Review Article ISSN 2689-1050

Chemical & Pharmaceutical Research

COVID-19 Pandemic Spread and Containment: Perspectives

Bruno Riccardi1*, and Sergio Resta2

1
Biologist freelancer, 56022 Castelfranco di Sotto (Pisa), Via dei *
Correspondence:
lazzeri, 33, Italy. Bruno Riccardi, Biologist freelancer, 56022 Castelfranco di
Sotto (Pisa), Via dei lazzeri, 33, Italy.
2
Surgeon, General Surgery Specialist, Freelancer. 53043 Chiusi
(SI) – Via Monte Grappa 1 – Italy. Received: 12 November 2021; Accepted: 05 December 2021

Citation: Riccardi B, Resta S. COVID-19 Pandemic Spread and Containment: Perspectives. Chem Pharm Res. 2021; 3(1): 1-6.

ABSTRACT
In this manuscript we will examine the health policies unambiguously adopted by all the world governments for the
containment and the fight against the pandemic by SARS-Cov-2, and document why the exclusive use of vaccinations
for the prevention of contagion, is ineffective or even harmful, neglecting effective and safe alternative therapies.

Looking back over the past and recent epidemiological history of infectious diseases, we realize that although there
are still many contagious diseases, much more fearsome than SARS-Cov-2, never before in these two years have
such restrictive health policies been imposed.

While all other diseases, both infectious and degenerative, have been obscured or overshadowed, they continue to
be the main causes of global death.

The subject that dominates the scenes and the information is the COVID-19 that seems the unique object of the
attentions of scientists, and of the obituaries of the mass media.

In this desolating scenario that will see millions of forgotten people die for all the other diseases now neglected,
strikes the total accomplice indifference and intellectual apathy of scientists, with very few exceptions, who suffer
without discussing or raising the appropriate criticism, the repetitive information and the dominant unique thinking
of health and political authorities.

It’s incredible to see how many of those scientists and doctors who have helped to unravel and combat all the other
diseases are now silent in the face of this incredible tragedy.

Keywords Epidemics and Pandemics in World History

Pandemic COVOD-19, Health policy, History of pandemics. In order to understand the significance and extent of the recent
SARS-Cov-2 pandemic, we need to go back to the history of past
Introduction pandemics and see what the epidemiological impact on the world
Two years after the outbreak of the pandemic by COVID-19, population has been and what they have left us with.
for the first time in the history of infectious diseases, we are
experimenting with a new method of prevention and containment Difference between Epidemic and Pandemic
of the viral infection, based on home isolation, the social spacing, We speak of an epidemic when an infection spreads in a very
the use of facial masks and especially the administration of significant way over a small number of nations; when it affects a
experimental antigenic serum. large number of nations around the world, to the point of affecting
more than 2 continents, we call it a pandemic.
Let’s see what it is, starting from a historical review of pandemics
to get to the present day.
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Main infectious diseases that have occurred over the centuries The Hong Kong pandemic (1968)
The epidemiological history of recent decades teaches us that we Already mentioned, caused by the Asian mutation, the A/H3N2
must never lower our guard in the face of the possible emergence virus was, once again, flu-like. First detected in Hong Kong in
of new infectious diseases. The "declared war" between us and 1968, it spread around the world until 1969, killing between 1 and
the germs continues and probably will continue forever. Just think 4 million people. Only in Italy it killed 20 thousand people. The
of the more or less recent onset of new diseases, such as AIDS in symptoms were similar to the previous flu and affected the weakest
the eighties, or the reappearance of "old" diseases now become people in the same way.
antibiotic-resistant, such as tuberculosis; or, even more simply,
seasonal flu, that every year reaps victims worldwide with a multi- AIDS (1981-)
year cycle. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by
the HIV virus, the human immunodeficiency virus. For the first
The flu virus mutates significantly over time, becoming particularly time reported in the literature in 1981, it is caused by a retrovirus
virulent and lethal, such as what caused the so-called "Spanish" that affects the cells of the immune system, making the subject
in 1918-1919, Asian" in 1957, type A avian influenza of "Hong immunodepressed and therefore very vulnerable to infections,
Kong" in 1968, and so on [1-3]. tumors, viruses, bacteria, fungi. Transmission occurs by exchange
of infected body fluids, for example through unprotected sexual
The plague (1346-53) intercourse. There is no vaccine for AIDS. The number of people
Plague is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia infected, after a major drop in the late '90s, is now starting to rise
pestis, usually host to rodent fleas. It is common in the history of again. In 2018 there were 1.7 million new infected. The number
mankind in poorly cleaned areas, where rats and fleas are very of deaths is fortunately decreasing thanks to the use of retroviral
common. drugs (about 60% of patients have access, it is about 2.4 million
people), rising from 1.7 million deaths in 2004 to 770 thousand in
There are three different types of plague: bubonic plague, 2018.
pulmonary plague and septic plague. The plague is still present
today: from 2010 to 2015 there were 3248 cases worldwide, of Swine flu (2009)
which 584 died. Currently the countries most affected are the Called swine flu because it was originally transmitted from pigs to
Democratic Republic of Congo, Madagascar and Peru. humans, the first case occurred in Mexico in 2009. It was a new
type of A/H1N1 virus, which had been unknown until then and,
Cholera (19th century) on 11 June 2009, the WHO declared the pandemic alert phase. In
Cholera is an acute diarrheal infection caused by the Vibrio 2009 alone, this flu caused between 100,000 and 400,000 global
cholerae bacterium. It is transmitted through the fecal-gold route deaths.
and leads to serious dehydration phenomena. Cholera, originally
from the Ganges Delta in India, reached its peak in the 19th Hepatitis B, E C
century, when six pandemics occurred worldwide. Hepatitis B: is a serious liver disease that can chronic and lead to
cirrhosis and cancer over time; can be prevented with vaccination.
Cholera still exists today, especially in Asia, Europe, Africa, the It is transmitted through exposure to infected blood or body fluids
Americas where there are between 1.3 and 4 million cases every such as semen and vaginal fluids. In addition, hepatitis B can be
year, of which between 21 thousand and 143 thousand people die. transmitted from the infected mother to the newborn. The disease
In some countries the disease has become endemic. causes an acute liver infection;

