Numerical Ability Questions and Solutions

create 5 question and answer with solution in each sub topic

Numerical Ability
1. angles and radians
2. angle of elevation
3. area
4. basic algebra
5. discount
6. fractions, decimals, and percentage
7. functions
8. mixture problems
9. pemdas
10. simple and compound interest
11. word problems

Here are five questions and answers with solutions for each sub-topic under Numerical Ability:

1. Angles and Radians

Q1: Convert 60∘ to radians.

Solution:
Radians = 180
π
​ × 60
Radians = π3 ​

π
Answer: 3 radians
​

Q2: Find the angle in degrees corresponding to 5π

6
radians.
​

Solution:
Degrees = 180
π
​ × 5π
6
​

∘
Degrees = 150
Answer: 150∘

Q3: How many radians are there in a full circle?

Solution:
In a full circle, there are 360 degrees. Using the conversion formula:
Radians = 180 π
× 360 = 2π
​

Answer: 2π radians

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 π
Q4: Convert 4 radians into degrees.
​

Solution:
Degrees = 180
π
​
× π
4
​

Degrees = 45°
Answer: 45∘

Q5: What is the complement of a 30∘ angle?

Solution:
The complement of an angle is 90∘ − 30∘ = 60∘ .
Answer: 60∘

2. Angle of Elevation

Q1: From a point 10 meters away from the base of a tower, the angle of elevation to the top is 30∘ .
Find the height of the tower.

Solution:
height
Using tan(30∘ ) = 10
, ​

∘ 1
tan(30 ) = 3
, so
​

Height = 10 ≈ 5.77 meters.

3
​

Answer: 5.77 meters

Q2: A ladder leaning against a wall forms a 45∘ angle with the ground. If the ladder is 7 meters long,
how high does it reach on the wall?

Solution:
Using sin(45∘ )= height
7
, ​

2
Height = 7 × 2 = 4.95 meters.
​

Answer: 4.95 meters

Q3: The angle of elevation to the top of a tree from a point 20 meters away is 60∘ . Find the height of
the tree.

Solution:
Using tan(60∘ ) = height
20 ,
​

Height = 20 × 3 ≈ 34.64 meters.

​

Answer: 34.64 meters

Q4: A building casts a 50-meter shadow, and the angle of elevation of the sun is 30∘ . Find the height of
the building.

Solution:
height
Using tan(30∘ ) = 50
, ​

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 1
Height = 50 × ≈ 28.87 meters.
3
​

Answer: 28.87 meters

Q5: If a kite is flying at a height of 60 meters and the angle of elevation is 45∘ , how far is the kite
horizontally from the point where the string is tied?

Solution:
60
Using tan(45∘ ) = distance , ​

Distance = 60 meters.
Answer: 60 meters

3. Area

Q1: Find the area of a triangle with a base of 6 cm and a height of 8 cm.

Solution:
Area = 12 × base × height
​

1
Area = 2 ​ × 6 × 8 = 24 cm².
Answer: 24 cm²

Q2: What is the area of a circle with a radius of 5 meters?

Solution:
Area = πr 2
Area = π× 52 = 25π m².
Answer: 25π m²

Q3: Find the area of a rectangle with length 7 meters and width 4 meters.

Solution:
Area = 7 × 4 = 28 m².
Answer: 28 m²

Q4: What is the area of a square with a side length of 12 cm?

Solution:
Area = 122 = 144 cm².
Answer: 144 cm²

Q5: A parallelogram has a base of 10 cm and a height of 5 cm. What is its area?

Solution:
Area = base × height
Area = 10 × 5 = 50 cm².
Answer: 50 cm²

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 4. Basic Algebra

Q1: Solve for x: 2x + 5 = 13.

Solution:
2x = 13 − 5
2x = 8
x = 82 = 4.
​

Answer: x = 4

Q2: Solve for y : 3y − 4 = 11.

Solution:
3y = 11 + 4
3y = 15
y = 15
3 = 5. ​

Answer: y = 5

Q3: If 2x + 3 = 11, find x.

Solution:
2x = 11 − 3
2x = 8
x = 82 = 4.
​

Answer: x = 4

Q4: Simplify: 3(2x + 4).

Solution:
3(2x + 4) = 6x + 12.
Answer: 6x + 12

Q5: Solve for z : 5z + 6 = 31.

