Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 1 – Investigate positive powers of 10 Answers

Question Answer

a) 100 thousand 10 million 108 1 billion 10,000,000,000

3 b) 107 100 million 1 billion 1010 1,000,000,000,000

a) 1,000 × 10 = 10,000 = 104

1,000 × 100 = 100,000 = 105
1,000 × 1,000 = 1,000,000 = 106
1,000 × 10,000 = 10,000,000 = 107
4
b) 100 × 10,000 = 1,000,000 = 106
1,000 × 10,000 = 10,000,000 = 107
100,000 × 10,000 = 1,000,000,000 = 109

a) 1,000,000 ÷ 10 = 100,000 = 105

1,000,000 ÷ 100 = 10,000 = 104
1,000,000 ÷ 1,000 = 1,000 = 103
1,000,000 ÷ 10,000 = 100 = 102
5
b) 100,000,000 ÷ 100 = 1,000,000 = 106
1,000,000,000 ÷ 1,000 = 1,000,000 = 106
100,000,000 ÷ 100,000 = 1,000 = 103
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 1 – Investigate positive powers of 10 Answers (continued)

Question Answer
a) 6,000,000
b) 8,000,000
6
c) 100,000,000

a) To multiply by 10, we move the digits 1 place to the left, which is not the same as adding
a zero.
b) 26 260
c) 2.6 × 10,000 = 26,000
3.74 × 10 = 37.4
3.74 × 1,000 = 3,740
3.6 × 10,000 = 36,000
7 3.74 × 100 = 374

3.74 × 10,000 = 37,400

1.8 × 104 = 18,000
1.8 × 106 = 1,800,000
1.8 × 105 = 180,000
1.85 × 106 = 1,850,000
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 2 – Work with numbers greater than 1 in standard form Answers

Question Answer
a) 30,000 = 3 × 10,000 = 3 × 104
b) 600,000 = 6 × 100,000 = 6 × 105
c) 700 = 7 × 100 = 7 × 102
d) 8,000,000 = 8 × 1,000,000 = 8 × 106
1
e) three hundred thousand = 3 × 100,000 = 3 × 105
f) four billion = 4 × 1,000,000,000 = 4 × 109
g) twenty million = 2 × 10,000,000 = 2 × 107

! ! !

2
! !

a) <
b) >
c) =
3
d) =
e) >

a) 900,000
b) 80,000,000
c) 400,000,000
4 d) 6,000
e) 700
f) 1,000,000

a) 60,000 = 6 × 10,000 = 6 × 104

b) 70,000 = 7 × 10,000 = 7 × 104
c) 65,000 = 6.5 × 10,000 = 6.5 × 104
d) 63,000 = 6.3 × 10,000 = 6.3 × 104
5 e) 780,000 = 7.8 × 100,000 = 7.8 × 105
f) 9,900 = 9.9 × 1,000 = 9.9 × 103
g) 680,000 = 6.8 × 100,000 = 6.8 × 105
h) 834,000,000 = 8.34 × 100,000,000 = 8.34 × 108

a) 5 × 104
b) 5.3 × 104
c) 5.32 × 104
6 d) 5 × 105
e) 5.2 × 105
f) 5.02 × 105
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 2 – Work with numbers greater than 1 in standard form Answers

Question Answer
a) 400,000
b) 410,000
c) 401,000
d) 400,100
7 e) 6,100
f) 61,000
g) 610,000
h) 160,000

a) 5.8 × 107 km
b) 4,500,000,000 km
8
c) 3.9 × 1013

a) No.
9 × 105 = 900,000 2 × 106 = 2,000,000
2,000,000 > 900,000
9 The power of 10 is higher in 2 × 106, so 2 × 106 is greater.
b) 4.2 × 105 4 × 107 401 million 410,000,000 4 billion
8.8 × 107 800 million 8 billion 8 × 1010 800,000,000,000

a) 3 × 105
b) 2 × 107
c) 2.3 × 107
10 d) 7 × 105
e) 8 × 104
f) 9.17 × 105
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 3 – Investigate negative powers of 10 Answers

