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Advanced SQL Queries

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Advanced SQL Queries

Uploaded by

amartya1820
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Advanced_SQL_Queries.

md 2024-09-04

Advanced SQL Queries


In this section, we'll cover some advanced SQL queries using MySQL. We'll use the existing EMPLOYEES table,
and add a bit more data if necessary.

1. Adding More Data


Let's add some more data to the EMPLOYEES table to illustrate the examples better.

INSERT INTO EMPLOYEES (EmployeeID, FirstName, LastName, Department, Salary,


JoinDate) VALUES
(7, 'Sarah', 'Taylor', 'HR', 62000.00, '2020-08-15'),
(8, 'David', 'Anderson', 'Finance', 54000.00, '2023-01-20'),
(9, 'Laura', 'Martinez', 'IT', 58000.00, '2021-02-12');

2. Advanced SQL Queries


2.1 LIKE Operator:

Definition: The LIKE operator is a SQL keyword used to search for a specified pattern within a column.
It acts as a filtering tool that allows you to find rows where the data matches a specific pattern.

Purpose: The LIKE operator itself is the command that you use to perform the pattern search in SQL.

Example:

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE FirstName LIKE 'J%';

Output:

2.2 Wildcards:

Definition: Wildcards are special symbols used in conjunction with the LIKE operator to define the
pattern you want to search for. The two most common wildcards are:

%: Represents zero or more characters.


_: Represents a single character.

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Advanced_SQL_Queries.md 2024-09-04

Purpose: Wildcards enhance the LIKE operator by allowing you to create flexible search patterns.

Example:

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE LastName LIKE '%n';

Output:

LIKE Operator: The command used to perform pattern matching.

Wildcards: Symbols used within the LIKE pattern to define the specific search criteria.

2.3 IN Operator

IN Operator: The IN operator allows you to specify multiple values in a WHERE clause. It's a shorthand
for multiple OR conditions.

Example :

Find all employees who work in the 'IT' or 'HR' departments.

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE Department IN ('IT', 'HR');

Output

2.4 BETWEEN Operator

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Advanced_SQL_Queries.md 2024-09-04

BETWEEN Operator: The BETWEEN operator is used to filter the result set within a certain range. The
values can be numbers, text, or dates.

Example :

Find all employees with a salary between 55000 and 65000.

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE Salary BETWEEN 55000 AND 65000;

Output

2.5 Aliases (AS)

Aliases (AS): Aliases are used to give a table or a column a temporary name. This name only exists for
the duration of that query.

Example :

Select the first and last names of employees with the aliases 'First Name' and 'Last Name'.

SELECT FirstName AS 'First Name', LastName AS 'Last Name' FROM EMPLOYEES;

Output

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