1.
Basic Definitions and Set Notation
Q1: What is the difference between a finite set and an infinite set?
A1:
A finite set has a limited number of elements. Example: .
An infinite set has no end to its elements. Example: The set of natural numbers .
Q2: What is a null set or empty set?
A2:
The null set or empty set has no elements and is denoted by or . Example: The set of all even
numbers less than 1 is .
2. Subsets and Power Sets
Q3: If , list all the subsets of .
A3:
The subsets of are:
\emptyset, \{1\}, \{2\}, \{3\}, \{1, 2\}, \{1, 3\}, \{2, 3\}, \{1, 2, 3\}
Q4: What is a power set?
A4:
The power set of a set is the set of all possible subsets of .
Example: If , the power set .
3. Set Operations
Q5: If and , find (intersection).
A5:
A \cap B = \{2, 3\}
Q6: Find (union) for the same sets and .
A6:
A \cup B = \{1, 2, 3, 4\}
Q7: Find (difference) for the same sets.
A7:
A – B = \{1\}
4. Venn Diagrams
Q8: Use a Venn diagram to illustrate the intersection and union of two sets.
A8:
The intersection is the overlap of the two circles.
The union covers both circles, including the overlap.
(Use diagrams when possible to visualize.)
5. Cartesian Product
Q9: Find the Cartesian product for and .
A9:
A \times B = \{(1, x), (1, y), (2, x), (2, y)\}
6. Laws of Set Theory
Q10: State and explain De Morgan’s laws.
A10:
De Morgan’s laws state:
1.
2.
These laws describe how negation distributes over union and intersection.
7. Cardinality of Sets
Q11: What is the cardinality of the set ?
A11:
The cardinality of (denoted ) is the number of elements in the set.
|A| = 4
Q12: What is the cardinality of the power set of ?
A12:
P(A) = \{\emptyset, \{1\}, \{2\}, \{1, 2\}\}
8. Membership and Inclusion
Q13: If , is ? Is ?
A13:
(Yes, 2 is an element of ).
(Yes, the set containing 2 is a subset of ).
These questions and answers should help you grasp the core concepts of set theory. Let me
know if you’d like any further clarifications!
Here are Section B questions on set theory. These questions are slightly more advanced and
require deeper understanding and application of set theory concepts:
1. Proofs and Set Identities
Q1: Prove that using set identities.
2. Relations and Cartesian Product
Q2: If and , find the Cartesian product . How many elements does the Cartesian product
contain?
3. De Morgan’s Laws Application
Q3: Verify De Morgan’s law:
\neg(A \cap B) = \neg A \cup \neg B
4. Power Set and Subsets
Q4: If , list the power set and find its cardinality.
5. Set Operations and Cardinality
Q5: If , , and , find .
6. Symmetric Difference
Q6: Define the symmetric difference of two sets and . If and , find .
7. Venn Diagram Problems
Q7: In a survey of 100 students, 60 study Mathematics, 45 study Physics, and 25 study both
subjects. How many students study:
(a) Only Mathematics?
(b) Only Physics?
© Neither Mathematics nor Physics?
8. Membership Testing
Q8: Given that and , determine if:
(a)
(b)
©
9. Infinite Sets and Countability
Q9: Prove that the set of natural numbers is countable.
10. Disjoint Sets
Q10: Define disjoint sets. If and , are the sets and disjoint? Justify your answer.
These Section B questions cover concepts like proofs, relations, symmetric difference,
cardinality, and Venn diagrams. They are designed to test both theoretical understanding and
problem-solving skills. Let me know if you need detailed solutions to any of these questions!