The Spanish flu (1918-20) Hepatitis C: is an often asymptomatic liver infection or has vague
The Spanish was the worst pandemic in the history of humanity for and non-specific symptoms; in a high percentage of cases it
the number of infected and the number of dead. It’s an influenza chronicizes and can lead to cirrhosis or cancer. Healing occurs in
caused by the flu virus type A. The cause is the A/H1N1 virus, about 20% of cases, but in a high percentage of cases (about 80-
which between 1918 and 1920 infected about a third of the world’s 85%), the acute infection can become chronic and turn into a long-
population, resulting in between 50 and 100 million deaths, since it term pathology and/or lead to cirrhosis, a serious liver condition
had a lethality of over 25%. that can lead to liver failure and liver cancer.

The Asian Flu (1957) Hepatitis in the world

The Asian flu, caused by the A/H2N2 virus, was so named because Viral hepatitis are among the most important infectious diseases
it was first detected in China. Of avian origin, it caused at least in the world, in Europe and Italy, and are responsible for 78% of
1 million deaths, but it is estimated that it may have caused up cases of primitive liver cancer [1]. About one third of the world’s
to 4 million. The virus mainly affected people with chronic diseases population has been exposed to the virus and an estimated 350
and less healthy people. After 11 years from the pandemic the virus million people are chronically affected worldwide. Every year
disappeared, being supplanted by a mutation, the virus A/H3N2. more than 500,000 people die from hepatitis B-related diseases.

