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Module1: Professionalism, Values and Ethics in Profession (6hrs)

Professionalism: Professional characteristics, professional education, professional development in Industry.


Values and Ethics in Profession- Value system- goodness, means and ends; Ethics-ethical premises,
expectation, conflicts and practices; Moral and ego, Ethics and morality Right, virtue ethics and justice, utility
and justice, privacy, challenges to privacy, privacy on the Internet. Professional Ethics–Definition of Ethics,
Professional Ethics, Business Ethics, Corporate Ethics, Engineering Ethics, Personal Ethics; Code of Ethics as
defined in the website of Institution of Engineers(India); Profession, Professionalism, Professional
Responsibility, professional Ethics; Conflict of Interest, Gift Vs Bribery, Environmental breaches, Negligence,
Deficiencies in state-of-the-art; Vigil , Whistle blowing, protected disclosures.

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❖ Professionalism: Constituting those attitude and behaviors that serve to maintain patient interest above
physician self-interest. Professionalism is a set of characteristics that displays your ability to be a
hardworking, dependable and respectful individual in formal settings.

Characteristics

True professionals have several crucial traits that apply to almost every industry. Some of them are:

1. Ethics – Doctors, lawyers, and public accountants must follow a robust code of professional ethics. It
would be best if it acted ethically, regardless of whether the business or sector has a formal code.
2. Reliability – It is also critical to return messages quickly and keep your word when you commit. Meeting
expectations necessitates having strong communication skills. Always be cautious while making
assumptions.
3. Competence – Professionals aspire to become experts in their sector, distinguishing themselves from the
competition, extending their education by enrolling in classes, attending conferences, and earning relevant
professional credentials.
4. Appearance – When meeting prospects or clients, pay close attention to how you seem and take style cues
from their dress. Be careful to adhere to or even exceed your company’s dress code requirements.
5. Accountability – Professionals are always responsible for their conduct. If there is a mistake, own up to it
and try to resolve it. Avoid attempting to blame a co-worker. Instead, accept the need for a compromise
when it arises and use the experience to improve.
6. Communication – One of the essential traits of a professional is effective communication. Communication
is listening intently, understanding it effectively, and efficiently expressing a message. Professionals have
an excellent grasp of language, which they use to communicate ideas.

Difference Between Profession And Professionalism


While a profession is a career or occupation that allows a person to earn a living, professionalism
encompasses every facet of a profession’s practice. Crucial differences between the two are:
Profession Professionalism

It is a field of study or a career. It is a set of accepted behavior at the workplace.

It is limited and specified to particular fields. However, it applies to any job.

Example – showing respect, working on time, and


Examples are medicine, law, and accounting.
accepting accountability.

Professional education is a formal specialized training about a particular profession in which learners are
taught the central concepts, principles, and techniques, and how these are applied in real practice, and the
learners also acquire the necessary competencies needed for proper practice and behaviour.
What is Professional Development?

Professional development is gaining new skills through continuing education and career training after entering
the workforce. It can include taking classes or workshops, attending professional or industry conferences, or
earning a certificate to expand your knowledge in your chosen field.

Some companies offer in-house opportunities for professional development, such as training sessions or
mentoring programs, but many professional development programs are done independently.

Benefits of Professional Development for Employers


1. Professional development can be instrumental in growing a stronger team.
Employers who encourage their employees to seek out professional development opportunities are in turn
encouraging higher productivity and job satisfaction.

2. Higher Retention Rates


According to a Business News Daily article, businesses should offer professional development opportunities
to their employees to improve potential turnover.
Professional development can help to bolster employees’ confidence in their work. Greater confidence can, in
turn, translate into higher overall job satisfaction, employee performance, productivity, and overall morale.
Investing in professional development training programs also shows employees that their company is invested
in their success and interested in cultivating their advancement.

3. Attract Better Talent


It can be challenging to find — and retain — talented employees. Offering professional development
opportunities can help employers fill open positions by attracting and retaining skilled employees.
According to talent management platform Clear Company, 74 percent of employees say that a lack of
professional development opportunities are preventing them from reaching their full potential.
Additionally, 94 percent of employees would stay longer at a company if it invested in staff development.
Employers offering these benefits are more likely to attract potential employees who are interested in striving
for excellence and pursuing advancement.
Investing in professional development for employees can grow an existing team’s skills and entice new talent
to join with the incentive of a clear learning and development plan.

4. Help Employees Stay Up to Date With Industry Trends to Keep Skills Sharp
Industry trends move rapidly, and it’s important for companies to keep pace with the times. Ongoing
professional development can prevent potential stagnation by maintaining — and improving — employee
skills.
Look for programs that will help you stay up to date, such as those for agile leadership for hybrid work, or
for innovation strategy.
5. Employees engaged in professional development are also more likely to stay engaged in their work
and to be enthusiastic about pursuing their goals.