Solution:
5z = 31 − 6
5z = 25
z = 25
5 = 5.
​

Answer: z = 5

5. Discount

Q1: Find the selling price if the original price is $100 and the discount is 20%.

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 Solution:
Discount amount = 100 × 0.20 = 20
Selling price = 100 − 20 = 80.
Answer: $80

Q2: What is the final price after a 15% discount on a $200 item?

Solution:
Discount amount = 200 × 0.15 = 30
Final price = 200 − 30 = 170.
Answer: $170

Q3: If an item costs $250 and has a 10% discount, what is the discount amount?

Solution:
Discount = 250 × 0.10 = 25.
Answer: $25

Q4: A jacket priced at $150 is on sale for 30% off. How much will the jacket cost after the discount?

Solution:
Discount = 150 × 0.30 = 45
Final price = 150 − 45 = 105.
Answer: $105

Q5: Calculate the discount on a $500 laptop with a 25% discount.

Solution:
Discount = 500 × 0.25 = 125.
Answer: $125

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6. Fractions, Decimals, and Percentage

Q1: Convert 35 into a decimal.

​

Solution:
3
5
​= 0.6.
Answer: 0.6
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 Q2: Convert 0.75 into a fraction.

Solution:
75
0.75 = 100
​ = 34 . ​

Answer: 34 ​

Q3: Convert 40% to a fraction.

Solution:
40
40% = 100
​ = 25 . ​

2
Answer: 5 ​

Q4: What is 35% of 200?

Solution:
35% × 200 = 0.35 × 200 = 70.
Answer: 70

7
Q5: Convert 8 to a percentage. ​

Solution:
7
8
​
× 100 = 87.5%.
Answer: 87.5%

7. Functions

Q1: If f (x) = 2x + 3, find f (4).

Solution:
f (4) = 2(4) + 3 = 8 + 3 = 11.
Answer: 11

Q2: Find f (x) = x2 + 2x − 1 when x = −3.

Solution:
f (−3) = (−3)2 + 2(−3) − 1 = 9 − 6 − 1 = 2.
Answer: 2

Q3: If g(x) = 5x − 4, what is g(2)?

Solution:
g(2) = 5(2) − 4 = 10 − 4 = 6.
Answer: 6

Q4: Given h(x) = 3x2 − x, find h(1).

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 Solution:
h(1) = 3(1)2 − 1 = 3 − 1 = 2.
Answer: 2

Q5: If f (x) = 2x + 5, solve for x when f (x) = 13.

Solution:
2x + 5 = 13
2x = 13 − 5
2x = 8
x = 4.
Answer: x = 4

8. Mixture Problems

Q1: How many liters of a 20% salt solution should be added to 5 liters of a 50% salt solution to create a
30% salt solution?

Solution:
Let x be the amount of 20% solution.
0.20x + 0.50(5) = 0.30(x + 5)
0.20x + 2.5 = 0.30x + 1.5
2.5 − 1.5 = 0.30x − 0.20x
1 = 0.10x
x = 10 liters.
Answer: 10 liters

Q2: A grocer mixes 15 kg of tea worth $10 per kg with 5 kg of tea worth $15 per kg. What is the cost
per kg of the mixture?

Solution:
Total cost = (15 × 10) + (5 × 15) = 150 + 75 = 225
Total weight = 15 + 5 = 20
Cost per kg = 225
20
= 11.25
​

Answer: $11.25 per kg

Q3: How much water should be added to 100 mL of a 30% alcohol solution to dilute it to a 20% alcohol
solution?

Solution:
Let x be the amount of water to add.
0.30(100) = 0.20(100 + x)
30 = 0.20(100 + x)
30 = 20 + 0.20x
10 = 0.20x

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 x = 50 mL.
Answer: 50 mL

Q4: If 30 liters of a solution contains 40% acid, how many liters of pure acid must be added to make
the solution 50% acid?

Solution:
Let x be the amount of pure acid to add.
0.40(30) + x = 0.50(30 + x)
12 + x = 15 + 0.50x
x − 0.50x = 15 − 12
0.50x = 3
x = 6 liters.
Answer: 6 liters

Q5: How many liters of a 25% sugar solution must be added to 10 liters of a 50% sugar solution to get
a 40% sugar solution?

