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Chapter 4 Matrices
Lesson 4-1 Introduction to Matrices
Pages 156–158

1. The matrices must have the 2. Sample answers:

same dimensions and each row matrix, [1 2 3], 1 " 3;
element of one matrix must 1
be equal to the corresponding column matrix, B R, 2 " 1;
2
element of the other matrix. 1 2
square matrix, B R, 2 " 2;
3 4
0 0
zero matrix, B R, 2"2
0 0
3. Corresponding elements are 4. 1 " 5
elements in the same row
and column positions.
5. 3 " 4 6. (5, 6)
7. (3, 3) 8. Fri Sat Sun Mon Tue
High 88 88 90 86 85
B R
Low 54 54 56 53 52
9. 2 " 5 10. 2 " 3
11. 3 " 1 12. 4 " 3
13. 3 " 3 14. 2 " 5
15. 3 " 2 16. (2.5, 1, 3)

17. a3, ! b
1
18. (5, 3)
3
19. (3, !5, 6) 20. (2, !5)
21. (4, !3) 22. (1.5, 3)
23. (14, 15) 24. (!2, 7)
25. (5, 3, 2) 26. Evening Matinee Twilight
Adult 7.50 5.50 3.75
Child C 4.50 4.50 3.75 S
Senior 5.50 5.50 3.75

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27. 3 " 3 28. Cost Service Atmosphere Location

Catalina Grill

≥ ***
** * *
** ¥
*
Oyster Club
** *
Casa di Pasta
**** *** *** ***
Mason’s
Steakhouse
** **** **** ***

29. Sample answer: Mason’s 30. Weekday Weekend

Steakhouse; it was given the Single 60 79
highest rating possible for Double C 70 89 S
service and atmosphere,
location was given one of the Suite 75 95
highest ratings, and it is
moderately priced.
31. Single Double Suite 32. 1 3 6 10 15 21
Weekday 60 70 75 2 5 9 14 20 27
B R
Weekend 79 89 95 4 8 13 19 26 34
G 7 12 18 25 33 42W
11 17 24 32 41 51
16 23 31 40 50 61
22 30 39 49 60 72
33. row 6, column 9 34. Matrices are used to
organize information so it
can be read and compared
more easily. Answers should
include the following.
• If you want the least
expensive vehicle, the
compact SUV has the best
price; the large SUV has
the most horsepower,
towing capacity and cargo
space, and the standard
SUV has the best fuel
economy.
• Sample answer: Matrices
are used to report stock
prices in the newspaper.
35. B 36. C
37. (7, 5, 4) 38. (7, 3, !9)

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39. a!3, 5, !11b

4 3
40. y
y"x !2 y " #2x ! 15

y"3
x
O

vertices: (1, 3), (6, 3), a , b;

13 19
3 3

max: f a , b
13 19 83
# ,
3 3 3
min: f (1, 3)#11
41. 42. 3
! 12

vertices: (3, 1), a , b,

15 5
2 2 vertices: (2, 1), (6, 3);
a , b;
3 17 min: f(2, 1) # 1,
2 2 no maximum
max: f a , b # 35,
.
15 5
2 2

min: f a , b # !1
3 17
2 2
43. 44. step function
6
5
Cost ($)

4
3
2
1

0 1 2 3 4 5
Hours

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45. $4.50 46. 2

47. 2 48. 0
49. 20 50. 3
51. !10 52. 6.2
53. !18 54. 17
55. !3 56. 75
3
57.
2

Lesson 4-2 Operations with Matrices

Pages 163–166

1. They must have the same 2. Sample answer: [!3 1],

dimensions. [3 !1]
4 4
3. C 4 4 S 4. impossible
4 4
1 10 18 !3 15 6
5. B R 6. B R
!7 5 21 9 !6 24
!22 8 10 6
7. B R 8. B R
3 24 !1 7
!21 29 !3 30
9. B R 10. B R
12 !22 26 11
16,763 549,499 1,006,372
14,620 477,960 883,123
11. Males # E14,486 455,305U, 12. E 795,785U
9041 321,416 579,002
5234 83,411 216,646
16,439 456,873
14,545 405,163
Females # E12,679 340,480U
7931 257,586
5450 133,235