Benefits of Professional Development for Employees


From gaining confidence in your abilities to building potential for advancement, professional development
offers employees many benefits for not only your career, but your personal goals as well.
Learn new skills
Through professional development, you may hone both hard and soft skills in your work. Hard skills pertain
to job-specific knowledge you can obtain through formal training or education. Soft skills are personal
competencies, such as effective communication or the skills that contribute to emotional intelligence.
Developing both types of skills is important to reaching your professional goals — and even some of your
personal ones.
1. Boost Confidence and Credibility
Adding additional skills or certification from a professional development program to your resume is one way
to boost your confidence in your skills and show your credibility to employers.
Professional development opportunities can expose both new and experienced professionals to new ideas and
expertise. Seeking out these opportunities shows ambition and the space to practice those new competencies.
2. Develop Leadership Skills
A confident employee is also likely an enthusiastic employee. If you take the step to grow and develop your
skills, the incentive to seek out additional opportunities can continue to expand along with it.
If you are an employee who wants to advance your career but isn’t sure how to do so, professional
development can encourage you to put your hand up for leadership opportunities you may not have sought out
otherwise.

3. Build Your Network


Professional development can provide many opportunities for networking. Workshops, conferences, classes,
and webinars are all spaces in which professionals can meet new people within their industry and make new
connections.
These connections can lead to new opportunities, mentorship, and support which may provide the next
stepping stone in your career.

4. Advance in your career


A well-qualified employee attracts employer attention. Employees who are invested in professional
development display commitment to their work and an interest in continuing to improve.
Professional development can also boost your earning potential by increasing your value through obtaining
credentials, certifications, and designations.

CODE OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS


Professionally accepted standards of personal and business behaviour, values and guiding principles. Codes
of professional ethics are often established by professional organizations to help to guide members in
performing their job functions according to sound and consistent ethical principles Professional ethics may
be understood as professionally acknowledged measures of individual and business conduct, values, and
guiding principles. Professional ethics is nothing but a code of conduct applicable to different professions
and is set up by the expert members of such profession or professional organizations. The underlying
philosophy of having professional ethics is to make the persons performing in such jobs to follow the sound,
uniform ethical conduct. Hippocratic Oath undertaken by medical students is one such example of
professional ethics that is adhered by even today.
Some of the important components of professional ethics that professional organizations necessarily include
in their code of conduct are integrity, honesty, transparency, respectfulness towards the job,
confidentiality, objectivity etc.

Need for Professional Ethics


Professional ethics are accepted standards of personal and business behaviour, values and guiding principles.
Codes of professional ethics are established by professional organizations to help to guide members in
performing their job functions according to sound and consistent ethical principles. Professional ethics is set
up by the expert members of such profession or professional organizations. The underlying philosophy of
having professional ethics is to make the persons performing in such jobs to follow the sound, uniform
ethical conduct. Professional organizations necessarily include components like integrity, honesty,
transparency, respectfulness towards the job, confidentiality, objectivity etc. in their code of conduct.

I TEACHERS AND THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES

Whoever adopts teaching as a profession assumes the obligation to conduct himself / herself in accordance
with the ideal of the profession. A teacher is constantly under the scrutiny of his / her students and the
society at large. Therefore, every teacher should see that there is no incompatibility between his precepts
and practice. The national ideals of education which have already been set forth and which he/she should
seek to inculcate among students must be his/her own ideals. The profession further requires that the
teachers should be calm, patient and communicative by temperament and amiable in disposition.
Teachers should:
1. Adhere to a responsible pattern of conduct and demeanour expected of them by the community.
2. Manage their private affairs in a manner consistent with the dignity of the profession.
3. Seek to make professional growth continuous through study and research.
4. Express free and frank opinion by participation at professional meetings, seminars, conferences etc.
towards the contribution of knowledge,
5. Maintain active membership of professional organisations and strive to improve education and profession
through them.
6. Perform their duties in the form of teaching, tutorial, practical, seminar and research work
conscientiously and with dedication.
7. Co-operate and assist in carrying out functions relating to the educational responsibilities of the college
and the university such as assisting in appraising applications for admission, advising and counselling
students as well as assisting the conduct of university and college examinations, including supervision,
invigilation and evaluation, and
8. Participate in extension, co-curricular and extra-curricular activities including community service

II TEACHERS AND THE STUDENTS Teachers should:


