OFFICE of the GOOD SHEPHERD ACADEMY OF

ACADEMIC AFFAIRS VICTORIA INC.

Poblacion II, Victoria, Oriental Mindoro 5205
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPT. Telefax No.: (043) 285-5620 / Email.: [email protected]

LEARNING MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 S.Y. 2021-2022

MODULE
TOPIC: Operations on Rational
5 Numbers
Performance Standard:
Content Standard:
The learners should be able to formulate challenging
The learner demonstrates understanding of key
concepts of sets and the real number system. situations involving sets and real numbers and solve
these in a variety of strategies.
Most Essential Learning Competency:
Performs operations on rational numbers.
Time frame: 2 weeks
Learning Targets:
 add and subtract fractions;
 add and subtract decimals;
 multiply and divide fractions;
 multiply and divide decimals;
 solve real life problems involving rational numbers.
BELL WORK/ FLASHBACK
I. Have the students answer this exercise. Express each Decimal into
Fraction form and Fraction to Decimal.

13 4
5 21 0.6 4.3

_____________ _____________
_____________ _____________

LECTURE 1
Main Point 1
Addition and Subtraction of Fraction
A. Similar Fractions
Similar fractions are fractions that have the same denominator. Below are examples of similar fractions.

1 , 5 , 11 and 1 , 5 , 17 denominator
6 6 6 12 12 12

Take note that fractions can be added and subtracted only Examples:
when these fractions are similar fractions. 1 2 1+ 2 3
If a, b and c denote integers, and b ≠ 0, then 1.
5
+ 5
= 5
= 5
a c a+c a c a−c
b+b = b and b – b = b 6 2 6−2 4
2.
7
– 7
= 7
= 7
B. Dissimilar Fractions
Dissimilar fractions are fractions with different denominators. Below are examples of dissimilar
fractions.
1 , 5 , 11 and 1 , 5 , 17 denominator
2 3 6 12 7 22

Dissimilar fractions cannot be added or subtracted directly. First, you need to convert dissimilar
fractions to similar fractions.
 OFFICE of the GOOD SHEPHERD ACADEMY OF
ACADEMIC AFFAIRS VICTORIA INC.
Poblacion II, Victoria, Oriental Mindoro 5205
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPT. Telefax No.: (043) 285-5620 / Email.: [email protected]

LEARNING MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 S.Y. 2021-2022

1. With different denominators, 𝑎/𝑏 and 𝑐/𝑑 , where b ≠ 0 and d ≠ 0, Rename the fractions to
Steps in Adding and Subtracting Fractions

make them similar which denominator is the least common multiple of b and d.
2. Add or subtract the numerators of the resulting fractions.
3. Write the result as a fraction whose numerator is the sum or difference of the numerators and
which denominator is the least common multiple of b and d.
Examples:
2 1 2 1 8 5 8+5 13
1.
5
+ 4
= 5
+ 4
= 20
+ 20
= 20
= 20
LCM of 5 and 4 is 20. The LCD is 20.
2 1 4 3 4−3 1
2.
3
– 2
= 6
– 6
= 6
= 6
LCM of 3 and 2 is 6. The LCD is 6.
C. Mixed Numbers
Mixed Numbers are quantities that have a whole number part and a fraction part. Below are examples
of mixed fractions.
1 2
5 7
4 3

Whole Number Fraction Whole Number Fraction

Steps in Adding and Subtracting Mixed Numbers
1. Find the LCD of the fractions in the mixed numbers to make them similar fractions.
2. Add or subtract the whole numbers and the similar fractions.
3. Simplify if the resulting fraction is improper fraction.
Examples:
3 2 Whole Number Fraction
1. 2 4 + 1 3 =
(2+1) 3 2
+ add the whole number and fractions
4 3
the LCM of 4 and 3 is 12, so the LCD
3 9 8
+ is 12
12 12
3 9+8
12
17 17 5 Simplify the improper fraction
3 ( is 1 )
12 12 12
5
3+1
12
5
4
12

1 1 Whole Number Fraction

2. 7
2 - 13 =
(7 - 1) 1 1
-
2 3 subtract the whole number and fractions
6 3 2
+
6 6 the LCM of 2 and 3 is 6,
6 3−2 so the LCD is 6.
6
1
6
6
 OFFICE of the GOOD SHEPHERD ACADEMY OF
ACADEMIC AFFAIRS VICTORIA INC.
Poblacion II, Victoria, Oriental Mindoro 5205
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPT. Telefax No.: (043) 285-5620 / Email.: [email protected]