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10
13. No; many schools offer the 14. C !4 S
same sport for males and 5
females, so those schools
would be counted twice.
15 0 4
15. impossible 16. B R
0 13 !5
!4 8 !2
17. C 6 !10 !16 S 18. [15 !29 65 !2]
!14 !12 4
!13 1.8 9.08
19. C !3 S 20. C 3.18 31.04 S
23 10.41 56.56
!4 !15
1.5 3
21. B R 22. C 3 S
4.5 9 !2
2
1
!52 3 9 13 10
23. C S 24. C 4 7S
2 2 1
10 1 !2 7 !5
3 3 2
!2 !1 0 16
25. C 4 !1 S 26. C !8 20 S
!7 !4 28 !4
38 4 !12 !13
27. C 32 !6 S 28. C 3 !8 S
18 42 13 37
2
2 4 120 97 64 75
3
29. D 1 5T 30. Friday: C 80 59 36 60 S ,
6 !1 72 84 29 48
112 87 56 74
Saturday: C 84 65 39 70 S
88 98 43 60

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232 184 120 149 !8 !10 !8 !1

31. C 164 124 75 130 S 32. C 4 6 3 10 S
160 182 72 108 16 14 14 12
245 15
228 41
33. E319U 34. E35U
227 27
117 51
35. 1996, floods; 1997, floods; 36. Residents:
1998, floods; 1999, Child Adult
tornadoes; 2000, lightning Before 6 3.00 4.50
B R
After 6 2.00 3.50
Nonresidents:
Child Adult
Before 6 4.50 6.75
B R
After 6 3.00 5.25
1.50 2.25
37. B R 38. Before 6:00:
1.00 1.75 Child Adult
Residents 3.00 4.50
B R
Nonresidents 4.50 6.75
After 6:00:
Child Adult
Residents 2.00 3.50
B R
Nonresidents 3.00 5.25
1.00 1.00
39. B R 40.
1.50 1.50
0.5 0.75 3 1 1.5 6
2B R# B R
1 4 0.1 2 8 0.2
41. You can use matrices to track 42. D
dietary requirements and add
them to find the total each
day or each week. Answers
should include the following.
566 18 7
• Breakfast # C 482 12 17 S ,
530 10 11

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785 22 19
Lunch # C 622 23 20 S ,
710 26 12
1257 40 26
Dinner # C 987 32 45 S
1380 29 38
• Add the three matrices:

£ 2091 67 82 § .
2608 80 52

2620 65 61
43. A 44. 2 " 2
45. 1 " 4 46. 2 " 4
47. 3 " 3 48. 3 " 2
49. 4 " 3 50. (3, !4, 0)

52. a , 6, ! b
1 1
51. (5, 3, 7)
4 6

53. (2, 5) 54. (!3, 1)

55. (6, !1) 56. 0.30p $ 0.15s % 6
57. 58. No, it would cost $6.30.

59. Multiplicative Inverse 60. Associative Prop. ($)

61. Distributive Property 62. Commutative Prop. (")

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Lesson 4-3 Multiplying Matrices

Pages 171–174

1. Sample answer: 2. Never; the inner dimensions

1 2 will never be equal.
7 8
C3 4S ! B R
9 10
5 6
3. The Right Distributive 4. 3 " 2

1A $ B2C # AC $ BC, but

Property says that

AC $ BC & CA $ CB since
the Commutative Property
does not hold for matrix
multiplication in most cases.
5. undefined 6. [19 15]
15 !5 20
7. B R 8. not possible
24 !8 32
24
9. B R 10. yes
41 A(BC)
2 !1 !4 1 3 2
#B R ! ¢B R!B R≤
3 5 8 0 !1 2
2 !1 !13 !6
#B R!B R
3 5 24 16
!50 !28
#B R
81 62
(AB)C
2 !1 !4 1 3 2
# ¢B R! B R≤! B R
3 5 8 0 !1 2
!16 2 3 2
#B R!B R
28 3 !1 2
!50 !28
#B R
81 62

