Week 2
Week 2
Week 2
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Vector Graphics
• Vector drawings, also known as object-oriented
drawings, are images defined by curves and lines or
mathematical formulas.
• Are comprised of paths connected by anchor points.
• Can be 2D or 3D.
• Edited in draw programs.
Uses of Vector Graphics
• Graphics that will be scaled (or resized)
• Architectural drawings, CAD programs, flow charts.
• Logos that will be scaled (resized) with out loss of quality.
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• The most important feature of vector-based
images is the resolution or clarity of the drawing.
• Vector images are resolution independent and
always render at the highest resolution an output
devise can produce.
• That means the higher the resolution of the
monitor or printer the sharper the object-oriented
image will appear.
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• Vector images are best used when working with
small type and bold smooth graphics requiring
curves and lines.
• They are considered the most flexible and use
relatively little memory for storage.
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• Vector drawings are easy to select, color, move,
re-size (without degradation of image), re-order,
over-lap with other images, access individual
objects, and re-format (i.e. change color or fill).
• Vector graphics are also much smaller files than
a raster/bitmap files.
• Vector files can be re-sized without degrading
the file in anyway.
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Disadvantages of Vectors
• Lower color quality than raster images.
• They do not support as many colors.
• Not good for photographic images.
Original Image
Resized
Image Shapes that
make up the
image.
Attitude Makes Us Perfect
Common Vector File Formats
• AI – Adobe Illustrator
• Native file format for Adobe Illustrator.
• Industry standard used by developers of vector
graphics.
• Used to create, save, and archive original
artwork.
• EPS – Encapsulated Postscript
• Developed by Adobe but supported by most programs.
• Graphics developers generally save a copy of the AI file in
EPS format because it can be opened by computers running
different operating systems.
• Most common interchange format for the print industry due to
its portability.
• Meta Graphic – can contain both raster and vector data.
• Shapes in vector graphics can be filled with textures and
patterns that are raster graphics.
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• SVG – Scalable Vector Graphics
• Standard format created by W3C.
• Versatile, all-purpose vector format.
• Works well with web page design.
• WMF – Windows Metafile
• Microsoft created format for raster and vector.
• Common format for windows clipart.
Features of Vector-based software applications
What is a vector-drawing Drawing or Illustration Programs
program?
What does a vector-Creates vector images based on mathematically defined
drawing program do? curves lines.
Disadvantages? Not well suited for editing or creating realistic images.
Advantages? No Jaggy or stair-step appearance, just smooth looking
graphics
Fonts are better recognized
Can be saved as a bitmap file format
Higher quality output
Can manipulate objects freely and still access them
individually.
Usage parameters
Flat renderings of garments, some motifs or logos
Vendors
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Corel Corp (CorelDraw), Adobe Corp. (Illustrator), and
Macromedia (Freehand) Micro graphix (Designer)
Raster-Based Programs
• These programs work with pixels or bitmapped images
• Bitmap is a collection of picture elements or dots, also known
as pixels.
• A pixel is the smallest display element that makes up the
images you see on a computer monitor or television.
• Pixels contains information that is directly mapped to the
display grid of x (horizontal) and y (vertical) coordinates.
• Raster images create realistic or real world images such as
photographs.
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• Bitmapped images are resolution-dependent
• Changing the resolution de-grade the image.
• Scaling up can be a real disaster, scaling the image smaller
sometimes yields better results
• In bitmap -based images, the more pixels an image contains, the
higher its resolution.
• difficult to freely access objects individually.
• best used with continuous tone images like photographs and can
be modified with great detail because you can manipulate each
pixel.
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Features of Raster-based software applications
What is a raster-based program? Image Editing Program (Also known as paint programs)
How to save raster files Native Formats such as .psd for Adobe Photoshop, or
universal formats such as TIFF, BMP, PCX, BMP,
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Raster VS Vector Images
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Resolution
• Resolution refers to the number of pixels in an image, and
is a measurement of the output quality of an image, usually
in terms of samples, pixels, dots, or lines per inch.
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• Sometimes images are referred to as high resolution (hi-res)
or low resolution (lo-res). High resolution would be an
image intended for print, generally having at least 300 pixels
per inch. Low resolution refers to images only intended for
screen display, generally having 72-96 pixels per inch. An
image for use on the internet should only be 72 dpi (the
minimum display resolution) to minimize download time.
• Scanner and digital camera manufacturers often refer to
two different types of resolution when listing product
specs: optical resolution and interpolated (or digital)
resolution. The optical resolution is the true measurement
of resolution that the output device can capture.
Interpolated, or digital, resolution is acquired artificially.
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Raster vs Vector
Raster vs Vector Images
Raster vs Vector Images
Raster vs Vector Images
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Vector Graphics typically are generated using
drawing or illustration programs (e.g., Adobe
Illustrator).
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