FOUNDATION OF SPECIAL AND INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

What is inclusion in education? Ensuring all students, regardless of their abilities or disabilities, learn
together in the same environment and have equal access to educational opportunities.

Magna Carta for normal persons. A historic document guaranteeing certain rights and freedoms; often
considered the foundation for modern legal systems.

There are laws for PWDs which one is not belong. Ensure correct identification by listing specific laws,
such as the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), Rehabilitation Act, etc., then noting one that does not
pertain to PWDs.

How many percent discount privileges to PWDs? 20% discount on goods and services.

This dimension creates a secure, accepting, collaborating and stimulating community, in which everyone
is valued as the foundation for the highest achievements of all. Social dimension.

This dimension makes sure that inclusion permeates all school plans. Policies encourage the
participation of students and staff from the moment they join the school. Policy dimension.

The stakeholders can do in creating inclusive cultures through the following except one. Identify specific
actions stakeholders can take, then note the one that is not relevant (e.g., "Ignoring diverse student
needs").

This shares more similarities with inclusion than with special education. Mainstreaming

What is differentiated instruction? A teaching approach that tailors instruction to meet individual
students' needs, abilities, and learning styles.

What are the team of professional for a pre referral team? Typically includes a general education teacher,
special education teacher, school psychologist, counselor, and sometimes administrators and parents.
What are the team of professional for a pre referral team? General education teacher, special education
teacher, school psychologist, counselor, and sometimes administrators and parents.

What are two effective evidence-based inclusive practices that can be used in the classroom for inclusive
practices. 1. Universal Design for Learning (UDL) 2. Cooperative learning strategies

What are the elements of UDL? Multiple means of representation, Multiple means of action and
expression, Multiple means of engagement

In UDL teachers are supposed to present information and materials in many different ways, taking into
considerations that some students may have not fully absorbed the lesson the first time it was
presented. Presenting information and materials in various ways to accommodate different learning
styles and ensure all students can understand the lesson.

What is mean by UDL? (Universal Design for Learning): An educational framework that aims to improve
and optimize teaching and learning for all people based on scientific insights into how humans learn.

It refers to a systematic approach to planning curriculum and instruction for academically diverse
learners. Differentiated instruction.

What is the meaning of PWDs? Persons With Disabilities.

It is seen as a medical problem that resides in the individual with defect in or failure of a bodily system
and as such. Views disability as a medical problem residing in the individual due to a defect or failure of a
bodily system.

It paved the way for people to also shift mind-sets from a religious perspective to a more evidence-based
model of disability. The social model of disability.

The World Health Organization identify that or anatomical structure or function. is seen as any loss or
abnormality of psychological. Any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical
structure or function.
It is an educational practice that places students with disabilities in the general education classroom.
Inclusion

The child with difficulties in math computation, problem solving and analysis is called as. Dyscalculia

When the child has a difficulty in handwriting and written expression is called. Dysgraphia

To identify students with ADHD they should follow the following except one. Common methods include
behavioral assessments, academic evaluations, and medical examinations. The exception might be
relying solely on subjective teacher reports without proper assessments.

Gardner's Multiple Intelligences figure out that a child is body smart he/she is good in. Good in physical
activities, such as sports, dance, and hands-on tasks (Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence).

Gardner's Multiple Intelligences figure out that a child is nature smart he/she is good in. Good in
understanding nature, recognizing flora and fauna, and interacting with the natural environment
(Naturalist Intelligence).

It is defined as communications disorders such as stuttering, impaired articulation, and language or voice
impairment. Speech or language impairments.

The following are the signs that learners with difficulty in seeing they have physical signs except one.
Which one is not belong? Examples include squinting, frequent eye rubbing, and holding objects close to
the eyes. One that does not belong might be "excessive talking" as it is not a physical sign related to
vision.

How many decibels that a child considered as deaf? 70 decibels or more.

An impairment in hearing whether permanent or fluctuating the adversely affects a child's educational
performance. Hearing impairment.
The following are physical disability in moving except one. Examples include paralysis, cerebral palsy, and
muscular dystrophy. One that does not belong might be "dyslexia" as it is a learning disability, not a
physical one.

A classification cerebral palsy with only one limb is affected (upper or lower). Monoplegia

While a child with cerebral palsy on legs are affected, less severe involvement of the arms is called.
Hemiplegia

When two limbs on the same side of the body affected this kind of cerebral palsy called as.
Homonymous hemiplegia.

If the parents themselves notice the developmental delay of their child, they should consult

With? Pediatrician or child development specialist.

In ecological systems theory, who is in the center that called as the microsystems? Individual or child.

Still in the ecological systems theory who are involved in mesosystem? Interactions between different
microsystems, such as interactions between family and school.

Which type of assessment tool compares a child's performance based on established standards and
competencies and can be used to describe student performance. Criterion-referenced assessment.

Who developed the psychosocial development theory that conflicts or crises experiences through social
interaction? Erik Erikson.

What theory of Jean Piaget that concerned with the thought processes of a person and how they are

used to understand and interact with the environment. Cognitive development theory.

This theory believes that children learn actively through hands-on experience highlights the importance
of other people such as parents, caregivers and peers that formulated by Lev Vygotsky. Social
development theory by Lev Vygotsky.
The term ______refers to students with extraordinary abilities in various academic areas. Gifted
students.

In Gardner's Multiple Intelligences when a child is good in verbal - linguistic it refers to______.
Proficiency in language, including reading, writing, speaking, and listening.

When a child is good in logic smart, he/she is good in____. Good in reasoning, problem-solving, and
logical thinking.

Gardner's Multiple Intelligences figure out that a child is people smart he/she is good in verbal-linguistic
refers to __. Good in understanding and interacting with others, including effective verbal and nonverbal
communication skills.

The students with Learning Disability (LD) and or ADHD are characterized by having difficulties with
memory and attention functions. ADHD stands for______. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

What are different types of specific learning disabilities for each of difficulty.

-Dyslexia (difficulty with reading)

-Dysgraphia (difficulty with writing)

-Dyscalculia (difficulty with math)

-Auditory processing disorder (difficulty processing auditory information)

-Visual processing disorder (difficulty processing visual information)

What specific learning that the difficulties with reading, spelling and oral reading fluency? Dyslexia.