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350 280
11. [45 55 65], C 320 165 S 12. $74,525
180 120
13. 4 " 2 14. 2 " 2
15. undefined 16. 1 " 5
17. undefined 18. 3 " 5
8 !11
19. [6] 20. B R
22 12
!39
21. not possible 22. B R
18
1 !25 2
23. B R 24. not possible
29 1 !30
24 16 0 64 !40
25. C !32 !5 S 26. C 9 11 !11 S
!48 !11 !3 39 !23
27. yes 28. yes
AC $ BC c (AB)
1 !2 5 1 1 !2 !5 2
#B R! B R$ # 3¢B R!B R≤
4 3 2 !4 4 3 4 3
!5 2 5 1 !13 !4
B R! B R # 3B R
4 3 2 !4 !8 17
1 9 !21 !13 !39 !12
#B R$B R #B R
26 !8 26 !8 !24 51
!20 !4 A(cB)
#B R
52 !16 1 !2 !5 2
#B R ! ¢3 B R≤
(A $ B)C 4 3 4 3
# ¢B
1 !2
R $ B
!5 2
R≤ ! B
5 1
R 1 !2 !15 6
4 3 4 3 2 !4 #B RB R
4 3 12 9
!4 0 5 1
#B R!B R !39 !12
8 6 2 !4 #B R
!24 51
!20 !4
#B R
52 !16

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29. no 30. no
C (A $ B) ABC
5 1 1 !2 !5 2 1 !2 !5 2 5 1
#B R ! ¢B R$B R≤ #B R!B R!B R
2 !4 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 2 !4

5 1 !4 0 !13 !4 5 1
#B R!B R #B R!B R
2 !4 8 6 !8 17 2 !4
!12 6 !73 3
#B R #B R
!40 !24 !6 !76
AC $ BC CBA
5 1 !5 2 1 !2
1 !2 5 1 #B R!B R!B R
#B R!B R$ 2 !4 4 3 4 3
4 3 2 !4
!21 13 1 !2
!5 2 5 1 #B R!B R
B R!B R !26 !8 4 3
4 3 2 !4
31 81
1 9 !21 !13 #B R
#B R$B R !58 28
26 !8 26 !8
!20 !4
#B R
52 !16
290 165 210 22
31. C 175 240 190 S 32. C 25 S
110 75 0 18
14,285
33. C 13,270 S 34. $31,850
4295
72 49
a b 68 63 1.00
35. any two matrices B R and 36. D T, B R
c d 90 56 0.50
e f 86 62
B R where bg # cf, a # d,
g h
and e # h
96.50
99.50
37. D T 38. Juniors
118
117
39. $431 40. $24,900
41. $26,360 42. $1460

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43. a # 1, b # 0, c # 0, d # 1; 44. Sports statistics are often

the original matrix listed in columns and
matrices. In this case, you
can find the total number of
points scored by multiplying
the point matrix, which
doesn’t change, by the
record matrix, which changes
for each season. Answers
should include the following.
• P ! R # [479]
• Basketball and wrestling
use different point values
in scoring.
45. B 46. A
12 !6
47. B R 48. impossible
!3 21
!20 2
49. B R 50. (7, !4)
!28 12
51. (5, !9) 52. (2, !5, !7)
3
53. $2.50; $1.50 54. ; 3
2

55. 8; !16 56. 2; !5

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57. 58.

59. 60.

Chapter 4
Practice Quiz 1
Page 174

1. (6, 3) 2. (5, !1)

120 80 64 75
3. (1, 3, 5) 4. B R,
65 105 77 53
112 79 56 74
B R
69 95 82 50
232 159 120 149 !3 5
5. B R 6. B R
134 200 159 103 3 13
4 3 !10 20 25
7. B R 8. B R
1 3 0 !20 35
15 !8 !10
9. not possible 10. B R
!7 23 16

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Lesson 4-4 Transformations with Matrices

Pages 178–181

p p p
!3 !3 !3
1. Transformation Shape Size Isometry 2. B R
!2 !2 !2
reflection same same yes
rotation same same yes
translation same same yes
dilation changes same no

3 3 3
3. Sample answer: 4. B R
!1 !1 !1
!4 !4 !4
B R
1 1 1
5. A¿(4, 3), B¿(5, !6), 6.
C¿(!3, !7)

