S.H.

JONDHALE POLYTECHNIC DOMBIVLI(W)

DIST-THANE
DEPARTMENTS OF ELECTRONIC & TELECOMMUNICATION.
ENGINEERING
2023-24

A PROJECT REPORT ON
“MATRIX LED DISPLAY ”

Arvind Golatkar - 1703

Suchit Pednekar - 1705
Atharva Deshpande - 1707
Aayush Niwalkar – 1714

Under Guidance:
DR.MANISHA NIKAM
(ELECTRONIC & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. Suchit Pednekar, Mr. Aayush Niwalkar, Mr

Arvind Golatkar, Mr Atharva Deshpande of the Fifth Semester of
Diploma in Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering,
S.H.J.P (code 0044) has completed Micro Project satisfactorily in
course for the academic year 2023-24 as prescribed
in the curriculum

Prof (Dr). MANISHA NIKAM

Project Guide

Prof (Dr). MANISHA NIKAM INTERNAL EXAMINER

 S.H. JONDHALE POLYTECHNIC, DOMBIVALI(WEST)

SUBMISSION

We, the students of THIRD YEAR of program Electronics &

Telecommunication, have completed from time to time the
Seminar/Project work as described by our own skill and study
between the scheduled period as per the guidance of Prof (Dr).
MANISHA NIKAM, HOD of Electronics & Telecommunication.

And the following students were associated for this work. However,
the teacher has approved Quantum of our Contribution. And that,
we have not copied the Report or appreciable part from any other
literature in contravention ethics.

1. ARVIND GOLATKAR (1703)

2. SUCHIT PEDNEKAR (1705)
3. ATHARVA DESHPANDE (1707)
4. AAYUSH NIVALKAR (1714)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We have taken efforts in this project. However, it is not possible without

the kind support and help of our teachers and college staff. We would
like to extend my sincere thanks to all of them. We are highly indeed to
S.H.J.P for their guidance and constant supervision as well as for
providing necessary information regarding the project. We would like to
express my gratitude towards our parents for their kind cooperation and
encouragement which helped us in completion of this project.
 Abstract:

Scrolling LED text displays utilize a matrix of light-emitting diodes

(LEDs) that sequentially illuminate, creating dynamic scrolling text.
Controlled by microcontrollers or computers, they deliver real-time
information in an attention-grabbing manner. Their applications
span transportation hubs, retail spaces, sports arenas, and
corporate settings, serving as efficient platforms for conveying
messages, advertisements, and emergency alerts. The displays'
key advantages lie in their dynamic, customizable nature and
energy efficiency. They effectively capture audiences' attention in
various lighting conditions while aligning with sustainability goals.
In summary, scrolling LED text displays offer an adaptable and
compelling solution for dynamic information communication in
diverse contexts, making them a valuable asset for both
information dissemination and promotional purposes.
 CONTENTS
CONTENTS CONTENT PAGE
SR NO NO.
1. INTRODUCTION 7
2. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 8
3. PROBLEM DEFINATION 10
4. Features Of Scrolling 11
LED Text Display
5. COMPONENT USED 13
6. CIRCUTI 14
NFORMATIOMN
7. SOFTWARE PROGRAM 17
8. Operation 21
9. ADVANTAGES 23
DISADVANTAGES AND
APLICATION

