Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9

Chapter 6 Solving Equations and Inequalities

In previous grades, you learned how to solve one-step and some two-step equations.

Review examples:

Whatever you do to one side of the equation, you must do to the other!

When we solve for x, we need to _________________ x (which means get x by itself).

To get x by itself, we need to perform ________________ operations (sometimes called Inverse operations).

a) x–3=7

b) x+2=5

c) 2x = 10

𝑥
d) 5
=3

Try these: Solve for the variable using algebra.

1) x + 4 = -7 2) x – 6 = 15

3) 4m = 12 4) -2x = 16

𝑝 1
5) 3
= -2 6) 6
x=4

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Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9

6.1 Solving Equations Using Inverse Operations (Part 1)

Ex 1) Solve these examples using inverse operations. Show all of your steps!

a) x + 2 = -9 The operation on x is: Verify:

The inverse operation is:

b) y - 2.4 = 6.5 The operation on y is: Verify:

The inverse operation is:

c) Write the equation and solve: “Three times a number is -3.6.” The operation is:
The inverse operation is:

d) Write the equation and solve: “A number divided by 4 is 1.5.” The operation is:
The inverse operation is:

e) 3p – 4 = 5 The operations are: ____________ , ____________

The inverse operations are: ____________ , ____________

f) 2a + 7 = 12 The operations are: ____________ , ____________

The inverse operations are: ____________ , ____________

𝑛
g) 1.9 + 3 = 6.8 The operations are: ____________ , ____________
The inverse operations are: ____________ , ____________

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Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9

Try These: Solve and verify.

4.2
a) 𝑥
= 3

2
b) 𝑥
= 0.5

Ex 2) Solve and verify.

Equations can also contain brackets. If you remember from the unit on polynomials, this requires we use the
distributive property. Every term in the bracket is multiplied by the number in front of the bracket. (This
number could even be a fraction or decimal).

a) 2(3.7 + x) = 13.2

b) 6 = 1.5(x – 6)

c) On a test, a student solved the following equation. Were they correct?

6.1 (Part 1) Assignment: ______________________________

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Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9

6.1 Solving Equations Using Inverse Operations (Part 2)

Solving Equations with Fractions

The easiest way to solve equations which contain fractions is to eliminate the denominator. If we can get rid of
all the fractions, the equation will be easier to solve.

To solve equations containing fractions, multiply each term by the whole number you choose. This whole
number MUST BE A COMMON _____________________________ for all the ________________________ in the equations.
Ex.
Multiples:
12 – 12, 24, 36, …
3 – 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, … The LOWEST common multiple is what you multiply all terms by… in this case 12.

Ex 1) Solve each equation by eliminating the denominator first.

𝑥 1
a) =3
12

−1 3𝑥
b) = 27
9

𝑥 1 1
c) + =
4 5 2

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Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9
Solving Equations with Variables on Both Sides of the Equation

Remember, when solving equations our goal is the get the variable by itself. Therefore, the variable cannot be on
both sides of the equation. We must get the variable on one side of the equal sign and the constant term(s) on
the other.

Ex 2) Solve for x.

a) 3x = 8 + 2x b) 16 – 3x = 5x

c) w = 9 – 2w

Try These: Solve for x and verify.

d) 2x = -30 + 5x

e) 2x + 3x = 8x – 3

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Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9
More… Solving Equations with Variables on Both Sides

 Whenever you have a variable on both sides of the equation and a constant term
on both sides of the equation, you will need to use the _________________ property
idea, as inverse operations, TWICE.
 One time will be to get rid of the constant term from one side.
 The other time will be to get rid of the ____________________ from the other side.
 In an example like this, our goal is to get all constant terms one side of the equal
sign and all variables on the other side of the ___________________ sign.

Ex 3) Solve for the variable.

a) 4x + 7 = 21 – 3x b) 2x + 10 = 20 – 3x

c) 7y + 53 = 14 – 6y

Try These: Solve and verify.

d) 4x + 2 = -2x + 8

e) 3(x + 1) = 5(x – 1)

6.1 (Part 2) Assignment: _________________________________

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Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9

6.1 Solving Equations Using Inverse Operations (Part 3)

Word Problems

Ex 1) Two different taxi companies charge the following:

Company A: $3.00 plus $0.20 per km. Company B: $2.50 plus $0.25 per km.

At what distance will the cost be the same?

Ex 2) An internet company offers two plans.

Plan A: No monthly fee. $0.75 per minute. Plan B: $15 monthly fee, plus $0,25 per minute.

When will the companies result in the same cost?

Ex 3) How to find percentage of a number.

a. 15% of $100 b. Sales tax of 11% is charged on a new Bunny Hug on sale for
$45.00, what is the total price of the item?