0 5 5 0
7. B R 8. A¿(0, 12), B¿(15, 12),
4 4 0 0 C¿(15, 0), D¿(0, 0)
9. A¿(0, !4), B¿(5, !4), 10. A¿(0, !4), B¿(!5, !4),
C¿(5, 0), D¿(0, 0) C¿(!5, 0), D¿(0, 0)
!4 !4 !4
11. B 12. B R
2 2 2
13. D¿(!3, 6), E¿(!2, !3), 14.
F¿(!10, !4)

0 1.5 !2.5
15. B R 16. A¿(0, 6), B¿(4.5, !4.5),
2 !1.5 0 C¿(!7.5, 0)

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1 2 7
17. 18. B R
!1 !4 !1

19. X¿(!1, 1), Y¿(!4, 2), 20.

Z¿(!1, 7)

2 5 4 1
21. B R 22. D¿(4, !2), E¿(4, !5),
4 4 1 1 F¿(1, !4), G¿(1, !1)
23. y D E 24. E¿(6, !2), F¿(8, !9)

G F
O G' x
D'

F' E'
2 4 2 !3
25. J(!5, 3), K(7, 2), L(4, !1) 26. B R ! (!1) #
3 !3 !5 !2
!2 !4 !2 3
B R
!3 3 5 2

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27. 28. 180' rotation

4 !4 !4 4 4 !4 !4 4
29. B R 30. B R
!4 !4 4 4 !4 !4 4 4
4 4 !4 !4
31. B R 32. The figures in Exercise 29
!4 4 4 !4 and Exercise 30 have the
same coordinates, but the
figure in Exercise 31 has
different coordinates.
33. (!1.5, !1.5), (!4.5, !1.5), 34. (!3.75, !2.625)
(!6, !3.75), (!3, !3.75)
3
35. B R 36. (6.5, 6.25)
4
37. (!8, 7), (!7, !8), and 38. The object is reflected over
(8, !7) the x-axis, then translated
6 units to the right.
39. Multiply the coordinates 40. No; since the translation
1 0 does not change the
by B R, then add the
0 !1 y-coordinate, it does not
6 matter whether you do the
result to B R. translation or the reflection
0
over the x-axis first. However,
if the translation did change
the y-coordinate, then order
would be important.
41. (17, !2), (23, 2) 42. There is no single matrix to
achieve this. However, you
could reflect the object over
the y-axis and then translate
it 2(3) or 6 units to the right.

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43. Transformations are used in 44. B

computer graphics to create
special effects. You can
simulate the movement of an
object, like in space, which
you wouldn’t be able to
recreate otherwise. Answers
should include the following.
• A figure with points (a, b),
(c, d), (e, f ), (g, h), and (i, j)
could be written in a 2 " 5
a c e g i
matrix B R and
b d f h j
multiplied on the left by the
2 " 2 rotation matrix.
• The object would get
smaller and appear to be
moving away from you.
45. A 46. 2 " 2
47. undefined 48. 2 " 5
11 24 !7 20 10 !24
49. C 18 !13 8S 50. C 31 !46 !9 S
33 !8 21 !10 3 7
51. 52.

D # 53, 4, 56, R # 5!4, 5, 66;

D # {all real numbers},
R # {all real numbers}; yes
yes

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53. 54. 0 x 0 ) 4

D # 5x 0 x ) 06,
R # 5all real numbers6; no
55. 0 x 0 ( 2.8 56. 0 x $ 1 0 * 2

57. 0 x ! 1 0 ( 1
2
58. 513 mi
3
59. 6 60. 5
10
61. 28 62.
3
9 5
63. 64.
4 3

Lesson 4-5 Determinants

Pages 185–188
2 1
1. Sample answer: B R 2. Khalid; the value of the
8 4 determinant is the difference of
the products of the diagonals.
3. It is not a square matrix. 4. Sample answer:
3 1 4 3
B R, B R
6 5 1 3