Question Answer
1 1
10−2 = =
10! 100
1 1
1 10−3 = 10 𝟑 = 1000
1 1
10−4 = 10 𝟒 = 10000

1 1
a) 10000 1000 10−2 1 tenth 1 hundred
4 1
b) 10−5 10−4 1 thousandth 103
100

No.
Tommy needs to compare the powers of 10. −4 is less than 3, so 10−4 is less than 103
a) <
b) >
5 c) >
d) <
e) >
f) <
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 3 – Investigate negative powers of 10 Answers (continued)

Question Answer
a) 10−3 × 10
1
= × 10
1000
10
= 1000
1
= 100 = 0.01 = 10−2
6 b) 10−3 ÷ 10
1
= 1000 ÷ 10
1
= 10000 = 0.0001 = 10−4
Multiplying by 10 increases the index by 1
Devising by 10 decreases the index by 1

a) 10−3
b) 10−2
c) 10−1
7 d) 10−5
e) 10−6
f) 10−9

a) No.
102 + 10−2 = 100 + 0.01 = 100.01
8 b) No.
Any number to the power 0 is 1
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 4 – Work with numbers between 0 and 1 in standard form Answers

Question Answer
a) 0.007 = 7 × 0.001 = 7 × 10−3
b) 0.06 = 6 × 0.01 = 6 × 10−2
c) 0.0008 = 8 × 0.0001 = 8 × 10−4
d) 0.0000004 = 4 × 0.0000001 = 4 × 10−7
1 7
e) 10000 = 7 × 0.0001 = 7 × 10−4
f) three thousandths = 3 × 0.001 = 3 × 10−3
g) 2 millionths = 2 × 0.000001 = 2 × 10−6

! !

2
! ! !

a) =
b) <
c) <
3
d) =
e) =

a) 0.006
b) 0.0007
c) 0.00008
4 d) 0.05
e) 0.000008
f) 0.1

a) 0.008 = 8 × 0.001 = 8 × 10−3

b) 0.009 = 9 × 0.001 = 9 × 10−3
c) 0.0085 = 8.5 × 0.001 = 8.5 × 10−3
d) 0.0083 = 8.3 × 0.001 = 8.3 × 10−3
5 e) 0.027 = 2.7 × 0.01 = 2.7 × 10−2
f) 0.000062 = 6.2 × 0.00001 = 6.2 × 10−5
g) 0.67 = 6.7 × 0.1 = 6.7 × 10−1
h) 0.00000056 = 5.6 × 0.0000001 = 5.6 × 10−7

a) 4 × 10−4
b) 4.3 × 10−4
c) 4.37 × 10−4
6 d) 2 × 10−3
e) 2.1 × 10−3
f) 2.01 × 10−3
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 4 – Work with numbers between 0 and 1 in standard form Answers
(continued)

Question Answer
a) 0.003
b) 0.0031
c) 0.00381
7 d) 0.000827
e) 0.0000827
f) 0.00008207

a) 5 × 10−5 m
b) 0.000008
8
c) 8.7 × 10−16

a) Yes.
6 × 10−4 = 0.0006 8 × 10−3 = 0.008
0.0006 < 0.008
9 b) 7 × 10−7 0.007 0.017 7 hundredths 7.5 × 10−2
6
6 × 10−7 0.000000667 6 millionths 6.6 × 10−6 100000

a) 7 × 10−5
7 × 10−3
7 × 10−6
b) 6 × 10−4
6 × 10−5
10
6 × 10−1
c) 5.38 × 10−3
5.38 × 10−2
5.38 × 10−6
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 5 – Compare and order numbers in standard form Answers

Question Answer
Yes.
5 × 104 = 50,000 6.7 × 103 = 6,700
50,000 > 6,700
The power of 10 in 5 × 104 is greater than the power of 10 in 6.7 × 103
1 a) <
b) >
c) =
d) >

Yes.
3 × 10−2 = 0.03 4 × 10−3 = 0.004
0.03 > 0.004
The power of 10 in 3 × 10−2 is greater than the power of 10 in 4 × 10−3
2 a) >
b) >
c) =
d) <

a) !
b) !
c) !
3 d) !
e) !
f) !

