Multivariable and Vector Calculus: Homework 8

Alvin Lin
August 2016 - December 2016

Section 15.3
Exercise 9
Evaluate the given integral by changing to polar coordinates.
ZZ
sin(x2 + y 2 ) dA
R

where R is the region in the first quadrant between the circles with center the origin and radii 1 and 3.
π
ZZ Z
2
Z 3
2 2
sin(x + y ) dA = sin(r2 )r dr dθ
R 0 1
π 3
cos(r2 )
Z 
2
= − dθ
0 2 1
Z π
1 2
= (− cos(9) + cos(1)) dθ
0 2
  π2
1
= cos(1)θ − cos(9)θ
2 0
π(cos(1) − cos(9))
=
4
π
= (cos(1) − cos(9))
4

Exercise 15
Use a double integral to find the area of one loop of the rose r = cos(3θ).
π
ZZ Z
4
Z cos(3θ)
dA = r dr dθ
D − π4 0
π cos(3θ)
r2
Z 
4
= dθ
− π4 2 0
Z π
1 4
= cos2 (3θ) dθ
2 − π4

1
 Z π
1 4(1 + cos(6θ))
= dθ
2 − π4 2
 π
1 sin(6θ) 4
= θ−
4 6 − π4
 
1 π 1 6π π 1 6π
= − sin( ) + + sin(− )
4 4 6 4 4 6 4
π
=
8

Exercise 17
Use a double integral to find the area of the region inside the circle (x − 1)2 + y 2 = 1 and outside the circle
x2 + y 2 = 1.

(x − 1)2 + y 2 = 1
x2 − 2x + 1 + y 2 = 1
x2 + y 2 − 2x = 0
r2 − 2r cos θ = 0
r = 2 cos θ
x + y2 = 1
2

r=1
r = 1 = 2 cos θ
π π
θ=− θ=
3 3
ZZ Z π Z 2 cos θ
3
dA = r dr dθ
D − π3 1
π 2 cos θ
r2
Z 
3
=2 dθ
0 2 1
Z π
3
= 4 cos2 θ − 1 dθ
0
Z π
3 cos 2θ + 1
= 4 − 1 dθ
0 2
Z π
3
= 2 cos 2θ − 1 dθ
0
  π3
= − sin(2θ) − θ
0
2π π
= sin( − + sin(0))
√ 3 3
3 π
= −
2 3

2
Exercise 21
Use polar coordinates to find the volume below the plane 2x + y + z = 4 and above the disk x2 + y 2 ≤ 1.

x(x, y) = 4 − 2x − y
ZZ Z 2π Z 1
4 − 2x − y dA = 4 − 2(r cos θ) − (r sin θ)r dr dθ
D 0 0
Z 2π  1
2r2 sin θ r2 cos θ
= 2r − + dθ
0 3 3 0
Z 2π
2 1
= 2 − sin θ + cos θ dθ
0 3 3
 2π
2 1
= 2θ + cos θ − sin θ
3 3 0
2 1 2 1
= 4π + cos 2π − sin 2π − 0 − cos 0 + sin 0
3 2 3 3
= 4π

Exercise 29
Evaluate the iterated integral by converting it to polar coordinates.
√ π
Z 2 Z 4−x2 Z
2
Z 2
−x2 −y 2 2
e dy dx = e(−1)r r dr dθ
0 0 0 0
π 2 2
e−r
Z 
2
= − dθ
0 2 0
π
1 e−4
Z
2
= − dθ
0 2 2
 π
1 θ 2
= θ− 4
2 e 0
π π
= − 4
4 4e

3
Exercise 31
Evaluate the iterated integral by converting it to polar coordinates.
Z 1 Z √1−y2 Z πZ 1
2 6
2
√
xy dx dy = (r cos θ)(r sin θ)2 r dr dθ
0 3y 0 0
π
Z
6
Z 1
= r4 cos θ sin2 θ dr dθ
0 0
π 1
r cos θ sin2 θ
Z  5
6
= dθ
0 5 0
Z π
1 6
= cos θ sin2 θ dθ
5 0
π
1 sin3 θ 6

=
5 3 0
 
1 3 π 3
= sin ( ) − sin (0)
15 6
3
1 1
= ( − 0)
15 23
1
=
120

Section 15.4
Exercise 7
Find the mass and center of mass of the lamina that occupies the region D and has the given density
function ρ.
D is bounded by y = 1 − x2 and y = 0; ρ(x, y) = ky

0 = 1 − x2
x = ±1
ZZ
mass = ρ(x, y) dA
D
Z 1 Z 1−x2
= ky dy dx
−1 0
1 1−x2
ky 2
Z 
=2 dx
0 2 0
Z 1
=k 1 − 2x2 + x4 dx
0
1
2x3 x5

=k x− +
3 5 0
2 1
= k(1 − + )
3 5
8k
=
15

4
 ZZ
1
xCoM = xρ(x, y) dA
mass D
2
15 1 1−x
Z Z
= xky dy dx
8k −1 0
2
15 1 1−x
Z Z
=k xy dy dx
8k −1 0
1−x2
15 1 xy 2
Z 
= dx
8 −1 2 0
15 1
Z
= x(1 − 2x2 + x4 ) dx
16 −1
15 1
Z
= x − 2x3 + x5 dx
16 −1
1
15 x2 2x4 x6

= − +
16 2 4 6 −1
=0
ZZ
1
yCoM = yρ(x, y) dA
mass D
2
15 1 1−x
Z Z
= ky 2 dy dx
8k −1 0
Z  1−x2
15 1 y 3
= dy
8 −1 3 0
5 1
Z
= (1 − x2 )3 dx
8 −1
5 1
Z
= 1 − x6 − 3x2 + 3x4 dx
8 −1
1
x7 3x5