INTRODUCTION
A scrolling LED text display is a dynamic and attention-grabbing
way to showcase text messages, advertisements, or information in
public spaces. It consists of an array of small, light-emitting diodes
(LEDs) that light up in a sequence, creating the appearance of text
or messages that move horizontally across the display. You've
likely seen these displays in various locations, such as
transportation hubs, retail stores, sports stadiums, and even on the
exterior of buildings.
These displays are designed to capture people's attention and
quickly convey information. They offer a versatile and eye-catching
platform for sharing real-time updates, promotions, event
schedules, and more. With the ability to customize the content, font
styles, and scrolling speed, scrolling LED text displays provide an
effective and flexible way to communicate with a wide audience.
This technology has gained popularity due to its ability to engage
and inform people in a dynamic and visually appealing manner.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 A circuit diagram for a scrolling LED text display typically
involves several components working together to create the
scrolling text effect. Here's a simplified explanation of the key
elements you might find in such a circuit diagram:
1. Microcontroller or Microprocessor: The brain of the system,
responsible for controlling the display. It processes the text to
be displayed and sends instructions to the LEDs.
2. LEDs (Light-Emitting Diodes): These are the individual light
sources that make up the display. The LEDs are arranged in a
grid or a linear pattern, and they are sequentially turned on
and off to create the scrolling effect.
3. LED Drivers: These components manage the power and
current supplied to the LEDs. They ensure that the LEDs
illuminate at the correct brightness.
 4. Power Supply: Provides the necessary electrical power to the
entire circuit, typically with the appropriate voltage and current
to operate the LEDs.
5. Interface Components: These may include buttons, switches,
or other input devices to control the display's settings, such as
text speed, brightness, and direction of scrolling.
6. Communication Interface: In more advanced systems, there
may be communication interfaces (e.g., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth) to
update the content remotely or connect to external devices for
data input.
7. Memory: Some scrolling LED displays have memory storage
to save text or messages that need to be displayed.
8. Timing Circuit: It controls the timing and synchronization of the
LEDs to create the scrolling effect.
9. Control Logic: This part of the circuit processes the input from
the microcontroller and ensures that the LEDs light up in the
correct sequence and pattern to display the scrolling text.

.
PROBLEM DEFINATION

Defining a problem statement for scrolling LED displays typically

involves identifying a specific issue, challenge, or opportunity
related to the technology or its application. Here's a problem
statement example:
Problem Statement: "Many businesses struggle to effectively
design and manage scrolling LED displays in a way that maximizes
their impact on customers and minimizes energy consumption.
This lack of optimization not only affects the visual appeal and
communication effectiveness but also leads to unnecessary
operational costs and environmental concerns."
This problem statement highlights the challenges faced by
businesses in using scrolling LED displays efficiently, covering
aspects of design, management, energy consumption, and cost-
effectiveness. It provides a clear focus for potential solutions and
research efforts.

Feactures Of Scrolling LED Text Display

Scrolling LED text displays offer a range of features that make

them versatile and effective for conveying information. Here are
some key features commonly found in these displays:
1. Dynamic Text Display: Scrolling LED displays can show text
that moves horizontally or vertically, grabbing viewers'
attention and conveying messages in a dynamic manner.
2. Customizable Content: Users can easily change the text or
messages displayed on the LED screen. This allows for real-
time updates and customization according to specific needs.
3. Variable Font and Size: These displays often allow users to
choose different fonts, text sizes, and styles to suit their
branding or message presentation.
4. Multiple Colors: Many scrolling LED displays offer the option to
display text in various colors, enhancing visual appeal and
message differentiation.
5. Brightness Control: Adjustable brightness settings ensure the
display remains visible and readable in different lighting
conditions, day or night.
6. Speed Control: Users can control the speed at which the text
scrolls, allowing for faster or slower text movement depending
on the audience and location.
7. Multiple Lines: Displays may support multiple lines of text,
enabling the presentation of more extensive or segmented
information.
8. Programming and Scheduling: Some displays offer scheduling
features to automate when specific messages are shown,
making them useful for timed promotions or information
updates.
9. Remote Control: Advanced models can be controlled remotely,
allowing for content updates without physical access to the
display.
10. Memory Storage: Displays with built-in memory can store
multiple messages for easy access and display rotation.
11. Weather Resistance: Displays designed for outdoor use
may have weatherproofing to withstand various environmental
conditions.
 12. Energy Efficiency: LED technology is energy-efficient,
reducing power consumption and operating costs.
13. Integration: Scrolling LED displays can often be integrated
with other systems and sensors, making them part of a
broader communication or monitoring network.
14. Multiple Language Support: Many displays can present
text in different languages to cater to diverse audiences.
15. Countdown and Timer Displays: Specialized displays can
include countdown timers for events or automated time-based
messages.
16. Message Effects: Some displays support various text
effects, such as scrolling direction (left-to-right, right-to-left),
flashing, and more.

