THE EFFECT OF LACK OF SLEEP

TO THE ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE OF GRADE 11
STUDENTS IN SULIVAN
NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

March 18, 2024

 1
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Students frequently encounter a variety of obstacles in their quest for academic

success, which may have an impact on their final outcome. Among these difficulties,
sleep deprivation has come to light as a major issue impacting kids' academic
performance. Sleep is a vital physiological activity that is important for maintaining
overall health, memory consolidation, and cognitive function. However, teenagers
frequently have insufficient sleep due to their strenuous academic schedules,
extracurricular activities, social obligations, and technological distractions. Like many
other schools, Sullivan National High School struggles with the problem of sleep
deprivation among its eleventh-grade students. In order to provide treatments that
support students' academic success and well-being, educators, parents, and legislators
must have a thorough understanding of the negative consequences that sleep
deprivation has on academic performance. The aim of this study is to examine the
connection between Sullivan National High School students in Grade 11's academic
performance and sleep deprivation.

This study intends to provide light on the difficulties students encounter and possible
solutions by measuring the degree of sleep deprivation and how it affects a number of
academic metrics, such as grades, attendance, and cognitive functioning. In order to
provide a thorough knowledge of the problem, the research will use a mixed-methods
approach, combining quantitative analysis of sleep patterns and academic
performance data with qualitative examination through surveys or interviews. We will
look for relationships between a variety of factors and academic performance,
including extracurricular activities, rituals for going to bed, length and quality of
sleep, and the usage of electronics before bed. It is anticipated that the results of this
study will add to the body of knowledge already available on the connection between
teenage academic performance and sleep.

Furthermore, the findings will educate all relevant parties—teachers, parents,

students, and school administrators—about the significance of getting enough sleep in
order to succeed academically. In conclusion, improving the sleep deprivation
problem among Sullivan National High School students in Grade 11 is essential for
fostering both their general wellbeing and academic success. Stakeholders can support
students in realising their full potential by implementing tailored interventions after
learning how sleep affects academic achievement.
 2
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Significant of the study The study on the effect of lack of sleep on the academic
performance of Grade 11 students at Sullivan National High School is significant for
several reasons:

Students: They are the primary beneficiaries. Improved sleep can lead to better
cognitive functions, memory, concentration, and overall academic performance.
Students might also experience enhanced mood and reduced stress, making learning
more enjoyable and efficient.
.
Parents and Guardians: When their children perform better academically and are
healthier and happier, it can alleviate parents' concerns and stress related to their
child's education and well-being.
.
Educators and Academic Institutions: Well-rested students are more engaged,
participate actively in class, and exhibit better behavior, creating a positive and
conducive learning environment. This can lead to higher teaching satisfaction and
potentially better school performance on educational metrics.
.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

According to Maheshwari G.& Shaukat F. (2019) Getting enough sleep is essential

for improving cognitive abilities, particularly memory retention. Students' physical,
mental, and academic health are impacted by inadequate sleep at night and the
ensuing daytime drowsiness. The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not
Pakistani medical students' low sleep quality contributes to their poor academic
performance. Methods: The study involved undergraduate medical students and was
cross-sectional and observational. The sleep quality was evaluated using the
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). By calculating each student's mean grade
point average (GPA), academic performance was evaluated.

Embang S. (2021) This study determined the effects of sleep deprivation on the
academic performance of second-year students at the University of Science and
Technology of Southern Philippines. Specifically, it seeks to answer the following
questions: (1) correlate and compare the difference between hours of sleep and

academic performance in Eng111 and Educ90; (2) differences in student mobility

related to sleep deprivation and demographic profile; and (3) the correlation between
hours of sleep and academic performance on cognitive, psychomotor/physical, and
environmental factors. A correlational descriptive research design was used in the
study. A census was used to collect data involving 122 respondents. A questionnaire
written by a researcher was used. The analytical design used includes statistical
procedures such as hypothesis testing, correlations, means, standard deviations, and
T-tests.The results showed that as the number of hours of sleep increased, students'
 3
academic results in Eng111 and Edu 90 improved. Additionally, there are significant
differences in subjects and scores. With all the variables considered in this study, it
can be inferred that without enough sleep, brain functions such as concentration, data
storage and other cognitive activities will be hindered. resistance and/or paralysis.

Blackson MC. (2018) Sleep deprivation affects the academic performance of online
college students, and students with family responsibilities and full-time jobs have
higher rates of sleep deprivation.This phenomenological study examines online
college students' experiences of their sleep habits, sleep deprivation, and the impact
on their academic performance.The theoretical foundation of this research is based on
the antagonistic processing model which explains two fundamental processes
necessary for individuals to function optimally: the homeostatic sleep-wake process
and the circadian rhythm process. The research question explored the beliefs and
perceptions of 10 online college students, while secondary questions focused on the
influence of distractions, social media, family, and related tasks to their work to their
sleeping habits. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants who were online
college students currently with full-time employment, family, and caregiving
responsibilities. Data were analyzed by pattern coding and structural analysis. Four
themes emerged from the data analysis: the effects of sleep deprivation, ways of
coping with daily life, factors influencing sleep deprivation, and impressions of online
education. The results showed that lack of sleep causes fatigue, slow thinking and
grumpy reactions. Positive social change can be achieved if all 10 participants engage
in creating an online college student community that will maintain an alumni base that
can foster mentorship and empowerment. others to reduce sleep deprivation, helping
to maintain good academic standards.

