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    Operators in C

    Uploaded by

    Bantu Sai Manaswini

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Operators in C

    Uploaded by

    Bantu Sai Manaswini
    6 views6 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    6 views6 pages

    Operators in C

    Uploaded by

    Bantu Sai Manaswini

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    In C programming, operators are symbols used to perform operations on variables and

    values. They are divided into several categories, each serving different purposes. Below is
    an explanation of various operators in C with examples.

    1. Arithmetic Operators

    Arithmetic operators are used to perform common mathematical operations like addition,
    subtraction, multiplication, etc.

    Operator Description Example

    + Addition a + b (adds a and b)

    - Subtraction a - b (subtracts b from a)

    * Multiplication a * b (multiplies a by b)

    / Division a / b (divides a by b)

    % Modulus (Remainder) a % b (gives remainder of a divided by


    b)

    Example:

    #include <stdio.h>

    int main() {
    int a = 10, b = 3;
    printf("Addition: %d\n", a + b); // Output: 13
    printf("Subtraction: %d\n", a - b); // Output: 7
    printf("Multiplication: %d\n", a * b);// Output: 30
    printf("Division: %d\n", a / b); // Output: 3
    printf("Modulus: %d\n", a % b); // Output: 1
    return 0;
    }

    2. Relational Operators

    Relational operators are used to compare values. The result of a relational operation is
    either true (1) or false (0).

    Operator Description Example


    == Equal to a == b (checks if a is equal to b)

    != Not equal to a != b (checks if a is not equal to


    b)

    > Greater than a > b (checks if a is greater than


    b)

    < Less than a < b (checks if a is less than b)

    >= Greater than or equal a >= b


    to

    <= Less than or equal to a <= b

    Example:

    #include <stdio.h>

    int main() {
    int a = 5, b = 10;
    printf("a == b: %d\n", a == b); // Output: 0 (false)
    printf("a != b: %d\n", a != b); // Output: 1 (true)
    printf("a > b: %d\n", a > b); // Output: 0 (false)
    printf("a < b: %d\n", a < b); // Output: 1 (true)
    return 0;
    }

    3. Logical Operators

    Logical operators are used to combine two or more conditions.

    Operator Description Example

    && Logical AND (a > b) && (a


    < c)

    ` `

    ! Logical NOT !(a == b)

    Example:

    c
    #include <stdio.h>

    int main() {
    int a = 5, b = 10;
    printf("Logical AND: %d\n", (a < b) && (b > 5)); // Output: 1
    (true)
    printf("Logical OR: %d\n", (a > b) || (b > 5)); // Output: 1
    (true)
    printf("Logical NOT: %d\n", !(a == b)); // Output: 1
    (true)
    return 0;
    }

    4. Bitwise Operators

    Bitwise operators are used to perform bit-level operations on data.

    Operator Description Example

    & Bitwise AND a & b

    ` ` Bitwise OR

    ^ Bitwise XOR a ^ b

    ~ Bitwise NOT ~a

    << Left Shift a << 2

    >> Right Shift a >> 2

    Example:

    #include <stdio.h>

    int main() {
    int a = 5, b = 3;
    printf("Bitwise AND: %d\n", a & b); // Output: 1
    printf("Bitwise OR: %d\n", a | b); // Output: 7
    printf("Bitwise XOR: %d\n", a ^ b); // Output: 6
    printf("Left Shift: %d\n", a << 1); // Output: 10
    printf("Right Shift: %d\n", a >> 1); // Output: 2
    return 0;
    }

    5. Assignment Operators

    Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables.

    Operator Description Example

    = Assigns right operand to left operand a = b

    += Adds right operand to left operand and assigns the a += b (same as a =


    result a + b)

    -= Subtracts right operand from left operand a -= b

    *= Multiplies and assigns a *= b

    /= Divides and assigns a /= b

    %= Modulus and assigns a %= b

    Example:

    #include <stdio.h>

    int main() {
    int a = 5, b = 3;
    a += b; // Equivalent to a = a + b
    printf("a += b: %d\n", a); // Output: 8
    a -= b; // Equivalent to a = a - b
    printf("a -= b: %d\n", a); // Output: 5
    return 0;
    }

    6. Increment and Decrement Operators

    These operators are used to increase or decrease the value of a variable by 1.

    Operator Descriptio Example


    n
    ++ Increment a++ (post-increment), ++a
    (pre-increment)

    -- Decrement a-- (post-decrement), --a


    (pre-decrement)

    Example:

    #include <stdio.h>

    int main() {
    int a = 5;
    printf("Post-increment: %d\n", a++); // Output: 5 (increment
    happens after)
    printf("Value after post-increment: %d\n", a); // Output: 6
    printf("Pre-increment: %d\n", ++a); // Output: 7 (increment
    happens before)
    return 0;
    }

    7. Conditional (Ternary) Operator

    The ternary operator is a shorthand for if-else conditions.

    Operator Descriptio Example


    n

    ? : Conditional (a > b) ? a : b (returns a if a > b,


    otherwise b)

    Example:

    #include <stdio.h>

    int main() {
    int a = 5, b = 10;
    int max = (a > b) ? a : b; // Find maximum of a and b
    printf("Maximum: %d\n", max); // Output: 10
    return 0;
    }
    8. Sizeof Operator

    The sizeof operator is used to determine the size of a data type or a variable in bytes.

    Example:

    #include <stdio.h>

    int main() {
    int a;
    printf("Size of int: %lu\n", sizeof(a)); // Output: 4 (on most
    systems)
    printf("Size of char: %lu\n", sizeof(char)); // Output: 1
    return 0;
    }

    These are the main operators used in C, each serving a specific role in manipulating data
    and controlling program flow.

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