5 3
= x− −x +
8 7 5 −1
5 1 3 1 3
= (1 − − 1 + + 1 − − 1 + )
8 7 5 7 5
5 2 6
= (− + )
8 7 5
5 32
=
8 35
4
=
7
Center of mass: h0, 47 i

Exercise 15
Find the center of mass of a lamina in the shape of an isosceles right triangle with equal sides of length
a is the density at any point is proportional to the square of the distance from the vertex opposite the
hypotenuse.
Treat the origin as the right angle with the legs a extending along the x and y axes.
ρ(x, y) = x2 + y 2

5
 ZZ
mass = ρ(x, y) dA
D
Z a Z a−y
= x2 + y 2 dx dy
0 0
Z a 3 a−y
x 2
= + xy dy
0 3 0
Z a
(a − y)3
= + y 2 (a − y) dy
3
Z0 a
1 3 1
= (a − 3a2 y + 3ay 2 − y 3 ) + (3ay 2 − 3y 3 ) dy
0 3 3
Z a
1
= a3 − 3a2 y + 6ay 2 − 4y 3 dy
3 0
a
3a2 y 2

1 3 3 4
= a y− + 2ay − y
3 2 0
4
1 3a
= (a4 − + 2a4 − a4 )
3 2
a4
=
6 ZZ
1
xCoM = yCoM = yρ(x, y) dA
mass D
6 a a−y
Z Z
= 4 y(x2 + y 2 ) dx dy
a 0 0
a−y
6 a x3 y
Z 
3
= 4 + xy dy
a 0 3 0
6 ay 3
Z
= 4 (a − 3a2 y + 3ay 2 − y 3 ) + y 3 (a − y) dy
a 0 3
6 a a3 y y4
Z
= 4 − a2 y 2 + ay 3 − + ay 3 − y 4 dy
a 0 3 3
6 a a3 y 4y 4
Z
= 4 − a2 y 2 + 2ay 3 − dy
a 0 3 3
a
6 a3 y 2 a2 y 3 2ay 4 4y 5

= 4 − + −
a 6 3 4 15 0
 5 5 5 5
6 a a a 4a
= 4 − + − ]
a 6 3 2 15
8a
= a − 2a + 3a −
5
2a
=
5
Center of mass: h 2a
5
, 2a
5
i

6
Section 15.6
Exercise 11
Evaluate the triple integral.
ZZZ Z 4 Z 4 Z z
z z
dV = dx dz dy
E x + z2
2
1 y 0 x2 + z2
Z 4 Z 4 
1 x
= z tan−1 ( )]z0 dz dy
1 y z z
Z 4 Z 4
π
= dz dy
1 y 4
Z 4  4
πz
= dy
1 4 y
Z 4
πy
= π− dy
1 4
4
πy 2

= πy −
8 1
π
= 4π − 2π − (π − )
8
9π
=
8

Exercise 13
RRR
Evaluate the triple integral E
6xy dV where
√ E lies below the plane z = 1 + x + y and above the region
in the xy-plane bounded by the curves y = x, y = 0, x = 1.
√
ZZZ Z 1 Z x Z 1+x+y
6xy dV = 6xy dz dy dx
E 0 0 0
√ 1+x+y
Z 1 Z x 
= 6xyz dy dx
0 0 0
√
Z 1 Z x
= 6xy(1 + x + y) dy dx
0 0
Z 1  √ x
= 3xy 2 + 3x2 y 2 + 2xy 3 dx
0 0
Z 1
5
= 3x2 + 3x3 + 2x 2 dx
0
1
3x4 4 4

3
= x + + x7
4 7 0
3 4
=1+ +
4 7
28 21 16
= + +
28 28 28
65
=
28

7
Exercise 21
Use a triple integral to find the volume of the solid enclosed by the cylinder y = x2 and the planes z = 0
and y + z = 1.

{(x, y, z) ∈ E | −1 ≤ x ≤ 1, x2 ≤ y ≤ 1, 0 ≤ z ≤ 1 − y}
ZZZ Z 1 Z 1 Z 1−y
dV = dz dy dx
E −1 x2 0
Z 1 Z 1  1−y
= z dy dx
−1 x2 0
Z 1 Z 1
= 1 − y dy dx
−1 x2
Z 1 1
y2

= y− dx
−1 2 x2
Z 1
1 x4
= 1 − − x2 + dx
−1 2 2
 5 1
x x3 x
= − +
10 3 2 −1
1 1 1 1 1 1
= − + + − +
10 3 2 10 3 2
1 2
= − +1
5 3
8
=
15

Exercise 33
The figure shows the region of integration for the integral
Z 1 Z 1 Z 1−y
√
f (x, y, z) dz dy dx
0 x 0

Rewrite this integral as an equivalent iterated integral in the five other orders.
Z 1 Z 1 Z 1−y Z 1 Z 1−y Z y2
√
f (x, y, z) dz dy dx = dx dy dz
0 x 0 0 0 0
Z 1 Z 1−z Z y2
= dx dz dy
0 0 0
Z 1 Z (1−z)2 Z 1−z
= √
dy dx dz
0 0 x
√
Z 1 Z 1− x Z 1−z
= √
dy dz dx
0 0 x
Z 1 Z y2 Z 1−y
= dz dx dy
0 0 0

If you have any questions, comments, or concerns, please contact me at [email protected]