COMPONENT USED
The circuit for a scrolling LED text display can vary in complexity
depending on the design and features of the display. Here, I'll
provide a basic circuit overview that you might find in a simple
scrolling LED text display:
Components:
1. LEDs (Light-Emitting Diodes): The individual light sources that
make up the display. These are arranged in a grid or linear
pattern
2. Power Supply: Provides the necessary electrical power to the
entire circuit, usually with the appropriate voltage and current
to operate the LEDs.
 3. Microcontroller: The central processing unit responsible for
controlling the display. It processes the text and manages the
operation of the LEDs.
4. Resistor: A resistor is an electrical component that restricts the
flow of electric current in a circuit, effectively reducing the
voltage and controlling the current passing through it..
5. HC-05: The HC-05 is a Bluetooth module commonly used for
wireless communication in various electronic devices.
6. 16MHz Crystal: A 16MHz crystal is an electronic component
used as a precise timekeeping element in microcontrollers and
digital devices.
7. Capacitor: A capacitor is an electrical component that stores
and releases electrical energy, characterized by its ability to
store charge and release it when needed, commonly used for
smoothing voltage, filtering signals, and timing circuits.
CIRCUTI INFORMATIOMN
1. Matrix LED Display
A Matrix LED Display is a type of visual display technology that
consists of an array of individual light-emitting diodes (LEDs)
arranged in a grid or matrix formation. Each LED within the matrix
can be controlled individually, allowing for the display of text,
graphics, animations, and videos. Matrix LED displays offer high
resolution, brightness, and energy efficiency, making them suitable
for various applications such as digital signage, advertising,
scoreboards, information displays, and entertainment venues.
They are widely used indoors and outdoors due to their versatility
and durability, providing dynamic and eye-catching visual content
in diverse settings.
 2. Microcontroller
A microcontroller is a compact, integrated computer on a single
chip. It combines a central processing unit (CPU), memory,
input/output peripherals, and a clock source. Microcontrollers are
used in various applications, from embedded systems and
consumer electronics to automation and robotics, for executing
specific tasks with efficiency and control.

3. Registers
A resistor is an electrical component designed to limit the flow of
electric current in a circuit. It does so by providing resistance to the
flow of electrons, thus reducing the voltage and controlling the
current. Resistors are essential for adjusting voltage levels,
protecting components, and dividing circuits in electronics.

4. HC-05
The HC-05 is a Bluetooth module commonly used for wireless
communication in various electronic devices, enabling data
transmission and connectivity between devices over short
distances.

5. 16MHz crystal
A 16MHz crystal is a precise electronic component that generates
a stable oscillation at a frequency of 16 million cycles per second.
It serves as a critical timekeeping element in microcontrollers and
digital devices, ensuring accurate timing and synchronization for
various tasks and operations within electronic circuits.

SOFTWARE PROGRAM

// *** The Electronics Adda ***

#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <Adafruit_NeoMatrix.h>
#include <Adafruit_NeoPixel.h>
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <EEPROM.h>

#define PIN 6
#define EEPROM_MIN_ADDR 0
#define EEPROM_MAX_ADDR 100
#define LEN 450

const String defaultText = " The Electronics Adda ";

// temp variable for storing the displayed text
String in = defaultText;

Adafruit_NeoMatrix matrix = Adafruit_NeoMatrix(32, 8, PIN,

NEO_MATRIX_BOTTOM + NEO_MATRIX_RIGHT +
NEO_MATRIX_ROWS + NEO_MATRIX_ZIGZAG,
NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ800);

SoftwareSerial BTserial(0, 1); // RX | TX

const uint16_t colors[] = {
matrix.Color(255, 255, 0),
matrix.Color(255, 0, 255),
matrix.Color(0, 255, 255)};

void setup() {
matrix.begin();
matrix.setTextWrap(false);
matrix.setBrightness(150);
matrix.setTextColor(colors[0]);
randomSeed(analogRead(0));
BTserial.begin(9600);
 //Serial.begin(9600);

char chararray[LEN];
if (eeprom_read_string(10, chararray, LEN)) {
//Serial.println(chararray);
in = chararray;
}
}

