the beliefs in the Nicene Creed.

 Belief in one God the maker of heaven and earth.
 Belief in one lord Jesus Christ the only begotten son of God.
 Believe that Christ died for our sins and resurrected, ascended to heaven and will come to
judge the living and the dead.
 Believe in the holy spirit.
 Believe in one holy catholic and apostolic church.
 Believe in baptism for the forgiveness of sins.
 Believe in the resurrection of the dead n Christ.
The pillars of Islam

(Activity 3;7 fountain, 3;5 (e) baroque)
Qn. What are pillars as described by Islam?
Pillars refers to the duties (practices) Muslims embrace (use) to support their beliefs and teaching
so that Islam remains a live religion.
Qn. Identify and write the five pillars of Islam.
The pillars of faith in Islam include;
 Shahadah (faith)
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 Salah (prayer)
 Sawn (fasting)
 Zakat (arms giving)
 Hajj (pilgrimage)

Shahadah (faith/ confession)
Is a confession that there is only one God (Allah) and Muhammad (PBUH) his prophet. This is a
basic Muslim creed.
Importance of Shahadah
 Keeps the believers obedient to Allah and follow the prophet’s way of submission to
Allah.
 Believers are introduced to the 99 attributes of Allah.
 Foundation of all Muslim teachings and practices.
 Keeps believers always in search for God.
 Enables believers describe Allah in his attributes.
 Protects believers against false gods and idolatry.
 Keeps Muslims prayerful and devoted.
 It enlightens believers and gives hope in the believers in the believe about life after
death.
Salat (prayers)
Is an Arabic word meaning the ritual prayer of Muslims. Prayer is the direct communication with
Allah.
Muslims pray five times daily as ordered by Allah.
They pray;
 Morning prayers (Subh or Fajr)
 Noon prayers (Dhuhur)
 Afternoon/ evening prayers (Asr)
 Sunset prayers (Maghrib)
 Night prayers (Ishac)
Qn. What conditions are fulfilled before prayer is done.
 Locating the Kaaba.
 Making Niyyah.
 Performing ablution/ cleaning the praying place.
 Washing of the body parts to feel cleansed.
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Qn. Which acts that might cause a prayer to be cancelled.
 Talking while praying.
 Not following the steps of salat for example;
 From standing to bowing to prostrating.
 Not getting ablution.
 Passing the wind.
 Eating in a mosque.
 Speaking.
 Laughing.
 Drinking.
Qn. What are the good values in Islamic prayers.
 Respect for Allah.
 Cleanliness.
 Decency.
 Discipline.
 Concentration.
Importance of salat.
 Enable Muslims worship God and focus on him.
 Makes Muslims faith activities live. For example, praying five times a day.
 Believers draw closer to Allah.
 Promotes decency, enjoying the right conduct.
 Prayers are a moment of commitment to Allah.
 The salat brings believers together.
 Being a communal act, praying keeps Muslims a worshiping community.
 Praying gives opportunity for the young to learn their faith from their parents.
 Enables learning of verses of the Quran and the official language for worship.
 Prayers serve to remind Muslims about regulating and discipline of their status before
Allah as worship servants.
Zakat (Alms giving)

Zakat is the compulsory giving of a set amount of one’s wealth to the needy.
It’s regarded as a type of worship and a way of purifying oneself. Zakat is given to specific
groups of people at specific times.
Its an act of thanksgiving to Allah. Giving alms causes one to know that all wealth comes fom
God and should be shared.

