Chapter_4

1. The design process is described as:

a. Hierarchical
b. Transformational
c. State-based
d. Predictable

2. Which stage of the design process involves deriving the high-level

design or architecture of the interactive system?
a. Requirements Analysis
b. Preliminary Design
c. Detailed Design
d. Build and Implementation

3. Usability engineers and user-interface architects are sometimes referred

to as:
a. UX designers
b. CDOs
c. UXPA members
d. Design officers

4. The phase of the design process where all the planning gets turned into
actual running code is called:
a. Requirements Analysis
b. Preliminary Design
c. Build and Implementation
d. Evaluation

5. User-centered design (UCD) focuses on:

a. Technical feasibility
b. Design aesthetics
c. End users' needs and limitations
d. Rapid development
6. Which term describes the blend of technical feasibility and esthetic
sense in interactive system design?
a. Creative predictability
b. Mystic esthetics
c. Technical creativity
d. User interface design

7. What is the role of Chief Design Officers (CDOs) in organizations?

a. Promote usability and design thinking
b. Conduct requirements analysis
c. Lead the build and implementation phase
d. Evaluate user experience

8. What is the significance of ROI (Return on Investment) in usability?

a. It emphasizes the importance of aesthetics in design.
b. It highlights the financial benefits of usability investments.
c. It measures the transformational impact of design.
d. It determines the hierarchy of design processes.

9. Which term is used to describe the team of usability engineers and user-
interface architects?
a. UX designers
b. Design gurus
c. Interface specialists
d. User experience professionals

10. What is the annual event organized by the UXPA (Usability

Experience Professionals Association)?
a. World Usability Day
b. International Design Summit
c. UX Conference
d. Design Excellence Awards

11. According to Rosson and Carroll, what is the nature of the design
process?
a. Hierarchical and predictable
b. State-based and transformational
c. Nonhierarchical and unpredictable
d. Linear and goal-oriented
12. How many distinct phases are typically involved in an iterative
design process?
a. Two
b. Three
c. Four
d. Five

13. What is the first phase in the design process?

a. Preliminary Design
b. Build and Implementation
c. Evaluation
d. Requirements Analysis

14. Which stage of the design process involves the derivation of high-
level design or architecture?
a. Preliminary Design
b. Detailed Design
c. Build and Implementation
d. Evaluation

15. What are the two stages within the design phase?
a. Analysis and evaluation
b. Research and development
c. Preliminary and detailed design
d. Usability testing and iteration

16. What is the purpose of the Requirements Analysis phase?

a. Develop the high-level design
b. Test and validate the system implementation
c. Determine system behavior requirements
d. Plan out specific interactions

17. Which type of design involves the direct involvement of people in

the collaborative design process?
a. User-centered design (UCD)
b. Agile interaction design
c. Participatory design (PD)
d. Transformational design
18. What is the focus of Agile interaction design?
a. Technical feasibility
b. Rapid development
c. Design aesthetics
d. End users' needs and limitations

19. What is the primary goal of user-centered design (UCD)?

a. Achieve technical feasibility
b. Maximize design aesthetics
c. Meet business requirements
d. Address end users' needs and limitations

20. Which phase of the design process involves the testing and
validation of the system implementation?
a. Preliminary Design
b. Build and Implementation
c. Evaluation
d. Requirements Analysis

21. In the context of design, what does UCD stand for?

a. User-centered design
b. Universal creative design
c. User-controlled development
d. Unified conceptual design

22. What is the main focus of preliminary design?

a. Detailed system requirements
b. High-level design or architecture
c. User interface aesthetics
d. Usability testing and evaluation

23. Which phase of the design process involves the discovery of new
goals?
a. Preliminary Design
b. Detailed Design
c. Build and Implementation
d. Requirements Analysis
24. What is the term used to describe the process of planning out
specific interactions in the design phase?
a. Requirements Analysis
b. Preliminary Design
c. Detailed Design
d. Build and Implementation

25. What is the characteristic of the design process according to

Rosson and Carroll?
a. Hierarchical
b. Transformational
c. State-based
d. Predictable

26. Which phase of the design process involves deriving the high-level
design or architecture of the interactive system?
a. Requirements Analysis
b. Preliminary Design
c. Detailed Design
d. Build and Implementation

27. What is the focus of user-centered design (UCD)?

a. Technical feasibility
b. Design aesthetics
c. End users' needs and limitations
d. Rapid development

28. What is the primary goal of user-centered design (UCD)?

a. Achieve technical feasibility
b. Maximize design aesthetics
c. Meet business requirements
d. Address end users' needs and limitations
 Chapter_6

1. Direct manipulation in user interfaces refers to:

a) Continuous representation of objects
b) Complex syntax for interaction
c) Indirect manipulation of objects
d) Static representation of objects

2. Which of the following is an example of direct manipulation?

a) Using a command line interface
b) Driving an automobile
c) Writing code in a programming language
d) Interacting with a virtual reality system

3. Direct manipulation emphasizes:

a) Rapid and reversible operations
b) Feedback from user actions
c) Recognition instead of recall
d) All of the above

4. Natural User Interface (NUI) includes which of the following trends?

a) Multi-touch
b) Voice interaction
c) Gesture interaction
d) All of the above
5. WYSIWYG word processing allows:
a) Direct manipulation of documents
b) Text recognition instead of typing
c) Voice-based editing commands
d) Automatic spell checking and grammar correction

6. Which technology emerged from word processors?

a) Desktop publication software
b) Slide-presentation software
c) Improved macro facilities
d) All of the above

7. VisiCalc was a popular:

a) Word processing software
b) Graphics editing software
c) Spreadsheet software
d) Database management software