Solution:
Let x be the amount of 25% solution to add.
0.25x + 0.50(10) = 0.40(x + 10)
0.25x + 5 = 0.40(x + 10)
0.25x + 5 = 0.40x + 4
5 − 4 = 0.40x − 0.25x
1 = 0.15x
1
x = 0.15 ≈ 6.67 liters.
​

Answer: 6.67 liters

9. PEMDAS

Q1: Simplify: 2 + 3 × 4.

Solution:
Apply multiplication first:
2 + (3 × 4) = 2 + 12 = 14.
Answer: 14

Q2: Simplify: (6 + 2) × 3.

Solution:
Apply parentheses first:
(6 + 2) × 3 = 8 × 3 = 24.
Answer: 24

Q3: Simplify: 7 + 4 × (6 − 2).

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 Solution:
Apply parentheses first, then multiplication:
7 + 4 × 4 = 7 + 16 = 23.
Answer: 23

Q4: Simplify: (5 + 3)2 ÷ 4.

Solution:
Apply parentheses and exponent first:
(5 + 3)2 = 82 = 64
Then division:
64 ÷ 4 = 16.
Answer: 16

Q5: Simplify: 3 × (4 + 6) − 5.

Solution:
Apply parentheses first:
3 × 10 − 5 = 30 − 5 = 25.
Answer: 25

10. Simple and Compound Interest

Q1: Find the simple interest on $1,000 at 5% per year for 3 years.

Solution:
×r×t
Simple interest = P
1000 × 0.05 × 3 = 150.
Answer: $150

Q2: Calculate the amount after 4 years if $500 is invested at 6% simple interest annually.

Solution:
Interest = 500 × 0.06 × 4= 120
Total amount = 500 + 120 = 620.
Answer: $620

Q3: What is the compound interest on $800 at 8% per year for 2 years?

Solution:
Compound interest = P (1 + r)t
−P
2
800(1 + 0.08) − 800 = 800(1.1664) − 800 = 933.12 − 800 = 133.12.
Answer: $133.12

Q4: Find the compound interest on $1,200 at 10% compounded annually for 3 years.

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 Solution:
Compound interest = 1200(1 + 0.10)3 − 1200
(

continue

Continuing from where we left off with the compound interest calculation:

10. Simple and Compound Interest (continued)

Q4: Find the compound interest on $1,200 at 10% compounded annually for 3 years.

Solution:
Compound interest = 1200(1 + 0.10)3 − 1200
= 1200(1.331) − 1200
= 1597.20 − 1200 = 397.20.
Answer: $397.20

Q5: If $1,000 is invested at an annual compound interest rate of 5% for 5 years, what is the total
amount?

Solution:
Total amount = P (1 + r)t
= 1000(1 + 0.05)5
= 1000(1.27628)
= 1276.28.
Answer: $1276.28

11. Word Problems

Q1: If a train travels 60 miles in 1 hour, how far will it travel in 3 hours?

Solution:
Distance = Speed × Time
= 60 miles/hour × 3 hours = 180 miles.
Answer: 180 miles

Q2: A person buys a shirt for $40 and sells it for $50. What is the profit percentage?

Solution:
Profit = Selling Price - Cost Price
= 50 − 40 = 10

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 Profit
Profit Percentage = Cost Price
​ × 100
= 10
40
​
× 100 = 25% .
Answer: 25%

Q3: A family spends $200 on groceries every week. How much do they spend in a year?

Solution:
Total spending in a year = Weekly Spending × Number of Weeks
= 200 × 52 = 10, 400.
Answer: $10,400

Q4: If a car's value depreciates by 20% every year and its initial value is $25,000, what will be its value
after 2 years?

Solution:
Value after 1 year = 25000 × (1 − 0.20) = 25000 × 0.80 = 20000
Value after 2 years = 20000 × (1 − 0.20) = 20000 × 0.80 = 16000.
Answer: $16,000

Q5: A recipe requires 2 cups of sugar for every 5 cups of flour. If you use 15 cups of flour, how much
sugar do you need?

Solution:
Using a proportion:
2 cups of sugar x cups of sugar
5 cups of flour
​ = 15 cups of flour
​

Cross-multiplying gives:
2 × 15 = 5 × x
30 = 5x
x = 6.
Answer: 6 cups of sugar

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