A

Micro-Project Report
On
“Overview Of Operating System”
Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Diploma in Computer
Engineering,

By
1) Kusalkar Akshada [2214660067]
2) Kusalkar Rutuja [2214660066]
3) Pote Pooja [2214660043]
4) Pote Gauri [2214660044]

Guided By
Prof. Dongre.D.R

Shree Samarth Academy’s

Shree Samarth Polytechnic
Mhasane Phata, Ahmednagar
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education
(2024-2025)
 Shree Samarth Academy’s
Shree Samarth Polytechnic
Department of Computer Engineering.

CERTIFICATE
This is to Certify that the Project work Entitled

“Overview Of Operating System”

is
Submitted by
1) Kusalkar Akshada [2214660067]
2) Kusalkar Rutuja [2214660066]
3) Pote Pooja [2214660043]
4) Pote Gauri [2214660044]

in the partial fulfillment of Diploma in Computer Engineering has been

Satisfactory carried out under my guidance as per the requirement of
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai during the academic
year 2024-2025

GUIDE HOD PRINCIPAL

(Prof.Dongre.D.R) (Prof.Darode.S.S) (Prof.Desale.D.D)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is a matter of great pleasure for me that I have been elected to work

on this project to prove my knowledge and abilities.
This project not only enhanced my knowledge in this field but also
increased my general awareness. The completion of any project is always due
to the effort from numerous people, so no project would be considered
complete without words of appreciation for all those who contributed to the
project. In completing this project, I have been fortunate to have help,
support and encouragement from many people.
I would like to acknowledge them for their co- operation. First, I would
like to thank my internal project guide Prof.Dongre.D.R for her constant
motivation and valuable help through the project work and her instructions
has served as the major contributor towards the completion of the project.
I also extend my thanks to other Faculties for their Co-operation
during my Course. I express my deep thanks to HOD Darode.S.S for warm
hospitality and affection extended towards me.
Last but not least I would also like to thank my Senior, classmates who
help me to complete this work successfully.

Student Details:
1) Kusalkar Akshada [2214660067]
2) Kusalkar Rutuja [2214660066]
3) Pote Pooja [2214660043]
4) Pote Gauri [2214660044]

Date:
Signature:
Introduction of Operating System:
An operating system acts as an intermediary between the
user of a computer and computer hardware. In short its an
interface between computer hardware and user. The purpose of an
operating system is to provide an environment in which a user can
execute programs conveniently and efficiently.
Operating systems

Common features:

• Process management
• Interrupts
• Memory management
• File system
• Device drivers
• Networking
• Security
• Input/output
Defination:
An operating system acts as an interface between the user and
hardware of the computer and also controls the execution of
application programs.
Operating system is also called as resource manager.

Types Of Operating Systems:

Operating systems come in many different types. An OS might fit
one or several of the types listed below, and the difference between
the types isn't always clear.
❖ Single- and multi-tasking:
A single-tasking system can only run one program at a time.
A multitasking operating system can run more than one program
at the same time. To multi-task, the computer lets each program
take a turn using the processor.
❖ Single- and multi-user
Single-user operating systems don't let people create their own
"accounts" on the computer - there is only one user. A multi-user
operating system lets multiple users interact with the system at the
same time.
❖ Distributed
A distributed operating system takes a group of distinct computers,
which might be all over the place, and makes them work together
like one single computer.
❖ Embedded
Embedded operating systems are very small OSes used
in embedded systems. They are designed to operate on small
machines, like the electronic part of a microwave, and they only do
a few particular things.
Components of Operating System:
An operating system is a large and complex system that
can only be created by partitioning into small parts. These pieces
should be a well-defined part of the system, carefully defining
inputs, outputs, and functions.
Although Windows, Mac, UNIX, Linux, and other OS do
not have the same structure, most operating systems share similar
OS system components, such as file, memory, process, I/O device
management.
The components of an operating system play a key role to
make a variety of computer system parts work together. There are
the following components of an operating system, such as:
1.Process Management
2.File Management
3.Network Management
4.Main Memory Management
5.Secondary Storage Management
6.I/O Device Management
7.Security Management
8.Command Interpreter System
Operating system components help you get the correct computing
by detecting CPU and memory hardware errors.
❖ Process Management
The process management component is a procedure for
managing many processes running simultaneously on the
operating system. Every running software application program has
one or more processes associated with them.
For example, when you use a search engine like Chrome, there is a
process running for that browser program.
Process management keeps processes running efficiently. It also
uses memory allocated to them and shutting them down when
needed.
The execution of a process must be sequential so, at least one
instruction should be executed on behalf of the process.
 ❖ File Management
A file is a set of related information defined by its creator. It
commonly represents programs (both source and object forms) and
data. Data files can be alphabetic, numeric, or alphanumeric.

