Experiment No: 01

Experiment Name: Analysis of Fourier Series & Transients of RL Series Circuit by Using
MATLAB.

Theory:

Consider a series RL circuit. At t=0 if switch is closed then we got transient response.

After switching the differential equation will be

di
Vmsin(ωt+α) = Ri + L
dt

The solution of this equation is

Vm
i= [sin(ωt+α-θ)-e− Rt / L sin(α-θ)]
¿ Z∨¿ ¿

where |Z| = √ R2 +(ωL)2 and θ = tan−1(ωL /R ¿

The Fourier series of square wave is

α
4 sin ( 2 k−1 ) t
x(t)=
π ∑ 2 k −1
k =1

The Fourier series of triangular wave is

α
4 sin ( 2 k +1 ) t
x(t)=
π
2 ∑ (2 k +1)2
k =1
 Problem-01: Find the transient response of series RL circuit ,where, L=25; R=7; Vm=140 ;f=4;
θ=π/3;

MATLAB CODE:

clc; % clear command window

clear all; % clear Workspace
L=25; R=7; Vm=140 ;f=4; a=pi/3; % a = theta
syms i(t)
% Shortcut for creating symbolic variables and functions

eqn=L*diff(i,t)+i*R==Vm*sin(2*pi*f*t+a);
% Differentiate symbolic expression or function

cond=i(0)==0; % Initial Condition

isol(t)=dsolve(eqn,cond)
% Ordinary differential equation and system solver

ezplot(isol(t)); % Easy-to-use function plotter

grid on % Display axes grid lines

2
(140 (7 sin( /3 + 8 t ) - 200 cos( /3 + 8 t )))/(40000 + 49) + (exp(-(7 t)/25) (14000 - 490 3 1/2))/(40000 2
+ 49)
1
data1

0.8 0.9

0.8

0.6
0.7

0.6
0.4

0.5

0.2 0.4

0.3

0
0.2

0.1
-0.2

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
t

Output:
Problem-02: Plot Fourier series of square wave.
MATLAB CODE:

clc; % clear command window

clear all; % clear Workspace
syms n t
% Shortcut for creating symbolic variables and functions

x=(4/pi)*sin((2*n-1)*t)/(2*n-1)
% Fourier series Of Square wave

S=subs(x,n,1:1100); % Symbolic substitution

S_sum=sum(S); % Sum of array elements
ezplot(S_sum); % Easy-to-use function plotter
grid on % Display axes grid lines

OUTPUT:
x=

(5734161139222659*sin(t*(2*n - 1)))/(4503599627370496*(2*n - 1))

 (1911387046407553 sin(3 t))/4503599627370496 +...+ (5734161139222659 sin(t))/4503599627370496
1
data1

0.9
1

0.8

0.5 0.7

0.6

0 0.5

0.4

-0.5 0.3

0.2

-1 0.1

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
t

Problem-03: Plot Fourier series of triangular wave.

MATLAB CODE:

clc; % clear command window

clear all; % clear Workspace
syms n t
% Shortcut for creating symbolic variables and functions

x=(8/pi^2)*(1/(2*n+1)^2)*cos((2*n+1)*t)
% Fourier series Of Triangular wave

S=subs(x,n,0:1200); % Symbolic substitution

S_sum=sum(S); % Sum of array elements
ezplot(S_sum); % Easy-to-use function plotter
grid on % Display axes grid lines

OUTPUT:
x = (228155022448185*cos(t*(2*n + 1)))/(281474976710656*(2*n + 1)^2)
 (228155022448185*cos(t*(2*n + 1)))/(281474976710656*(2*n + 1)^2)

(76051674149395 cos(3 t))/844424930131968 + (45631004489637 cos(5 t))/1407374883553280 +...+ (228155022448185 cos(t))/281474976710656

1
data1
1
0.9

0.8
0.8

0.6
0.7
0.4

0.6
0.2

0 0.5

-0.2
0.4

-0.4
0.3

-0.6
0.2
-0.8

0.1
-1

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
t

Conclusion:
The different equation can be solved in MATLB easily. And the best output we can get
from MATLAB.