LEARNING MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 S.Y. 2021-2022

PRACTICE EXERCISE
Solve the following Answer:
1. 6/2 + 8/5 1. 23/5
2. 2/5 + 1/5 2. 3/5
3. 3 1/2 + 2 2/3 3. 5 7/6

Main Point 2
Addition and Subtraction of Decimals
Decimals are added and subtracted just like whole numbers, align the decimal points, add or subtract
the numbers in columns and insert the decimal point in the answer immediately beneath the decimal
points in the numbers being added or subtracted.
A. Addition of Decimals B. Subtraction of Decimals
Examples. Examples.
1. Add. 0.005 + 9.684 3. Subtract: 37.428 – 10.634
0.005 align 37.428
+ 9.684 add - 10.634
9.869 affix decimal point 26.794
2. Add: 34.095 + 8.68 4. Subtract: 65.030 – 26.732
34.095 65.030
+ 8.68 - 26.732
42.775 38.298

PRACTICE EXERCISE
Add the following Answer:
4. 1.56 + 2.55 4. 4.11
5. 65.26 + 28.45 5. 36.81

Main Point 3
Multiplication and Division of Fraction
A. Multiplication of Fraction
To find the product of fraction, we simply multiply the numerators and multiply the denominators. Write
the answer in simplest form.
a c ac
b
x d
= bd
Examples
3
1. It takes Aida of an hour to complete a piece of cross-stitch. How many hours will it take her to
4
complete a dozen pieces?
This calls for multiplication sentence.
3 3 12 12
4
x 12 = 4
x 1
renaming 12 to 1
36
= 4 or 9 Thus, Aida can complete a dozen pieces in 9 hours.
3 2
2. Find the product: ( ) (
5 3 )
3 2 6
( 5 ) ( 3 ) = 15 Multiply the numerator by numerator and denominator by denominator.
6 3 2
15 ÷ 3 = 5 Simplify by dividing both the numerator and denominator with the GCF which is 3.
 OFFICE of the GOOD SHEPHERD ACADEMY OF
ACADEMIC AFFAIRS VICTORIA INC.
Poblacion II, Victoria, Oriental Mindoro 5205
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPT. Telefax No.: (043) 285-5620 / Email.: [email protected]

LEARNING MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 S.Y. 2021-2022

2
Thus, the product is .
5
B. Division of fraction
a. To divide fractions, multiply the dividend by the multiplicative inverse (reciprocal) of the divisor.
b. If the given is a mixed fraction, change to improper fraction and follow the first rule.
a c a d ad
b
÷ d
= b
x c
= bc
Examples :
1. Consider this situation.
1
A 20-liter tank is to be filled with water by repeatedly pouring from a can which holds 2 liters. How
2
many water pouring from a can are needed to fill the tank?

This calls for a division sentence.

1 5
20 ÷ 2 2 = 20 ÷ 2
Change mixed fraction to improper fraction
20 2
= 1 • 5 Multiply the dividend to the multiplicative inverse of the divisor
20 x 2
= 1x 5 Multiply the fractions
40
= 5 or 8 Simplify
Thus, it requires 8 pouring’s of water to fill the 20-liter tank.
2 1
2. Find the quotient: 6
3
÷ 12
20 3
= 3 ÷ 2 Change mixed fraction to improper fraction
20 2
=( 3 ) (3 ) Multiply the dividend to the multiplicative inverse of the divisor
40 4
=
9
or 4
9
Change to mixed number.
40 4
Thus, the quotient is
9
or 4 9 .