❖ Network Management
Network management is the process of administering and
managing computer networks. It includes performance
management, provisioning of networks, fault analysis, and
maintaining the quality of service.
 A distributed system is a collection of computers or
processors that never share their memory and clock. In this type of
system, all the processors have their local memory, and the
processors communicate with each other using different
communication cables, such as fibre optics or telephone lines.
❖ Main Memory management
Main memory is a large array of storage or bytes, which has an
address. The memory management process is conducted by using
a sequence of reads or writes of specific memory addresses.
It should be mapped to absolute addresses and loaded inside the
memory to execute a program. The selection of a memory
management method depends on several factors.
 ❖ Secondary-Storage Management
The most important task of a computer system is to execute
programs. These programs help you to access the data from the
main memory during execution. This memory of the computer is
very small to store all data and programs permanently. The
computer system offers secondary storage to back up the main
memory.

Today modern computers use hard drives/SSD as the primary

storage of both programs and data. However, the secondary
storage management also works with storage devices, such as USB
flash drives and CD/DVD drives. Programs like assemblers and
compilers are stored on the disk until it is loaded into memory, and
then use the disk is used as a source and destination for processing.

❖ I/O Device Management

One of the important use of an operating system that helps to hide
the variations of specific hardware devices from the user.
 ❖ Security Management
The various processes in an operating system need to be secured
from other activities. Therefore, various mechanisms can ensure
those processes that want to operate files, memory CPU, and other
hardware resources should have proper authorization from the
operating system.
Security refers to a mechanism for controlling the access of
programs, processes, or users to the resources defined by computer
controls to be imposed, together with some means of enforcement.

❖ Command Interpreter System

One of the most important components of an operating system is
its command interpreter. The command interpreter is the primary
interface between the user and the rest of the system.
Many commands are given to the operating system by control
statements. A program that reads and interprets control statements
is automatically executed when a new job is started in a batch
system or a user logs in to a time-shared system. This program is
variously called.
 Teacher Evaluation Sheet
Name of Student……………………………………………………………………….
Enrollment No………………………………………………………………………….
Name of Program……………………………………………………………………….
Semester…………………………………………………………………………………
Course Title……………………………………………………………………………..
Code……………………………………………………………………………………..
Title of the Micro-Project……………………………………………………………..
Course Outcomes Achieved
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………..
Evaluation as per suggested Rubric for Assessment of Micro-Project
Sr. Characteristics to be Poor (Marks 1- Average Good Excellent
No assessed 3) (Marks 4- (Marks 6- (Marks 9-
5) 8) 10)
1 Relevance to the course
2 Literature `
survey/Information
Collection
3 Project Proposal
4 Completion of the
Target as per project
proposal
5 Analysis of Data &
Representation
6 Quality of
Prototype/Model
7 Report Preparation
8. Presentation

Micro-Project Evaluation Sheet

Process Assessment Product Assessment
Part A- Project Part B-Project Individual Total Marks
Project Methodology Report/Working Presentation/Viva 10
Proposal (2Marks) Model (2 (4marks
(2Marks) Marks)
Part A- Project Part B-Project Individual
Project Methodology Report/Working Presentation/Viva
Proposal (2Marks) Model (2 Marks) (4marks
(2Marks)
Note:
Every course teacher is expected to assign marks for group evolution in
first 3 columns & individual evaluation in 4th
columns for each group of students as per rubrics
Comments/Suggestions about team work/leadership/inter-personal
communication (if any).
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................
Any other comment:
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
Name and designation of the faculty
member........................................................
Signature..................................................................
*****************