GRAMMAR

I. Phân biệt thì thì hiện tại hoàn thành (Present Perfect) và quá khứ đơn (Past Simple)
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành Thì quá khứ đơn
- Diễn tả hành động gần đây đã diễn ra tại thời điểm
không xác định trong quá khứ. - Diễn tả hành động đã kết thúc tại thời điểm xác
Eg: I have bought a new computer định trong quá khứ.
(We don’t know when he bought it => không xác Eg: I bought the computer two years ago
định được thời điểm) (Two year ago => thời điểm đã được xác định)
- Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và tiếp - Diễn tả hành động đã kết thúc trong quá khứ.
tục kéo dài đến hiện tại.
Dấu hiệu: ever, never, just, already, yet, so far, Dấu hiệu: yesterday, last night/ week/ month/ year,
since, for, recently,… ago, then, when, in 2019,….
II. Bài tập về thì hiện tại hoàn thành và quá khứ đơn
Exercise 1: Choose the correct answer
1. I _______ a new dress yesterday.
A. buy
B. bought
C. have bought
2. They _____ their homework yet
A. have finished
B. haven’t finished
C. finished
3. I ________ TV last night.
A. didn’t watch
B. haven’t watched
C. hasn’t watched
4. She ____ married in 2018
A. have got
B. has got
C. got
5. He ______ to school last week. He was ill
A. hasn’t gone
B. went
C. didn’t go
6. We ____ the children’s toys yesterday.
A. found
B. find
C. have found
7. Helen has already ____ lunch.
A. have
B. has
C. had
8. I didn’t ______ breakfast yesterday.
A. have
B. had
C. has
9. Ben has just _____ a vase
A. break
B. broke
C. broken
Exercise 2: Put the verbs in bracket into the past simple or the present perfect
1. I haven’t played (not/play) tennis since I was at school but I was (be) very good at it
back then.
 Trước since  HTHT
 Sau since  QKĐ
2. A: Have you chosen (choose) a dress for the party yet?
B: Yes, I have bought (buy) one yesterday.
3. I think our teacher forgot (forget) about the test! He didn’t say (not/ say) anything about it in
the last season!
4. A: Have you sold (you/ sell) your house yet?
B: Yes, some people saw (see) it last month and bought (buy) it.
5. They lost (lose) their cat. It ran (run) away last week.
6. Has Helen ever tried (try) sushi?
7. Did you go (go) to the wedding last night?
8. I have never been (be) to Paris
9. This year I have traveled (travel) to Athens 3 times so far.
10. Paul and Judith have been (be) married since 1998.
11. Have you finished (finish) your homework yet?
12. Last night aunt Betty came (come) by. She told (tell) us that this summer they are going to
Hawaii.
13. I visited (visit) many different countries so far. Last summer I went (go) to Italy and 3 years
ago I was (be) in Spain. I haven’t visited (not/ visit) Germany yet.
14. When did you come (come) to Greece?
15. I came (come) in 2007.
16. Did you watch (watch) the film E.T. yesterday?
17. They have already left (leave) the train station
18. How long did you know (know) Jonathan?
19. I met (meet) him in 2009, so I have known (know) him for 3 years
For + khoảng thời gian
20. What happened (happen) to Lucy last night?
21. Did you read (read) “Harry Potter” when you were on holidays?
Exercise 3: Fill in the gaps with “yet, ago, ever, last night, for or since”
1. My father went to Italy five days ago
2. He has known her since 2001.
3. Have you ever seen an elephant?
4. She hasn’t finished her work yet
5. He has lived in Madrid for ten years.
6. We went to bed at 11 o’clock last night
Exercise 4: Circle the correct item
1. Has Jack gone to school then/ yet?
2. Tonia has sent twenty invitations yesterday/ so far.
Invitation (n): lời mời
3. Tina took a test already/ three days ago.
4. I sent you an email two days already/ ago but you haven’t replied.
5. Helen has already/ yet had her breakfast.
Exercise 5: Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present perfect
I (1) have been (be) a ski instructor for many years now. I (2) took up (take up) the sport when I
(3) was (be) at school. I still remember the first time I (4) tried (try) to ski. I (5) slipped (slip) on
the ice and (6) broke (break) my ankle. Thankfully, I (7) haven’t (not/ have) a serious accident
since then. Last year, I (8) tried (try) ice-skating for the very first time. I (9) slipped (slip) on the
ice rink a couple of times since then but I (10) didn’t break (not/ break) anything. Two years
ago, I (11) took (take) snowboarding lessons. I (12) didn’t like (not/ like) it because I (13)
found (find) it a little dangerous. I (14) haven’t play (not/ play) ice - hockey yet. There’s a game
tomorrow. I can’t wait to go!