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Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9
Solving Multi-Step Equations

We have already solved equations with distributive property, fractions, and variables on both sides.

What if we had all of these steps in one equation?

Ex 3) Solve and verify.

*Always distribute to eliminate brackets first
a) 3(x + 1) = 2(4 – x)

1 2
b) (x – 1) = (1-x)
2 3

2𝑥−3 −𝑥−1
c)
2
= 4

6.1 (Part 3) Assignment: ______________________________

*no 6.2 Asn’t

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Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9
6.3 Introduction to Linear Inequalities

What are inequalities? We use inequalities to model a situation that can be described by a _______________________ of
numbers instead of a single number.

We use specific symbols:

When one quantity is greater or equal to the other quantity:
When one quantity is greater than the other quantity:
When one quantity is less or equal to the other quantity:
When one quantity is less than the other quantity:

Ex 1) Which inequality describes the amount of time, t, for which a car could be legally parked?

t < 30
t > 30
t ≤ 30
t ≥ 30

Ex 2) Define a variable and write an inequality for each situation:

Ex 3) Define a variable and write an inequality to describe each situation.

a) Contest entrants must be at least 18 years old.

b) The temperature has been below -5oC for the last week.

c) You must have 10 items or less to use the express checkout line at a grocery store.

d) Scientist have identified over 400 species of dinosaurs.

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Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9

 A linear equation is true for only ___________________ value of the variable. ONE SOLUTION
 A linear inequality may be true for ___________________ values of the variable. MANY SOLUTIONS
 The solution of an inequality is any value of the variable that makes the inequality _____________________.
 There are usually too many numbers to list, so we may show them on a ____________________ line.
Ex 4) Is each number a solution of the inequality b ≥ -4? Justify your answers.

a) -8 b) -3.5 c) -4 d) 4.5 e) 0

Method 1: Use a number line.

Method 2: Substitute each number in for b.

Graphing Inequalities

Note: Since 3 is NOT part of the solution, we draw a __________________________ circle at 3.

Since -5 IS part of the solution, we draw a ____________________________ circle at -5.

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Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9
Ex 5) Graph each inequality on a number line and list 4 numbers that are solutions of the inequality.

a) t>9

b) -2 ≥ x

c) 0.5 ≤ a

−25
d) p<
3

Ex 6) Write an inequality to describe each situation, then graph the solution on a number line.

a) A number is greater than 5.

b) A number is less than or equal to 4.

c) The temperature is below 8°C today.

d) You must have 5 items or less to go to the express lane at the grocery store.

e) Chantal’s mom said she should invite at least 10 people to her birthday party.

f) In most provinces, you must be at least 16 years old to drive.

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Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9
Ex 7) Write the inequality for each number line.

a)

b)

c)

d)

6.3 Assignment: ____________________________________

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Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9
6.4 Solving Linear Inequalities using Addition and Subtraction

Compare an Equation with an Inequality:

Ex 1) Solve the inequality. Verify the solution and graph on a number line.

6.2 ≤ x – 4.5

Solve: Verify:

Graph:

Ex 2) Solve and graph. 4.8 + c > - 3.2

Ex 3) Jake plans to board his dog while he is away on vacation.

a) Choose a variable and write an EXPRESSION FOR EACH

Boarding House A charges $90 plus $5 per day: __________________________
Boarding House B charges $100 plus $4 per day: __________________________

For how many days must Jake board his house in House A for it to be less expensive than House B?

b) Write an inequality.

c) Solve the problem.

c) Graph.

6.4 Assignment: ________________________________

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Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9

6.5 Solving Linear Inequalities Using Multiplication and Division

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Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9

Ex 1) Solve the inequality and graph the solution.

a) -5s ≤ 25

b) 7a < -21

𝑥
c) > -3
−4

d) 3x – 12 < 18

e) 13 – 4x < 33

Ex 2) Solve and verify.

-2.6a + 14.6 > -5.2 + 1.8a

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Chapter 6 - Solving Equations & Inequalities Math 9

Ex 3) A super-slide charges $1.25 to rent a mat and $0.75 per ride. Jason has $10.25. How many rides can Jason
go on?

a) Choose a variable and write an inequality.

b) Solve the problem.

c) Graph.

Ex 4) Write an equation or inequality for each statement and solve. Graph the inequalities.

a) Triple a number, then decreased by one is less than 11.

b) A number multiplied by 4 and then increased by 5 is 1.

c) You can invite, at most, 5 friends to your house Saturday evening.

d) Five, subtract 3, times a number is equal to 3.5 times the same number, subtract eight.

e) Seven percent of a number of 56.7.

6.5 Assignment: _______________________________

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