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Chapter 3 D

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23 views3 pages

Chapter 3 D

Uploaded by

ninamarie.w
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Page 1

Decimal Numbers

Place Value
Tenths Hundredths Thousandths
Thousands Hundreds Tens Units 1  1   1 
     
 10   100   1000 

1 5 3 4 . 7 2 6

The number 153.726 can also be written using fractions (‘expanded form’):

1  1   1  7 2 6
1534.726 = 1534 + 7   + 2   + 6  = 1534 + + +
 10   100   1000  10 100 1000

Example 1 (a) Write in expanded form: 13.7359


8 2 4
(b) Write in decimal form: 5 + + +
10 1000 10000

(a) 13.4359 =
8 2 4
(b) = 5 + + + + =
10 100 1000 10000

Converting between decimal & fractions


7 27 591
Using expanded form: 0.7 = , 0.27 = and 0.591 =
10 100 1000

Or:
0.7 0.7 10 7 0.27 0.27 100 27 0.591 0.5911000 591
0.7 = = = , 0.27 = = = & 0.591 = = =
1 110 10 1 1100 100 1 11000 1000

Example 2 Write as a fraction in its simplest form (a) 0.4 (b) 0.25

(a) 0.4 = (b) 0.25 =


Page 2
3 7
Example 2 Write as a decimal (a) (b)
5 40
3
(a) =
5

(b) 100  40 = 2.5(decimal); 1000  40 = 25 

Rounding decimal Numbers

To the nearest whole number (integer)


When a number is given to ‘the nearest whole number’ it will be whichever one of
the following it is closest to: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, . . .
For example 18.6 written to the nearest integer is 19 since 18.6 is nearer to 19 than 18.

18.6

18.5 19.5
18 19

In fact, for any number, x, where 18.5  x < 19.5 then x is 19 to the nearest
whole number.

The quickest way to round to the nearest whole number is to look at the first
column to the right of the ‘units column’ (i.e. the tenths column), if the digit is
5 or more round up (i.e. increase the number of units by 1) otherwise round
down (i.e. leave the units unchanged.)
5
Tens Units Tenths

18.6 = 1 8 . 6

= 1 9 to the nearest whole number

Example 3 Round 536.4 to the nearest whole number.

Hundreds Tens Units . Tenths

536.4 =
= to the nearest whole number
Page 3
The same method can also be used when rounding to 1 or 2 or 3 etc decimal
places: look at the first column to the right of relevant column, if the digit is
5 or more round up otherwise round down.

Example 4 Round 34.85 to one decimal place.


1st d.p. 2nd d.p.

Tens Units . Tenths Hundredths

34.85 =

= to 1 d.p.

Example 5 Round 57.843 to two decimal places.


1st d.p. 2nd d.p. 3rd d.p.

Tens Units . Tenths Hundredths Thousandths

57.843 =

= to 2 d.p.

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