PRACTICE EXERCISE Add the following Answer:

6. 4/12 x 3/8 6. 1/8
7. 15/21 ÷ 12/9 7. 15/28

Main Point 4
Multiplication and Division of Decimals
The rules in multiplying and dividing decimals is almost the same as the rules in multiplying whole
numbers except that you have to be extra cautious of the decimal point.
A. Multiplying decimals
Examples
1. Multiply 321.4 by 0.31.
Arrange the numbers vertically.
321.4
X 0.31
Multiply the numbers, as if you are multiplying whole numbers.
321.4
x 0.31
3214
9642
99634
 OFFICE of the GOOD SHEPHERD ACADEMY OF
ACADEMIC AFFAIRS VICTORIA INC.
Poblacion II, Victoria, Oriental Mindoro 5205
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPT. Telefax No.: (043) 285-5620 / Email.: [email protected]

LEARNING MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 S.Y. 2021-2022

Starting from the rightmost end of the product, move the decimal point to the left the same number of
places as the sum of the decimal places in the multiplicand and the multiplier
321.4 One decimal place
x 0.31 Two decimal places
3214
9642
99.634 Three decimal places
2. Multiply 12.123 by 3.05
Arrange the numbers vertically.
12.123
x 3.05
Multiply the numbers, as if you are multiplying whole numbers.
12.123
3.05
60615
00000

36369
3697515
Starting from the rightmost end of the product, move the decimal point to the left the same number of
places as the sum of the decimal places in the multiplicand and the multiplier.
12.123 Three decimal places
x 3.05 Two decimal places
60615
00000
36369
36.97515 Five decimal places
B. Dividing decimals
1. Divide 12.159 by 3
If the divisor is a whole number, divide the dividend by the divisor applying the rules of a whole number.
The position of the decimal point is the same as that in the dividend.
4.053
3) 12.159
-1 2
1
-0
15
-1 5
9
-9
0
2. Divide 365.55 by 1.5
If the divisor is not a whole number, make the divisor a whole number by moving the decimal point in
the divisor to the rightmost end, making the number seem like a whole number.
1.5 ) 3 6 5 . 5 5

15. ) 3 6 5 . 5 5
Move the decimal point in the dividend to the right the same number of places as the decimal point was
moved to make the divisor a whole number.
15) 365.55

15) 3655.5
Lastly divide the new dividend by the new divisor.
243.7
15) 3655.5
30
65
 OFFICE of the GOOD SHEPHERD ACADEMY OF
ACADEMIC AFFAIRS VICTORIA INC.
Poblacion II, Victoria, Oriental Mindoro 5205
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPT. Telefax No.: (043) 285-5620 / Email.: [email protected]

LEARNING MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 S.Y. 2021-2022

60
55
45
105
105
0

PRACTICE EXERCISE
Add the following Answer:
8. 7.6 x 5.4 8. 41.04
9. 6.5 + 28.345 9. 4.36

Name: ______________________________ Score: ______________

Attachment
Grade/ Section: _______________________ Date: ______________

1 Solve the following Rational Numbers.

1. 4/8 + 5/10 1. 12/15 x 25/49

2. 9/12 + 12/20 2. 12/27 x 24/32

3. 8/15 + 2/6 3. 18/56 x 21/24

4. 15/12 + 7/8 4. 24/72 x 18/64

5. 12/48 + 15/24 5. 51/80 x 70/91

1. 12/21 – 10/14 1. 16/32 ÷ 24/28

2. 16/25 – 12/15 2. 24/63 ÷ 27/42

3. 12/17 – 15/34 3. 27/60 ÷ 44/81

4. 19/27 – 10/18 4. 38/47 ÷ 31/54

5. 29/72 – 24/36 5. 27/37 ÷ 18/40

For SSC only:

Solve the following problems and express your answers to their lowest term.
_____________1. What is the product if 3/4 divided by 1/2 is multiplied by 2/9?

_____________2. What is the result if 2/3 times 3/5 is divided by 3/7?

_____________3. 4/5 plus 2/3 divided by 1/2 is equal to N. Find N.

_____________4. Find N if 1/4 plus 2/5 times 1/2 is N.

_____________5. What is the quotients if 3/5 times 2/3 is divided by 1/4?

 OFFICE of the GOOD SHEPHERD ACADEMY OF
ACADEMIC AFFAIRS VICTORIA INC.
Poblacion II, Victoria, Oriental Mindoro 5205
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPT. Telefax No.: (043) 285-5620 / Email.: [email protected]

LEARNING MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 S.Y. 2021-2022

Name: ______________________________ Score: ______________

Grade/ Section: _______________________ Date: ______________

RATIONAL ME!
Direction: Research about the different elements in the human body using the table below.
Determine the amount of each element by filling up the column that it corresponds. Draw a
human body on the box below that shows all the element and its percent.
Elements Name Percent in body Decimal form Fractional form
Oxygen
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Calcium
Phosphorus
Iron