Exercise 6: Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present perfect
1.A: Have you ever met (you/ ever/ meet) anyone famous?
B: Yes, last summer I sat (sit) next to Brad Pit on a plane to LA.
2.A: How long ago did you start (you/ start) painting?
B: Ten years ago. I have recently completed recently/ complete) a painting that the National
Gallery asked (ask) me to do a year ago.
3. A: Last night, I saw (see) the latest James Bond film.
B: Oh, I have already seen (already/ see) it twice.
4. A: Do you know that Mrs Janet have worked (work) here for sixteen years?
B: I thought she started (start) working here ten years ago.
5. I (invite) invited them to my birthday party yesterday, however, they (not come) didn’t come
6. My brother (begin) have begun looking for a job in January.
7. Timson (make) made13 films and I think her latest is the best.
8. She (be) have been extremely quiet since her husband died.
9. Jane (leave) left just a few minutes ago.
Exercise 7. Fill in the present perfect simple or the past simple.
1) She have lived (live) in seven different countries, so she knows a lot about different cultures.
2) I went (go) to the cinema last night.
3) Ow! I have cut (cut) my finger!
4) Have you seen (you/see) 'The King's Speech'?
5) John have never understood (never/understand) the present perfect.
6) She broke (break) her leg the day before her exam.
7) We saw (see) Oliver yesterday.
8) He was (be) here all morning.
9) King Henry the Eighth of England had (have) six wives.
10) Last night I lost (lose) my keys - I had to call my flatmate to let me in.
11) I lost (lose) my keys - can you help me look for them?
12) I visited (visit) Paris three times.
13) Last year I visited (visit) Paris.
14) I have known (know) my great grandmother for a few years - she died when I was eight.
15) I have known (know) Julie for three years - we still meet once a month.
16) I have played (play) Hockey since I was a child - I'm pretty good!
17) She has played (play) hockey at school but she didn't like it.
18) Sorry, I missed (miss) the bus - I'm going to be late.
19) I (miss) missed the bus and then I missed (miss) the aeroplane as well!
20) Last month I went (go) to Scotland.
Exercise 8: Correct the mistakes
1. She didn’t finish her homework yet
 hasn’t finished
2. She has knew Tome for a long time
 known
3. Where’s Bill? - He just left
 has just left
4. Eva given me a present last week
 gave
5. The postman hasn’t given me the letter already
 yet
6. Lisa already ate dinner
 has already eaten
Exercise 9: Put in the verbs in the correct form
1. We __________________ to the restaurant last night. (go)
2. I __________________ a lot of money last month. (earn)
3. Jenny __________________ yet. (not/ arrive)
4. The people __________________ the latest decisions of their authorities. (not/ like)
5. The kids __________________ their grandparents last Sunday. (visit)
6. __________________ you __________________ the birds in the garden yesterday? (feed)
7. We __________________ this man near our house this morning. (see)
8. We __________________ that problem many weeks ago. (discuss)
9. I __________________ a letter just a few ninutes ago. (receive)
10. They __________________ in London since 1980. (live)
11. Linda is working in this department. She __________________ (work) here for two years.
12. Up to present, John __________________ good work in the class. (do)
13. __________________ their book on my desk last night? (they/ put)
14. He __________________ English at this school for six weeks up to now. (study)
15. Nobody lives in those houses. They __________________ empty for many years. (be)
Exercise 10: Write the past simple and present perfect form of the verb in parenthese into
the blank space
Everyday we have new guest speakers and the talks (1) _______________ (be) fascinating so
far, at least until yesterday when John Glenn (2) _______________ (have) to cancel because of a
delayed flight. Our camp leaders then (3) _______________ (decide) to bring us to the
laboratory, and we (4) _______________ (make) eggshell geode crystals instead. Well, you
know that I (5) _______________ (do) a lot of different experiments in my life, but this one (6)
_______________ (be) truly cool, and unlike my chemistry experiments gone wrong, nothing (7)
_______________ (explode).
The world of science sure (8) _______________ (change) a lot in the last few years! (9)
_______________ (you/ hear) about the discovery of water on Mars?
Exercise 11: Fill in the gaps using either Present Perfect or the Simple Past
Last week I ______________ (meet) an old lady called Cindy. She ______________ (be) eighty-
two. She ______________ (be) a beggar. She ______________ (talk) to me and I
______________ (hear) the story of her entire life. I ______________ (feel) so sad when she
______________ (finish) it that I almost ______________ (cry). As I ______________ (feel)
sorry for her, I ______________ (give) Cindy some money.
