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HMT - M2 Module Bank Sec A

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23 views3 pages

HMT - M2 Module Bank Sec A

Uploaded by

swathireddy21219
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Heat and Mass Transfer (22BT303)

Modular question bank (M2) for ACY 2024-25, I Semester


III B. Tech, Biotechnology, Section-A

1. Oxygen (A) is diffusing through carbon monoxide (B) under steady state conditions,
with equimolar counter current diffusion. The total pressure is 1x105 N/m2, and the
temperature 0oC. The partial pressure of oxygen at two planes 2.0 mm apart is,
respectively, 13000 and 6500 N/m2. The diffusivity for the mixture is 1.87 x 10-5 m2/s.
a) Write equations related to steady state diffusion in gases.
b) Calculate the rate of diffusion of oxygen in Kmol/s through each square meter
of the two planes.
c) Assume carbon monoxide is not diffusing, calculate the rate of diffusion of
oxygen in Kmol/m2.s.

2. The acetic acid (A) is diffusing across a film of non-diffusing water (B) solution 1 mm
thick at 17oC, when the concentrations on opposite sides of film are 9 wt% and 3 wt%
respectively. The diffusivity of acetic acid in the solution is 0.95x10 -5 m2/sec. Density
of 9% solution is 1012 kg/m3 and density of 3% solution is 1003 kg/m3.
a) Derive steady state flux equation for rate of diffusion of A through non
diffusing B in liquids.
b) Determine rate of diffusion of acetic acid in the above problem.
c) Assume if water counter diffuses, determine rate of diffusion of acetic acid.

3. A thin film 0.4 cm thick of an ethanol-water solution is in contact at 20oC at one


surface with an organic liquid in which water is insoluble. The concentration of
ethanol at the interface is 6.8 wt% and at the other side of film 10.8 wt%. The
densities are 988.1 kg/m3 and 972.8 kg/m3 respectively for 6.8 wt% and 10.8 wt%
ethanol solutions. Diffusivity of ethanol is 7.4 m2/s.
a) Write suitable flux equations for diffusion in liquids.
b) Calculate the steady state flux of ethanol in kmol/m2 s.
c) Determine flux of ethanol for equimolar counter diffusion.

4. Ammonia is diffusing through a stagnant mixture consisting of one third Nitrogen and
two-thirds Hydrogen by volume. The total pressure is 1 atm and the temperature is
200oC. The thickness of gas film 0.5 mm, when ammonia concentration changes
across the film is 12 % and 7 % by volume. The diffusivities at 200 oc and 1 atm
pressure are DAB = 5.391x10-5 m2/s and DBC = 1.737x10-4 m2/s.
a) Write suitable flux equations for diffusion in gases.
b) Calculate the rate of diffusion of ammonia through a stagnant gas film.
c) Highlight significance of effective diffusivity and what factors influence
diffusivity of gases.
5. Methane diffuses at steady state through a tube containing helium. At point 1, the
partial pressure of methane is 15.55 kPa and at point 2, which is 30 mm apart, the
partial pressure of methane is 10 kPa. The total pressure is 101.32 kPa and the
temperature is 293 K. At this pressure and temperature, the diffusivity is 6.75x10 -5
m2/s.
a) Derive flux equations for diffusion of A through B in gases.
b) Determine the flux of methane at steady state for equimolar counter diffusion.
c) Calculate the flux of methane through stagnant helium at steady state.

6. A continuous fractionating column is to be designed to separate 30,000 kg/hr of a


solution of benzene and toluene, containing 0.4 mass fraction of benzene into an
overhead product containing 0.97 mass fraction of benzene and a bottom product
containing 0.98 mass fraction of toluene. A reflux ratio of 3.5 kg of reflux per kg of
product is to be used. The feed will be liquid at its boiling point and the reflux will be
returned to the column
a) Write total and benzene mass balance.
b) Determine the top and bottom product
c) Determine the number of theoretical stages needed using McCabe
Thiele method
Equilibrium Data:
x 0.773 0.659 0.555 0.459 0.37 0.288 0.211 0.141 0.075 0.013
y 0.897 0.831 0.757 0.678 0.591 0.496 0.393 0.281 0.161 0.031
Where x and y are mole fraction of benzene in liquid and vapour respectively.
7. A continuous fractionating column is to be designed for separating 10,000 kg per hour
of a liquid mixture containing 40 mole percent methanol and 60 mole percent water
into an overhead product containing 97 mole percent methanol and a bottom product
having 98 mole percent water. A mole reflux ratio of 3 is used.
a) Write graphical procedure for MC-cable Thiele method.
b) Calculate moles of overhead product obtained per hour
c) Determine number of ideal plates and location of the feed plate if the feed
is at its bubble point.
Equilibrium data:
x 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
y 0.417 0.579 0.669 0.719 0.78 0.825 0.871 0.915 0.959

8. A liquid mixture containing 40 mole % methanol and 60 mole % water is fed to a


differential distillation at atmospheric pressure, with 60 mole % of the liquid is
distilled.
Equilibrium data:
x 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
y 0.27 0.42 0.57 0.66 0.73 0.78

a) Highlight significance of Rayleigh’s equation.


b) Based on mass balance, determine quantity of residual liquid mixture and mole
fraction of methanol in feed.
c) Find the composition of the composited distillate and the residue.

9. Gas containing 2% by volume solute A is fed to an absorption tower at a


rate of 0.35 m3/s at 299 K (26oC) and 106.658 kPa pressure, and 95% of the original
solute is removed by absorbing it in a solvent B. Solvent containing 0.005 mole fraction
of solute enters the tower at the top and the exit liquid streams from the absorption
tower contains 0.12 mole A per mole B.
a) Write solute and total mass balance.
b) Determine mole ration of solute in exit gas and liquid phases
c) Find out the flow rate of the solvent entering the absorption tower on solute-
free basis.

10. Benzene is to be recovered from cool gas by scrubbing it with wash oil as
an absorbent. The coal gas contains 2 % by volume of benzene and is to be fed at a rate
of 855 m3/h and 95% removal of benzene is required. The operating temperature and
pressure are 299.7 K (26.7o C) and 106.658 kPa. The wash oil has an average molecular
weight of 260 and contains 0.005 mole fraction benzene as it enters the absorber. The
equilibrium relationship at the given conditions is given by
𝑌 𝑋
= 0.125
1+𝑌 1+𝑋
Where Y- moles benzne/moles dry coal gas; X-moles benzene/moles benzene free
wash oil
a) Write solute mass balance in terms of mole ratios and mole fractions
b) Determine final concentration of benzene in gas and oil.
c) Calculate the minimum circulation rate of the wash oil.

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