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The World Health Organisation estimates that between 2% and 3% The latest year for which WHO has published estimates of global
of the world’s population is currently infected with the HCV virus, deaths by cause is 2019. TB was the 13th leading cause of death
for a total of 120-170 million people [1]. Around 23 million people worldwide and the top cause from a single infectious agent. In
in Europe suffer from hepatitis B (HBV) or C (HCV) viruses [7,8]. 2020, it is anticipated that TB will rank as the second leading cause
of death from a single infectious agent, after COVID-19 [9].
Hepatitis B and C are a major public health problem, as well as
the frequency, the high percentage of clinically undetectable cases Emerging infectious diseases (EID
that are an important source of infection; the high percentage of Coronavirus, Ebola, MERS, Chikungunya Virus, Swine Flu,
chronic infection, which can lead to more severe liver damage, Avian Influenza, HIV, SARS, Lyme disease, E. coli, Hantavirus,
such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma; for the high Dengue fever, West Nile virus, Zikavirus.
number of deaths related to them; for the significant social impact
of the infection due to the undeniable psychological damage and The infectious diseases today
to the life of report, which many patients face and, last but not “The world is confronted by increasing infectious disease
least, because of the significant economic weight of the disease. outbreaks.
The direct and indirect costs associated with the treatment of the Between 2011 and 2018, WHO tracked 1483 epidemic events in
disease, linked to the loss of productivity and the premature death 172 countries.
of the infected subjects, increase exponentially in relation to the Epidemic-prone diseases such as influenza, Severe Acute
progressive worsening of the disease. Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
(MERS), Ebola, Zika, plague, Yellow Fever and others, are
Tuberculosis harbingers of a new era of high-impact, potentially fast-spreading
The global number of deaths officially classified as caused by outbreaks that are more frequently detected and increasingly
TB (1.3 million) in 2020 was almost double the number caused difficult to manage. Fig. 1 demonstrates the global emergence of
by HIV/AIDS (0.68 million), and TB mortality has been more selected pathogens over the past 50 years, including both those
severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 than HIV/ that naturally emerge/re-emerge and those that are deliberately
AIDS. released” [4], (Figure 1).

Figure 1: Global examples of emerging and re-emerging diseases

C. difficile: Clostridium difficile; CRE: carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; E. coli: Escherichia coli; MDR: multidrugresistant [tuberculosis];
MERS-CoV: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; MRSA: meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; N. gonorrhoeae; Neisseria
gonorrhoeae; SFTSV: severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus; XDR: extensively drug-resistant [tuberculosis].
Source: United States National Institutes of Health, National Institute for Allergies and Infectious Diseases.
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Epidemics and inequality So why have health authorities and many virologists attributed
Infectious diseases account for between a quarter and a third of this form of flu to catastrophic lethality, which it doesn’t
global mortality. The epidemics of these diseases disproportionately actually possess?
affect people living in low- and middle-income countries. And because the health authorities and governments have
intervened so rigorously in the containment of the contagion to the
Populations affected by economic and social crises also have point of imposing isolation and social distancing, to limit personal
an increased risk of excess mortality and morbidity caused by freedoms and specially to oblige a vaccination therapy whose
epidemics. effectiveness and safety are all to be demonstrated?

“The poor suffer the most. As we said earlier, and as reported by WHO figure 1, there are many
Any country without basic primary health care, public health other infectious diseases much more fearsome than SARS-COV-2
services, health infrastructure and effective infection control present worldwide [1-3], for which little or nothing is being done
mechanisms faces the greatest losses, including death, and which have not received the same attention, resonance and
displacement and economic devastation. Disease outbreaks disrupt the same media and alarmist clamor as that dedicated to SARS-
the entire health system reducing access to health services for all COV-2: No masks were used, the distance and social isolation
diseases and conditions, which leads to even greater mortality and with lockdown and no vaccination.
further economic depression. Negative impacts are particularly
The victims of SARS-COV-2 are rare and concern mostly elderly
profound in fragile and vulnerable settings, where poverty, poor
patients with pre-existing conditions or with immune deficits.
governance, weak health systems, lack of trust in health services,
specific cultural and religious aspects and sometimes ongoing
However, in the official epidemiological statistics of the patients
armed conflict greatly complicate outbreak preparedness and
who died for COVID-19 are artificially included all those who are
response” [5,6].
suffering from previous diseases, in which the viral infection is
only a cause of death.
The rise of SARS-Cov-2 has opened new scenarios
The onset of SARS-Cov-2 in February 2019, has completely The millions of deaths that are constantly denounced by
changed the paradigm of therapeutic and preventive patterns health authorities, as a result of the pandemic, hide artificial
adopted until then for infectious diseases. While the disease was manipulations of epidemiological data, punctually disavowed by
not given too much importance at the beginning, the exponential more accurate analyses. From which it turns out that the deaths
increase in diagnosis led governments to adopt drastic measures attributed to COVID-19, in reality have different origins in most
with isolation and social distancing. cases attributable to previous pathologies.