6. † 0 !1 4 † #
!2 3 5
5. Cross out the column and
row that contains 6. The 9 7 2
!2 ` ` ! 3` ` $ 5` `
minor is the remaining 2 " 2 !1 4 0 4 0 !1
matrix. 7 2 9 2 9 7
# !2(!2 ! 28) !
3(0 ! 36) $ 5(0 ! (!9))
# !2(!30) ! 3(!36) $ 5(9)
# 60 $ 108 $ 45
# 213
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† 0 !1 4 † 0 !1
!2 3 5 !2 3

9 7 2 9 7
4 108 0
!45 !56 0

† 0 !1 4 † 0 !1
!2 3 5 !2 3

9 7 2 9 7
4 $ 108 $ 0 ! (!45) !
(!56) ! 0 # 213
7. !38 8. 0
9. !40 10. !28
11. !43 12. 0
13. 45 14. 26 units2
15. 20 16. !22
17. !22 18. 0
19. !29 20. !14
21. 63 22. !6
23. 32 24. !37
25. 32 26. 11.3
27. !58 28. 0
29. 62 30. 60
31. 172 32. !265
33. !22 34. 21
35. !5 36. 49
37. !141 38. !123
5
39. !6 40. , !1
3

41. 14.5 units2 42. 12

43. about 26 ft2 44. 2875 mi2

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45. Sample answer: † 1 1 1 †

1 1 1
46. Multiply each member in the
1 1 1 top row by its minor and
position sign. In this case the
minor is a 3 " 3 matrix.
Evaluate the 3 " 3 matrix
using expansion by minors
again.
47. If you know the coordinates 48. C
of the vertices of a triangle,
you can use a determinant to
find the area. This is
convenient since you don’t
need to know any additional
information such as the
measure of the angles.
Answers should include the
following.
• You could place a
coordinate grid over a map
of the Bermuda Triangle
with one vertex at the
origin. By using the scale
of the map, you could
determine coordinates to
represent the other two
vertices and use a
determinant to estimate
the area.
• The determinant method is
advantageous since you
don’t need to physically
measure the lengths of
each side or the measure
of the angles between the
vertices.
49. C 50. 63.25
51. !36.9 52. !25.21
53. !493 54. 0
!2 1 2
55. !3252 56. B R
1 2 !3

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57. A¿(!5, 2.5), B¿(2.5, 5), 58.

C¿(5, !7.5)

2 26
59. [!4] 60. B R
!9 !12
61. undefined 62. undefined
7 69
63. [14 !8] 64. B R
!5 16
65. 138,435 ft 66. y # x ! 2
4
67. y # ! x 68. y # 2x $ 1
3
1
69. y # x $ 5 70. (0, !3)
2
71. (1, 9) 72. (2, 1)
73. (!1, 1) 74. (2, 5)
75. (4, 7)

Lesson 4-6 Cramer’s Rule

Pages 192–194
1. The determinant of the 2. Sample answer: 2x $ y # 5
coefficient matrix cannot be and 6x $ 3y # 8
zero.
3. 3x $ 5y # !6, 4x ! 2y # 30 4. (5, 1)
5. (0.75, 0.5) 6. (!6, !8)

8. a!5, , ! b
2 1
7. no solution
3 2

9. a6, ! , 2b
1
10. s $ d # 4000,
2
0.065s $ 0.08d # 297.50

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11. savings account, $1500; 12. (2, !1)

certificate of deposit, $2500
13. (!12, 4) 14. (3, 5)
15. (6, 3) 16. (2.3, 1.4)
17. (!0.75, 3) 18. (!0.75, 0.625)

20. a , !1b
2
19. (!8.5625, !19.0625)
3
21. (4, !8) 22. (3, 10)

23. a , b
2 5
3 6
24. (!1.5, 2)

25. (3, !4) 26. (!1, 3, 4)

28. a! , ! b
11 39 14
27. (2, !1, 3) ,

29. a b
19 19 19
141 102 244
, ! , 30. (11, !17, 14)
29 29 29

31. a! b
155 143 673
, , 32. r $ s # 8, 7r $ 5s # 50
28 70 140
33. race car, 5 plays; snowboard, 34. 8s $ 13c # 604.79,
3 plays 1
5 s $ 14c # 542.30
2
35. silk, $34.99; cotton, $24.99 36. p $ r $ c # 5, 2r ! p # 0,
3.2p $ 2.4r $ 4c # 16.8
37. peanuts, 2 lb; raisins, 1 lb; 38. If the determinant is zero,
pretzels, 2 lb there is no unique solution to
the system. There is either
no solution or there are
infinitely many solutions.
Sample answer: 2x $ y # 4
and 4x $ 2y # 8 has a det #
0; there are infinitely many
solutions of this system.
2x $ y # 4 and
4x $ 2y # 10 has a det # 0;
there are no solutions of this
system.