Vik, FN. et al (2022) Getting enough sleep is fundamental to a person's health and
well-being [1]. Sleep provides optimal conditions for cognitive development and
plays an important role in memory consolidation, which is necessary for
academicsuccess [2]. If academic performance declines because students feel sleepy,
the consequences can be dire in terms of competition for higher education and future
employment. Additionally, lack of sleep can lead to inequality among students, as
students who feel tired may lag behind other students in academic performance [3].
Although there are studies addressing the association between sleep and academic
performance internationally, new knowledge is needed due to the lack of research
evaluating this relationship in the Nordic context [4]. This is especially true since
there appears to be a change in the sleep patterns of young people [5] and negative
trends in academic performance in math and science are reported in Norwegian
students [6]. There is a need to analyze sleep trends in relation to student
performance. Additionally, there are significant methodological challenges in the
current literature
such as lack of representative samples [7]. Having a representative sample makes the
results more likely to be similar to the population and produces more reliable and
consistent results. Inferences from representative samples are also generalizable and
useful for educational policy.
Base on study of Short MA. et al (2013) An implicit assumption in much of the
literature is that the effects of sleep duration on mood and academic performance are
caused by sleepiness (National Institutes of Health [NIH], 1997). A meta-analysis of
 4
the effects of sleep on adolescents' academic performance found that sleepiness was
the best predictor of poor academic performance, more so than sleep duration or
quality (Dewald et al. al., 2009). Sleepiness has been associated with poor academic
performance and mood disorders in some studies, possibly due to the frequency of
microsleeping and napping during school hours (Gibson et al., 2006, Millman, 2005,
Mitru et al., 2002, Pagel et al., 2006). al., 2007, Schneiderson, 2000). The report of
the National Institutes of Health Task Force on Problematic Sleepiness (NIH, 1997)
reported association between drowsiness and difficulty concentrating, decreased
initiative, memory loss, and delayed recognition. wakefulness, slower motor
responses, and more working memory errors in adults and adolescents. Experimental
work has shown that the impact of sleep loss on sleepiness occurs before it affects
cognitive performance (Dinges et al., 1997). Therefore, numerous experimental and
cross-sectional studies support the notion that insufficient sleep leads to more
sleepiness and that more sleepiness leads to reduced academic performance.

Hampton TL. (2016) The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of sleep
on students' academic performance, as measured by students' self-reported grade point
average (GPA), and to examine whether there are differences between students.
graduates and college students or not. result. 136 students at Rowan University in
southern New Jersey, 61 graduate students and 75 undergraduates, were asked to
complete a short survey about their sleep habits,demographic information, and GPA.
reports and the average hours of sleep per night they received. Then, independent
two-way ANOVA was performed to analyze the information indicating the following
results. The amount of sleep a student receives has a very significant impact on their
GPA. It has been found that the more students sleep, the higher their GPA is. It is very
important that graduate students have a higher GPA than undergraduate students.
However, average sleep time per night was similar between the two student groups,
and the researcher found no significant interaction between grade level and sleep on
GPA.

And then Hershner S. (2020) Sleep affects academic performance. Previous studies
have focused on the negative effects of shorter sleep duration and poor sleep quality
on GPA. New sleep measures have emerged. Sleep consistency measures a student's
ability to wake up or fall asleep at the same time each day. Students who sleep more
regularly will have better academic results. Preference for morning activities and
earlier classes are associated with higher grades. Later start times in high school may
increase sleep time, but do not consistently increase GPA but do improve mood and
health. If a student is having difficulty learning, screening for sleep disorders is

essential. Devices are being developed that may allow students to better monitor their
sleep patterns, sleep regularity, chronotypes, and sleep behavior. For active students,
these devices can improve sleep behavior and academic performance. Schools should
develop sleep-friendly policies and interventions to promote healthy sleep for
students.

Siah PH.et al (2018) This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep
quality, resolute personality and academic performance of college students and
whether perseverance is a mediating factor affecting sleep quality on the academic
performance of university students in Malaysia. Particle scale, Pittsburgh Sleep
5
Quality Index (PSQI), grade point average (GPA), and grade point average (CGPA)
were used as measures in this study. 400 participants were recruited using purposive
sampling. Results showed a significant relationship between trait courage, PSQI, and
academic performance, and courage was a significant predictor of academic
performance, but not PSQI. However, sleep quality affects college students' levels of
courage, which in turn affects their academic performance. In other words, the results
obtained confirm the mediating effect of cereals on the relationship between sleep
quality and GPA, as well as the relationship between sleep quality and GPA. The
results show that even the bravest students will be affected by poor sleep quality. So,
their GPA and CGPA will be affected. Based on these findings, it is recommended
that programs be initiated to educate students about the importance of having good
sleep quality and various strategies to improve their sleep quality.This is to ensure that
their level of persistence and academic performance will not be affected.

