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MAT135 Written Assignment 3

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31 views5 pages

MAT135 Written Assignment 3

Uploaded by

personmanispersonman
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Suppose that an old hospital building leaks N 2 O (nitrous oxide) into

the air. It leaks continuously (all the time), but not at a constant
rate. Suppose A(t) gives the total volume of N 2 O (measured in cubic
metres) that the hospital has leaked since midnight on 1st March
2023, which is t=0 . Time, t , is measured in weeks and the domain of
A(t) is D=¿.
The table below shows some select values of A(t):
t: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
A (t ): 0.5 1.3 1.9 2.9 4.2 5.6 6.4 8.7 10.6 11.6 12.3 14.4

1. How much N 2 O did the hospital leak from midnight on 15th


March 2023 until midnight on 5th April 2023? Show your work.
When t=0 , the date is 1st March 2023, and so 2 weeks later is 15th March.
Thus, the starting value is at t=2, where A ( 2 )=1.3 based on the given table. 3
weeks later, the date is 5th April, and so t=5, where A ( 5 )=4.2. Since the
question asks for the total leakage in the timeframe, we can simply
determine A ( 5 )− A (2), which is 4.2−1.3, which evaluates to 2.9. Thus, the
hospital leaked 2.9 m3 of N 2 O from 15th March 2023 to 5th April 2023.
2.
a. Is A ( t ) an invertible function? Explain.
A ( t ) is an invertible function because each input t has a unique output A ( t ) in
the table and is described as continuously increasing. If you were to graph
the function based on the values in the table, A(t) would pass the horizontal
line test, as each input has one output.

b. Is A−1( 10.6) defined? If yes, find its value (either exactly or


approximately) and explain with a sentence what it
represents. If not, explain why not.
−1
A ( 10.6) is defined because the function itself is invertible and 10.6 appears in
A(t) in the table. The corresponding value of A−1( 10.6) is 9 , as A(9) is 10.6 and
−1
A ( t) is the inverse function of A(t).

c. Is A−1( 10.8) defined? Explain.


−1
A ( 10.8) is defined because the function is invertible, as explained earlier.
However, since we are given the table for A(t) instead of the equation of A(t)
, we cannot calculate the value of A−1( 10.8) .
3. Now consider the function N (t ), which gives the volume of N 2 O
(measured in cubic metres) leaked by the hospital so far
during week t . (Week 1 would be from midnight on 1st March
2023 until midnight on 8th March 2023.) Time, t , is measured in
weeks and the domain of N (t ) is F={1 , 2 ,3 , 4 , … } (only positive
integers)
a. Find N (7).
N (t ) is simply the volume of N 2 O leaked during a specified week, starting
from midnight of the week t−1 and ending on the midnight of the week t . For
example, N ( 1 ) would be N ( 1 )−N (0) . Therefore, N (7) would simply be A ( 7 ) −A (6)
. That evaluates to 6.4−5.6=0.8. Thus, 0.8 m3 of N 2 O has leaked during the 7th
week after 1st March 2023.
b. Is N (t ) an invertible function? Explain.
N (t ) is not an invertible function, as not every input t has a unique output
N (t ). For example, N ( 2 )=0.8 while N ( 7 )=0.8 as well. Thus, not every input has a
unique output, meaning the function is not invertible.
4. Suppose that the same hospital also leaks desflurane (another
greenhouse gas sometimes used in hospitals). After collecting
some data, a team of scientists decides to model the
desflurane leaked by:
4 ln ( t +3 )−2
D ( t )=
ln ⁡(t +3)
Where D(t ) gives the total volume of desflurane (measured in
cubic metres) that the hospital has leaked since midnight on
1st March 2023. Time, t , is measured in weeks and the domain
of D(t ) is D=¿.
At what time, t , is the total volume of leaked desflurane 3 cubic
metres? Give both an exact answer AND an answer rounded to
2 decimal places.
In order to solve this problem, we must set D(t ) to 3 cubic metres, and then
solve for t .
4 ln ( t+3 )−2
D ( t )=3=
ln ⁡(t+3)
We can multiply both sides by ln ⁡(t+ 3) .
Note that D(t )’s domain is ¿, and so ln ( t +3 ) ≠ 0
as ln ⁡(t+ 3) can never equal ln ( 1 )=0 if t ≥ 0 . 3 ln ( t+ 3 )=4 ln ( t+ 3 )−2

Then, we can move both terms with ln ⁡(t+ 3) to one side.


3 ln ( t+ 3 )−4 ln ( t+ 3 )=−2

We can then group like terms. ln ( t +3 ) ( 3−4 ) =−2

We then subtract (3−4) to get −1. ln ( t +3 ) (−1 )=−2

Then, we isolate ln ⁡(t+ 3) by dividing −2 by −1. ln ( t +3 )=2


2
Now, we can express ln ⁡(t+ 3) in exponential form. e =t +3
2
Finally, we can isolate t . t=e −3
Therefore, an exact value for t is e 2−3. We can confirm this by calculating
2 2
D( e −3) and confirming that D( e −3) is equal to 3.

4 ln ( (e 2−3)+ 3 )−2 4 ln ( e )−2


2
D ( e 2−3 ) = =
ln ⁡((e 2−3)+ 3) ln ⁡(e 2)

From here, we can simplify ln ⁡(e ¿¿ 2)¿ as 2, as ln ( e2 )=2.


4 ln ( e2 ) −2 8−2 6
2
= = =3
ln ⁡( e ) 2 2

As D ( e 2−3 ) =3, we have verified that this is correct. As for an approximate


form in two decimal places, we get 4.39 as t by calculating e 2, then
subtracting 3 and rounding. This means that at 4.39 weeks since 1st March
2023, 3 m3 of desflurane leaked.

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