4.06 4.169 4.56 4.6

4
a) !
b) ! !
5 c) ! ! !
d) ! !

a) 3.47 × 106 3.5 × 106 3.4 × 107 3 × 108

b) 2.14 × 10−2 2.4 × 10−2 2.05 × 10−1 2.41 × 10−1
6
c) 8.5 × 10−2 8.5 × 10−1 8.051 × 101 8.5 × 102

a) Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth, Uranus, Neptune, Saturn, Jupiter

7 b) electron, proton, neutron
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 6 – Mentally calculate with numbers in standard form Answers

Question Answer
a) Q1: He has multiplied the powers instead of adding them.
correct answer: 311
Q2: He has divided the powers instead of subtracting them.
correct answer: 76
Q3: He has multiplied the bases, but the base number should stay the same.
1
correct answer: 211
Q4: He has assumed that 6 = 60, not 61
correct answer: 67
b) 513 83 107 102

a) 7 × 105
b) 7 × 106
c) 7 × 102
2 d) 3.5 × 10−5
e) 3.5 × 10−7
f) 3.5 × 10−3

a) 9 × 106
b) 8 × 10−3
c) 6.8 × 108
3 d) 8.4 × 105
e) 9.6 × 10−7
f) 8 × 103

a) Yes.
30 × 104 = 3 × 10 × 104 = 3 × 105
4
b) 20 × 106 = 2 × 10 × 106 = 2 × 107

a) 5 × 105
b) 2 × 109
5 c) 2 × 10−3
d) 4 × 10−1

a) 4.6 × 104
b) 3.5 × 103 × 107
= 3.5 × 1010
c) 2.1 × 102 × 10−4
= 2.1 × 10−2
d) 7 × 104
6
e) 8.2 × 10−2 × 109
= 8.2 × 107
f) 6 × 10−3 × 10−4
= 6 × 10−7
The digits in the number part of the standard form number stay the same.
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 6 – Mentally calculate with numbers in standard form Answers (continued)

Question Answer
a) 4 × 106
b) 4.2 × 106
c) 1.5 × 10−6
7 d) 1 × 106
e) 2 × 10−5
f) 8 × 107
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 7 – Add and subtract numbers in standard form Answers

Question Answer
a) 101,010
b) 320,700
1 c) 315
d) 314

Rosie
2 × 107 + 3 × 107 = 20,000,000 + 30,000,000 = 50,000,000 = 5 × 107
a) 7 × 106
b) 9 × 10−2
2 c) 9 × 104
d) 9.3 × 105
e) 5 × 107
f) 4 × 10−4

12 × 105 = 1.2 × 10 × 105 = 1.2 × 106

a) 1.7 × 107
b) 1.7 × 105
3
c) 1.7 × 10−1
d) 1.7 × 10−4

a) Jack has used the wrong place values for 45,000 and has added 450,000 instead.
4 b) 3.85 × 105

a) 2.93 × 105
b) 3.65 × 106
c) 2.87 × 10−2
d) 7.59 × 10−3
5 e) 2.17 × 105
f) 5.73 × 104
g) 5.73 × 10−2
h) 7.02 × 10−4

a)

6 b)
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 8 – Multiply and divide numbers in standard form Answers

Question Answer
a)

b)

1 c)

d)