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Importance of Zakat
 Gives opportunity for the believers to their belongings with one another.
 It’s a moment of dramatizing Allah’s loving care to the needy.
 The giver is blessed i.e. blessed is the hand that gives.
 Poor experience God’s love and care for them through the donations.
 Makes the faith active.
 Units believers.
 The rich express gratitude to Allah for the gift of wealth.
 Rends off believers of selfishness and encourages generosity.
Saum (fasting)
Fasting is an obligation/ duty to abstain from food, drinks, sexuality and other desires during the
holy month of Ramadhan.
Ramadhan is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. Fasting is from down until sunset.
During this time, people commit themselves to prayer, reflection and giving. Fasting makes
people receive blessings from Allah. It’s a way of professing or confessing one’s faith.
Importance of Saum
 Zakat trains moderate and discipline of body and will.
 It cleanses the believers from sin.
 Frames a believer’s maturity in faith, commitment and focus in God.
 Pleases Allah and the believers are blessed.
 It concludes the holy month of the Ramathan, enriching the faith of the believers.
 It earns God’s mercy.
Hajj (Pilgrimage)
Muslims make holy journeys to Mecca and Medina periodically to express their believe in Allah.
Advantages of Hajj
 Keeps the Muslims faith alive.
 Units Muslims world-wide.
 Creates inspiration to believers to remain faithful and committed to Allah.
 Believers gain a religion status, for example, one becomes a holy or hajat on pilgrimages.
 Believers get blessings for the rites performed.
 Believers are purified by the rites.
 Promotes hard work in the planning for the yearly pilgrimage.

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The six Articles of faith in Islam
(Activity 3;30 fountain, 3;7 (e) baroque)
Qn. Read and discuss the Articles of faith in Islam
The six Articles of faith in Islam.
 Belief in one God (Allah), he has 99 names (Attribute)
 Believe in Gods Angels, these are spiritual beings to choose between good and evil and
worship Allah with perfect obedience.
 Believe in God’s messengers e.g. Adam, Nuhu, Ibrahim, Isa and Muhammad who is the
last and greatest prophet.
 Believe in life after death and judgement day.
 Believe in the books sent by god including the Quran, Bible and Torah.
 Believe in destiny. Whatever God does have a purpose.
Other articles include;
 Believe that whoever sincerely repent and submit to God return to state of purity.
 When a child reaches puberty, an account of his or her deeds opens in heaven.
 All children are born alfitril (pure) natural state of submission to Allah.
 Muslims believe in pre destination and free will that all occasions on earth, good or bad,
pain or pleasure, being pre obedient have been permitted by Allah.
Qn. Identify the good values in the articles of faith in Islam

The good values about the articles of faith include;
 Monotheism which is believe in one God.
 Respect for one another and also religion.
 Being careful.
 Obedience to both God and also to all the beings.
 Having faith.
 Having trust from one another.
 Being loyal to one another.

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Sub topic 3:4
BIBLICAL TEACHING ABOUT HARMONIOUS LIVING
Meaning of Harmonious Living
(Activity 3;31 fountain, 3;8 baroque)
Qn. What is harmonious living.
Harmonious living is all about getting along with others peacefully not quarreling, fighting or
despising them.
Qn. How should one live harmoniously, at home, school and the community.
Harmonious living in either a home, school or community can only be achieved where there is;
 Respect for one another.
 Obedience to elders or authorities.
 Celebrating their lives.
 Showing gratitude and appreciation to others.
 Good communication.
 Treating others well.
 Being compassionate to each other.
 Staying positive in life.
 Forgiving one another.
 Sharing amongst one another.
 Helping one another.
Jesus lived harmoniously with others.

(Activity 3;32, 3;33 fountain)
Reading John 4;7-27 and Luke 9;49-50
In Acts 28;30-31,
 Paul lived harmoniously with people.
 He taught all kinds of people about Jesus.
 He rented himself a house, he never wanted to bather the Christians.
 He freely taught them about the Lord Jesus Christ.
In Romans 14;1-23,
 Paul teaches people to live harmoniously with others.
 He teaches people to welcome the weak in faith, to help strengthen them.
 He teaches respect for people’s opinions and not to despise others.
 He discouraged passing judgement on others.
 To Paul, God is the only fair judge of all.
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 Paul also reminds Christians not to cause others to fall into sin but to mind about them.
 He teaches believers to aim at bringing peace to one another.
 Paul also emphasizes love for one another as brothers and sisters in Christ.
In 1 Corinthians 10;31-32,
 Paul calls upon people to live in harmony with others.
 Teaches people to do whatever they do for the glory of God.
 He teaches people to avoid causing trouble to others.
 One should think of the good of all rather than being selfish.
 One should try to please everyone they live with so that they might be saved.
 Christians should avoid despising or judging others whether according to tribe, color,
gender etc.
Qn. What does Paul teach on harmonious living according to the bible.
 Paul teaches people to help the weak in faith.
 Paul teaches people to respect people’s opinions.
 Paul teaches people to love one another.
 Paul discourages judging others unfairly.
 Paul teaches people to aim at bringing peace to one another.
 He also teaches people to avoid causing trouble to one another.
 Teaches people to think good of others and to be unselfish.
 Discourages people to despise and judge others according to their differences.
Qn. What are some of the causes of disharmony.
 Disharmony is caused by lack of love for one another.
 Disharmony is caused by selfishness among people.
 It’s also caused by discrimination amongst one another.
 Biased judgement of one another also causes disharmony.
 Poverty rates around the family or community.
 High levels of illiteracy also cause disharmony.
 High levels of drug consumption in the community e.g. opium takers, alcohol etc.
 High crime rates in the community.
 Lack of faithfulness and harmony among one another in families and also the community.
 There is lack of trust and peace in the community too hence causing disharmony.
Similarities across the three religions