void loop() {
if (BTserial.available() > 0) {
in = BTserial.readString();
char temparray[in.length() + 1];
in.toCharArray(temparray, in.length() + 1);
if (strstr(temparray, "#") != NULL) {
in = strstr(temparray, "#") + 1;
char temp[in.length() + 1];
in.toCharArray(temp, in.length() + 1);
eeprom_write_string(10, temp);
}
else {
in = defaultText;
char temp[in.length() + 1];
in.toCharArray(temp, in.length() + 1);
eeprom_write_string(10, temp);
}
}

text(random(6));

void text(int colorbegin) {

int x = matrix.width();
int pass = 0;
while ( pass < 3) {
matrix.fillScreen(0);
matrix.setCursor(x, 0);
int len = in.length();
matrix.print(in);
if (--x < -len * 6) {
x = matrix.width();
pass++;
matrix.setTextColor(colors[(colorbegin + pass) % 3]);
}
matrix.show();
delay(50);
}
}

// Input a value 0 to 255 to get a color value.

// The colours are a transition r - g - b - back to r.
uint32_t Wheel(byte WheelPos) {
WheelPos = 255 - WheelPos;
if (WheelPos < 85) {
return matrix.Color(255 - WheelPos * 3, 0, WheelPos * 3);
 }
if (WheelPos < 170) {
WheelPos -= 85;
return matrix.Color(0, WheelPos * 3, 255 - WheelPos * 3);
}
WheelPos -= 170;
return matrix.Color(WheelPos * 3, 255 - WheelPos * 3, 0);
}

//Write a sequence of bytes starting at the specified address.

//Returns True if the entire array has been written,
//Returns False if start or end address is not between the minimum and maximum
allowed range.
//If False was returned, nothing was written
boolean eeprom_write_bytes(int startAddr, const byte* array, int numBytes) {
int i;

if (!eeprom_is_addr_ok(startAddr) || !eeprom_is_addr_ok(startAddr + numBytes))

return false;

for (i = 0; i < numBytes; i++) {

EEPROM.write(startAddr + i, array[i]);
} return true;
}

//Writes an int value to the specified address.

boolean eeprom_write_int(int addr, int value) {
byte *ptr;

ptr = (byte*)&value;
return eeprom_write_bytes(addr, ptr, sizeof(value));
}

//Reads an integer value at the specified address

boolean eeprom_read_int(int addr, int* value) {
return eeprom_read_bytes(addr, (byte*)value, sizeof(int));
}

//Reads the specified number of bytes at the specified address

boolean eeprom_read_bytes(int startAddr, byte array[], int numBytes) {
int i;

if (!eeprom_is_addr_ok(startAddr) || !eeprom_is_addr_ok(startAddr + numBytes))

return false;

for (i = 0; i < numBytes; i++) {

array[i] = EEPROM.read(startAddr + i);
} return true;
}

//Returns True if the specified address is between the minimum and the maximum
allowed range.
//Invoked by other superordinate functions to avoid errors.
boolean eeprom_is_addr_ok(int addr) {
return ((addr >= EEPROM_MIN_ADDR) && (addr <= EEPROM_MAX_ADDR));
}
//Write a string, starting at the specified address
boolean eeprom_write_string(int addr, const char* string) {
int numBytes;
numBytes = strlen(string) + 1;

return eeprom_write_bytes(addr, (const byte*)string, numBytes);

}

//Reads a string from the specified address

boolean eeprom_read_string(int addr, char* buffer, int bufSize) {
byte ch;
int bytesRead;

if (!eeprom_is_addr_ok(addr)) return false;

if (bufSize == 0) return false;

if (bufSize == 1) {
buffer[0] = 0;
return true;
}

bytesRead = 0;
ch = EEPROM.read(addr + bytesRead);
buffer[bytesRead] = ch;
bytesRead++;

while ((ch != 0x00) && (bytesRead < bufSize) && ((addr + bytesRead) <=
EEPROM_MAX_ADDR)) {
ch = EEPROM.read(addr + bytesRead);
buffer[bytesRead] = ch;
bytesRead++;
}

if ((ch != 0x00) && (bytesRead >= 1)) buffer[bytesRead - 1] = 0;

