Ares2-Strema Lec 1

ARES2-M SIMPLE STRESS
MECHANICS OF DEFORMABLE BODIES NORMAL STRESS (AXIAL STRESS) - The resisting

Engr. Darren Lat area is perpendicular to the applied force, thus
normal. There are two types of normal stresses:
Topic Outline: tensile stress and compressive stress. Tensile stress
a. Introduction applied to bar tends the bar to elongate while
b. Analysis of Internal Forces compressive stress tends to shorten the bar.
c. Simple Stress
d. Shearing Stress me and about
e. Bearing Stress
Strength of Materials
Deals primarily with the relations between externally
applied loads and their internal effects on bodies.
- The bodies are no longer assumed to be rigid
- The deformations, however small, are of major
interest
Analysis of Internal Forces
Where:
σ= average normal stress at any point on the
cross-sectional area
Axial Force - measures the pulling (or pushing) P= internal resultant normal force, which acts
action perpendicular to the section. A pull represents through the centroid of the cross-sectional area. P is
a tensile force that tends to elongate the member, determined using the method of sections and the
whereas a push is a compressive force that tends to equations of equilibrium
shorten it. It is often denoted by P. A= cross-sectional area of the bar where σ is
Shear Forces - these are the components of the total determined
resistance to sliding the portion to one side of the
exploratory section past the other. The resultant PROBLEM 1
shear force is usually denoted by V. A rod is composed of an aluminum section rigidly
Torque - this component measures the resistance to attached between steel and bronze sections, as
twisting the member and is commonly given the shown in the figure. Axial loads are applied at the
symbol 𝑇. positions indicated. If 𝑃=3000 𝑙𝑏 and the cross-
Bending Moments - these components measure the sectional area of the rod is 0.5in2. Determine the
resistance to bending the member about the y or z stress in each section.
axes and are often denoted by 𝑀𝑦 or 𝑀𝑧 .
PROBLEM 2
A hollow steel tube with an inside diameter of 100
mm must carry a tensile load of 400 kN. Determine
the outside diameter of the tube if the stress is
limited to 120 MN/m2.
PROBLEM 3
A homogeneous bar 800 kg bar AB is supported at
either end by a cable as shown un the figure.
SHEARING STRESS - Forces parallel to the area
Calculate the smallest area of each cable if the
resisting the force cause shearing stress. Shearing
stress is not to exceed 90 MPa in bronze a 120 MPa in
stress is also known as tangential stress.
steel.
PROBLEM 4
An aluminum rod is rigidly attached between a steel
rod and a bronze rod as shown in figure below. Axial
loads are applied at the positions indicated. Find the
maximum value of P that will not exceed a stress in
steel of 140 MPa, in aluminum of 90 MPa, or in bronze
of 100 MPa.
Where:
τ= average shear stress at the section, which is
assumed to be the same at each point located on the
section
V= internal resultant shear force on the section
PROBLEM 5 determined from the equations of equilibrium
Find the stress in members BC, BD and CF for the A= area at the section
truss shown in the figure. Indicate the tension or
compression. The cross-sectional area of each
member is 1600 mm^2.
PROBLEM 6 PROBLEM 9
Find the smallest diameter bolt that can be used in What force is required to punch a 20-mm-diameter
the clevis in the figure if P=400 kN. The shearing hole in a plate that is 25 mm thick? The shear
strength for the bolt is 300 MPa. strength is 350 MN/m2.
PROBLEM 7
Compute the shearing stress in the pin at B for the
member supported as shown in the figure. The pin PROBLEM 10
diameter is 20 mm. As in Figure, a hole is to be punched out of a plate
having a shearing strength of 40ksi. The compressive
stress in the punch is limited to 50 ksi.
(a) Compute the maximum thickness of plate in
which a hole 2.5 inches in diameter can be punched.
(b) If the plate is 0.25 inch thick, determine the
diameter of the smallest hole that can be punched.
PROBLEM 8
The members of the structure in Fig. P-120 weigh 200
lb/ft. Determine the smallest diameter pin that can
be used at A if the shearing stress is limited to 5000
psi. Assume single shear.
BEARING STRESS - Bearing stress is the contact

pressure between the separate bodies. It differs from
compressive stress, as it is an internal stress caused
by compressive forces.
SHEARING STRESS (PUNCHING SHEAR)
Where:
τ= average shear stress at the section, which is
assumed to be the same at each point located on the
section
V= internal resultant shear force on the section
determined from the equations of equilibrium
A= π x Diameter x Thickness
PROBLEM 13
In the clevis shown in the figure, find the minimum
bolt diameter and the minimum thickness of each
yoke that will support a load P=14 kips without
exceeding a shearing stress of 12 ksi and a bearing
stress of 20 ksi.
Where:
𝜎𝑏 = bearing stress
𝑃𝑏 = bearing load
𝐴𝑏 = bearing area
Note:
𝑃𝑏 ⊥ 𝐴𝑏
Bearing area should be multiplied by the number of
rivet/bolts
PROBLEM 11
In the figure, assume that a 20 mm diameter rivet
joins the plates that are each 110 mm wide. The
allowable stresses are 120 MPa for bearing in the
plate and 60 MPa for the shearing of the rivet.
Determine.
(a) the minimum thickness of each plate; and
(b) the largest average tensile stress in the plates.
PROBLEM 12
The lap joint shown in the figure is fastened by
4−3/4 in diameter rivets. Calculate the maximum
safe load that can be applied if the shearing stress in
the rivets is limited to 14 ksi and the bearing stress in
the plates is limited to 18 ksi. Assume the applied
load is uniformly distributed among the four rivets.

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ARES2-M SIMPLE STRESS

MECHANICS OF DEFORMABLE BODIES NORMAL STRESS (AXIAL STRESS) - The resisting

Analysis of Internal Forces

BEARING STRESS - Bearing stress is the contact

SHEARING STRESS (PUNCHING SHEAR)

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