This morning something wonderful and amazing ______________ (happen) to me. I
______________ (meet) Cinday again, but my goodness, she ______________ (be) different.
She told me the following.
Since you ______________ (give) me that money my life ______________ (change)
completely. With the money you ______________ (give) me I ______________ (buy) a lottery
ticket and I ______________ (win). I ______________ (buy) myself a house where I’m living
now. I ______________ (also buy) some new clothes, a TV set… you can’t imagine how happy
I am!
I ______________ (be) so astonished that I couldn’t even say a word. I ______________
(follow) her and surprise! She ______________ (buy) me a yellow Ferrrari.
Exercise 12: Choose either the past tense or the present perfect form in the following
sentences
1. Mr. Johnson left/ has left last week for a business trip.
2. Sam lost/ has lost his car keys and can’t get home.
3. The choir sang/ has sung that song a hundred times.
4. The garage had/ has had my car for a week now, and it still isn’t fixed.
5. I complained/ have complained about that problem a dozen times.
6. Last winter,my grandmother fell/ has fallen and broke her hip.
7. Since the train strike began, I drove/ have driven to work every day.
8. I drove/ have driven my wife’s car to work this morning.
9. I’m hungry. I didn’t eat/ haven’t eaten anything today.
10. Grandma visited/ has vistied us last weekend.
11. Look! Tomek broke/ has broken his arm.
12. Sorry, Sir. I forgot/ have forgotten my homework
13. Mrs Ziarko worked/ has worked at this school for 5 years.
14. Uncle Tim was/ has been in hospital since Friday.
15. Did you/ Have you ever read a book in English?
Exericse 13: Fill in the appropriate tense: present perfect or past simple
1. I (see) ______________ that programme about telepathy last night.
2. He (come) ________________ back from Uganda a week ago.
3. Last week, he (phone) _______________ me to inform me about the matter.
4. He (travel) ___________________ a lot recently.
5. Claire (have) ________________ an appointment at the hairdresser’s yesterday.
6. He’s the most difficult customer I (have to - ever) ______________ deal with.
7. Sales (rise) _______________ in 2001, but then (fall) _________________ again in 2002.
8. We (sign) ________________ a binding contract last year which is still valid.
9. I feel really tired. I (finish - just) ______________________ my homework.
10. Look at George ! He (have) __________________ a haircut.
11. The police __________________ two people early this morning. (to arrest)
12. She __________________ to Japan but now she__________________back. (to go - to come)
13. Dan__________________two tablets this year. (already/to buy)
14. How many games__________________so far this season? (your team/to win)
15. __________________ the CN Tower when you__________________in Toronto? (you/to
visit - to stay)
Exercise 14: Complete the second sentence using the word in brackets so that it has the
same meaning as the first one.
1. He last wrote to her in February. (NOT)
He _______________________________________________________________
2. I left Japan ten years ago. (SINCE)
It ________________________________________________________________
3. Tom has been drinking milk since he was thirteen. (WHEN)
Tom ______________________________________________________________
4. My father started washing his car in the morning. (SINCE)
My father __________________________________________________________
5. Tom has run this restaurant for three years. (SET)
Tom ______________________________________________________________
6. Tom has been collecting stamps since he was a kid. (WHEN)
Tom ______________________________________________________________
7. He began playing basketball one year ago
He has_____________________________________________________________
8. The children started riding bicycles when they were 5 years old.
They have _________________________________________________________
9. This is the first time I have eaten out at a 5-star restaurant.
I haven’t __________________________________________________________
10. I haven’t met my best friend since she went to study abroad.
I last _____________________________________________________________
11. It is two years since we last went on a picnic together.
We haven’t _________________________________________________________