Students need to justify why they prefer one method over the other.
2
a) 8 × 1011
b) 6 × 1012
3 c) 9 × 103
d) 8.2 × 103

a) 1.5 × 1010
b) 4.8 × 1012
4 c) 1.24 × 1012
d) 3.2 × 104

Students need to justify why they prefer one method over the other.
5
a) 3 × 102
b) 2 × 10−6
6 c) 4.5 × 107
d) 3 × 10−10

a) 5 × 106
b) 2.5 × 107
8 c) 5 × 10−7
d) 7.5 × 10−9

a) >
b) <
9
c) <

4 × 1027
10
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 9 – Use a calculator to work with numbers in standard form Answers

Question Answer
a)
3 .
8 ×10𝑥 1 0 3 .
8 ×10𝑥 (−) 1 0
b) 45,030,000 or 4.503 × 107
c) 1 × 1029
1
Depending on the calculator, the answer to part b) may be shown as either an ordinary
number or in standard form, but the answer to part c) can only be shown in standard
form.

a) 4.665 × 108
b) 7.021 × 10−3
c) 5.644 × 1010
2 d) 4.4 × 1011
e) 4.4 × 103
f) 4.4 × 1021

a) 9.74 × 108
b) 8.54 × 108
c) 9 × 104
3 d) 4 × 10−12
e) 2.312 × 1013
f) 5 × 10−5

a) 6.42 × 1013
b) 5.58 × 1013
c) 2.352 × 1049
d) 3.36 × 1050
4 e) 7.5 × 10−25
f) 1.4112 × 1063
g) 3.5952 × 1050
h) 2.16 × 1041

a) 4.271 × 107 m
b) 1.56 × 108 m (to 3 s.f.)
5 c) 1.5 × 104 seconds
15,000 seconds

a) 5 × 109
b) 2.5 × 109
c) 3 × 1015
d) 2 × 10−3
e) 4 × 10−4
6
f) 1.5 × 10−20
Parts c) and d) would be straightforward to work out without a calculator, because the
number part is a square number and the index is even. The other parts could be changed
into a form with a square number and an even index.
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 9 – Use a calculator to work with numbers in standard form Answers
(continued)

Question Answer
a) 3 × 10−2 g
b) 4.3 × 1018 g
7
c) 1.43 × 1020 (to 3 s.f.)
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 10 – Understand and use negative indices Answers

Question Answer
1 1
a) 10−2 = 10! = 100
1 1
10−3 = 10𝟑 = 1000
1 1
10−4 = 10𝟒 = 10000
b) 30 = 1
1 1
1 3−1 = 3$ = 3
1 1 1 1
3−2 = 3! = 3 × 3 = 9
1 1 1 1 1
3−3 = 3𝟑 = 3 × 3 × 3 = 27
c)

a) Mo
1
5 × 10−2 = 0.05 5−2 = 25 = 0.04
b) 5 ×10𝑥 (−) 2
3
5 𝑥𝑦 (−) 2

1
a) 16
1
b)
8
4 1
c) 7
d) 1

1
5 20
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 10 – Understand and use negative indices Answers (continued)

Question Answer
a) <
b) >
c) >
6
d) =
e) <

8
a) 9
1
b) 1 8
7 1
c) 20
d) 4

a) 4−3 4−2 4−1 40 41

b) 10−2 7−2 50 22 23
8
c) 2 × 3−1 3 × 2−1 3 − 2−1 3 + 2−1 3 ÷ 2−1

a) 5 × 107
b) 2 × 109
9
c) 4 × 108
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 11 – Understand and use fractional indices Answers

Question Answer
a) 39
b) 48
c) 78
1 d) 86
e) 616
f) 91

a)

b)

c)

a) 10
b) 9
3 c) 2
d) 7

a) 16
b) 1
c) 4
4 d) 0.2
e) 72
2
f)
3

! !

$
%
a) 4 % = 4
b)
!
6
c)
!
Y8 – Spring – Block 5 – Step 11 – Understand and use fractional indices Answers (continued)

Question Answer
a) 4
b) 2
7 c) 5
d) 1

! !

! !
8

a) 8
b) 10
c) 36
d) 1
1
9 e) 3
f) 7
g) 0.5
h) 33