SMART CIRCUIT CONTROL: EMPOWERING HOMES WITH SMS-DRIVEN BREAKER

SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

As our society becomes more reliant on technology, integrating smart devices into our daily lives has reshaped how we
interact with the world around us. In household management, the Smart Circuit Breaker System stands as a beacon of innovation,
showcasing the immense potential of combining traditional infrastructure with cutting-edge technology.

As we navigate the complexities of the 21st century, solutions like the Smart Circuit Breaker System exemplify our
capacity to innovate, adapt, and solve pressing challenges. This research serves as a testament to human ingenuity, highlighting
our ability to harness technology for the betterment of society. By exploring the nuances of this groundbreaking technology, we
not only enhance our understanding of electrical systems but also pave the way for a future where safety, efficiency, and
convenience harmoniously coexist.

Up to 2040, the world's power consumption is anticipated to increase continuously, with a large contribution coming
from Southeast Asia and the Asia-Pacific area (IEA, 2018). Their capacity expansion is heavily reliant on coal production (IEA,
2018). The Philippines was this study’s focus for the following reasons: a combination of the country's high electricity rate (in
comparison to other nations), frequent power outages, and relatively high rate of renewable energy penetration point to possible
future issues.

Moreover, many people frequently forget to turn off the lights, television, and other appliances when they leave their
houses. This causes their electric bills to get higher as they overuse electricity and worse, it can lead to the wasting of resources
which can impact the environment in the end (Asongu et al., 2020; Jiang et al., 2021; Saint 2 Akadiri et al., 2020). Thus, there
is a need to slow down or possibly prevent the already worsening situation of the country in terms of sources of electricity. As a
response to the stated concerns, the development of a Short Message Service (SMS) Controlled Circuit Breaker system would be
a great help to reduce the inefficiency of using electricity.

Studies and development of smart and intelligent circuit breakers have been widely researched and shown positive
results (Liu et al., 2018; Lu et al., 2021; Marhoon & Taha, 2018; Sedhuraman et al., 2019; Tzelepis et al., 2020). Many of
the developments have focused on the feature of being an auto recloser, which means that after the fault is fixed, it immediately
shuts off the circuit. However, up to date, there is still no development of a smart circuit breaker that can be controlled
specifically in terms of switching it off and on with SMS or “text” which is one of the most commonly used communication tools
by Filipinos. Hence, the current research will be deemed important in upgrading the safety of Filipino homes from fire and
improving energy conservation that will help the environment in the end.

Several studies sought to identify the advantages of using SMS- Controlled Devices. In the study of Yasin et al. (2019),
an effective system is conceived, constructed, and put into use that uses a microcontroller and the GSM network to remotely
manage and monitor the irrigation process, the amount of water in a tank, and if it is raining outside. This SIM900 GSM Shield
and an Arduino 3 Mega2560 microcontrollers were utilized in the system. Using current technology has made irrigation simpler
thanks to the use of soil moisture sensors, monitoring of their value by a microcontroller, and autonomous irrigation ordering
without the need for labor.
 Additionally, the farmer now needs to consider the preservation of time and water. Through the provision of water to
satisfy the needs of growth, automated irrigation improves plant development and decreases leaf wilting. In terms of the amount
of water utilized in each irrigation process, where the difference between the two techniques reaches to about 60%, the suggested
system demonstrates the superiority of the irrigation system based on the soil moisture sensor over the traditional irrigation
system. Rain during irrigation, when farmers or homeowners are outside their fields or residences, is one of the issues they face.
This issue is resolved by this system. This system receives instructions through SMS and the GSM network and regulates the
watering operation remotely. Any mobile phone that supports the SMS service can be utilized in the system; there are no specific
software or hardware requirements for mobile devices. In a typical circumstance, this system relied just on one mobile phone
number (the homeowner's phone number) to send and receive command messages. However, it is quite simple to add other
numbers (such as his wife's phone number) simply updating the relevant source code.

The need for low-power technology is growing in homes and other places. To minimize electrical power risks and to
provide acceptable safety, a rapid-response circuit breaker must be used. Thus, multiple researchers sought to identify the
advantages of using an intelligent circuit breaker system. In the study of Marhoon and Taha (2018), the system created to
safeguard home and business owners from the 4 risks of electric current is built to instantly break if a fault or overload arises as a
result of a short circuit or excessive loading.

Another study is an intelligent vacuum circuit breaker, digital communications technique for analyzing the value of the
status information has been suggested together with an intelligent detection system based on an intelligent vacuum circuit
breaker. Based on the IEC61850 standard, the IEC62271 standard was extended. This pioneering work involved designing an
intelligent vacuum circuit breaker communication platform, an IED server model for high-voltage switchgear in the transmission
layer, and a communication interface to the IEC61850 standard. A substation event with a quick transmission channel is provided
by a GOOSE message. Following the publisher/subscriber communication method, status information was sent as a GOOSE
message to the application layer of the smart grid. It put into practice the IEC 61850 standard's application for intelligent vacuum
breaker data transfer. It used switching-on detection to show how well status monitoring works with the intelligent vacuum
breaker. The results of the trial demonstrated the detection method's high degree of dependability for the operational status data
supplied in real-time on the intelligent vacuum breaker (Liu et al. 2018).

Hence, the goal of this research is to create an SMS-Controlled Circuit Breaker system that can be used with regular
microcircuit breakers, particularly those that are used in homes. This research addresses the need for additional safe and efficient
use of energy, thereby aligning with the Sustainable Development Goal and helping to provide more inclusive, safe, and
sustainable development for the communities where people live.

Bibliography

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