Qn. Identify the similarities across the three religions.
 They are all monotheistic religions.
 All have worship places.
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 All have fundamental beliefs in one God.
 They all perform rituals and religious ceremonies.
 They all have religious beliefs and customs.
 All have sacred or holy objects e.g. roseries for the Muslims and Catholics, the cross for
all the Christian believer churches.
Qn. What are the values promoted by the religious traditions we have learnt about.
 They promote the values of love for one another.
 They promote the values of being honesty to one another in life.
 They promote the values of faithfulness among their believers.
 They promote the values of forgiveness among the believers.
 They also promote the values of family life since the provide guidance and counselling to
families.
 They promote the values of marriage among the couples.
 They promote the values of peace among people.
 They promote the values of kindness and hardworking.
 They promote the values of respect for one another.
 They promote the values of prayer to the believers.
 They also promote the values of sharing and giving freely.
 They promote the values of having self-respect and honesty.
 They promote the values of obedience among the believers.
 They promote the values of trust and patience.
 They promote the values of sympathy and empathy.

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Sample 1
A traditional healer has relocated to your community which is Christian dominated. Christians in
your community wake up one day and set her shrine on fire, burning all her objects of worship.
She has approached the Local council chairperson (LC1) for help.
The chairperson calls a meeting to seek your assistance in dressing the situation.
Task
Qn. As a Christian Religious Education student, write a sensitization guide addressing the
community on the values and common beliefs across Christianity, Islam and Africa traditional
religion, and the practices of worship in African traditional society.
Sample 2
Ali, John and Nambi reside in the same hostel. Ali prays five times a day and he cherishes the
Friday prayers. Ali listens to Arabic audios. John prays loudly and fasts every Tuesday of the
week. He is a church choir member and plays Christian songs.
Nambi is a peaceful woman who loves her cultural religion. She puts on wrist bangles which she
claims they are for protection. The community is concerned about the confusion in this hostel.
Task
Qn. You have been selected as a religious leader to counsel and guide these youths. Write a
speech on how you would advise them to live harmoniously with their religion differences in
beliefs and practice.
End of chapter 3
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CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS

Why do we worship God?

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The purposes of worship

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Forms of worship in the bible

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Worship in Exodus 20;1-17

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Other moments of worship in the Bible.

1 king 3;1-4  King Solomon offered hundreds of burnt offering sacrifices to

Genesis 4;3-4  Cain and Abel brought offerings to God.

1 Samuel 7;3-6  Samuel told the people of Israel to dedicate themselves to

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Worship through prayer

Reasons why people pray

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Ways of praying as an expression of respect to God

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Jesus’s prayer life

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Jesus’ prayer life and the Christian church today.

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Jesus’ teaching on Prayer

Understanding other Biblical teachings on prayer.

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Worship through singing

Importance of worshiping God through singing

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Worship through singing in the bible

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Worship through charity

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Importance of charity as a form of worship

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Lessons Christians draw from charity as a form of worship

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Offertory in the bible

Worship through fasting

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Biblical teaching on fasting

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Importance of reading the bible and meditation as a form of worship

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Daniel 9;3-6  Reading the holy book

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Forms of worship among the Apostles

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Qn. Discuss the importance of playing instruments during worship.

Different titles of preachers in the modern times