And according to that Marhefka JK. (2011) During adolescence, there is a delay in the
sleep-wake cycle. Many parents and healthcare providers are unaware that once these
poor sleep habits are established, they can persist into adulthood. The first few hours
of school cause insomnia, causing daytime sleepiness cycles, which can affect mood
and behavior and increase the risk of accidents or injuries.These sleep-deprived habits
formed in adolescence can often lead to problems during the college years. Sleep
hygiene can be initiated to help break this cycle, along with education and a strict diet.
Monitoring sleep deprivation in all adolescents and college students is imperative to
improve their mental and academic health.

Finally, Muro SM. et al (2023) The start of college brings with it maturational,
psychosocial, and academic changes that make college students more likely to
experience sleep deprivation or poor quality sleep, which can have a negative impact.
to their learning outcomes. The exam period is an important period of the school year.
However, very few studies analyze sleep during this period. Our aim was to
investigate the association between sleep quality and sleep deprivation with academic
performance during exam time. A descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study
was carried out with the participation of 640 subjects in the first three years of five
faculties of the Autonomous University of Madrid. The instrument used included a
questionnaire that included academic and sociodemographic data, the Pittsburgh Sleep
Quality Index, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and information on academic
performance. During exam times, a positive association was found between sleep
quality and academic performance. College students sleep less than desired both
during the week and on weekends, and sleep deprivation during the week is associated
with poorer perceptions of their academic performance.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

According to planners are always drawn to learners' academic achievement. Adeyemo

(2018) believed that schools primarily aim at working towards attaining academic
excellence by students, while Fadare (2012) opined that the school might have other
 peripheral objectives, but the emphasis is always placed on the attainment of thorough
scholarship. Besides, almost everybody concerned with education places a premium

6
on academic performance; majorly, students excellent academic performance is the
parents expectation.

Another study from the same year emphasized the impact of sleep on academic
performance, where shorter sleep duration and poor sleep quality negatively
influenced GPA. The study also introduced novel sleep measures such as sleep
consistency, which measures how likely a student is to be awake or asleep at the same
time each day

Investigating factors that could aid the academic performance of tertiary education
students is recently a topic of growing interest in higher education circles. Many
studies were carried out to explore factors affecting university students' academic
performance

Akinfolaju (2012) reported learning abilities, gender and race as varying factors that
affect students academic performance. Family income level, attending school on a
full-time basis and receiving grants that would be paid back after school have
statistically significant effects on higher education students' academic performance
(Adevanju 2020).The students' socio-economic status is also one of the most debated
factors among educational professionals as an essential determinant of the academic
performance of students pursuing higher education. It is always argued that low socio-
economic status negatively affects students' academic performance because as their
basic needs remain unfulfilled, their academic performance will automatically reduce.
The low socio-economic status may cause environmental deficiencies, resulting in
low self- esteem in students, according to a US Department of Education report in
2003.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

STUDENTS’
. LACK OF
ACADEMIC
SLEEP
PERFORMANCE
 7
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to investigate if not sleeping enough affects how well Grade 11
students at Sullivan National High School. Specifically, it seeks to determine the
extent to which sleep deprivation affects students' grades, attendance, and overall
academic success.

1. How does the amount of sleep Grade 11 students at Sullivan National High School
get on average affect their academic grades?

2. What is the relationship between sleep deprivation and attendance rates among
Grade 11 students at Sullivan National High School?

3. To what extent does insufficient sleep impact the overall academic success of
Grade 11 students at Sullivan National High School?

HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY

Null Hypothesis (H0): There is no discernible correlation between pupils' academic

achievement in Grade 11 at Sullivan National High School and sleep deprivation.

Alternative Hypothesis (H1): Students at Sulivan National High School in Grade 11

exhibit a statistically significant negative correlation between sleep deprivation and
academic performance.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

1.Academic Performance- Academic performance refers to how students deal with

their studies and how they cope with or accomplish different tasks given to them by
their teachers.

2.Lack of Sleep (Sleep Deprivation)-Lack of sleep, or sleep deprivation, occurs

when an individual does not get enough sleep to feel awake and alert. This can vary
from person to person, but generally, teenagers are recommended to get between 8 to
10 hours of sleep per night.

3.Senior High Students-Senior high students, often referred to as high school

students in many countries, typically range in age from about 16 to 18 years old and
are enrolled in the final years of their secondary education.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS

This study will focus on The effect of lack of sleep to the academic performance of
grade 11 students in sulivan national high school.The research will conduct a survey
among grade 11 students within sulivan national high school