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Fluid Mechanics Notes (Updated Edition of FBISE Physics Class 11)

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491 views7 pages

Fluid Mechanics Notes (Updated Edition of FBISE Physics Class 11)

Uploaded by

Muhammad Rizwan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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 Information Regarding Notes:

1. Class: 11
2. Subject: Physics
3. Board: Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education
(FBISE)
4. Edition: Latest Updated Edition
 Note: I have attached a picture of the front cover of the textbook. Kindly
verify whether this is the same edition that you are using.
 Fluid Mechanics
6.6.1 Atomizer
VI.SQ.no.01: What is the working principle of an atomizer?
Answer:
Working Principle: The atomizer works on Bernoulli's principle. When you
squeeze the rubber bulb, high-speed horizontal air passes over a vertical tube,
creating a lower pressure than the pressure inside the container. This pressure
difference pushes the liquid from the reservoir up through the vertical narrow tube
and into the moving stream of air. The liquid is then broken into small droplets and
mixes with the air, carried away in a fine spray.

Rephrased Versions of the Question:


1. How does Bernoulli's principle apply to the operation of an atomizer?
2. Explain how pressure differences help an atomizer spray liquid.
3. Why does squeezing the rubber bulb of an atomizer cause the liquid to be
sprayed out?
4. Describe the role of air pressure in the working of an atomizer.
5. What happens to the pressure inside the container of an atomizer when high-
speed air flows over the vertical tube?
6. How does the pressure difference affect the liquid in an atomizer?
7. What is the role of pressure differences in moving the liquid in an atomizer?
8. How does lower pressure inside the container influence the liquid flow in an
atomizer?
9. Why is the liquid pushed upwards in an atomizer when air pressure
decreases?
10.How does air pressure variation control the spray mechanism of an
atomizer?
Additional Questions:
SQ.no.02: Define atomizer and write down its applications/uses.
Answer:
Definition: Atomizer is a device that is used to emit liquid droplets as fine spray. It
works on Bernoulli’s principle.
Applications: Atomizer nozzles are used for spraying perfumes, for applying paint
and in engine carburetor etc.

Rephrased Versions of the Question:


1. Write down the importance of atomizer.
2. Define atomizer and for which purpose it can be used?
6.6.2 Filter Pump
VI.SQ.no.01: How does a filter pump work according to Bernoulli's effect?
Answer:
A filter pump operates using Bernoulli's effect. When water from the tap reaches
the jet at high speed, it increases the airspeed and creates a pressure drop near the
jet. As the airspeed increases, the pressure decreases. The air flows in from the
sides of the pump into the vessel, and the air and water are forced to the bottom of
the filter pump.

Rephrased Versions of the Question:


1. Explain how Bernoulli's principle is used in the functioning of a filter pump.
2. How does the jet in a filter pump create a pressure difference for pumping
water?
3. What is the relationship between airspeed and pressure in the working of a
filter pump?
4. Describe the flow of air and water in a filter pump based on Bernoulli’s
effect.
5. What is the role of air in the operation of a filter pump?
6. How does air enter and contribute to the working of a filter pump?
7. What is the significance of air being drawn in from the sides of the filter
pump?
8. How is the air mixed with water in a filter pump system?

6.6.3 Torricelli’s Theorem


VI.SQ.no.01: State Torricelli's Theorem.
Answer:
Statement: The speed of flow of liquid from an orifice ……through the height h.
Mathematical Form: (Write here the equation 6.7 from the textbook that is given
in the topic 6.6.3 Torricelli’s Theorem.)
Figure: (Draw figure 6.12 from the textbook that is given in the topic 6.6.3
Torricelli’s Theorem.)
Rephrased Versions of the Question:
1. What is Torricelli’s Theorem?
2. Can you explain Torricelli’s Theorem?
3. How would you define Torricelli’s Theorem?
4. What does Torricelli’s Theorem state regarding fluid flow?

VI.SQ.no.02: Derive the expression for Torricelli's Theorem.


Answer:
Consider a tank filled with…… v=√ 2 gh ……(6.7)
Rephrased Versions of the Question:
5. How can you derive the formula for Torricelli’s Theorem?
6. Can you show the mathematical derivation of Torricelli’s Theorem?
7. Explain the steps involved in deriving Torricelli’s Theorem.
8. How is the expression for Torricelli’s Theorem derived?
VI.SQ.no.03: How can we find the velocity gained by an object in falling from
height h?
Answer:
The equation (6.7) also true for the velocity gained by an object…… v=√ 2 gh ……
(6.8)
This equation is same as……falling through the height h.
Rephrased Versions of the Question:
9. What is the method to calculate the velocity of an object falling from height
h?
10. How do you determine the velocity of an object after falling from a height
h?
11. How is the velocity of a falling object calculated when it falls from height h?
12. What formula do we use to find the velocity of an object falling freely from
height h?

VI.SQ.no.04: How can we prove that the speed of flow of liquid from an orifice
at depth h below the top surface of a liquid is equal to the speed gain by the fluid
in free falling through the height h?
Answer:
Consider a tank filled with……speed gain by the fluid in free falling through the
height h.
Rephrased Versions of the Question:
13. How do you demonstrate that the flow speed from an orifice at depth h is
equal to the velocity gained by a fluid falling from height h?
14. How can you verify that the liquid flow speed from an orifice at depth h
matches the free-fall velocity of fluid over height h?
15. In what way can you prove that the liquid exiting an orifice at depth h has
the same speed as a free-falling fluid from height h?
16. How do you show that the speed of a liquid exiting from an orifice is the
same as the velocity of a fluid falling freely from height h?

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