1. Respect the right and dignity of the student in expressing his/her opinion,
2. Deal justly and impartially with students regardless of their religion, caste, political economic, social and
physical characteristics.
3. Re-organise the difference in aptitude and capabilities among students and strive to meet their individual
needs.
4. Encourage students to improve their attainments, develop their personalities and at the same time
contribute to community welfare.
5. Inculcate among students scientific outlook and respect for physical labour and ideals of democracy,
patriotism and peace.
6. Be affectionate to the students and not behave in a vindictive manner towards any of them for any
reason.
7. Pay attention to only the attainment of the student in the assessment of merit.
8. Make themselves available to the students even beyond their class hours and help and guide students
without any remuneration or reward.
9. Aid students to develop an understanding of our national heritage and national goals, and
10. Refrain from inciting students against other students, colleagues or administration,

III TEACHERS AND COLLEAGUES Teachers should:


1. Treat other members of the profession in the same manner as they themselves wish to be treated.
2. Speak respectfully of other teachers and render assistance for professional betterment.
3. Refrain from lodging unsubstantiated allegations against colleagues to higher authorities, and
4. Refrain from allowing considerations of caste, creed, religion, race or sex in their professional endeavor.

IV TEACHERS AND AUTHORITIES Teachers should:


1. Discharge their professional responsibilities according to the existing rules and adhere to procedures and
methods consistent with their profession in initiating steps through their own institutional bodies and/or
professional organisations for change of any such rule detrimental to the professional interest.
2. Refrain from undertaking any other employment and commitment including private tutions and coaching
classes which are likely to interfere with their professional responsibilities.
3. Co-operate in the formulation of policies of the institution by accepting various offices and discharge
responsibilities which such offices may demand.
4. Co-operate through their organisations in the formulation of policies of the other institutions and accept
offices.
5. Co-operate with the authorities for the betterment of the institutions keeping in view the interest and
conformity with dignity of the profession.
6. Should adhere to the conditions of contract.
7. Give and expect due notice before a change of position is made, and
8. Refrain from availing themselves of leave except in unavoidable grounds and as far as practicable with
prior intimation, keeping in view their particular responsibility for completion of academic schedule.

V TEACHERS AND NON-TEACHING STAFF


1. Teachers should treat the non-teaching staff as colleagues and equal partners in a cooperative
undertaking, within every educational institution, and2.
2. Teachers should help in the function in joint staff-councils covering both teachers and the nonteaching
staff.

VI TEACHERS AND GUARDIANS Teachers should:


Try to see through teachers’ bodies and organisations, that institutions maintain contact with the guardians,
their students, send reports of their performance to the guardians whenever necessary and meet the
guardians in meetings convened for the purpose for mutual exchange of ideas and for the benefit of the
institution.
VII TEACHERS AND SOCIETY Teachers should:
1 Recognize that education is a public service and strive to keep the public informed of the educational
programmes which are being provided
2. Work to improve education in the community and strengthen the community’s moral and intellectual life.
3. Be aware opf social problems and take part in such activities as woul be conducive to the progress of
society and hence the country as a whole.
4. Perform the duties of citizenship, participate in community activities and shoulder responsibilities of public
offices.
5. Refrain from taking part in or subscribing to or assisting in any way activities which tend to promote
feeling of hatred or enimity among different communities, religions or linguistic groups but actively work for
national integration.

Means Values, ends values, and ultimate values

Personal value systems are shaped by a variety of factors, including upbringing, cultural background,
education, and personal experiences. They may include a range of values, such as honesty, integrity,
compassion, fairness, respect, or achievement

Values tend to be hierarchically arranged. This may be shown through use of the concepts of means values
and ends values. As the words themselves imply, means values are instrumental values in that they are sought
as part of the effort to achieve other values. Ends values are both more general and more important in the eyes
of the groups who are doing the valuing.
Thus, if health is a value, then the maintenance of good nutrition, the securing of proper rest and the avoidance
of carcinogenic and mind-destroying substances all become means to that end.
The distinction between means values and ends values is a matter of logic and relates to the context of a
particular discussion. When the context shifts, so also may change the definition of particular values as means
values or ends values.
To a narcotics agent, the avoidance of hallucinogenic substances might be defined as an end in itself requiring
no further justification.
To a religious person, health might not be an end in itself but only a means to the continued worship of the
deity. One additional distinction may be useful that implied in the concept of ultimate values.

The concept of ultimate value is arrived at by following the same logical procedures used in distinguishing
between means values and end values, and continuing the process until it can be pursued no further. If good
nutrition is sought as a means to health, health as a means to longevity, and long life to permit one to be of
service to God, is there any higher or more ultimate value than service to the deity? Regardless of which way
the question is answered, it is obvious that one is about to arrive at an ultimate value that can no longer be
justified in terms of other values.

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