But the epochal change occurred in the wake of the production of The same Italian Ministry of Health, for example, on the number of
the first vaccines, hurriedly welcomed by the various international deaths for COVID-19, purified from patients who had SERIOUS
health regulatory systems, and without the necessary guarantees of previous diseases, reduces the total-DEATHS from 130,000 to
effectiveness and safety to exclude side effects, because tested on 3,783 or 2.91% [10].
a limited group of subjects and for insufficient time.
The truth is that if the COVID-19 is faced from the beginning
The new vaccines belong to a class of treatments based on genetic with common and inexpensive drugs, such as anti-inflammatory,
engineering, which uses portions of viral messenger RNA, (the anticoagulants and cortisone, which have shown efficacy in
numerous clinical trials, it is resolved in the vast majority of cases,
one that encodes the protein component called spike that is the key
with healing without reliquats [11-15].
to the entry of the virus into the host cell) which is used to induce
the antibody response in the host.
Despite being validated by numerous clinical studies the
effectiveness of these therapies, the various governments have
Given these innovative characteristics, the experimental serum used not adopted, preferring and imposing vaccination, for obvious
cannot be considered a true vaccine, according to the knowledge of interests and collusion with Big pharma.
classical infectivity, which involves the use of attenuated bacterial
or viral forms, pathogen-free but highly evocative of antibody The vaccines approved by the various states, with emergency
response. measures and on the basis of incomplete clinical trials and very short
follow-up times, which are now administered and made mandatory
Why is SARS-Cov-2 considered so dangerous? to the world population, are to be considered experimental.
SARS-COV-2 virus belongs to the group of CORONA VIRUSES,
viruses present and diffused with many species and quasispecies In fact, the documentation provided by the manufacturers on the
worldwide. It’s characterized by high mutability, contagiousness, effectiveness of antigenic power of vaccines, are very deficient and
and morbidity, and reduced lethality, slightly higher than a based on a small number of cases treated and lack of control of
common flu. long-term side effects.
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Today, more than two years after the start of the pandemic and the The other goal that you want to achieve is to obscure, with the
mandatory vaccination treatment, there have been incontrovertible terrorism of the pandemic, the many serious diseases still existing,
evidence of absolute ineffectiveness and total unreliability of and the real problems that afflict countries, hunger, poverty,
vaccines, which have produced an endless list of serious side inequalities and lack of work.
effects, until the death of the inoculated subject [16-18].
Conclusion
The sum of serious adverse events reported by the OFIA reaches From the examination of the documentation and the arguments
14,4 % of the total. Among these we detect death 0.61%; disability set out in this article, we wonder how it was possible to arrive
0.96%; life hazard 0.90%; congenital abnormalities 0.02% [19]. after centuries of struggles for freedom and democratic conquests,
to such abjection and the denial of the founding values of a civil
It should be pointed out that, especially in Italy, the communication society. Why the authorities want to overlook the other infectious
of adverse events does not take place according to the rules of diseases and the many degenerative diseases still present. How it was
epidemiological monitoring imposed by the code of ethics and possible to obscure the truth and the scientific evidence. The historical
respect for clinical knowledge. It is therefore extremely likely precedent that we believed buried and surpassed of the dark centuries
that adverse reactions to inoculums are much higher than those of the Medieval Inquisition, is proposed today with unusual violence
officially reported. and arrogance, masked by the need for common well-being.

In the light of the above and the high amount of documentation With the measures adopted by our governments, even the most
produced by numerous researchers, intellectually honest and elementary freedoms are definitively denied, and the much-
devoid of any connection with the powers of pharmaceutical celebrated democracy, in political propaganda and during official
lobbies, not only the ineffectiveness but also the uselessness and demonstrations, is in fact obscured by pursuing the same tyrannical
danger of vaccination for COVID-19, has been demostrated. policy like China, Russia, Korea. North, etc.

Need for repeated vaccination And what about the mass media which have always strongly
We must ask ourselves why they have not been used and not even criticized those dictatorial regimes in other country and today
taken into account by the health authorities, the pharmacological applaud the provisions of the vaccination imposition whit general
therapies we mentioned above, which have given very encouraging use of those same methods.
results in several clinical trials, and has chosen and imposed only
vaccination therapy? [17,18]. What is especially striking is the total indifference and apathetic
resignation of the innumerable group of scientists and researchers,
We have passed from the administration of a single dose of the men of culture, who are not horrified at the destruction of truth and
vaccine, then the need for the second dose and today we have also freedom enacted by the cynicism of governments and by economic,
passed to the third, a short distance from each other. So the need financial and pharmaceutical multinationals. world cup. Such total
for repeated vaccination has provided conclusive evidence of the indifference cannot belong to men of science and men of culture.
absolute uselessness of this method of immune prevention.
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© 2021 Riccardi B. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

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