return true;
}
Operation:
To create a scrolling LED text display using the components you
mentioned (ATmega328PU Microcontroller, Arduino UNO, HC-05
Bluetooth Module, Pixel Strip - WS2812, and Mobile Charger
Circuit), follow these general working steps:
1. Prepare Hardware:
 Connect the Pixel Strip (WS2812) to the ATmega328PU
Microcontroller. Ensure the correct wiring connections, as
WS2812 LEDs require precise control.
 Power the Pixel Strip with the Mobile Charger Circuit. Confirm
that the voltage and current levels are suitable for the WS2812
LEDs.
2. Programming:
 Write a program in the Arduino IDE to control the Pixel Strip.
Ensure that your program is compatible with the
ATmega328PU Microcontroller and can communicate with the
WS2812 LEDs. Libraries such as the Adafruit NeoPixel library
may be helpful.
3. Bluetooth Module Setup:
 Configure the HC-05 Bluetooth Module to communicate with
your smartphone or other devices. This will allow you to send
text or messages wirelessly to the display.
4. Text Scrolling Logic:
 Implement the logic in your Arduino code to scroll text on the
Pixel Strip. You may need to break the text into segments and
control the color, brightness, and scrolling speed.

5. User Interface (Optional):

  Create a user interface on your smartphone or computer to
send text messages to the HC-05 Bluetooth Module for display
on the WS2812 LEDs.
6. Testing:
 Test the scrolling LED text display to ensure that it effectively
displays the messages you send via Bluetooth. Verify the
scrolling speed, color, and brightness.
7. Refinement:
 Fine-tune the program and hardware setup to achieve the
desired scrolling effect and visual appearance.
8. Usage:
 Use your scrolling LED text display for various applications,
such as displaying messages, announcements, or
notifications.

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES AND APLICATION

Advantages:
 1. High Visibility: Scrolling LED displays are attention-grabbing
and highly visible, making them effective for conveying
information and advertisements to a large audience.
2. Dynamic Content: They allow for dynamic and engaging
content, making it easy to update messages in real-time,
ensuring the information is always current.
3. Customization: Users can customize the text, fonts, colors,
and scrolling speed to match specific communication needs
and branding.
4. Energy Efficiency: LED technology is energy-efficient,
reducing power consumption and operating costs, making
them a sustainable choice.
5. Versatility: Scrolling LED displays have a wide range of
applications, from conveying news updates and promotions to
displaying event schedules and emergency alerts, making
them a versatile communication tool.

Disadvantages:
While scrolling LED text displays offer numerous advantages, they
also come with some disadvantages:
 1. Cost: The initial investment in high-quality scrolling LED
displays can be significant, and maintenance costs may add
up over time.
2. Complex Installation: Installing and configuring scrolling LED
displays can be complex, requiring professional installation
and setup.
3. Limited Viewing Distance: Depending on the display's size
and resolution, there may be limitations in viewing distance
and legibility.
4. Light Pollution: In outdoor settings, the bright LEDs can
contribute to light pollution, affecting the night sky and
potentially disturbing nearby residents.
5. Visual Distraction: Overuse or inappropriate use of scrolling
LED displays in certain environments can become a visual
distraction and lead to information overload.

Application:
Scrolling LED text displays have a wide range of applications,
including:
1. Transportation Hubs: They are used for displaying real-time
travel information, schedules, and announcements at airports,
train stations, and bus terminals.
2. Retail Stores: Scrolling displays are employed for advertising
promotions, sales, and product information within retail
environments.
3. Sports Arenas: They show live scores, player statistics, and
advertising during sporting events.
4. Corporate Offices: Scrolling displays are used for internal
communication, announcements, and welcoming guests in
office lobbies.
5. Emergency Alerts: They serve as a means to convey urgent
information and emergency alerts in public spaces, including
weather warnings and safety instructions.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Google.com
 Instrutables.com
 Electronicsfouru.com
 Gala electronics - 1/20, shree ganash bhuvan, opp. Dr.
D.B.marg police statio, 357- lamington road, Mumbai-400007.
Maharashtra,India.
 Omkar creations – D/2 omsai industrial state roadno.30 wagle
estate Thane west Thane-400604