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39. Cramer’s Rule is a formula 40. B

for the variables x and y
where (x, y) is a solution for
a system of equations.
Answers should include the
following.
• Cramer’s Rule uses
determinants composed of
the coefficients and
constants in a system of
linear equations to solve
the system.
• Cramer’s Rule is
convenient when
coefficients are large or
involve fractions or
decimals. Finding the
value of the determinant is
sometimes easier than
trying to find a greatest
common factor if you are
solving by using
elimination or substituting
complicated numbers.
41. 111', 69' 42. 16
43. 40 44. !53
1 1 1
45. B R 46. A¿(1, 5), B¿(!2, 2),
3 3 3 C¿(!1, !1)
47. 48. y

y ! 3x " 5
O x
(#2, #1)
y ! #2x # 5

(!2, !1)

©Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 102 Algebra 2 Chapter 4

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49. y 50. y
x"y !7 2x # 4y ! 12
O x
(4, 3)

x # 2y ! 10
x
O 1
2
x # y ! #1

(4, 3) no solution
51. c # 10h $ 35 52. [!4 32]
72 9 21
53. B R 54. B R
66 !23 43

Chapter 4
Practice Quiz 2
Page 194

1 4 1 !2
1. B R 2. A¿(!1, 2), B¿(!4, !1),
2 !1 !4 !1 C¿(!1, !4), D¿(2, !1)
3. 4. 22

5. !58 6. !105
7. 26 8. (1, !2)
9. (4, !5) 10. (1, 2, 1)

©Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 103 Algebra 2 Chapter 4

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Lesson 4-7 Identity and Inverse Matrices

Pages 198–201
1 0 0 0
0 1 0 0
1. D T 2. Exchange the values for a
0 0 1 0 and d in the first diagonal in
0 0 0 1 the matrix. Multiply the
values for b and c by !1 in
the second diagonal in the
matrix. Find the determinant
of the original matrix. Multiply
the negative reciprocal of the
determinant by the matrix
with the above mentioned
changes.
3 3
3. Sample answer: B R 4. no
3 3
2 5
5. yes 6. B R
3 8
1 4 !1
7. no inverse exists 8. ! B R
27 !7 !5
9. See students’ work. 10. yes
11. yes 12. no
13. no 14. yes
15. yes 16. true
17. true 18. true
1 1 0
19. false 20. B R
5 0 5

21. no inverse exists 1 1 !2

22. ! B R
3 !2 1
1 1 !1
23. B R 24. no inverse exists
7 4 3
1 !6 !7 1 7 3
25. B R 26. B R
4 !2 !3 34 !2 4

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1 6 0
27. ! B R 28. no inverse exists
12 !5 !2
1 3
1 1 5 4 4
29. B R 30. 4 C S
32 !6 2 1 1
!
6 2
3 5
!
4 8
31. 10 C S 32a. no
1 3
! 32b. Sample answer:
5 10
y
C

A
B
O A' x
B'' A'' B'

C'' C'

0 !2 2 4
33a. yes 34. B R
33b. Sample answer: 0 2 6 4

0 !4 4 8
35. B R 36. dilation by a scale factor of 2
0 4 12 8
1
0
1 2
37. dilation by a scale factor of 38. B D !1
T; the graph of the
2 1
0
2
inverse transformation is the
original figure.

©Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 105 Algebra 2 Chapter 4

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39. MEET_IN_THE_LIBRARY 40. AT_SIX_THIRTY

41. BRING_YOUR_BOOK 42. See students’ work.
43. a # +1, d # +1, b # c # 0 44. A matrix can be used to
code a message. The key to
the message is the inverse
of the matrix. Answers
should include the following.
• The inverse matrix undoes
the work of the matrix. So
if you multiply a numeric
message by a matrix it
changes the message.
When you multiply the
changed message by the
inverse matrix, the result is
the original numeric
message.
• You must consider the
dimensions of the coding
matrix so that you can
write the numeric
message in a matrix with
dimensions that can be
multiplied by the coding
matrix.
45. A 46. D
!5 !9
47. B R 48. no inverse exists
!6 !11
3 1 3 2
!
5 5 5 5
49. C S 50. C S
1 2 1 1
! 3 2
5 5 2 2
1 5 1 1
!1 1 ! !
3 16 8 16
1 2 1 1
51. F ! 0V 52. F! 0 V
3 3 4 4
7 8 1 5 3 1
! ! !
3 3 3 32 16 32
53. (2, !4) 54. (0, 7)

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55. (!5, 4, 1) 56. 52

57. !14 58. 0
59. 1 60. !3
1
61. !5 62.
3

5 3
63. 64. !
2 8

65. 7.82 tons/in2 66. 27

1 1
67. 5 68. !
2 2

69. 3 70. 296

71. 300 72. !1
73. !2 74. 6
75. 4 76. !27
77. !34

Lesson 4-8 Using Matrices to Solve Systems of Equations

Pages 205–207

1. 2r ! 3s # 4, r $ 4s # !2 2. Sample answer: x $ 3y # 8
and 2x $ 6y # 16
1 !1 x !3
3. Tommy; a 2 " 1 matrix 4. B R!B R#B R
cannot be multiplied by a 1 3 y 5
2 " 2 matrix.
3 !5 2 a
2 3 g 8
5. B R!B R#B R 6. C 4 7 1S ! CbS
!4 !7 h !5
2 0 !1 c
9
# C 3S
12
7. (5, !2) 8. (1.5, !4)
9. (!3, 5) 10. (1, 1.75)

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3 !1 x 0
11. h # 1, c # 12 12. B R!B R#B R
1 2 y !21
4 !7 x 2 5 !6 a !47
13. B R!B R#B R 14. B R!B R#B R
3 5 y 9 3 2 b !17
2 3 !5 a
3 !7 m !43
15. B R!B R#B R 16. C 7 0 3S ! CbS
6 5 n !10
3 !6 1 c
1
# C 7S
!5
3 !5 2 x 1 !1 0 x
17. C 1 !7 3 S ! C y S 18. C !2 !5 !6 S ! C y S
4 0 !3 z 9 10 !1 z
9 8
# C 11 S # C !27 S
!1 54
3 !5 6 r
19. C 11 !12 16 S ! C s S 20. (5, !2)
!5 8 !3 t
21
# C 15 S
!7
21. (3, 4) 22. (!2, 3)

24. a , !3b
1
23. (6, 1)

25. a! , 4b
2
1
26. (2, !3)
3
27. (!2, !2) 28. (7, 3)

30. a!1, b
9
29. (0, 9)

31. a , b
2
3 1
32. 27 h of flight instruction and
2 3
23 h in the simulator
33. 2010 34. 80 mL of the 60% solution, and
120 mL of the 40% solution

©Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 108 Algebra 2 Chapter 4

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35. The solution set is the empty 36. The food and territory that two
set or infinite solutions. species of birds require form
a system of equations. Any
independent system of
equations can be solved using
a matrix equation. Answers
should include the following.
• Let a represent the
number of nesting pairs of
Species A and let b
represent the number of
nesting pairs of Species B.
Then, 140a $ 120b #
20,000 and 500a $ 400b #
69,000.
a
• B R#
b
1 400 !120 20,000
! B R!B R;
4000 !500 140 69,000
a # 70 and b # 85, so the
area can support 70 pairs
of Species A and 85 pairs
of Species B.
37. D 38. 17 small, 24 medium, 11 large
39. (!6, 2, 5) 40. (1, !3, 2)
3
!1
4
41. (0, !1, 3) 42. C S
1
! 1
2
4 !5
43. B R 44. no inverse exists
!7 9
45. (4, !2) 46. (4.27, !5.11)
47. (!6, !8) 48. about 114.3 ft
49. {!4, 10} 50. {!5, 1}
51. {2, 7}

©Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 109 Algebra 2 Chapter 4