8. Spatial data management refers to:

a) Navigating through physical space
b) Managing geographic information
c) Analyzing crime-related data
d) All of the above

9. Which of the following systems is an example of direct manipulation in

video games?
a) Nintendo Wii
b) Microsoft Word
c) Adobe Photoshop
d) Google Chrome
10. Computer-aided design (CAD) is commonly used for designing:
a) Automobiles
b) Electronic circuitry
c) Aircraft
d) All of the above

11. The Xerox Star and Apple Lisa System were pioneers in:
a) Video game development
b) Office automation
c) Computer graphics
d) Virtual reality technology

12. Direct manipulation interfaces are known for their:

a) Complex syntax and commands
b) Slow response time
c) Lack of user feedback
d) Immediate visual feedback

13. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of direct manipulation

systems?
a) Continuous representation of objects
b) Physical actions instead of complex syntax
c) Delayed feedback from user actions
d) Rapid incremental reversible operations

14. NUI technologies can leverage innovative capabilities such as:

a) Multi-user interaction
b) Cloud computing
c) Parallel computing
d) All of the above
15. Which of the following is an advantage of direct manipulation interfaces?
a) They make use of recognition instead of recall
b) They are inexpensive to implement
c) They require users to remember complex commands
d) They provide delayed feedback from user actions

16. Direct manipulation systems allow users to:

a) Generate alternatives easily
b) Manipulate objects of interest
c) Solve problems by analogy to the real world
d) All of the above

17. Which of the following is an example of direct manipulation in office

automation?
a) Sophisticated formatting in Xerox Star
b) Rapid and continuous graphical interaction
c) Creating presentations in Microsoft PowerPoint
d) All of the above

18. Direct manipulation interfaces are characterized by:

a) Static representation of objects
b) Limited user feedback
c) Rapid and reversible operations
d) Indirect manipulation of objects

19. The dominant spreadsheet software in the 1980s was:

a) Lotus 1-2-3
b) Microsoft Excel
c) VisiCalc
d) OpenOffice Calc
21. Which of the following is an example of a direct-manipulation user
interface?
a) Command-line interface
b) Virtual reality headset
c) Text-based email client
d) Speech recognition software

22. Direct manipulation interfaces are designed to:

a) Minimize user interaction
b) Provide a high level of automation
c) Enhance user control and responsiveness
d) Focus on command-line operations

23. What is the main advantage of direct manipulation in user interfaces?

a) Reduced cognitive load on users
b) Increased system performance
c) Compatibility with older hardware
d) Lower development costs

24. Direct manipulation interfaces rely heavily on:

a) Keyboard shortcuts
b) Voice commands
c) Mouse or touch input
d) Text-based input

25. Which of the following is an example of direct manipulation in a virtual

environment?
a) Moving and rotating 3D objects using a mouse
b) Typing commands in a terminal window
c) Writing code in a programming language
d) Analyzing data in a spreadsheet
26. Direct manipulation interfaces are particularly effective for tasks that
involve:
a) Complex calculations
b) Creative design and editing
c) Text-based data entry
d) Server administration tasks

27. The concept of direct manipulation was popularized by:

a) Alan Turing
b) Tim Berners-Lee
c) Ben Shneiderman
d) Steve Jobs

28. Which of the following is a characteristic of a direct manipulation user

interface?
a) Minimal visual feedback
b) Sequential command execution
c) Immediate response to user actions
d) Reliance on textual input

29. Direct manipulation interfaces are often used in:

a) Industrial automation systems
b) Scientific research applications
c) Gaming consoles
d) All of the above
30. One of the challenges in designing direct manipulation interfaces is:
a) Ensuring compatibility with older hardware
b) Balancing simplicity and functionality
c) Minimizing system resource usage
d) Avoiding reliance on graphical elements

31. Which of the following is an example of direct manipulation in a graphics

software?
a) Drawing shapes using a stylus
b) Writing code in a text editor
c) Running simulations in a command-line interface
d) Analyzing data in a spreadsheet

32. Direct manipulation interfaces are known for their:

a) Steep learning curve
b) Lack of user control
c) Intuitive and interactive nature
d) Heavy reliance on textual input

33. Which of the following is a benefit of direct manipulation interfaces?

a) Reduced cognitive load
b) Limited user feedback
c) Increased system performance
d) Compatibility with older hardware

34. The primary goal of direct manipulation is to:

a) Automate all user tasks
b) Minimize user interaction
c) Provide a tangible representation of objects
d) Eliminate the need for user training
35. Which of the following is an example of direct manipulation in a mobile
application?
a) Tapping on icons to launch apps
b) Sending text messages using voice commands
c) Accessing files through a command-line interface
d) Reading emails in a text-based interface

36. Direct manipulation interfaces are most suitable for tasks that require:
a) High precision and accuracy
b) Minimal user input
c) Batch processing of data
d) Real-time interaction and feedback

37. Which of the following is a limitation of direct manipulation interfaces?

a) Limited control over system operations
b) High development costs
c) Incompatibility with touchscreens
d) Over-reliance on graphical elements

38. Direct manipulation interfaces are often used in:

a) Virtual reality games
b) Data analysis software
c) Command-line interpreters
d) Network security tools

39. The principle of direct manipulation emphasizes:

a) Automating all user tasks
b) Providing a natural language interface
c) Direct physical interaction with objects
d) Sequential execution of commands
40. Which of the following is an example of direct manipulation in a web
browser?
a) Scrolling through a webpage using a mouse wheel
b) Typing URLs in a command prompt
c) Running JavaScript code in a text editor
d) Analyzing network traffic in a terminal window